This is a list of North American mammals. It includes all

mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...

s currently found in the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...

St. Pierre and Miquelon Saint Pierre and Miquelon (), officially the Territorial Collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (french: link=no, Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon ), is a self-governing territorial overseas collectivity of France in t ...

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is t ...

Bermuda ) , anthem = "God Save the King" , song_type = National song , song = " Hail to Bermuda" , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , mapsize2 = , map_caption2 = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , e ...

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

Central America Central America ( es, América Central or ) is a subregion of the Americas. Its boundaries are defined as bordering the United States to the north, Colombia to the south, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ...

, and the

Caribbean The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Se ...

region, whether resident or as migrants. This article does not include species found only in captivity. Mammal species which became extinct in the last 10,000 to 13,000 years are also included in this article. Each species is listed, with its

binomial name In taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, bot ...

. Most established

introduced species An introduced species, alien species, exotic species, adventive species, immigrant species, foreign species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species is a species living outside its native distributional range, but which has arrived there ...

occurring across multiple states and provinces are also noted. Some species are identified as indicated below: *(A) = Accidental: occurrence based on one or a few records, and unlikely to occur regularly *(E) =

Extinct Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...

: died out between 13,000 years ago and the present *(Ex) =

Extirpated Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinct ...

: no longer occurs in area of interest, but other populations exist elsewhere *(I) = Introduced: population established solely as result of direct or indirect human intervention; synonymous with non-native and non-indigenous Conservation status -

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biologi ...

: : - extinct, - extinct in the wild : - critically endangered, - endangered, - vulnerable : - near threatened, - least concern : - data deficient, - not evaluated :(v. 2013.2, the data is current as of March 5, 2014) and

Endangered Species Act The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA or "The Act"; 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.) is the primary law in the United States for protecting imperiled species. Designed to protect critically imperiled species from extinction as a "consequence of ec ...

: : - endangered, - threatened :, - experimental non essential or essential population :, - endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance :(selected only taxa found in the US, the data is current as of March 28, 2014)

Opossums Opossums () are members of the marsupial order Didelphimorphia () endemic to the Americas. The largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, it comprises 93 species in 18 genera. Opossums originated in South America and entered North A ...

Didelphidae

Common opossum The common opossum (''Didelphis marsupialis''), also called the southern or black-eared opossum or gambá, and sometimes called a possum, is a marsupial species living from the northeast of Mexico to Bolivia (reaching the coast of the South Paci ...

, ''Didelphis marsupialis'' *

Virginia opossum The Virginia opossum (''Didelphis virginiana''), also known as the North American opossum, is the only opossum living north of Mexico, its range extending south into Central America. It is the northernmost marsupial in the world. In the United S ...

, ''Didelphis virginiana'' *

Derby's woolly opossum Derby's woolly opossum (''Caluromys derbianus''), or the Central American woolly opossum, is an opossum found in deciduous and moist evergreen forests of Central America, from southern Mexico to western Ecuador and Colombia. It was first describ ...

, ''Caluromys derbianus'' *

Bare-tailed woolly opossum The bare-tailed woolly opossum (''Caluromys philander'') is an opossum from South America. It was first described by Swedish zoologist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The bare-tailed woolly opossum is characterized by a gray head, brown to gray coat, ora ...

, ''Caluromys philander'' *

Water opossum The water opossum (''Chironectes minimus''), also locally known as the yapok (), is a marsupial of the family Didelphidae.* It is the only living member of its genus, ''Chironectes''. This semiaquatic creature is found in and near freshwater ...

, ''Chironectes minimus'' *

Alston's mouse opossum Alston's mouse opossum (''Marmosa alstoni''), also known as Alston's opossum, is a medium-sized pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is arboreal and nocturnal, inhabiting forests from Belize to northern Colombia. The main compone ...

, ''Marmosa alstoni'' *

Isthmian mouse opossum The Isthmian mouse opossum (''Marmosa isthmica'') is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama.Fiona A. Reid, ''A field guide to the mammals of Central America & Southeast Mexico'' (OUP USA, 2009)p. ...

