Sovereign states

A

* Afghanistan – Emirate of Afghanistan *

Agadez Agadez ( Air Tamajeq: ⴰⴶⴰⴷⴰⵣ, ''Agadaz''), formerly spelled Agadès, is the fifth largest city in Niger, with a population of 110,497 based on the 2012 census. The capital of Agadez Region, it lies in the Sahara desert, and is also ...

– Tenere Sultanate of Aïr *

Andorra , image_flag = Flag of Andorra.svg , image_coat = Coat of arms of Andorra.svg , symbol_type = Coat of arms , national_motto = la, Virtus Unita Fortior, label=none (Latin)"United virtue is stro ...

– Principality of Andorra * Ankole – Kingdom of Ankole * Angoche – Angoche Sultanate * – Argentine Republic * Aro – Aro Confederacy * – Asante Union * Aussa – Sultanate of Aussa * – Austro-Hungarian Empire

B

* Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi * Bali – Kingdom of Bali *

Baol The Kingdom of Baol or Bawol in central Senegal was one of the kingdoms that arose from the split-up of the Empire of Jolof (Diolof) in 1555. The ruler ( Teigne or Teen) reigned from a capital in Diourbel. The Kingdom encompassed a strip of l ...

– Kingdom of Baol * – Kingdom of Barotseland * – Kingdom of Belgium * – Benin Empire *

Bhutan Bhutan (; dz, འབྲུག་ཡུལ་, Druk Yul ), officially the Kingdom of Bhutan,), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is situated in the Eastern Himalayas, between China in the north and India in the south. A mountainou ...

– Kingdom of Bhutan * Biu – Biu Kingdom * – Republic of Bolivia * Bora Bora – Kingdom of Bora Bora * Bornu – Bornu Empire *

Brakna Brakna ( ar, ولاية البراكنة) is a region in south-west Mauritania. Its capital is Aleg. Other major cities/towns include Boghé. The region borders the Mauritanian regions of Tagant to the north-east, Assaba and Gorgol to the sou ...

– Brakna Emirate * → → **

Empire of Brazil The Empire of Brazil was a 19th-century state that broadly comprised the territories which form modern Brazil and (until 1828) Uruguay. Its government was a representative parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the rule of Emperors Dom ...

(to November 15, 1889) ** Republic of the United States of Brazil (from November 15, 1889) *

Brunei Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi: , ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely surrounded by t ...

– Sultanate of Brunei (to 1888) * Buganda – Kingdom of Buganda * Bulgaria – Principality of Bulgaria * Bulungan (to 1880) *

Bunyoro Bunyoro or Bunyoro-Kitara is a Bantu kingdom in Western Uganda. It was one of the most powerful kingdoms in Central and East Africa from the 13th century to the 19th century. It is ruled by the King ('' Omukama'') of Bunyoro-Kitara. The cur ...

– Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara * Burma – Kingdom of Burma (to 1885) * Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi (to November 8, 1884) * Busoga – Kingdom of Busoga

C

* – Dominion of Canada * Champasak – Kingdom of Champasak * – Republic of Chile * → – Great Qing * Chokwe – Chokwe Kingdom * Chukchi * Colombia **

United States of Colombia United States of Colombia () was the name adopted in 1863 by the for the Granadine Confederation, after years of civil war. Colombia became a federal state itself composed of nine "sovereign states.” It comprised the present-day nations ...

(to 1886) **

Republic of Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Cari ...

(from 1886) * Congo **

International Association of the Congo The International Association of the Congo (french: Association internationale du Congo), also known as the International Congo Society, was an association founded on 17 November 1879 by Leopold II of Belgium to further his interests in the Con ...

(to July 1, 1885) ** Congo Free State (from July 1, 1885) * – Republic of Costa Rica

D

Dagbon The Kingdom of Dagbon is one of the oldest and most organised traditional kingdoms in Ghana founded by the Dagomba people (Dagbamba) in the 11th century. During its rise, it comprised, at various points, the Northern, Upper West, Upper East and ...

