This is a list of protected areas in

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...

Natural heritage

The

Constitution of Peru The Constitution of Peru is the supreme law of Peru. The current constitution, enacted on 31 December 1993, is Peru's fifth in the 20th century and replaced the 1979 Constitution. The Constitution was drafted by the Democratic Constituent Congres ...

of 1993 recognized the

natural resources Natural resources are resources that are drawn from nature and used with few modifications. This includes the sources of valued characteristics such as commercial and industrial use, aesthetic value, scientific interest and cultural value. ...

and

ecosystem An ecosystem (or ecological system) consists of all the organisms and the physical environment with which they interact. These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. Energy enters the syste ...

variety of its country as a heritage. In 1990, the National System of Natural Areas that are protected by the Government (SINANPE) was created.SINANPE list of protected areas
, retrieved 17 July 2012. This entity depends on the National Service of Protected Areas by the State (SERNANP), Ministry of Environment. Peru has 75 natural protected areas (15.21% of the country surface area) that are preserved by the National Government: 12 national parks, 9 national sanctuaries, 4 historical sanctuaries, 15 national reserves, 3 wildlife refuges, 2 landscape reserves, 8 communal reserves, 6 protected forests, 2 hunting enclosed lands and 14 reserved zones. A map was also created containing the natural protected areas. Peru is considered to be among 17 of the most megadiverse countries in the world. With over 1,700 species of birds, it has the world's second most diverse avian community, after Colombia.Lambertini, A Naturalist's Guide to the Tropics, excerpt
/ref> National Parks are places where the wild

flora Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous (ecology), indigenous) native plant, native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms '' ...

and

fauna Fauna is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is ''flora'', and for fungi, it is ''funga''. Flora, fauna, funga and other forms of life are collectively referred to as ''Biota (ecology ...

are protected and preserved. Natural resources exploitation and human settlements are forbidden.

National System of Natural State Protected Areas

National parks

* Cutervo, created in 1961 and located in

Cajamarca Cajamarca (), also known by the Quechua name, ''Kashamarka'', is the capital and largest city of the Cajamarca Region as well as an important cultural and commercial center in the northern Andes. It is located in the northern highlands of Peru ...

, is the oldest Peruvian National Park. It contains many caves, including the San Andres Cave is a home of the endangered ''guacharo'' (oilbird) and golden quetzal. *

Tingo Maria Tingo is a district of Luya Province in Peru. It borders with Colcamar District, Colcamar to the north, Levanto District, Levanto and Magdalena District, Chachapoyas, Magdalena districts of Chachapoyas Province to the east, San Juan de Lopecancha D ...

is located in Huanuco Region. Its principal attraction is the Cueva de las Lechuzas (

Owl Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes (), which includes over 200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing, sharp talons, and feathers a ...

Cave), another ''guacharo'' habitat. *

Manu Manu may refer to: Geography * Manú Province, a province of Peru, in the Madre de Dios Region **Manú National Park, Peru ** Manú River, in southeastern Peru * Manu River (Tripura), which originates in India and flows into Bangladesh *Manu Tem ...

, located in the Regions of Madre de Dios and

Cuzco Cusco, often spelled Cuzco (; qu, Qusqu ()), is a city in Southeastern Peru near the Urubamba Valley of the Andes mountain range. It is the capital of the Cusco Region and of the Cusco Province. The city is the seventh most populous in Peru; ...

. In 1977,

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...

recognised it as a Reserve of Biosphere; and in 1987, it was pronounced a Natural Heritage of Humanity. *

Huascarán Huascarán () (Quechua: Waskaran), Nevado Huascarán or Mataraju is a mountain in the Peruvian province of Yungay ( Ancash Department), situated in the Cordillera Blanca range of the western Andes. The southern summit of Huascarán (Huascará ...

is located in

Ancash Ancash ( qu, Anqash; es, Áncash ) is a department and region in northern Peru. It is bordered by the departments of La Libertad on the north, Huánuco and Pasco on the east, Lima on the south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Its capital i ...

. It was also pronounced a Natural Heritage of Humanity and recognized as Reserve of Biosphere. Peru's highest snow-covered mountain (6,768 m) is found here, also named

. This park is the habitat of the ''

Puya raimondii ''Puya raimondii'', also known as queen of the Andes (English), titanka (Quechua) or puya de Raimondi (Spanish), is the largest species of bromeliad, its inflorescences reaching up to in height. It is native to the high Andes of Bolivia and Per ...