, ''Marmosa isthmica'' *

Mexican mouse opossum The Mexican mouse opossum (''Marmosa mexicana'') is a species of North American opossum in the family Didelphidae. Description ''Marmosa mexicana'' is a small to moderate-sized reddish-brown marsupial, varying from bright to dull coloration. ...

, ''Marmosa mexicana'' *

Linnaeus's mouse opossum Linnaeus's mouse opossum (''Marmosa murina''), also known as the common or murine mouse opossum, is a South American marsupial of the family Didelphidae. Range and habitat Its range includes Colombia, Mexico, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, ...

, ''Marmosa murina'' *

Robinson's mouse opossum Robinson's mouse opossum (''Marmosa robinsoni'') is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It is found in Belize, Colombia, Ecuador, Grenada, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. Robinson's mouse opossums mov ...

, ''Marmosa robinsoni'' *

Dusky slender opossum The dusky slender opossum (''Marmosops fuscatus'') is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It is found in Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat ...

, ''Marmosops fuscatus'' *

Panama slender opossum The Panama slender opossum (''Marmosops invictus''), also known as the slaty slender mouse opossum, is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae. It is endemic to Panama, where it has been found in tropical rainforest habitats, including d ...

, ''Marmosops invictus'' *

Brown four-eyed opossum The brown four-eyed opossum (''Metachirus nudicaudatus'') is a pouchless marsupial of the family Didelphidae. It is found in different forested habitats of Central and South America, from Nicaragua to Brazil and northern Argentina, including s ...

, ''Metachirus nudicaudatus'' *

Sepia short-tailed opossum The sepia short-tailed opossum (''Monodelphis adusta'') is a species of opossum in the family Didelphidae found in Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru and Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link ...

, ''Monodelphis adusta'' *

Gray four-eyed opossum The gray four-eyed opossum (''Philander opossum'') is an opossum species from Central and South America, ranging from southern Mexico to Peru, Bolivia and southwestern Brazil, at altitudes from sea level to 1600 m, but generally below . Its hab ...

, ''Philander opossum'' *

Grayish mouse opossum The grayish mouse opossum (''Tlacuatzin canescens'') is a species of opossum endemic to Mexico. It is the sole species in the genus ''Tlacuatzin''. Description The grayish mouse opossum is an unusually small opossum, measuring in total length ...

, ''Tlacuatzin canescens''

Armadillos Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along w ...

Dasypodidae Dasypodidae is a family of mostly extinct genera of armadillos. One genus, '' Dasypus'', is extant, with at least seven living species. TOC Classification Below is a taxonomy of armadillos in this family. Family Dasypodidae *† Genus ...

Beautiful armadillo ''Dasypus bellus'', the beautiful armadillo, is an extinct armadillo species endemic to North America and South America from the Pleistocene, living from 1.8 mya—11,000 years ago, existing for approximately . Slightly larger than its living ...

, ''Dasypus bellus'' (E) *

Nine-banded armadillo The nine-banded armadillo (''Dasypus novemcinctus''), also known as the nine-banded long-nosed armadillo or common long-nosed armadillo, is a mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos. It ...

, ''Dasypus novemcinctus''

Cabassous ''Cabassous'' is a genus of South and Central American armadillos. The name is the Latinised form of the Kalini word for "armadillo". Cladogram of living ''Cabassous'' The genus contains the following four species In biology, a specie ...

* Northern naked-tailed armadillo, ''Cabassous centralis''

Chlamyphoridae Chlamyphoridae is a family of cingulate mammals. While glyptodonts have traditionally been considered stem-group cingulates outside the group that contains modern armadillos, there had been speculation that the extant family Dasypodidae could b ...

* American glyptodont, ''Glyptotherium floridanum'' (E)

Pampatheriidae Pampatheriidae ("Pampas beasts") is an extinct family of large plantigrade armored armadillos related to extant armadillos in the order Cingulata. However, pampatheriids have existed as a separate lineage since at least the middle Eocene Muster ...

