These are lists of

incumbent The incumbent is the current holder of an office or position, usually in relation to an election. In an election for president, the incumbent is the person holding or acting in the office of president before the election, whether seeking re-ele ...

s (individuals holding offices or positions), including heads of states or of subnational entities. A historical discipline, archontology, focuses on the study of past and current office holders. Incumbents may also be found in the countries' articles ( main article and " Politics of") and the list of national leaders, recent changes in

2020 in politics and government Events pertaining to world affairs in 2020, national politics, public policy, government, world economics, and international business, that took place in various nations, regions, organizations, around the world in 2020. January * January 1 * ...

, and past leaders on State leaders by year and Colonial governors by year. Various articles group lists by title, function or topic: e.g. abdication, assassinated persons,

cabinet (government) A cabinet is a body of high-ranking state officials, typically consisting of the executive branch's top leaders. Members of a cabinet are usually called cabinet ministers or secretaries. The function of a cabinet varies: in some countr ...

chancellor Chancellor ( la, cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the or lattice work screens of a basilica or law cou ...

, ex-monarchs (20th century),

head of government The head of government is the highest or the second-highest official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, autonomous region, or other government who often presides over a cabinet, a ...

head of state A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and ...

lieutenant governor A lieutenant governor, lieutenant-governor, or vice governor is a high officer of state, whose precise role and rank vary by jurisdiction. Often a lieutenant governor is the deputy, or lieutenant, to or ranked under a governor — a "second-in-comm ...

mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well ...

, military commanders, minister (and ministers by portfolio below),

order of precedence An order of precedence is a sequential hierarchy of nominal importance and can be applied to individuals, groups, or organizations. Most often it is used in the context of people by many organizations and governments, for very formal and state o ...

peerage A peerage is a legal system historically comprising various hereditary titles (and sometimes non-hereditary titles) in a number of countries, and composed of assorted noble ranks. Peerages include: Australia * Australian peers Belgium * Be ...

president President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university * President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...

prime minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...

, Reichstag participants (1792), secretary of state.

Heads of international organizations

President of the European Council The president of the European Council is the person presiding over and driving forward the work of the European Council on the world stage. This institution comprises the college of heads of state or government of EU member states as well as ...

President of the European Commission The president of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the European Union (EU). The President of the Commission leads a Cabinet of Commissioners, referred to as the College, collectively account ...

United Nations Secretary-General The secretary-general of the United Nations (UNSG or SG) is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations. The role of the secretary- ...

* United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees *

International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster glo ...

Managing Directors * Director-General of the World Trade Organization * NATO Secretaries General * FIFA presidents * International Olympic Committee Presidents

Heads of state or government

Africa

Eastern Africa

Burundi Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the junction between the African Gr ...

: Rulers of Burundi *

Comoros The Comoros,, ' officially the Union of the Comoros,; ar, الاتحاد القمري ' is an independent country made up of three islands in southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. It ...

: ** Rulers of Comoros **

Sultans on the Comoros Several sultanates on the Comoros, an archipelago in the Indian Ocean with an ethnically complex mix, were founded after the introduction of Islam into the area in the 15th century. Other uses depending on the island could also be styled ''fani ...

Kenya ) , national_anthem = " Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

: Rulers of Kenya *

Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Afric ...

: Rulers of Madagascar ** Monarchs of Madagascar (until 1897) **

Colonial Heads of Madagascar In 1882, the French Third Republic established a Malagasy Protectorate, protectorate over the Merina Kingdom on the island of Madagascar, with the consent of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom. The French position ...

** List of presidents of Madagascar *

Malawi Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northe ...

(former Nyasaland, former British Central Africa Protectorate) **

Heads of state of Malawi This is a list of the heads of state of Malawi, from the independence of Malawi in 1964 to the present day. From 1964 to 1966 the head of state under the Constitution of 1964 was the queen of Malawi, Elizabeth II, who was also the queen of the ...

** Heads of government of Malawi ** Colonial heads of Malawi (Nyasaland) *** Rulers of Malawi *** Rulers of Nkamanga ***

Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Jere (Qeko) This is a list of rulers of the Ngoni people, Ngoni dynasty. Jere, (Qeko), (Malawi) and (Tanzania)

Jere Dynasty (Qeko dynasty) (Ngoni Dynasty) {{DEFAULTSORT:Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Jere (Qeko) Malawi history-related lists Tanzania h ...

*** Rulers of the Ngoni Dynasty of Maseko (Gomani) *

Mauritius Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label= Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It ...

Queen of Mauritius Elizabeth II was Queen of Mauritius as well as its head of state from 1968 to 1992 when Mauritius was an independent sovereign state and a constitutional monarchy within the Commonwealth of Nations. She was also the monarch of other Commonw ...

Presidents of Mauritius The president of the Republic of Mauritius (french: président de la République de Maurice) is the head of state of the Republic of Mauritius. Mauritius is a parliamentary republic, and the president functions as a ceremonial figurehead, elec ...

Governors-General of Mauritius Governor-general (plural ''governors-general''), or governor general (plural ''governors general''), is the title of an office-holder. In the context of governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general are appointed as viceroy t ...

** Prime Ministers of Mauritius *

Mozambique Mozambique (), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( pt, Moçambique or , ; ny, Mozambiki; sw, Msumbiji; ts, Muzambhiki), is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi ...

** Heads of state of Mozambique ** Heads of government of Mozambique ** Heads of National Resistance Government of Mozambique ** Colonial heads of Mozambique *** Colonial heads of Delagoa Bay *

Rwanda Rwanda (; rw, u Rwanda ), officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator ...

** Kings of Rwanda **

Presidents of Rwanda President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

** Prime Ministers of Rwanda *

Seychelles Seychelles (, ; ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (french: link=no, République des Seychelles; Creole: ''La Repiblik Sesel''), is an archipelagic state consisting of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city, ...

** Presidents of Seychelles *

Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands ...

** Presidents of Tanzania ** Prime Ministers of Tanzania ** Presidents of Zanzibar ** Prime Ministers of Zanzibar *** Governors-General of Tanganyika *** Presidents of Tanganyika *** Sultans of Zanzibar *

Uganda }), is a landlocked country in East Africa. The country is bordered to the east by Kenya, to the north by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania. The ...

** Governors-General of Uganda **

Presidents of Uganda The president of the Republic of Uganda is the head of state and the head of government of Uganda. The president leads the executive branch of the government of Uganda and is the commander-in-chief of the Uganda People's Defence Force. The in ...

Prime Ministers of Uganda The prime minister of Uganda chairs the Cabinet of Uganda, although the president is the effective head of government. Robinah Nabbanja has been the prime minister since 21 June 2021. The post of Prime Minister was created for the first time in ...

** Kings of Nkole **Kings of

Buganda Buganda is a Bantu kingdom within Uganda. The kingdom of the Baganda people, Buganda is the largest of the traditional kingdoms in present-day East Africa, consisting of Buganda's Central Region, including the Ugandan capital Kampala. The 14 mi ...

Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...

Presidents of Zambia The president of Zambia is the head of state and the head of government of Zambia. The office was first held by Kenneth Kaunda following Zambia Independence Act 1964, independence in 1964. Since 1991, when Kaunda left the presidency, the offic ...

Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and ...

** Munhumutapa emperors ** Prime Ministers of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland ** Prime Ministers of Rhodesia ** Presidents of Rhodesia ** Presidents of Zimbabwe

Horn of Africa

Djibouti Djibouti, ar, جيبوتي ', french: link=no, Djibouti, so, Jabuuti officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red ...