– Kingdom of Dagbon * Dahomey – Kingdom of Dahomey * Dai Nam – Dai Nam Realm (to August 25, 1883) * – Kingdom of Denmark * Dhala *

E

* – Republic of Ecuador * El Salvador – El Salvador * – Ethiopian Empire

F

* Fadhli – Fadhli Sultanate (to 1888) * France – French Republic * Futa Jallon – Imamate of Futa Jallon

G

* Garo – Kingdom of Garo (to 1883) * Gaza – Gaza Empire * Geledi – Geledi Sultanate * Gera – Kingdom of Gera (to 1887) * – German Empire * Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma (to 1886) *

Gowa Gowa ('' Makassar language : '') is a regency in the province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. It has an area of 1,883.33 km2 and a population of 652,329 at the 2010 census, increasing to 765,836 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at m ...

* Greece – Kingdom of Greece * Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala * Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma (to 1885) *

Gyaaman Gyaman (also spelled Jamang, Gyaaman) was a medieval Akan people state, located in what is now the Bono region of Ghana and Ivory Coast. Gyaman was founded by the Bono people, a branch of the Akan, in the late 15th century. The Bono then proceed ...

– State of Gyaaman

H

* Ha'il – Emirate of Ha'il * – Republic of Haiti * Et harrar

Harar – Emirate of Harar (to 1887) * Hawaii – Kingdom of Hawaii * – Republic of Honduras * Huahine – Kingdom of Huahine * Hunza – State of Hunza

I

* Igala – Igala Kingdom *

Igara The Igálá are one of the ethnic groups found in Nigeria. The Igala played significant roles in the formation of Nigeria having been made host to the capital of Nigeria at Lokoja in the past, with Lugard as the Governor. The Igala Kingdom expa ...

– Kingdom of Igara * Ilé-Ifẹ̀ – Ilé-Ifẹ̀ Kingdom *

Isaaq The Isaaq (also Isaq, Ishaak, Isaac) ( so, Reer Sheekh Isxaaq, ar, بني إسحاق, Banī Isḥāq) is a Somali clan. It is one of the major Somali clans in the Horn of Africa, with a large and densely populated traditional territory. Pe ...

– Isaaq Sultanate (to 1884) * Italy – Kingdom of Italy

J

* Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero * – Empire of Japan * Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma (to 1884) * Johor – Sultanate of Johor (to December 11, 1885) * – Jolof Kingdom (to 1889) *

K

* Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa * Kajara – Kajara Kingdom *

Kakongo Kakongo was a small kingdom located on the Atlantic coast of Central Africa, in the modern-day Republic of the Congo and Cabinda Province, Angola. Along with its neighboring kingdoms of Ngoyo and Loango, Kakongo became an important political c ...

– Kingdom of Kakongo (to 1885) *

Kano Kano may refer to: Places *Kano State, a state in Northern Nigeria * Kano (city), a city in Nigeria, and the capital of Kano State **Kingdom of Kano, a Hausa kingdom between the 10th and 14th centuries **Sultanate of Kano, a Hausa kingdom between ...

– Emirate of Kano * Kasanje – Jaga Kingdom *

Kathiri Kathiri ( ar, ٱلْكَثِيْرِي, al-Kathīrī), officially the Kathiri State of Seiyun ( ar, ٱلسَّلْطَنَة ٱلْكَثِيْرِيَّة - سَيْؤُوْن, al-Salṭanah al-Kathīrīyah - Sayʾūn), was a sultanate in the ...

* Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom * Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso (to 1880) * Kong – Kong Empire * Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo * → → → → → → Korea – Kingdom of Great Joseon * Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya * Kuba – Kingdom of Kuba (to 1884)

L

* Lafia Beri-Beri – Lafia Beri-Beri Kingdom * – Republic of Liberia * – Principality of Liechtenstein *

Limmu-Ennarea The Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the 19th century. It shared its eastern border with the Kingdom of Jimma, its southern border with the Kingdom of Gomma and its western border wi ...

– Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea * Loango – Kingdom of Loango (to 1883) *

Lower Yafa Lower Yafa, Lower Yafa'i ( '), or the Sultanate of Lower Yafa ( ar, سلطنة يافع السفلى ''),'' was a state in the British Aden Protectorate. Lower Yafa was ruled by the Al Afifi dynasty and its capital was at Jaar. This former sult ...

– Sultanate of Lower Yafa * Luba – Luba Empire (to 1889) * Lunda – Lunda Empire (to 1887) * – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

M

* Maguindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao * Mahra *

Maldives Maldives (, ; dv, ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ, translit=Dhivehi Raajje, ), officially the Republic of Maldives ( dv, ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގެ ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ, translit=Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa, label=none, ), is an archipelag ...