* American giant armadillo, ''Holmesina septentrionalis'' (E)

Anteaters and tamanduas

Cyclopedidae The Cyclopedidae is a family of anteaters that includes the silky anteater The silky anteater, also known as the pygmy anteater, has traditionally been considered a single species of anteater, ''Cyclopes didactylus'', in the genus ''Cyclopes ...

* Common silky anteater, ''Cyclopes didactylus'' *

Central American silky anteater Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as ...

, ''Cyclopes dorsalis''

Myrmecophaga The giant anteater (''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'') is an insectivorous mammal native to Central and South America. It is one of four living species of anteaters, of which it is the largest member. The only extant member of the genus ''Myrmecophag ...

Giant anteater The giant anteater (''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'') is an insectivorous mammal native to Central and South America. It is one of four living species of anteaters, of which it is the largest member. The only extant member of the genus ''Myrmecopha ...

, ''Myrmecophaga tridactyla''

Tamandua ''Tamandua'' is a genus of anteaters with two species: the southern tamandua (''T. tetradactyla'') and the northern tamandua (''T. mexicana''). They live in forests and grasslands, are semiarboreal, and possess partially prehensile tails. They m ...
s

Northern tamandua The northern tamandua (''Tamandua mexicana'') is a species of tamandua, an anteater in the family Myrmecophagidae. They live in tropical and subtropical forests from southern Mexico, through Central America, and to the edge of the northern Andes ...

, ''Tamandua mexicana'' *

Southern tamandua The southern tamandua (''Tamandua tetradactyla''), also called the collared anteater or lesser anteater, is a species of anteater from South America and the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean. It is a solitary animal found in many habitats, from ...

, ''Tamandua tetradactyla''

Sloths Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their l ...

Megalonychidae Megalonychidae is an extinct family of sloths including the extinct ''Megalonyx''. Megalonychids first appeared in the early Oligocene, about 35 million years (Ma) ago, in southern Argentina (Patagonia). There is actually one possible find dating ...

* Jefferson ground sloth, ''Megalonyx jeffersonii'' (E)

Bradypus

Pygmy three-toed sloth The pygmy three-toed sloth (''Bradypus pygmaeus''), also known as the monk sloth or dwarf sloth, is a sloth endemic to Isla Escudo de Veraguas, a small island off the Caribbean coast of Panama. The species was first described by Robert P. Ander ...

, ''Bradypus pygmaeus'' *

Brown-throated sloth The brown-throated sloth (''Bradypus variegatus'') is a species of three-toed sloth found in the Neotropical realm of Central and South America. It is the most common of the four species of three-toed sloth, and is found in the forests of South ...

, ''Bradypus variegatus''

Choloepus

Hoffmann's two-toed sloth Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (''Choloepus hoffmanni''), also known as the northern two-toed sloth is a species of sloth from Central and South America. It is a solitary, largely nocturnal and arboreal animal, found in mature and secondary rainf ...

, ''Choloepus hoffmanni''

Megatheriidae Megatheriidae is a family of extinct ground sloths that lived from approximately 23 mya—11,000 years ago. Megatheriids appeared during the Late Oligocene (Deseadan in the SALMA classification), some 29 million years ago, in South America ...

* American giant ground sloth, ''Eremotherium laurillardi'' (E)

Mylodontidae Mylodontidae is a family of extinct South American and North American ground sloths within the suborder Folivora of order Pilosa The order Pilosa is a clade of xenarthran placental mammals, native to the Americas. It includes the anteaters a ...

* Harlan's ground sloth, ''Paramylodon harlani'' (E)

Nothrotheriidae Nothrotheriidae is a family of extinct ground sloths that lived from approximately 17.5 mya—10,000 years ago, existing for approximately . Previously placed within the tribe Nothrotheriini or subfamily Nothrotheriinae within Megatheriidae, they ...

Shasta ground sloth ''Nothrotheriops'' is a genus of Pleistocene ground sloth found in North America, from what is now central Mexico to the southern United States. This genus of bear-sized xenarthran was related to the much larger, and far more famous '' Megatheriu ...