: Rulers of Djibouti *

Eritrea Eritrea ( ; ti, ኤርትራ, Ertra, ; ar, إرتريا, ʾIritriyā), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopi ...

: Rulers of Eritrea *

Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...

: Rulers of Ethiopia *

Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constitut ...

: Presidents of Somalia *

Somaliland Somaliland,; ar, صوماليلاند ', ' officially the Republic of Somaliland,, ar, جمهورية صوماليلاند, link=no ''Jumhūrīyat Ṣūmālīlānd'' is a ''de facto'' sovereign state in the Horn of Africa, still conside ...

: Presidents of Somaliland

Middle Africa

Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordinat ...

** Heads of state of Angola (''see also: '' Presidents of Angola ** Heads of government of Angola (''see also: '' Prime Minister of Angola **

List of current Angolan ministers The Cabinet of Angola is the chief executive body of the Republic of Angola. References External linksgoverno.gov.ao(in Portuguese) Cabinet Angolan ministers Ministers Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , imag ...

Colonial heads of Angola This is a list of European (Portuguese and Dutch) colonial administrators responsible for the territory of Portuguese Angola, an area equivalent to modern-day Republic of Angola. List (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto'' continuation of ...

*** Heads of state of the Democratic People's Republic of Angola *** Heads of government of the Democratic People's Republic of Angola *** Heads of state of Cabinda *** Heads of government of Cabinda *** Colonial and provincial heads of Cabinda *

Cameroon Cameroon (; french: Cameroun, ff, Kamerun), officially the Republic of Cameroon (french: République du Cameroun, links=no), is a country in west-central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the ...

Heads of state of Cameroon This is a list of presidents of Cameroon since the country gained independence from France in 1960 to the present day.A total of two people have served as President of Cameroon.The current President of Cameroon is Paul Biya, since 6 November 198 ...

** Heads of government of Cameroon ** Colonial heads of British Cameroon (Cameroons) *** Heads of government of British Cameroon (Cameroons) *** Colonial heads of French Cameroon (Cameroun) *** Heads of government of French Cameroon (Cameroun) *** Colonial heads of German Cameroon (Kamerun) *** Colonial heads of Ambas Bay (Victoria Colony) *** Rulers of Bamoun (Mum) ***

Rulers of Mandara The Mandara Kingdom (sometimes called Wandala) was an African kingdom in the Mandara Mountains of what is today Cameroon. The Mandara people are descended from the kingdom's inhabitants. History Tradition states that Mandara was founded shor ...

Central African Republic The Central African Republic (CAR; ; , RCA; , or , ) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the southeast, the DR Congo to the south, the Republic of th ...

** Heads of state of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire) **

Heads of government of the Central African Republic (and Central African Empire) This article lists the heads of government of the Central African Republic. There have been twenty-five heads of government of the Central African Republic and the Central African Empire. The office of Prime Minister, the head of government, wa ...

** Colonial heads of Central Africa (Oubangui-Chari) *

Chad Chad (; ar, تشاد , ; french: Tchad, ), officially the Republic of Chad, '; ) is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic ...

** Heads of state of Chad **

Heads of government of Chad This is a list of prime ministers of Chad since the formation of the post of Prime Minister of Chad in 1978 to the present day. A total of eighteen people have served as Prime Minister of Chad (not counting one Acting Prime Minister). Additi ...

Colonial heads of Chad (Dates in ''italics'' indicate ''de facto'' continuation of office) For continuation after independence, ''see: ''List of Presidents of Chad, President of Chad See also

*Chad **Heads of state of Chad **Heads of government of Chad *Lists o ...

*** Rulers of Baguirmi *** Rulers of Wada’i ** Kanem-Bornu emperors * Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Zaire/'Congo-Kinshasa') ** Heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ** Heads of government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ** Heads of state of the Congo Free State ** Colonial heads of Congo *** Rulers of Katanga *** Rulers of Kuba *** Rulers of Luba *** Rulers of Ruund (Luunda) *** Rulers of Kasongo Luunda (Yaka) *** Rulers of Kongo *** Kongo ** Rulers of Kongo * Congo, Republic of the (Congo-Brazzaville) ** Heads of state of the Republic of the Congo ** Heads of government of the Republic of the Congo *** Colonial heads of French Equatorial Africa *

Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea ( es, Guinea Ecuatorial; french: Guinée équatoriale; pt, Guiné Equatorial), officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea ( es, link=no, República de Guinea Ecuatorial, french: link=no, République de Guinée équatoria ...

** Heads of state of Equatorial Guinea ** Heads of government of Equatorial Guinea ** Colonial heads of Equatorial Guinea (Fernando Poo/Spanish Guinea) *

Gabon Gabon (; ; snq, Ngabu), officially the Gabonese Republic (french: République gabonaise), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. Located on the equator, it is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the nort ...

** Heads of state of Gabon ** Heads of government of Gabon ** Colonial heads of Gabon ***

Rulers of Orungu The combination of heredity succession to the election. The king is elected by heads of clans, among the son or brothers of King deceased mother's side. This procedure ensures that all clans have a chance to power. List of Agamwinboni (Rulers) o ...

São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe (; pt, São Tomé e Príncipe (); English: " Saint Thomas and Prince"), officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe ( pt, República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe), is a Portuguese-speaking ...

** Heads of state of São Tomé and Príncipe **

Heads of government of São Tomé and Príncipe A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may not ...

** Presidents of the Regional Government of Príncipe **Colonial Heads of São Tomé and Príncipe

Northern Africa

*Algeria **People's Democratic Republic of Algeria ***List of heads of state of Algeria, Heads of state of Algeria ***Heads of government of Algeria (''see also: ''Prime Minister of Algeria, Prime Ministers of Algeria **French Algeria (French departements) ***Colonial heads of Algeria, French Governors of Algeria **Ottoman empire, Ottoman regency of Algiers ***List of Pashas and Deys of Algiers, Ottoman Pashas and Deys of the Regency of Algiers **Tlemcen (Western Algeria) before the Ottomans ***Ziyanid dynasty **Western Ifriqiya (Eastern Algeria) before the Ottomans ***Hammadid dynasty *Egypt **List of rulers of Egypt, Rulers of Egypt **Heads of government of Egypt **List of colonial heads of Egypt, Colonial heads of Egypt **List of pharaohs, Pharaohs **List of Egyptian dynasties, Egyptian dynasties **Bahri dynasty of Egypt **Burji dynasty of Egypt **Ayyubid dynasty **Fatimid, Fatimid Caliphs **List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty, Monarchs of the Muhammad Ali Dynasty *Libya **List of heads of state of Libya, Heads of state of Libya **List of heads of government of Libya, Heads of government of Libya **Colonial heads of Libya ***Tripolitania, Colonial Heads of Tripolitania ***Colonial heads of Cyrenaica ***Colonial heads of Fezzan **Governor of Tripoli, Governors of Spanish and Hospitaller Tripoli **Pasha of Tripoli, Rulers of Ottoman Libya **Senussi, Chiefs of the Senussi order **Cyrene, Libya, Cyrene: List of kings of Cyrene, Kings of Cyrene *Morocco **List of rulers of Morocco **Heads of government of Morocco ***List of French residents-general in Morocco, French Resident Ministers in Morocco ***List of Spanish High Commissioners in Morocco, Spanish High Commissioners in Morocco ***List of administrators of the Tangier International Zone, Administrators of the Tangier International Zone **Alaouite dynasty **Saadi dynasty **Wattasid dynasty **Marinid dynasty **Almohad dynasty **Almoravid dynasty **Idrisid dynasty **President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Presidents of Western Sahara *Sudan (formerly Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian -) **List of Presidents of Sudan, Presidents of Sudan **Prime minister of Sudan, Prime Ministers of Sudan **List of Presidents of the Government of Southern Sudan, Presidents of Southern Sudan **List of Vice-Presidents of the Government of Southern Sudan, Vice-Presidents of Southern Sudan **Makuria, Kings of Makuria **Funj sultanate of Sinnar, Kings of Sennar **Kingdom of Kush, Kush ***List of monarchs of Kush, Kushite Kings ***List of Egyptian viceroys of Kush *Tunisia **List of Presidents of Tunisia, Presidents of Tunisia **Head of Government of Tunisia, Prime Ministers of Tunisia **List of Beys of Tunis, Beys of Tunis **Hafsid dynasty **Zirid dynasty **Aghlabid dynasty **Carthage: List of monarchs of Carthage, Kings of Carthage