– Sultanate of Maldives (to 1887) *

Mangareva Mangareva is the central and largest island of the Gambier Islands in French Polynesia. It is surrounded by smaller islands: Taravai in the southwest, Aukena and Akamaru in the southeast, and islands in the north. Mangareva has a permanent p ...

– Kingdom of Mangareva (to February 21, 188a) *

Manipur Manipur () ( mni, Kangleipak) is a state in Northeast India, with the city of Imphal as its capital. It is bounded by the Indian states of Nagaland to the north, Mizoram to the south and Assam to the west. It also borders two regions of ...

– Kingdom of Manipur *

Maravi Maravi was a kingdom which straddled the current borders of Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia, in the 16th century. The present-day name " Maláŵi" is said to derive from the Chewa word "malaŵí", which means "flames". History At its greatest ex ...

– Kingdom of Maravi *

Matabeleland Matabeleland is a region located in southwestern Zimbabwe that is divided into three provinces: Matabeleland North, Bulawayo, and Matabeleland South. These provinces are in the west and south-west of Zimbabwe, between the Limpopo and Zambezi ...

– Matabele Kingdom * Mbunda – Mbunda Kingdom * Merina – Kingdom of Imerina * – United Mexican States * – Principality of Monaco * – Principality of Montenegro * Moresnet – Neutral Moresnet * – Sultanate of Morocco *

Mossi Kingdoms The Mossi Kingdoms, sometimes referred to as the Mossi Empire, were a group of powerful kingdoms in modern-day Burkina Faso which dominated the region of the upper Volta river for hundreds of years. The largest Mossi kingdoms was that of Ouagad ...

– Mossi Empire *

Mthwakazi Mthwakazi is the traditional name of the proto-Ndebele people and Ndebele kingdom and is in the area of today's Zimbabwe. Mthwakazi is widely used to refer to inhabitants of Matebeleland Province in Zimbabwe. Etymology The word ''Matabele'' i ...

– Kingdom of Mthwakazi *

Muscat and Oman The Sultanate of Muscat and Oman ( ar, سلطنة مسقط وعمان, Salṭanat Masqaṭ wa-‘Umān), also known briefly as the State of Muscat and Oman () during the rule of Taimur bin Feisal, was a sovereign state that encompassed the prese ...

– Sultanate of Muscat and Oman *

Mutayr Mutayr () is an Arab tribe that originated in the northern Hejaz near Medina. The tribe mainly inhabits Saudi Arabia (Najd), Kuwait, Iraq, Morocco, and Tunisia. Genealogy Ahmad al-Qalqashandi who died in 1418 stated that al-Mutayr tribe belongs ...

– Emirate of Mutayr

N

* Negeri Sembilan – Negeri Sembilan * Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal * – Kingdom of The Netherlands * →

Nicaragua Nicaragua (; ), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (), is the largest country in Central America, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Managua is the countr ...

– Republic of Nicaragua * Norway – Kingdom of Norway (in personal union with Sweden)

O

* * – Sublime Ottoman State * Oyo – Oyo Empire

P

Pahang Pahang (; Jawi: , Pahang Hulu Malay: ''Paha'', Pahang Hilir Malay: ''Pahaeng'', Ulu Tembeling Malay: ''Pahaq)'' officially Pahang Darul Makmur with the Arabic honorific ''Darul Makmur'' (Jawi: , "The Abode of Tranquility") is a sultanate and ...

– Sultanate of Pahang (to 1888) * – Republic of Paraguay * Persia – Sublime State of Persia * – Peruvian Republic * Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal

Q

Qu'aiti Qu'aiti, ar, ٱلْقُعَيْطِي '), officially the Qu'aiti State of Shihr and Mukalla ( ar, ٱلدَّوْلَة ٱلْقُعَيْطِيَّة ٱلْحَضْرَمِيَّة, Ad-Dawlah Al-Quʿayṭiyyah Al-Ḥaḍramiyyah or the Qu'aiti ...

– Qu'aiti Sultanate of Shihr and Mukalla (to 1888)

R

* → Raiatea – Kingdom of Raiatea (to 19 March 1888) *

Rapa Nui Easter Island ( rap, Rapa Nui; es, Isla de Pascua) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is most famous for its nearly ...