, ''Nothrotheriops shastensis'' (E)

Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...
s

Echimyidae Echimyidae is the family of neotropical spiny rats and their fossil relatives. This is the most species-rich family of hystricognath rodents. It is probably also the most ecologically diverse, with members ranging from fully arboreal to terres ...

Oriente cave rat The Oriente cave rat (''Boromys offella'') is an extinct species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It was endemic to Cuba. Its natural habitat was subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is known from recent fossil records, and may h ...

, ''Boromys offella'' (E) *

Torre's cave rat Torre's cave rat (''Boromys torrei'') was a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It was endemic to Cuba. Its natural habitat was subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds ...

, ''Boromys torrei'' (E) *

Hispaniolan edible rat The Hispaniolan edible rat (''Brotomys voratus'') is a recently extinct species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is the only species in the genus ''Brotomys''. It was endemic to the island of Hispaniola in the Caribbean, in what is today ...

, ''Brotomys voratus'' (E) *

Rufous soft-furred spiny-rat The rufous soft-furred spiny-rat (''Diplomys labilis''), known as ''ratón espinoso'' meaning "spiny" or "thorny" rat in Spanish, is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama Panama ( , ; ...

, ''Diplomys labilis'' * Antillean cave rat, ''Heteropsomys antillensis'' (E) * Insular cave rat, ''Heteropsomys insulans'' (E) *

Armored rat The armored rat (''Hoplomys gymnurus'') is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is monotypic within the genus ''Hoplomys''. It is found in Latin America, from northern Honduras to northwest Ecuador. It possesses a range of spines on ...

, ''Hoplomys gymnurus'' * Brazilian spiny tree-rat, ''Makalata didelphoides'' * Tome's spiny-rat, ''Proechimys semispinosus'' * Trinidad spiny rat, ''Proechimys trinitatis''

Aplodontiidae The family Aplodontiidae also known as Aplodontidae, Haplodontiidae or Haploodontini is traditionally classified as the sole extant family of the suborder Protrogomorpha. It may be the sister family of the Sciuridae. There are fossils from the ...

Mountain beaver The mountain beaver (''Aplodontia rufa'')Other names include mountain boomer, ground bear, giant mole, gehalis, lesser sasquatch, sewellel, suwellel, showhurll, showtl, and showte, as well as a number of Chinookan and other Native American terms ...

, ''Aplodontia rufa'' :(ssp. ''A. r. nigra'': )

Beavers Beavers are large, semiaquatic rodents in the genus ''Castor'' native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. There are two extant species: the North American beaver (''Castor canadensis'') and the Eurasian beaver (''C. fiber''). Beavers a ...

North American beaver The North American beaver (''Castor canadensis'') is one of two Extant taxon, extant beaver species, along with the Eurasian beaver (''Castor fiber''). It is native to North America and introduced in South America (Patagonia) and Europe (primari ...

, ''Castor canadensis'' * Giant beaver, ''Castoroides ohioensis'' (E)

Jumping mice Zapodidae, the jumping mice, is a family of mouse-like rodents in North America and China. Although mouse-like in general appearance, these rodents are distinguished by their elongated hind limbs, and, typically, by the presence of four pairs o ...

Woodland jumping mouse The woodland jumping mouse (''Napaeozapus insignis'') is a species of jumping mouse found in North America. It can jump up to using its extremely strong feet and long tail. Taxonomy Representatives of the family Dipodidae are found in the nor ...

, ''Napaeozapus insignis'' *

Meadow jumping mouse The meadow jumping mouse (''Zapus hudsonius'') is the most widely distributed mouse in the family Zapodidae. Its range extends from the Atlantic coast in the east to the Great Plains west, and from the arctic tree lines in Canada and Alaska to ...

, ''Zapus hudsonius'' :( Preble's meadow jumping mouse, ''Z. h. preblei'': ) *

Western jumping mouse The western jumping mouse (''Zapus princeps''), is a species of rodent in the family Zapodidae. It is found in Canada and the United States. Western jumping mice evolved during the Pleistocene, possibly from the fossil species '' Zapus burti'', ...