Southern Africa

*Botswana **Heads of state of Botswana **Heads of government of Botswana **List of commissioners of Bechuanaland ***Rulers of baKgatla ***Rulers of baKwêna ***Rulers of Balete (baMalete) ***Rulers of baNgwaketse ***Rulers of Bangwato (bamaNgwato) ***Rulers of Barolong, Rulers of baRôlông ***Rulers of baTawana ***Rulers of baTlôkwa *Lesotho **List of kings of Lesotho, Kings of Lesotho **Heads of government of Lesotho *Namibia **List of Presidents of Namibia, Presidents of Namibia **Prime Minister of Namibia, Prime Ministers of Namibia *South Africa **List of Bhaca kings **Hlubi people#Hlubi kings, List of Hlubi Kings **Mpondo people#Genealogy of kings, List of Mpondo Kings **Mpondomise people#Genealogy of kings, List of Mpondomise Kings **Southern Ndebele people#Ndebele Kings, List of Ndebele Kings **Thembu people#Thembu Kingship line, List of Thembu Kings **List of rulers of the Xhosa#Xhosa Kingship Line, List of Xhosa Kings & List of Xhosa Chiefs, Chiefs **List of Zulu kings **Governor-General of the Union of South Africa, Governors-General of South Africa **State President of South Africa **Prime Minister of South Africa, Prime Ministers of South Africa **Homelands Leaders: ***Heads of state of Bophuthatswana ***Heads of state of Ciskei ***Chief Ministers of Gazankulu ***Chief Ministers of KaNgwane ***Chief Ministers of KwaNdebele ***Chief Ministers of KwaZulu ***Chief Ministers of Lebowa ***Chief Ministers of QwaQwa ***Heads of government of Transkei ***Heads of state of Transkei ***Heads of state of Venda **President of South Africa **Premier (South Africa), South African Premiers *Swaziland **List of kings of Swaziland, Kings of Swaziland **Heads of government of Swaziland

Western Africa

*Benin (former Dahomey) **Heads of state of Benin **Heads of government of Benin **Colonial heads of Benin (Dahomey), Colonial heads of Benin (Dahomey and Porto-Novo) ***Colonial heads of São João Baptista de Ajudá ***Rulers of Hogbonu (Porto-Novo), Rulers of Hogbonu (Ajashe/Porto-Novo) **Bariba states, Bariba (Borgu) states ***Rulers of the Bariba state of Kandi ***Rulers of the Bariba state of Kwande ***Rulers of the Bariba state of Nikki ***Rulers of the Bariba state of Paraku **Berba states ***Rulers of the Berba state of Gwande **Ewe states ***Rulers of the Ewe state of Agwe **Fon states ***Rulers of the Fon state of Alada, Rulers of the Fon state of Alada (Allada) ***Rulers of the Fon state of Danhome, Rulers of the Fon state of Danhome (Agbome) (Dahomey) ***Rulers of the Fon state of Savi Hweda **Gurmanche states ***Rulers of the Gurmanche state of Jugu, Rulers of the Gurmanche state of Jugu (Sugu) **Mahi states ***Rulers of the Mahi state of Fitta ***Rulers of the Mahi state of Savalu **Yoruba people, Yoruba states ***Rulers of the Yoruba state of Dassa ***Rulers of the Yoruba state of Icha ***Rulers of the Yoruba state of Ketu ***Rulers of the Yoruba state of Sabe *Burkina Faso (former Upper Volta) **Heads of state of Burkina Faso **Heads of government of Burkina Faso (''see also:'' Prime Minister of Burkina Faso ') **Colonial heads of Burkina Faso (Upper Volta) **List of rulers of Liptako **Mossi States:- ***Rulers of the Mossi state of Gurunsi ***Rulers of the Mossi state of Gwiriko ***Rulers of the Mossi state of Tenkodogo ***Rulers of the Mossi state of Wogodogo ***Rulers of the Mossi state of Yatenga ***Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilanga ***Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilayanga ***Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bongandini ***Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Con ***Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Macakoali ***Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Nungu ***Rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Piela *Cape Verde **Heads of state of Cape Verde **Heads of government of Cape Verde (''see also:'' Heads of government of Cape Verde, Prime Minister of Cape Verde ') **Colonial heads of Cape Verde *Ivory Coast **List of heads of state of Ivory Coast, Heads of state of Ivory Coast **List of heads of government of Ivory Coast, Heads of government of Ivory Coast **List of colonial governors of Ivory Coast, Colonial heads of Ivory Coast *The Gambia **Heads of state of the Gambia (''see also'' List of Governors-General of the Gambia, Governors-General of the Gambia) **Heads of government of the Gambia **Colonial Heads of the Gambia *Ghana: Rulers of Ghana **List of heads of state of Ghana, Heads of state of Ghana **Ghana Empire, Emperors of Ghana *Guinea **Heads of state of Guinea **Heads of government of Guinea **Colonial heads of Guinea *Guinea-Bissau **Heads of state of Guinea-Bissau **Heads of government of Guinea-Bissau **Colonial heads of Portuguese Guinea ***Colonial heads of Bissau ***Colonial heads of Cacheu *Liberia **President of Liberia, Presidents of Liberia **Agents and Governors of Liberia ***Colonial heads of Maryland ***Colonial heads of Mississippi ***History of Liberia, Colonial Heads of Port Cresson and Bassa Cove *Mali (former French Sudan) **Heads of state of Mali **Heads of government of Mali **Colonial heads of Mali **Emperors of Mali, see ''Mali Empire'' **Kings of Mali, see ''Mansa (title), Mansa'' **Songhai emperors, see ''Songhai Empire'' *Mauritania **Heads of state of Mauritania **Heads of government of Mauritania **Colonial heads of Mauritania *Niger **Heads of state of Niger **Heads of government of Niger *Nigeria **List of Governors-General of Nigeria, Governors-General of Nigeria **President of Nigeria#List of Presidents of Nigeria (1963–present), Presidents of Nigeria **List of heads of state of Biafra, Heads of State of Biafra **List of Sultans of Sokoto *Senegal **List of Presidents of Senegal, Presidents of Senegal *Sierra Leone **List of Governors-General of Sierra Leone, Governors-General of Sierra Leone **Heads of government of Sierra Leone, Presidents of Sierra Leone **Heads of government of Sierra Leone *Togo **List of Presidents of Togo, Heads of State of Togo **Heads of government of Togo