'', the cougar, the jaguar, the

llama The llama (; ) (''Lama glama'') is a domesticated South American camelid, widely used as a meat and pack animal by Andean cultures since the Pre-Columbian era. Llamas are social animals and live with others as a herd. Their wool is soft ...

, the

guanaco The guanaco (; ''Lama guanicoe'') is a camelid native to South America, closely related to the llama. Guanacos are one of two wild South American camelids, the other being the vicuña, which lives at higher elevations. Etymology The guanaco ...

, the

marsh deer The marsh deer (''Blastocerus dichotomus'') is the largest deer species from South America reaching a length of and a shoulder height of . It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay. Formerly found in much of tropical ...

, the Peruvian tapir, the Peruvian piedtail, a hummingbird species, and many kinds of

duck Duck is the common name for numerous species of waterfowl in the family Anatidae. Ducks are generally smaller and shorter-necked than swans and geese, which are members of the same family. Divided among several subfamilies, they are a form ...

s. * Cerros de Amotape (Amotape Hills) is located in Piura and Tumbes. It has many dry-climate forests and endangered species such as the

American crocodile The American crocodile (''Crocodylus acutus'') is a species of crocodilian found in the Neotropics. It is the most widespread of the four extant species of crocodiles from the Americas, with populations present from South Florida and the coasts ...

. * The Abiseo River Park, another Natural and Cultural Heritage of Humanity site, is located in San Martín. * Yanachaga–Chemillén, a tropical forest preservation zone at 4,800 m, is located in

Pasco Region Pasco () is a department and region in central Peru. Its capital is Cerro de Pasco. Political division The region is divided into 3 provinces ( es, provincias, singular: ), which are composed of 28 districts (''distritos'', singular: ''distrito ...

. The Palcazu River,

Huancabamba River The Huancabamba River ("Stony Plain" in the Quechua language) in the Pasco Region of Peru has its origin in the confluence of several small rivers near the town of Oxapampa: the Chontabamba, the Llamaquizú, and the Esperanza rivers. From an ...

, Pozuzo River and their affluents flows through the park. Some native communities still live in here. There are also archaeological fields from the

Inca The Inca Empire (also known as the Incan Empire and the Inka Empire), called ''Tawantinsuyu'' by its subjects, (Quechua for the "Realm of the Four Parts", "four parts together" ) was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The admin ...

and Yanesha cultures. * Bahuaja-Sonene is located in Madre de Dios. It contains

Puno Region Puno () is a department and region in southeastern Peru. It is the fifth largest department in Peru, after Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto. It is bordered by Bolivia on the east, the departments of Madre de Dios on the north, Cusco ...

's tropical forests, the Heath Pampas and part of the Tambopata National Reserve. * Cordillera Azul * Otishi * Alto Purús * Ichigkat muja – Cordillera del Condor * Güeppí Sekime * Sierra del Divisor, created in 2015, is located in Loreto and

Ucayali The Ucayali River ( es, Río Ucayali, ) is the main headstream of the Amazon River. It rises about north of Lake Titicaca, in the Arequipa region of Peru and becomes the Amazon at the confluence of the Marañón close to Nauta city. The city ...

at the border with

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

. * Yaguas, created in 2018, is a tropical forest protection zone along the Yaguas river located in Loreto near the border with Colombia.

National reserves

* Pampa Galeras – Barbara D'Achille is located in

Ayacucho Ayacucho (, qu, Ayak'uchu) is the capital city of Ayacucho Region and of Huamanga Province, Ayacucho Region, Peru. During the Inca Empire and Viceroyalty of Peru periods the city was known by the name of Huamanga (Quechua: Wamanga), and it c ...

. It is the habitat of the

vicuña The vicuña (''Lama vicugna'') or vicuna (both , very rarely spelled ''vicugna'', its former genus name) is one of the two wild South American camelids, which live in the high alpine areas of the Andes, the other being the guanaco, which live ...

. * Junin is located in Junín. One of its main purposes is to protect the ecosystem and biodiversity of Lake Junín. * Paracas is located in Ica. Its main purpose is to preserve the sea ecosystem and protect the historical and cultural heritage of the area. * Lachay is located in

Lima Lima ( ; ), originally founded as Ciudad de Los Reyes (City of The Kings) is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of the central coastal part of ...

. Its main purpose is to restore and protect the ecosystem of the

Lomas de Lachay Lachay National Reserve ( es, Reserva Nacional de Lachay) is a protected area in the region of Lima, Peru. The reserve is located north from the Peruvian capital, Lima, and protects part of the lomas ecosystem. Climate Climate at the reserve i ...