, ''Zapus princeps'' *

Pacific jumping mouse The Pacific jumping mouse (''Zapus trinotatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Zapodidae. Found in Canada and the United States, its natural habitats are temperate grassland and swamps. Description Pacific jumping mice can be distinguis ...

, ''Zapus trinotatus''

Porcupines Porcupines are large rodents with coats of sharp spines, or quills, that protect them against predation. The term covers two families of animals: the Old World porcupines of family Hystricidae, and the New World porcupines of family, Erethiz ...

Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine The Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine or Mexican tree porcupine (''Coendou mexicanus'') is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Mexico, Nicaragua and Belize.Biodiversit ...

, ''Coendou mexicanus'' *

Brazilian porcupine The Brazilian porcupine (''Coendou prehensilis'') is a porcupine found in Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, French Guiana, Peru, Paraguay, Suriname, Bolivia and Trinidad, with a single record from Ecuador. It inhabits tropical ...

, ''Coendou prehensilis'' *

Andean porcupine The Andean porcupine (''Coendou quichua'') or Quichua porcupine is a species of rodent in the family Erethizontidae. It is found in the Andes of northern Ecuador and Colombia as well as in Panama. This porcupine is little known, but is probably ...

, ''Coendou quichua'' *

North American porcupine The North American porcupine (''Erethizon dorsatum''), also known as the Canadian porcupine, is a large quill-covered rodent in the New World porcupine family. It is the second largest rodent in North America, after the North American beaver ('' ...

, ''Erethizon dorsatum''

Capybaras The capybaraAlso called capivara (in Brazil), capiguara (in Bolivia), chigüire, chigüiro, or fercho (in Colombia and Venezuela), carpincho (in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay) and ronsoco (in Peru). or greater capybara (''Hydrochoerus hydro ...

Lesser capybara The lesser capybara (''Hydrochoerus isthmius'')
University of Michigan M ...

, ''Hydrochoerus isthmius'' * Pinckney's capybara, ''Neochoerus pinckneyi'' (E) * Holmes's capybara, ''Neochoerus aesopi'' (E)

Heptaxodontidae Heptaxodontidae, rarely called giant hutia, is an extinct family (taxonomy), family of large rodents known from fossil and subfossil material found in the West Indies. One species, ''Blunt-toothed giant hutia, Amblyrhiza inundata'', is estimated ...

Blunt-toothed giant hutia The blunt-toothed giant hutia (''Amblyrhiza inundata'') is an extinct species of giant hutia from Anguilla and Saint Martin (island), Saint Martin that is estimated to have weighed between 50 and 200 kg (110 and 440 lb). It was discover ...

, ''Amblyrhiza inundata'' (E) *

Osborn's key mouse Osborn's key mouse (''Clidomys osborni''), also known as the larger Jamaican giant hutia, is a now extinct species of large rodent in the family Heptaxodontidae. It was found on the island of Jamaica and likely became extinct before the end of th ...

, ''Clidomys osborni'' (E) * Plate-toothed giant hutia, ''Elasmodontomys obliquus'' (E) *

Twisted-toothed mouse The twisted-toothed mouse (''Quemisia gravis''), also known as the twisted-toothed giant hutia is an extinct species of rodent in the family Heptaxodontidae. It is monotypic within the genus ''Quemisia''. It was endemic to Hispaniola (today Hait ...

, ''Quemisia gravis'' (E)

Dasyproctidae Dasyproctidae is a family of large South American rodents, comprising the agoutis and acouchis. Their fur is a reddish or dark colour above, with a paler underside. They are herbivore, herbivorous, often feeding on ripe fruit that falls from tree ...

Coiban agouti The Coiban agouti (''Dasyprocta coibae'') is a species of rodent in the family Dasyproctidae. It is endemic to the island of Coiba (Panama) and resembles the more widespread Central American agouti. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat ...

, ''Dasyprocta coibae'' *

Red-rumped agouti The red-rumped agouti (''Dasyprocta leporina''), also known as the golden-rumped agouti, orange-rumped agouti or Brazilian agouti, is a species of agouti from the family Dasyproctidae. Distribution It is native to northeastern South America, wh ...