Americas

Caribbean

*Antigua and Barbuda **List of Governors-General of Antigua and Barbuda, Governors-General of Antigua and Barbuda **List of Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda, Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda *The Bahamas, Bahamas **List of Governors-General of the Bahamas, Governors-General of the Bahamas **Heads of government of the Bahamas **Colonial heads of the Bahamas *Barbados **List of heads of state of Barbados, Presidents of Barbados **List of Prime Ministers of Barbados, Prime Ministers of Barbados *Cuba **First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (''de facto'' leader) **List of Presidents of Cuba, Presidents of Cuba **List of Prime Ministers of Cuba, Premiers of Cuba **Colonial heads of Cuba *Dominica **List of Presidents of Dominica, Presidents of Dominica **List of Prime Ministers of Dominica, Prime Ministers of Dominica *Dominican Republic **List of Presidents of the Dominican Republic, Presidents of the Dominican Republic *Grenada **List of Governors-General of Grenada, Governors-General of Grenada **List of Prime Ministers of Grenada, Prime Ministers of Grenada **Colonial heads of Grenada **Colonial heads of the Windward Islands *Haiti **List of colonial governors of Saint-Domingue **List of heads of state of Haïti, Presidents of Haiti *Jamaica **Governor-General of Jamaica, Governors-General of Jamaica **Prime Minister of Jamaica, Prime Ministers of Jamaica *Saint Kitts and Nevis **List of Governors-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis, Governors-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis **List of Prime Ministers of Saint Kitts and Nevis, Prime Ministers of Saint Kitts and Nevis *Saint Lucia **List of Governors-General of Saint Lucia, Governors-General of Saint Lucia **List of Prime Ministers of Saint Lucia, Prime Ministers of Saint Lucia *Saint Vincent and the Grenadines **List of Governors-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Governors-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines **List of Prime Ministers of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Prime Ministers of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines *Trinidad and Tobago **List of Presidents of Trinidad and Tobago, Presidents of Trinidad and Tobago **List of Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago, Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago

Central America

*Belize **List of Governors-General of Belize, Governors-General of Belize **List of Prime Ministers of Belize, Prime Ministers of Belize **Maya rulers of Caracol, see ''Caracol'' *Costa Rica **List of Presidents of Costa Rica, Presidents of Costa Rica *El Salvador **President of El Salvador, Presidents of El Salvador *Guatemala **President of Guatemala, Presidents of Guatemala **Maya rulers of Tikal, see ''Tikal'' *Honduras **President of Honduras, Presidents of Honduras **Maya kings of Xukpi, see ''Copán'' *Nicaragua **President of Nicaragua, Presidents of Nicaragua *Panama **List of Heads of State of Panama, Presidents of Panama

North America

*Canada **Office-holders of Canada *Mexico **List of Presidents of Mexico, Presidents of Mexico **Emperor of Mexico, Mexican monarchs **Aztec emperors, see ''Huey tlatoani, Hueyi Tlatoani'' **Maya rulers of Calakmul, see ''Calakmul'' **Maya rulers of Palenque, see ''Palenque'' **Maya rulers of Tonina, see ''Toniná, Tonina'' **Toltec rulers **List of Viceroys of New Spain, Viceroys of New Spain *United States **Office-holders of the United States

South America

*Argentina **List of Heads of State of Argentina, Presidents of Argentina *Bolivia **President of Bolivia, Presidents of Bolivia *Brazil **List of Brazilian monarchs, Brazilian monarchs **List of Presidents of Brazil, Presidents of Brazil ***List of Governors of Distrito Federal, Governors of Distrito Federal ***List of Governors of Minas Gerais, Governors of Minas Gerais ****List of mayors of Belo Horizonte, Mayors of Belo Horizonte ***List of Governors of Rio de Janeiro, Governors of Rio de Janeiro ****List of mayors of Rio de Janeiro, Mayors of Rio de Janeiro ***List of Governors of São Paulo, Governors of São Paulo *Chile **List of presidents of Chile, Presidents of Chile ***Governor of Cardenal Caro Province, Governors of Cardenal Caro ****List of mayors of Pichilemu, Mayors of Pichilemu **Kings of Easter Island **Royal Governor of Chile, Royal Governors of Chile *Colombia **List of Presidents of Colombia, Presidents of Colombia ***List of Governors of the Department of Quindío *Ecuador **List of heads of state of Ecuador, Presidents of Ecuador **List of heads of state of Ecuador, Heads of State of Ecuador *Guyana **List of Governors-General of Guyana, Governors-General of Guyana **List of Presidents of Guyana, Presidents of Guyana **List of Prime Ministers of Guyana, Prime Ministers of Guyana *Paraguay **List of Presidents of Paraguay, Presidents of Paraguay *Peru **List of Presidents of Peru, Presidents of Peru **Inca Empire, Incan emperors, see ''Inca Empire'' **Viceroyalty of Peru#List of Viceroys, Viceroys of Peru *Suriname **President of Suriname#Presidents of Suriname, 1975–present, Presidents of Suriname *Uruguay **List of Presidents of Uruguay, Presidents of Uruguay *Venezuela **List of Presidents of Venezuela, Presidents of Venezuela

Asia

Central Asia

*Kazakhstan **Göktürks, Göktürk kagans **List of leaders of Kazakhstan, Presidents of Kazakhstan *Kyrgyzstan **Khans of Kara-Khitai, see ''Kara-Khitan Khanate'' **President of Kyrgyzstan, Presidents of Kyrgyzstan *Tajikistan **President of Tajikistan, Presidents of Tajikistan *Turkmenistan **President of Turkmenistan, Presidents of Turkmenistan *Uzbekistan **List of leaders of Uzbekistan, Presidents of Uzbekistan

Eastern Asia

*China & dependencies **Chinese sovereigns **Table of Chinese monarchs **People's Republic of China ***General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (paramount leader) ***President of the People's Republic of China ***Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China ***Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress ***Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference ***Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party ***Hong Kong ****Governor of Hong Kong (under British rule, now replaced by Chief Executive) ****Chief Executive of Hong Kong ***Macau ****Governor of Macau (under Portuguese rule, now replaced by Chief Executive) ****Chief Executive of Macau **Republic of China (Taiwan) ***President of the Republic of China ***Premier of the Republic of China ***Governors and Chairpersons of Taiwan, see ''Taiwan Province'' **Tibet ***Amban#List of imperial ambans in Tibet, List of imperial ambans in Tibet **Table of Chinese monarchs, The Table of Chinese monarchs China **List of emperors of Tibet, List of kings of Tibet China *Japan **List of rulers of Japan, Rulers of Japan (Emperors, Regents, Shōguns and Prime Ministers) **List of emperors of Japan, Emperors of Japan **List of prime ministers of Japan, Prime Ministers of Japan **Ashikaga shogunate **Kamakura shogunate **Tokugawa shogunate *Mongolia **List of Mongol Khans, Grand Khan of Mongolia **List of heads of state of Mongolia, Presidents of Mongolia **Prime Minister of Mongolia *Korea **List of monarchs of Korea, Rulers of Korea **North Korea ***First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (List of leaders of North Korea, supreme leader) ***List of heads of state of North Korea, Heads of state of North Korea ***List of Premiers of North Korea, Premiers of North Korea **South Korea ***President of South Korea, Presidents of South Korea ***Prime Minister of South Korea, Prime Ministers of South Korea **List of monarchs of Korea, Rulers of Korea

