Sovereign states

A

*Emirate of Afghanistan, Afghanistan – Emirate of Afghanistan * → Andorra – Principality of Andorra * Anhalt – Duchy of Anhalt * Anhalt-Bernburg – Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg * Anhalt-Dessau – Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau * Ankole – Kingdom of Ankole * Nguyễn dynasty, Annam – Empire of Annam *Anziku Kingdom, Anziku – Anziku Kingdom * → **Argentine Confederation **Argentine Republic * Aro Confederacy, Aro – Aro Confederacy * – Asante Union * → Austrian Empire, Austria / Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austria-Hungary **Austrian Empire **Austro-Hungarian Empire

B

* – Grand Duchy of Baden *Kingdom of Baguirmi, Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi *Bamana Empire, Bambara – Bambara Empire *Baol – Kingdom of Baol *History of Lesotho#Basutoland, Basutoland – Kingdom of Basutoland * – Kingdom of Bavaria * – Kingdom of Belgium * – Benin Empire *Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan * – Bolivian Republic * Kingdom of Bora Bora, Bora Bora – Kingdom of Bora Bora *Bornu Empire, Bornu – Bornu Empire * – Empire of Brazil * – Free Hanseatic City of Bremen * – Sultanate of Brunei * – Duchy of Brunswick * Buganda – Kingdom of Buganda * Emirate of Bukhara, Bukhara – Emirate of Bukhara * Bunyoro – Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara * Konbaung dynasty, Burma – Kingdom of Burma *Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi

C

* Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia * → Canada – Dominion of Canada *Cayor – Kingdom of Cayor * United Provinces of Central Italy, Central Italy – United Provinces of Central Italy * – Republic of Chile * – Great Qing * United States of Colombia, Colombia – United States of Colombia * * * – Republic of Costa Rica * Couto Misto

D

*Dahomey – Kingdom of Dahomey * – Kingdom of Denmark * → – Dominican Republic

E

* → – Republic of Ecuador * → → El Salvador – El Salvador * – Ethiopian Empire

F

*Fante Confederacy, Fante – Fante Confederacy *Fiji – Tui Viti * Second French Empire, France – Empire of the French * Free City of Frankfurt, Frankfurt – Free City of Frankfurt *Imamate of Futa Jallon, Futa Jallon – Imamate of Futa Jallon *Imamate of Futa Toro, Futa Toro – Imamate of Futa Toro

G

*Kingdom of Garo, Garo – Kingdom of Garo *Kingdom of Gera, Gera – Kingdom of Gera *Kingdom of Gomma, Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma * Granadine Confederation – Granadine Confederation (renamed New Granada on July 18, 1861) * Kingdom of Greece, Greece – Kingdom of Greece * Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala *Kingdom of Gumma, Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma

H

* Emirate of Haʾil, Ha'il – Emirate of Ha'il * – Republic of Haiti * – Free City of Hamburg * – Kingdom of Hanover * – Kingdom of Hawaii * Grand Duchy of Hesse, Hesse-Darmstadt – Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine * Hesse-Homburg – Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg * Electorate of Hessen, Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) – Electorate of Hesse * Holstein-Glückstadt, Holstein – Duchy of Holstein * → – Republic of Honduras * Kingdom of Huahine, Huahine – Kingdom of Huahine

I

* United States of the Ionian Islands, Ionian Islands – United States of the Ionian Islands * Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946), Italy – Kingdom of Italy

J

*Kingdom of Janjero, Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero * Tokugawa shogunate, Japan **Tokugawa shogunate **Empire of Japan *Kingdom of Jimma, Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma * Johor – Sultanate of Johor * – Jolof Kingdom

K

*Kaabu – Kingdom of Kaabu *Kabulistan – Kingdom of Kabul *Kingdom of Kaffa, Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa * Kashgaria – Kingdom of Kashgaria *Kénédougou Kingdom, Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom *Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso * Khanate of Khiva, Khiva – Khanate of Khiva *Khanate of Kokand, Kokand – Khanate of Kokand *Kong Empire, Kong – Kong Empire * Kingdom of Kongo, Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo * Joseon dynasty, Korea – Kingdom of Great Joseon *Kingdom of Koya, Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya

L

* – Republic of Liberia * – Principality of Liechtenstein * Duchy of Limburg (1839-1866), Limburg – Duchy of Limburg *Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea * Principality of Lippe, Lippe – Principality of Lippe *Kingdom of Loango, Loango – Kingdom of Loango *Kingdom of Luba, Luba – Luba Empire * Free City of Lübeck, Lübeck – Free City of Lübeck (Lubeck) *Kingdom of Lunda, Lunda – Lunda Empire * – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

M

* Maldives – Sultanate of Maldives *Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur *Massina Empire, Massina – Massina Empire *Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom * Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin * Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz * → → **Republic of Mexico **Mexican Empire **United Mexican States *Sultanate of Maguindanao, Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao * – Principality of Monaco * Principality of Montenegro, Montenegro – Principality of Montenegro * – Sultanate of Morocco * Muscat and Oman – Sultanate of Muscat and Oman