, ''Dasyprocta leporina'' * Mexican agouti, ''Dasyprocta mexicana'' * Central American agouti, ''Dasyprocta punctata'' *

Ruatan Island agouti The Ruatan Island agouti (''Dasyprocta ruatanica''), also called the Roatán Island agouti, is a species of agouti in the family Dasyproctidae. Distribution It is endemic to the island of Roatán, off the north coast of Honduras. Taxonomy Ther ...

, ''Dasyprocta ruatanica''

Cuniculidae

Lowland paca The lowland paca (''Cuniculus paca''), also known as the spotted paca, is a large rodent found in tropical and sub-tropical America, from east-central Mexico to northern Argentina, and has been introduced to Cuba and Algeria. The animal is cal ...

, ''Cuniculus paca''

Capromyidae

Desmarest's hutia Desmarest's hutia or the Cuban hutia (''Capromys pilorides'') is a stout, furry, rat-like mammal found only on Cuba and nearby islands. Growing to about 60 cm (2 ft), it normally lives in pairs and feeds on leaves, fruit, bark and sometimes small ...

, ''Capromys pilorides'' * Jamaican coney, ''Geocapromys brownii'' *

Cuban coney The Cuban coney (''Geocapromys columbianus'') is an extinct species of rodent in the subfamily Capromyinae. In it’s time, it was endemic to Cuba. Its natural habitats were lowlands moist forests, xeric shrublands and rocky areas. Some scienti ...

, ''Geocapromys columbianus'' (E) *

Bahamian hutia The Bahamian hutia or Ingraham's hutia (''Geocapromys ingrahami'') is a small, furry, rat-like mammal found only in the Bahamas. About the size of a rabbit, it lives in burrows in forests or shrubland, emerging at night to feed on leaves, fruit, ...

, ''Geocapromys ingrahami'' *

Little Swan Island hutia The Little Swan Island hutia (''Geocapromys thoracatus'') is an Extinction, extinct species of rodent that lived on Swan Islands, Honduras, Little Swan Island, off northeastern Honduras in the Caribbean. It was a slow-moving, guinea-pig-like rode ...

, ''Geocapromys thoracatus'' (E) *

Imposter hutia The imposter hutia (''Hexolobodon phenax'') is an extinction, extinct species of rodent in the hutia subfamily (Hutia, Capromyinae). It is the only species in the genus ''Hexolobodon'' and tribe Hexolobodontini. It was found only on the Caribbean ...

, ''Hexolobodon phenax'' (E) * Wide-toothed hutia, ''Hyperplagiodontia araeum'' (E) *

Montane hutia The montane hutia (''Isolobodon montanus'') is an extinct species of rodent in the subfamily Capromyinae. It was endemic to Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and Haiti). History The remains were found in association with those from rats of ...

, ''Isolobodon montanus'' (E) *

Puerto Rican hutia The Puerto Rican hutia (''Isolobodon portoricensis'') is an extinct species of rodent in the family Capromyidae. It was found on Hispaniola (today the Dominican Republic and Haiti) and Gonâve Island; it was introduced to the Virgin Islands ...

, ''Isolobodon portoricensis'' (E) *

Hispaniolan hutia The Hispaniolan hutia (''Plagiodontia aedium'') is a small, endangered, rat-like mammal endemic to forests on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (split between Haiti and the Dominican Republic). It lives in burrows or trees, and is active at ni ...

, ''Plagiodontia aedium'' *

Samaná hutia The Samaná hutia (''Plagiodontia ipnaeum'') is an extinction, extinct species of rodent in the subfamily Hutia, Capromyinae. It was Endemism, endemic to Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and Haiti). Its natural habitat was subtropical or tropic ...

, ''Plagiodontia ipnaeum'' (E) * Cabrera's hutia, ''Mesocapromys angelcabrerai'' *

Eared hutia The eared hutia or large-eared hutia (''Mesocapromys auritus'') is a small, endangered, rat-like mammal found only on the Caribbean island of Cayo Fragoso, off the north coast of Cuba. It lives in coastal mangrove forests and swamps, and is thre ...