(Lachay Hills). *

Titicaca Lake Titicaca (; es, Lago Titicaca ; qu, Titiqaqa Qucha) is a large freshwater lake in the Andes mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru. It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world. By volume of water and by surface area, i ...

is located in Puno. Its main purpose is to preserve

Lake Titicaca Lake Titicaca (; es, Lago Titicaca ; qu, Titiqaqa Qucha) is a large freshwater lake in the Andes mountains on the border of Bolivia and Peru. It is often called the highest navigable lake in the world. By volume of water and by surface area, i ...

's ecosystems and landscape. * Salinas and Aguada Blanca are located in Arequipa and Moquegua. Their main purpose is to preserve

and landscape. * Calipuy is located in La Libertad. Its main purpose is to protect

populations. * Pacaya-Samiria is located in Loreto. Its main purpose is to preserve the ecosystems of the

Omagua Omagua or low jungle (''selva baja'' or partially '' tierra caliente'') is one of the eightPulgar Vidal, Javier: Geografía del Perú; Las Ocho Regiones Naturales del Perú. Edit. Universo S.A., Lima 1979. First Edition (his dissertation of 1940): ...

Region and to promote the indigenous towns. * Tambopata * Allpahuayo-Mishana * Tumbes * Matsés National Reserve * System of Islands, Islets and Guano Sites National Reserve * Pucacuro * San Fernando National Reserve

National sanctuaries

National sanctuaries are areas of national importance for the protection of the habitat of specific species of flora and fauna, and natural formations of scientific or scenic interest. * Huayllay * Calipuy * Mejía Lagoons *

Ampay Ampay is a mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Apurímac Region, Abancay Province, on the border of the districts of Abancay, Huanipaca and Tamburco. The mountain lies in the Ampay National Sanctuary. An intermittent stream n ...

* Manglares de Tumbes ("

Mangrove A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows in coastal saline or brackish water. The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of such species. Mangroves are taxonomically diverse, as a result of convergent evolution in severa ...

s of Tumbes") * Megantoni * Pampa Hermosa * Tabacones Namballe * Cordillera de Colán

Historical sanctuaries

* Chacramarca * Pampas de Ayacucho ("Pampas of Ayacucho") * Machu Picchu * Pómac Forest

Wildlife refuges

* Laquipampa * Pantanos de Villa * Udima Cloud Forests Wildlife Refuge

Landscape reserves

* Nor Yauyos-Cochas * Cotahuasi Subbasin * Qhapiya Landscape Reserve

Communal reserves

Communal reserves are conservation areas for flora and fauna, allowing traditional use for the rural populations surrounding the areas. The use and marketing of the natural resources within the communal reserve is conducted by the same rural populations.

Protected forests

* Aledaño Bocatoma del Canal Nuevo Imperial ("Adjacent to the Nuevo Imperial Canal Intake") * Puquio Santa Rosa ("Santa Rosa (Water) Spring") * Pui–Pui * San Matías–San Carlos * Pagaibamba * Alto Mayo

Enclosed hunting lands

* El Angolo * Sunchubamba

Reserved zones

* Chancaybaños * Güeppí * Santiago-Comaina * Waywash mountain range * Sierra del Divisor Reserved Zone * Humedales de Puerto Viejo Reserved Zone * Nieva River Reserved Zone * Lomas de Ancón Reserved Zone * Bosque de Zárate Reserved Zone * Illescas Reserved Zone * Yaguas Reserved Zone * Ancón Reserved Zone * Huacachina Reserved Zone

National forests

* Biabo Cordillera Azul * Mariscal Cáceres * Pastaza–Morona–Marañon *

Alexander von Humboldt Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 17696 May 1859) was a German polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and proponent of Romantic philosophy and science. He was the younger brother of the Prussian minister, ...

Areas of regional conservation

* Chuqik'iraw * Tamshiyacu Tahuayo * Titankayuq * Waytapallana

References

External links

*
SERNANP
Official Website {{Peru lists

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...

National parks A national park is a natural park in use for conservation purposes, created and protected by national governments. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Although individua ...

Protected areas Protected areas or conservation areas are locations which receive protection because of their recognized natural, ecological or cultural values. There are several kinds of protected areas, which vary by level of protection depending on the ena ...

Natural heritage

National System of Natural State Protected Areas

National parks

National reserves

National sanctuaries

Historical sanctuaries

Wildlife refuges

Landscape reserves

Communal reserves

Protected forests

Enclosed hunting lands

Reserved zones

National forests

Areas of regional conservation

See also

References

External links