Southeastern Asia

*Brunei **List of Sultans of Brunei, Sultans of Brunei *Cambodia **King of Cambodia **Khmer emperors, see ''Khmer Empire'' **List of heads of state of Cambodia, Presidents of Cambodia **List of Prime Ministers of Cambodia, Prime Ministers of Cambodia *East Timor **President of East Timor, Presidents of East Timor **Prime Minister of East Timor, Prime Ministers of East Timor *Indonesia **Majapahit **Sailendra **Srivijaya **Kings of Mataram, see ''Mataram Kingdom, Kingdom of Mataram'' **List of Presidents of Indonesia, Presidents of Indonesia **Prime Minister of Indonesia, Prime Ministers of Indonesia *Laos **List of monarchs of Laos, Kings of Laos **General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (''de facto'' leader) **President of Laos, Presidents of Laos **Prime Minister of Laos, Prime Ministers of Laos *Malaysia **Yang di-Pertuan Agong **Prime Minister of Malaysia, Prime Ministers of Malaysia **Sultans of Malay states, example see ''Malacca Sultanate, Sultanate of Malacca'' *Myanmar **List of Burmese monarchs, Kings of Myanmar **List of Presidents of Myanmar, Presidents of Myanmar **Prime Minister of Myanmar, Prime Ministers of Myanmar **State Counsellor of Myanmar *Philippines **Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines, Royal Governor of the Philippines **American Governor-General of the Philippines **President of the Philippines, Presidents of the Philippines **Datus, Rajas, and Sultans of various historical polities within the Philippine Islands, see ''History of the Philippines'' ***List of sultans of Sulu, Sultans of the Sulu Sultanate **List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines *Singapore **President of Singapore **Prime Minister of Singapore *Thailand **List of Kings of Thailand, Kings of Thailand **House of Chakri, Chakri dynasty **Kings of Ayutthaya, see ''Ayutthaya Kingdom, Ayutthaya kingdom'' **Kings of Haripunchai, see ''Hariphunchai, Haripunchai'' **Kings of Lanna, see ''Lanna'' **Kings of Sukhothai, see ''Sukhothai Kingdom, Sukhothai kingdom'' **List of Prime Ministers of Thailand, Prime Ministers of Thailand **President of the National Assembly of Thailand, Presidents of the National Assembly of Thailand **Leader of the Opposition (Thailand), Leaders of the Opposition of Thailand **Bangkok Metropolitan Administration#List of Governors, Governors of Bangkok *Vietnam **History of Vietnam, Vietnamese dynasties **List of Vietnamese monarchs, Kings of Vietnam **General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (''de facto'' leader) **President of Vietnam **Prime Minister of Vietnam **List of Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly of Vietnam, Chairman of National Assembly of Vietnam **Chief Justice of Vietnam

South Asia

*Afghanistan **List of Afghan Transitional Administration personnel, Afghan Transitional Administration personnel **List of leaders of Afghanistan, Leaders of Afghanistan **Prime Minister of Afghanistan#List of prime ministers, Prime ministers of Afghanistan ***Rulers of Kabul ***Rulers of Herat ***Rulers of Kandahar ***Rulers of Peshawar ***Rulers of Ghazni **Ghaznavid emperors, see ''Ghaznavids, Ghaznavid Empire'' **Kabul Shahi (disambiguation), Kabul Shahi dynasty *** Turk Shahi dynasty *** Hindu Shahi dynasty *Bangladesh **List of Presidents of Bangladesh, Presidents of Bangladesh **Prime Minister of Bangladesh, Prime Ministers of Bangladesh *Bhutan **List of rulers of Bhutan, Kings of Bhutan **List of Prime Ministers of Bhutan, Prime Ministers of Bhutan *India *: **List of Indian monarchs **List of presidents of India **List of prime ministers of India **List of Governors of India, Governors, Lieutenant Governors and Administrators of Indian States and Union Territories **Chief Minister (India), Chief Ministers of Indian States *Maldives **List of sultans of the Maldives, Sultans of the Maldives **President of the Maldives, Presidents of the Maldives *Nepal **List of monarchs of Nepal **List of Prime Ministers of Nepal, Prime Ministers of Nepal *Pakistan **List of Presidents of Pakistan, Presidents of Pakistan **List of Prime Ministers of Pakistan, Prime Ministers of Pakistan *Sri Lanka **List of Presidents of Sri Lanka, Presidents of Sri Lanka **List of Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka, Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka

Western Asia

*Armenia **List of Kings of Urartu, Kings of Urartu **List of Armenian Kings **List of rulers of Commagene, Kings of Kommagene **Shaddadid dynasty **President of Armenia **Prime Minister of Armenia *Azerbaijan **Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania **Mihranids **President of Azerbaijan, Presidents of Azerbaijan **Prime Minister of Azerbaijan, Prime Ministers of Azerbaijan **President of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, Presidents of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic *Bahrain **King of Bahrain, Monarchs of Bahrain *Cyprus **Kingdom of Cyprus, Kings of Cyprus ***Officers of the Kingdom of Cyprus **President of Cyprus, Presidents of Cyprus **President of Northern Cyprus, Presidents of Northern Cyprus **List of Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus, Prime Ministers of Northern Cyprus *Georgia (country), Georgia **Lists of Georgian monarchs **Colchis **Kingdom of Abkhazia ***Divan of the Abkhazian Kings **List of sovereigns of Kakheti **Kingdom of Imereti *** Gurieli **Emirate of Tbilisi, Emirs of Tbilisi **List of leaders of Georgia **Prime Minister of Georgia **Chairman of the Government of Adjara **President of Abkhazia, Presidents of Abkhazia **Prime Minister of Abkhazia, Prime Ministers of Abkhazia **President of South Ossetia, Presidents of South Ossetia **Prime Minister of South Ossetia, Prime Ministers of South Ossetia *Iran **List of heads of state of Iran **List of monarchs of Persia **Supreme Leader of Iran **List of presidents of Iran **List of Premiers of Iran (1699–1907), List of premiers of Iran **List of prime ministers of Iran *Iraq **Sumer ***List of Mesopotamian dynasties **Akkadian Empire, Akkad ***Kings of Akkad **Gutian dynasty of Sumer, Gutian kings **Kings of Assyria **List of kings of Babylon, Kings of Babylon **Rulers of Adiabene **Abbasid, Abbasid Caliphs **Annazid dynasty **List of Kings of Iraq, Kings of Iraq **List of Presidents of Iraq, Presidents of Iraq **List of Prime Ministers of Iraq, Prime Ministers of Iraq **Civilian Administrator of Iraq *Israel **Prime Minister of Israel **President of Israel **History of ancient Israel and Judah, Rulers of Israel and Judah **Kingdom of Israel (Samaria), Kings of Israel **Kingdom of Judah, Kings of Judah **List of High Priests of Israel, High Priests of Israel **Crusader states, Crusader States **Kings of Jerusalem ***Vassals of the Kingdom of Jerusalem ****Principality of Galilee, Princes of Galilee *****Toron, Lords of Toron ****County of Jaffa and Ascalon, Counts of Jaffa and Ascalon *****Lordship of Ramla, Lords of Ramla *****Lordship of Ibelin, Lords of Ibelin ****Oultrejordain, Lords of Oultrejordain ****Lordship of Sidon, Lords of Sidon ***Officers of the Kingdom of Jerusalem **President of the Palestinian National Authority, Presidents of the Palestinian National Authority **Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority, Prime Ministers of the Palestinian National Authority *Jordan (formerly Transjordan) **List of kings of Jordan, Kings of Jordan **Rulers of Nabatea *Kuwait **List of emirs of Kuwait, Emirs of Kuwait **House of Al-Sabah, Al-Sabah *Lebanon **List of Presidents of Lebanon, Presidents of Lebanon **List of Prime Ministers of Lebanon, Prime Ministers of Lebanon **List of speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon, Speakers of the Parliament of Lebanon *Oman (formerly Muscat (and Oman)) **History of Oman, Sultans of Oman *Qatar **List of emirs of Qatar, Emirs of Qatar *Saudi Arabia **Sharif of Mecca **List of kings of Saudi Arabia, Kings of Saudi Arabia *Syria **List of Presidents of Syria, Presidents of Syria **List of Prime Ministers of Syria, Prime Ministers of Syria **King of Syria, Kings of Syria **Osroene **Rulers of Damascus **Zengid dynasty **County of Edessa, Counts of Edessa **Principality of Antioch, Princes of Antioch ***Officers of the Principality of Antioch **Emirs of Shaizar **Ghassanids, Ghassanid kings **Rulers of Aleppo **Mitanni, Hanilgalbat: Kings of Hanilgabat, see ''Mitanni, Hanilgalbat'' and ''Mitanni'' **Ugarit, Kings of Ugarit *Turkey **List of Hittite kings **Kings of Arzawa **List of Kings of Lydia, Kings of Lydia **List of rulers of Bithynia, Kings of Bithynia **List of Kings of Cappadocia, Kings of Cappadocia **Attalid dynasty, Attalid Kings of Pergamon **List of Kings of Pontus, Kings of Pontus ***Pharnacid Dynasty **List of Kings of Galatia, Kings of Galatia **List of Byzantine Emperors, Byzantine Emperors ***Tetrarchy **List of Latin Emperors **Empire of Trebizond **Sultanate of Rûm, Seljuk sultans of Rüm **Anatolian beyliks **List of Sultans of the Ottoman Empire **List of Prime Ministers of Turkey, Prime Ministers of Turkey **List of Presidents of Turkey, Presidents of Turkey *United Arab Emirates **List of Prime Ministers of the United Arab Emirates, Prime Ministers of the United Arab Emirates **President of the United Arab Emirates, Presidents of the United Arab Emirates *Yemen **List of Presidents of Yemen, Presidents of Yemen **Prime Minister of Yemen, Prime Ministers of Yemen **President of Yemen Arab Republic, Presidents of North Yemen **Prime Minister of Yemen Arab Republic, Prime Ministers of North Yemen **President of People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, Presidents of South Yemen **Prime Minister of South Yemen, Prime Ministers of South Yemen

Europe

Eastern Europe

*Belarus **List of rulers of Belarus, List of Belarusian rulers *Moldova **President of Moldova, Presidents of Moldova **List of Prime Ministers of Moldova, Prime Ministers of Moldova **Governor of Gagauzia, Governors of Gagauzia **President of Transnistria, Presidents of Transnistria **Prime Minister of Transnistria, Prime Ministers of Transnistria *Romania **List of Dacian kings, Dacian kings **List of rulers of Wallachia, Rulers of Wallachia **List of rulers of Moldavia, Rulers of Moldavia **Rulers of Transylvania **List of heads of state of Romania **List of Prime Ministers of Romania, Prime Ministers of Romania *Russia and the Soviet Union **List of leaders of Russia **List of Russian monarchs **List of leaders of the Soviet Union, Leaders of the Soviet Union **President of the Soviet Union **Premier of the Soviet Union **List of presidents of Russia, Presidents of Russia **List of heads of government of Russia, Prime Ministers of Russia **Khans of the Golden Horde **List of Kazan khans **List of Khazar rulers **Grand Duke of Kiev, Rulers of Kievan Rus' **Grand Prince of Tver *Ukraine **Grand Duke of Kiev, Rulers of Kievan Rus' **List of rulers of Halych and Volhynia **Hetmans of Ukrainian Cossacks **List of Crimean khans **List of Presidents of Ukraine, Presidents of Ukraine **List of Prime Ministers of Ukraine, Prime Ministers of Ukraine

Northern Europe

*Denmark **List of Danish monarchs, Danish monarchs **List of Prime Ministers of Denmark, Prime Ministers of Denmark **List of legendary kings of Denmark **Faroe Islands **List of Faroese monarchs, Faroese monarchs **Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands, Prime Ministers of the Faroe Islands **List of Governors of the Faroe Islands, Governor of the Faroe Islands **Greenland **List of Prime Ministers of Greenland, Prime Ministers of Greenland **List of Governors of Greenland, Governors of Greenland **List of Inspectors of Greenland, Inspectors of Greenland *Estonia **Rulers of Estonia, Estonian rulers **List of heads of government of Estonia, Heads of government of Estonia **President of Estonia, Presidents of Estonia **Head of State of Estonia, State Elders of Estonia *Finland **List of Prime Ministers of Finland, Prime Ministers of Finland **List of Presidents of Finland, Presidents of Finland **List of Finnish monarchs, Finnish rulers **Provincial Governors of Finland **Lantråd, Premiers of Åland *Iceland **President of Iceland, Presidents of Iceland **Prime Minister of Iceland, Prime Ministers of Iceland **List of rulers of Iceland, Icelandic rulers **List of lawspeakers, see Lawspeaker *Ireland: Rulers of Ireland *Latvia **List of Presidents of Latvia, Presidents of Latvia **Prime Minister of Latvia, Prime Ministers of Latvia *Lithuania **List of Lithuanian rulers **List of Lithuanian rulers, Presidents of Lithuania **Prime Minister of Lithuania, Prime Ministers of Lithuania *Norway **List of Norwegian monarchs, Norwegian monarchs ***Line of succession to the Norwegian Throne **List of legendary kings of Norway, Legendary kings of Norway **Heads of government of Norway, Norwegian Prime Ministers *Sweden **List of Swedish monarchs, Swedish monarchs **List of Prime Ministers of Sweden, Prime Ministers of Sweden **List of Swedish Field Marshals, Swedish Field Marshals **List of County Governors of Sweden, County Governors of Sweden **Semi-legendary kings of Sweden, Swedish semi-legendary kings **Mythical kings of Sweden, Mythological kings of Sweden **King of the Geats, Kings of Geatland *List of Blekinge Governors, Blekinge Governors *List of Dalarna Governors, Dalarna Governors *List of Gävleborg Governors, Gävleborg Governors *List of Gotland Governors, Gotland Governors *List of Halland Governors, Halland Governors *List of Jämtland Governors, Jämtland Governors *List of Jönköping Governors, Jönköping Governors *List of Kalmar County Governors, Kalmar Governors *List of Kronoberg Governors, Kronoberg Governors *List of Norrbotten Governors, Norrbotten Governors *List of Skåne Governors, Skåne Governors *List of Stockholm Governors, Stockholm Governors *List of Södermanland Governors, Södermanland Governors *List of Uppsala Governors, Uppsala Governors *List of Värmland Governors, Värmland Governors *List of Västerbotten Governors, Västerbotten Governors *List of Västernorrland Governors, Västernorrland Governors *List of Västmanland Governors, Västmanland Governors *List of Västra Götaland Governors, Västra Götaland Governors *List of Örebro Governors, Örebro Governors *List of Östergötland Governors, Östergötland Governors *United Kingdom: List of rulers of the United Kingdom and predecessor states