– Kingdom of Rapa Nui (to September 9, 1888) * Rarotonga – Kingdom of Rarotonga (to 1888) * Red Nation * Romania ** United Principalities of Romania (to March 15, 1881) **

Kingdom of Romania The Kingdom of Romania ( ro, Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed in Romania from 13 March ( O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian ...

(from March 15, 1881) * → Russia – Russian Empire * Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda (to 1885)

S

Samoa Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa; sm, Sāmoa, and until 1997 known as Western Samoa, is a Polynesian island country consisting of two main islands ( Savai'i and Upolu); two smaller, inhabited islands ( Manono and Apolima); ...

– Kingdom of Samoa * – Most Serene Republic of San Marino * – Kingdom of Sarawak *

Selangor Selangor (; ), also known by its Arabic language, Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 Malaysian states. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east ...

– Sultanate of Selangor * → Serbia **

Principality of Serbia The Principality of Serbia ( sr-Cyrl, Књажество Србија, Knjažestvo Srbija) was an autonomous state in the Balkans that came into existence as a result of the Serbian Revolution, which lasted between 1804 and 1817. Its creation wa ...

(to March 6, 1882) ** Kingdom of Serbia (from March 6, 1882) * Setul Mambang Segara – Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara * – Kingdom of Siam * Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate * Spain – Kingdom of Spain * Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu * – Kingdom of Sweden (in personal union with Norway) * – Swiss Confederation

T

* Tagant – Emirate of Tagant * Tahiti – Kingdom of Tahiti (to June 29, 1880) * – Kingdom of Tonga * Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire *

Trarza Trarza ( ar, ولاية الترارزة) is a region in southwest Mauritania. Its capital is Rosso. Other major cities and towns include Mederdra and Boutilimit. Trarza borders the regions of Inchiri and Adrar to the north, Brakna to the east, a ...

– Emirate of Trarza * Tunis – Beylik of Tunis

U

* – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland * – United States of America *

Upper Aulaqi Sultanate The Upper Aulaqi Sultanate ( ar, سلطنة العوالق العليا ') was a state in the British Aden Protectorate and the Federation of South Arabia. Its capital was Nisab. History The Lower Aulaqi sultans separated from the Upper Aulaq ...

* Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom *

Upper Yafa Upper Yafa or Upper Yafa'i ( ar, يافع العليا ''),'' officially State of Upper Yafa ( ar, دولة يافع العليا '')'', was a military alliance in the British Aden Protectorate and the Protectorate of South Arabia. It was rul ...

– State of Upper Yafa * – Eastern Republic of Uruguay

V

* – United States of Venezuela

W

* Wadai – Wadai Empire * Wahidi Balhaf * Wahidi Haban *

Wajoq Wajoq, also spelled Wajo, Wajo', or Wajok, was a Bugis elective principality in the eastern part of the South Sulawesi peninsula. It was founded in the 15th century, and reached its peak in the 18th century, when it briefly became the hegemon ...

* Wassoulou – Wassoulou Empire * Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta

Y

* Yeke – Yeke Kingdom

Z

* Zabarma – Zabarma Emirate * – Sultanate of Zanzibar (to February 17, 1885) * Zululand – Kingdom of Zulu (to 1887)

States claiming sovereignty

* Aceh – Sultanate of Aceh * → Counani – Republic of Independent Guiana *

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

– Republic of Cuba * Franceville – Independent Commune of Franceville (from August 9, 1889) * Goshen – State of Goshen (from October 24, 1882, to August 6, 1883) *

Goust Goust is a French hamlet in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department of southwestern France. At some point in the 19th century, folklore began to describe it as an independent Republic. Noted for its centenarians, one pensioner was reported to hav ...

– Republic of Goust * Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao * → Stellaland – Republic of Stellaland (from July 26, 1882, to September 30, 1885) * – South African Republic (from August 3, 1881) *

Upingtonia Lijdensrust, officially the Republic of Lijdensrust, was a short-lived Boer republic in the area of present-day Namibia. Declared on 20 October 1885, it was originally named Upingtonia, but changed its name soon after as the reason for its orig ...

– Republic of Upingtonia (from October 20, 1885, to June 1887) {{DEFAULTSORT:Sovereign states in the 1880s 1880s-related lists