, ''Mesocapromys auritus'' *

Dwarf hutia The dwarf hutia (''Mesocapromys nana'') is a small, critically endangered, rat-like mammal known only from Cuba. Aside from tracks, it was last seen in 1937 and may be extinct. It gives birth to only a single offspring at a time, and is threatene ...

, ''Mesocapromys nanus'' * San Felipe hutia, ''Mesocapromys sanfelipensis'' *

Garrido's hutia Garrido's hutia (''Capromys garridoi'') is a small, critically endangered, rat-like mammal found in coastal mangrove forests on Cuba and nearby islands. It is rarely seen and may be extinct. It is a member of the hutia subfamily (Capromyinae ...

, ''Mysateles garridoi'' * Gundlach's hutia, ''Mysateles gundlachi'' * Black-tailed hutia, ''Mysateles melanurus'' *

Isla De La Juventud tree hutia The Isla De La Juventud tree hutia or southern hutia (''Mysateles prehensilis meridionalis'') is a subspecies of rodent in the subfamily Capromyinae. It is endemic to lowland moist forests on Isla de la Juventud in Cuba. It is threatened by hab ...

, ''Mysateles meridionalis'' *

Prehensile-tailed hutia The prehensile-tailed hutia (''Mysateles prehensilis'') is a small, furry, rat-like mammal found only in forests on Cuba. It is the only member of the genus ''Mysateles''. It climbs and lives in trees where it eats only leaves, and it is threate ...

, ''Mysateles prehensilis'' * Lemke's hutia, ''Rhizoplagiodontia lemkei'' (E)

Geomyidae

There has been much debate among

taxonomist In biology, taxonomy () is the scientific study of naming, defining ( circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxa (singular: taxon) and these groups are given ...

s about which races of pocket gopher should be recognized as full species, and the following list cannot be regarded as definitive. Thomomys bottae

Yellow-faced pocket gopher The yellow-faced pocket gopher (''Cratogeomys castanops'') is a species of pocket gopher that is native to shortgrass prairies in the south-western United States and northern Mexico. It is the species that lives north of the Southern Coahuila Fi ...

, ''Cratogeomys castanops'' *

Oriental Basin pocket gopher The Oriental Basin pocket gopher (''Cratogeomys fulvescens'') is a species of pocket gopher which is endemic to Mexico. It was first described in 1895 by Clinton Hart Merriam. It was considered to be a subspecies of Merriam's pocket gopher ('' ...

, ''Cratogeomys fulvescens'' *

Smoky pocket gopher The smoky pocket gopher (''Cratogeomys fumosus'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is endemic to Mexico (Querétaro). Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland. Molecular phylogenetics Molecular phy ...

, ''Cratogeomys fumosus'' *

Goldman's pocket gopher Goldman's pocket gopher, (''Cratogeomys goldmani'') is a species of rodent in the pocket gopher family. It is distributed throughout northern Mexico Mexico (Spanish language, Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a L ...

, ''Cratogeomys goldmani'' *

Merriam's pocket gopher Merriam's pocket gopher (''Cratogeomys merriami'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is endemic to Mexico, where it is found in the area of the Valley of Mexico and the Valley of Toluca at elevations from 1800 to 4000 m. Its fav ...

, ''Cratogeomys merriami'' *

Perote pocket gopher The Perote pocket gopher (''Cratogeomys perotensis''), or Cofre de Perote pocket gopher, is a species of pocket gopher in the family Geomyidae. Range Endemic to Mexico, it is found in the mountains from southern Hildalgo south through Puebla ...

, ''Cratogeomys perotensis'' *

Desert pocket gopher The desert pocket gopher (''Geomys arenarius'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in the state of Chihuahua in Mexico and in Texas and New Mexico in the United States. Description ''Geomys arenarius'' is a medium si ...

, ''Geomys arenarius'' * Attwater's pocket gopher, ''Geomys attwateri'' *

Baird's pocket gopher Baird's pocket gopher or the Louisiana pocket gopher (''Geomys breviceps'')Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. "Geomys breviceps." North American Mammals. 2009. 7 May 2009/ref> is a species of pocket gopher that is native to the south ...