Central Europe

*Austria **List of rulers of Austria, Rulers of Austria **Emperor of Austria, Emperors of Austria **List of Foreign Ministers of Austria-Hungary, Foreign Ministers of Austria-Hungary **List of Ministers-President of Austria, Ministers-President of Austria **List of Federal Presidents of Austria, Federal Presidents of Austria **List of Chancellors of Austria, Chancellors of Austria (Vice-Chancellor of Austria, Vice Chancellors of Austria) **House of Habsburg, Habsburg **House of Babenberg, Babenberg **List of rulers of Austria, Margraves, dukes, and archdukes of Austria **Dukes of Styria, see ''Duchy of Styria, Styria (duchy)'' **Dukes of Carinthia, see ''Duchy of Carinthia, Carinthia (duchy)'' *Czech Republic **List of rulers of Bohemia, Rulers of Bohemia (Czech lands) **List of presidents of Czechoslovakia **List of prime ministers of Czechoslovakia ** List of rulers of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia **List of presidents of the Czech Republic, Presidents of the Czech Republic **List of Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic, Prime Ministers of the Czech Republic *Germany: Rulers of Germany *Hungary **List of Hungarian rulers **List of heads of state of Hungary **List of Prime Ministers of Hungary, Prime Ministers of Hungary *Liechtenstein **List of princes of Liechtenstein, Princes of Liechtenstein **List of Liechtenstein Heads of Government, Liechtenstein Heads of Government *Poland **List of Polish monarchs, Polish rulers **Dukes of Silesia **Dukes of Masovia, Dukes of Mazovia **Dukes of Greater Poland **Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca, Dukes of Łęczyca **Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca, Dukes of Sieradz **Duchy of Teschen, Duchy of Cieszyn **Dukes of Pomerania **List of prime ministers of Poland **List of Polish presidents *Slovakia **List of Presidents of Slovakia, Presidents of Slovakia **List of Prime Ministers of Slovakia, Prime Ministers of Slovakia **List of leaders of Slovak parliaments, Parliament leaders of Slovakia *Switzerland **List of members of the Swiss Federal Council, Members of the Swiss Federal Council ***List of Presidents of the Swiss Confederation, Presidents of the Confederation ***Heads of the Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, see ''Military of Switzerland#Defence ministers, Military of Switzerland'' ***Heads of the Department of Foreign Affairs: see ''International relations of Switzerland#List of ministers, International relations of Switzerland'' ***Heads of the Federal Department of Home Affairs (Switzerland), Department of Home Affairs ***Heads of the Federal Department of Finance ***Heads of the Federal Department of Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications ***Heads of the Federal Department of Economic Affairs ***Heads of the Federal Department of Justice and Police **List of Federal Chancellors of Switzerland, Federal Chancellors of Switzerland **Presidents of the National Council of Switzerland, Presidents of the Swiss National Council **List of Presidents of the Swiss Council of States, Presidents of the Swiss Council of States **List of members of the Swiss National Council (2003–2007), Members of the Swiss National Council **List of members of the Swiss Council of States, Members of the Swiss Council of States **List of Chief Justices of the Swiss Supreme Court, Chief Justices of the Swiss Supreme Court **List of Presidents of the Swiss Diet, Presidents of the Swiss Diet (before 1848)

Southern Europe

*Albania **List of rulers of Illyria **List of Albanian monarchs, Monarchs of Albania **List of Prime Ministers of Albania, Prime Ministers of Albania **List of Presidents of Albania, Presidents of Albania *Andorra **List of Co-Princes of Andorra, Co-Princes of Andorra ***Diocese of Urgell, Bishop of Urgell **List of heads of government of Andorra, Prime Ministers of Andorra *Bosnia and Herzegovina **List of rulers of Bosnia **Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Members of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina **Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Prime Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina *Bulgaria **Thracian kings **Odrysian kingdom, Kings of Odrysia **Moesia: Roman governors of Lower Moesia **List of Bulgarian monarchs, Bulgarian monarchs **List of Prime Ministers of Bulgaria, Prime Ministers of Bulgaria **List of Presidents of Bulgaria, Presidents of Bulgaria *Croatia **List of rulers of Croatia **List of Presidents of Croatia, Presidents of Croatia **List of Prime Ministers of Croatia, Prime Ministers of Croatia ***Governors and Heads of State of Fiume ***Heads of state of Krajina ***Heads of government of Krajina *Greece: Rulers of Greece *Italy: Rulers of Italy *Kosovo **President of Kosovo, Presidents of Kosovo **Prime Minister of Kosovo *North Macedonia **President of North Macedonia, Presidents of North Macedonia **Prime Minister of North Macedonia, Prime Ministers of North Macedonia *Malta **List of heads of state of Malta, Presidents of Malta, 1974–present **List of Prime Ministers of Malta, Prime Ministers of Malta, 1921–1933, 1947–1958, 1962–present **Monarchs of Malta, 1091–1798, 1800–1974 **List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller, Grand Masters of Malta, 1530–1798 **List of Civil Commissioners of Malta, Civil Commissioners of Malta, 1799–1813 **List of Governors of Malta, Governors of Malta, 1813–1964 **List of Governors-General of Malta, Governors-General of Malta, 1964–1974 *Montenegro **List of rulers of Montenegro, Rulers of Montenegro **List of presidents of Montenegro **Prime Minister of Montenegro *Portugal **List of Portuguese monarchs, Portuguese monarchs **List of Dukes of Braganza, Dukes of Braganza **Princes of Beira **List of Prime Ministers of Portugal, Prime Ministers of Portugal **List of Presidents of Portugal, Presidents of Portugal **List of Portuguese monarchs *San Marino **List of Captains Regent of San Marino, Captains Regent of San Marino, 1900–present **List of Captains Regent of San Marino, 1700–1900, Captains Regent of San Marino, 1700–1900 **List of Captains Regent of San Marino, 1500–1700, Captains Regent of San Marino, 1500–1700 **List of Captains Regent of San Marino, 1243–1500, Captains Regent of San Marino, 1243–1500 *Serbia **List of Presidents of Serbia, Presidents of Serbia **List of Prime Ministers of Serbia, Prime Ministers of Serbia **President of the Government of Vojvodina **List of heads of state of Yugoslavia **Prime Minister of Yugoslavia **President of Serbia and Montenegro **Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro **List of Serbian monarchs, Monarchs of Serbia **Principality of Zeta, Princes of Zeta *Slovenia **President of Slovenia, Presidents of Slovenia **Prime Minister of Slovenia *Spain **Rulers of Spain **President of the Republic (Spain), Presidents of Spain **List of Prime Ministers of Spain, Prime Ministers of Spain *Vatican City **List of popes, Popes **Cardinal Secretary of State