N

* Duchy of Nassau, Nassau – Duchy of Nassau * Negeri Sembilan – Negeri Sembilan * Kingdom of Nepal, Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal * – Kingdom of The Netherlands * Colombia, New Granada – United States of New Granada * Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua * North German Confederation – North German Confederation * Norway – Kingdom of Norway (in personal union with Sweden)

O

* Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, Oldenburg – Grand Duchy of Oldenburg * – Republic of Orange Free State * – Sublime Ottoman State *Ouaddai Empire, Ouaddai – Ouaddai Empire *Oyo Empire, Oyo – Oyo Empire

P

* Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang * – States of the Church * – Republic of Paraguay * Perak – Sultanate of Perak * Qajar dynasty, Persia – Persian Empire * – Peruvian Republic * Kingdom of Portugal, Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal * – Kingdom of Prussia

R

* Kingdom of Raiatea, Raiatea – Kingdom of Raiatea *Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui * Kingdom of Rarotonga, Rarotonga – Kingdom of Rarotonga * Reuss Elder Line – Principality of Reuss Elder Line * Reuss Junior Line – Principality of Reuss Junior Line * United Principalities, Romania - United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia * – Russian Empire *Kingdom of Rwanda, Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda * – Kingdom of Ryūkyū

S

*Samoa – Kingdom of Samoa * → – Most Serene Republic of San Marino * – Kingdom of Sarawak * – Kingdom of Sardinia * Saxe-Altenburg – Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg * Saxe-Coburg-Gotha – Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha * Saxe-Lauenburg – Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg, also Duchy of Lauenburg * Saxe-Meiningen – Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen * Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach * Kingdom of Saxony, Saxony – Kingdom of Saxony * Schaumburg-Lippe – Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe * Schleswig – Duchy of Schleswig * Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt * Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen * Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor * Principality of Serbia, Serbia – Principality of Serbia * – Kingdom of Siam *Sikkim – Chogyalate of Sikkim * Sokoto Caliphate, Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate * – Kingdom of Spain * Sulu Sultanate, Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu * – Kingdom of Sweden (in personal union with Norway) * – Swiss Confederation

T

* Kingdom of Tahiti, Tahiti – Kingdom of Tahiti *Tonga – Tu'i Tonga * Toro Kingdom, Toro – Toro Kingdom *Toucouleur Empire, Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire * – South African Republic * → – Kingdom of the Two Sicilies

U

* – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland * → → → → – United States of America * – Eastern Republic of Uruguay

V

* → **Republic of Venezuela **United States of Venezuela

W

* Waldeck-Pyrmont – Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont *Welayta people, Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta * – Kingdom of Württemberg

Y

*Yeke Kingdom, Yeke – Yeke Kingdom

Z

* – Sultanate of Zanzibar *Zulu Kingdom, Zululand – Kingdom of the Zulus

Non-sovereign territories

United Kingdom

* – Cape of Good Hope

States claiming sovereignty

* Aceh Sultanate, Aceh – Sultanate of Aceh * Republic of Alabama, Alabama – Republic of Alabama (from January 11 to February 4, 1861) * Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia, Araucanía and Patagonia – Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia (from November 17, 1860) *Arkansas – Republic of Arkansas (from May 6 to May 18, 1861) * State of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires – State of Buenos Aires * → → → → → – Confederate States of America (from February 4, 1861 to May 5, 1865) * Cuba – Republic of Cuba (from October 10, 1868) *Republic of Ezo, Ezo – Republic of Ezo (from December 15, 1868 to June 27, 1869) * Florida in the American Civil War, Florida – Republic of Florida (from January 10 to February 4, 1861) *Goust – Republic of Goust * Republic of Louisiana, Louisiana – Republic of Louisiana (from January 26 to February 4, 1861) * Sultanate of Maguindanao, Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao * – Republic of Manitobah (from June 1867 to 1868) * – Republic of Mississippi (from January 9 to February 1, 1861) * North Carolina in the American Civil War, North Carolina – Republic of North Carolina (from May 20 to May 21, 1861) * Polish National Government (January Uprising), Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth (from January 22, 1863 to June 18, 1864) * → Republic of South Carolina, South Carolina – Republic of South Carolina (from December 20, 1860 to February 8, 1861) *Taiping Heavenly Kingdom - Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (to July 1864) * Tennessee in the American Civil War, Tennessee - Republic of Tennessee (from June 8 to July 2, 1861) * Kingdom of Tavolara, Tavolara – Kingdom of Tavolara * Texas in the American Civil War, Texas – Republic of Texas (from February 1 to March 2, 1861) * Virginia in the American Civil War, Virginia – Republic of Virginia (from April 17 to May 7, 1861) {{Lists of sovereign states by year , expanded=CE 1860s-related lists, State