Western Europe

*Belgium **Monarchy of Belgium, Belgian monarchs **List of Prime Ministers of Belgium, Prime Ministers of Belgium **Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands **Minister-President of the Brussels-Capital Region **List of Ministers-President of the Flemish Community **List of Ministers-President of the Walloon Region **List of Ministers-President of the French Community **List of Ministers-President of the German-speaking Community *France: List of rulers of France, Rulers of France *Luxembourg **List of Prime Ministers of Luxembourg, Prime Ministers of Luxembourg **List of Grand Dukes of Luxembourg, Grand Duke of Luxembourg **Counts, Dukes and Grand Dukes of Luxembourg, List of Counts and Dukes of Luxembourg *Monaco **List of rulers of Monaco, Princes of Monaco ***Line of succession to the Monegasque Throne, Succession to the Monegasque Throne **Minister of State (Monaco), Ministers of State **National Council (Monaco), Prime Ministers of Monaco *Netherlands **Monarchy of the Netherlands, Dutch monarchy **List of Prime Ministers of the Netherlands, Prime Ministers of the Netherlands **List of rulers of the Netherlands **Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands **Low Countries (Netherlands, Belgium): **List of Counts of Ostfriesland, Rulers of East Frisia **Rulers of Frisia **Princes of Orange, Prince of Orange **Dukes of Brabant, Duke of Brabant **Lords and margraves of Bergen op Zoom **Guelders, Dukes and counts of Guelders **List of rulers of Lorraine, Duke of Lower Lorraine **Count of Bouillon **Counts of Flanders, Count of Flanders **Counts of Hainaut, Count of Hainaut **Count of Holland **Counts of Leuven **Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Utrecht, Bishop of Utrecht **Marquis of Namur

Oceania

Australasia

*Australia **List of Australian monarchs, Monarchs of Australia **List of Governors-General of Australia, Governors-General of Australia **Cabinet of Australia ***List of Prime Ministers of Australia, Prime Ministers of Australia ***Deputy Prime Minister of Australia, Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia ***Attorney-General for Australia, Attorneys General for Australia ***Minister for Defence (Australia), Ministers for Defence ***Minister for Foreign Affairs (Australia), Ministers for Foreign Affairs ***Treasurer of Australia, Treasurers of Australia *Premiers of New South Wales *Premiers of Queensland *Premiers of South Australia *Premiers of Tasmania *Premiers of Victoria *Premier of Western Australia *Heads of government of Norfolk Island *Chief Minister of the Northern Territory *Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory *Governors of New South Wales *Governors of Queensland *Governors of South Australia *Governors of Tasmania *Governors of Victoria *Governor of Western Australia *Administrative heads of Norfolk Island, Administrative Heads of Norfolk Island *Administrator of the Northern Territory *Administrative heads of Jervis Bay, Administrative Heads of Jervis Bay *Administrative heads of Australian Antarctic Territory, Administrative Heads of Australian Antarctic Territory *Administrative heads of Macquarie Island, Administrative Heads of Macquarie Island *Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cocos Islands **King of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, King of the Cocos Islands *New Zealand **List of Governors-General of New Zealand, Governors-General of New Zealand **New Zealand Cabinet ***List of Prime Ministers of New Zealand, Prime Ministers of New Zealand ***Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand, Deputy Prime Ministers of New Zealand ***Minister of Finance (New Zealand), Ministers of Finance ***Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand), Ministers of Foreign Affairs **Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives, Speakers of the House of Representatives **Māori King Movement, Māori Kings and Queens *Mayor of Auckland, Mayors of Auckland *Mayor of Christchurch, Mayors of Christchurch *Mayor of Dunedin, Mayors of Dunedin *Mayor of Wellington, Mayors of Wellington

Melanesia

*Fiji **Chairman of the Great Council of Chiefs, Chairmen of Fiji's Great Council of Chiefs **Chief Justice of Fiji **Governor of Fiji, Colonial Governors of Fiji **Head of State of Fiji, Fijian Heads of State **Minister for Foreign Affairs (Fiji), Foreign Ministers of Fiji **Governor-General of Fiji, Governors-General of Fiji **House of Representatives of Fiji (abolished in 2013) **Minister for iTaukei Affairs, Ministers for Fijian Affairs **President of Fiji, Presidents of Fiji **Prime Minister of Fiji, Prime Ministers of Fiji **Senate of Fiji (abolished in 2013) **Speaker of the House of Representatives of Fiji, Speakers of the Fijian House of Representatives **Vice-President of Fiji, Vice-Presidents of Fiji *Papua New Guinea **Governor-General of Papua New Guinea **List of Prime Ministers of Papua New Guinea, Prime Ministers of Papua New Guinea *Solomon Islands **Governor-General of Solomon Islands **Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands *Vanuatu **President of Vanuatu **Prime Minister of Vanuatu

Micronesia

*Kiribati **President of Kiribati *Marshall Islands **List of Presidents of the Marshall Islands, Presidents of the Marshall Islands *Federated States of Micronesia **President of the Federated States of Micronesia *Nauru **President of Nauru *Palau **President of Palau

Polynesia

*Cook Islands **Prime Minister of the Cook Islands, Prime Ministers of the Cook Islands *Niue **Premier of Niue, Premiers of Niue *Samoa **O le Ao o le Malo, Samoan Heads of State ***Malietoa **List of the Council of Deputies of Samoa, Members of the Council of Deputies of Samoa **Prime Minister of Samoa, Prime Ministers of Samoa **Chief Justice (Samoa), Chief Justice of Samoa **List of Finance Ministers of Samoa, Finance Ministers of Samoa **List of Foreign Affairs Ministers of Samoa, Foreign Affairs Ministers of Samoa **List of Health Ministers of Samoa, Health Ministers of Samoa **List of Education Ministers of Samoa, Education Ministers of Samoa **List of Public Works Ministers of Samoa, Public Works Ministers of Samoa **National Legislative Assembly (Samoa), Fono Aoao Faitulafono o Samoa - current membership (2006) *Tonga **List of monarchs of Tonga, Kings of Tonga **Prime Minister of Tonga, Prime Ministers of Tonga *Tuvalu **Governor-General of Tuvalu, Governor-Generals of Tuvalu **Prime Minister of Tuvalu, Prime Ministers of Tuvalu

Religious leaders

Christian

*List of current Christian leaders :*Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops, List of Patriarchs, Archbishops and Bishops

Catholic Church

*List of popes **List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller, Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller ***List of the priors of St John of Jerusalem in England, Priors of St John of Jerusalem in England

Anglican Communion

*List of Archbishops of Canterbury *List of Primates in the Anglican Communion, Anglican Primates

Other denominations

*General of The Salvation Army *Moderator of the United Church of Canada *President of the Church (LDS Church), President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints *List of Ecumenical Patriarchs of Constantinople, Patriarchs of Constantinople

Judaism

*List of Chief Rabbis of the United Hebrew Congregations, Chief Rabbis of the United Kingdom *Chief Rabbinate of Israel, Chief Rabbis of Israel

Hinduism

*Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh *Arya Samaja

Islam

*Caliphate *Imamah (Shi'a doctrine), Shi'a Imam

Buddhist

*Dalai Lama *Panchen Lama *Karmapa *Shamarpa *Sakya Trizin *Supreme Patriarch of Thailand *Supreme Patriarch of Cambodia

Other lists

* List of the oldest living state leaders * List of current governments * List of current vice presidents and designated acting presidents * List of current presidents of legislatures

Ministers by portfolio

*Defence minister *Finance minister *Foreign minister *Interior minister *Justice minister

Municipal leaders

External links

Current Heads of StateArchontology, by Oleg SchultzRulers, by B. Schemmel
- detailed lists (including regional and religious leaders) from 1700.
World Statesmen, by Ben Cahoon
{{DEFAULTSORT:Office holders Lists of office-holders,