, ''Geomys breviceps'' *

Plains pocket gopher The plains pocket gopher (''Geomys bursarius'') is one of 35 species of pocket gophers, so named in reference to their externally located, fur-lined cheek pouches. They are burrowing animals, found in grasslands and agricultural land across the ...

, ''Geomys bursarius'' *

Knox Jones's pocket gopher Knox Jones's pocket gopher (''Geomys knoxjonesi'') is a species of pocket gopher found in Texas and New Mexico. This species is named for Dr. J. Knox Jones Jr. (1929–1992), a prolific mammalogist at Texas Tech University. It is a relatively s ...

, ''Geomys knoxjonesi'' * Texas pocket gopher, ''Geomys personatus'' *

Southeastern pocket gopher The southeastern pocket gopher (''Geomys pinetis'') is a species of pocket gopher that is native to the southeastern United States. It occurs in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida, where it is the only pocket gopher. Description The southeastern po ...

, ''Geomys pinetis'' * Llano pocket gopher, ''Geomys texensis'' * Tropical pocket gopher, ''Geomys tropicalis'' *

Chiriqui pocket gopher The Chiriqui pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys cavator'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama. Some authors classify it in the genus ''Orthogeomys'', but recent research has allowed this and its rela ...

, ''Orthogeomys cavator'' *

Cherrie's pocket gopher Cherrie's pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys cherriei'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. It is threatened by habitat loss. Some authors classify it in the genus ''Orthogeomys'', but ...

, ''Orthogeomys cherriei'' *

Oaxacan pocket gopher The giant pocket gopher (''Orthogeomys grandis'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras. It is the type species of the genus ''Orthogeomys''; some zoologists also include in thi ...

, ''Orthogeomys cuniculus'' *

Darien pocket gopher The Darien pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys dariensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is occurs in Panama and Colombia. Some authors classify it in the genus ''Orthogeomys'', but recent research has allowed this and its relat ...

, ''Orthogeomys dariensis'' * Giant pocket gopher, ''Orthogeomys grandis'' *

Variable pocket gopher The variable pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys heterodus'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica, usually being found in grasslands and tropical forests at higher altitudes, up to 8,000 feet. It is threatene ...

, ''Orthogeomys heterodus'' *

Hispid pocket gopher The hispid pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys hispidus'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras. Some authors classify it in the genus ''Orthogeomys'', but recent research has allowed t ...

, ''Orthogeomys hispidus'' *

Big pocket gopher The big pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys lanius'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is endemic to Veracruz state in eastern Mexico. It has only been found on the southeastern slopes of Pico de Orizaba, at elevations of . Some auth ...

, ''Orthogeomys lanius'' *

Underwood's pocket gopher Underwood's pocket gopher (''Heterogeomys underwoodi'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is endemic to Costa Rica. Some authors classify it in the genus ''Orthogeomys'', but recent research has allowed this and its related speci ...

, ''Orthogeomys underwoodi'' * Botta's pocket gopher, ''Thomomys bottae'' *

Camas pocket gopher The camas pocket gopher (''Thomomys bulbivorus''), also known as the camas rat or Willamette Valley gopher, is a rodent, the largest member in the genus '' Thomomys'', of the family Geomyidae. First described in 1829, it is endemic to the Will ...

, ''Thomomys bulbivorus'' * Wyoming pocket gopher, ''Thomomys clusius'' *

Idaho pocket gopher The Idaho pocket gopher (''Thomomys idahoensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is rather small, with a lightly built skull. Its fur color varies through the body and between individuals. Found in the western United States, ...

, ''Thomomys idahoensis'' *

Mazama pocket gopher The Mazama pocket gopher (''Thomomys mazama'') is a smooth-toothed pocket gopher restricted to the Pacific Northwest. The herbivorous species ranges from coastal Washington, through Oregon, and into north-central California. Four subspecies of th ...

, ''Thomomys mazama'' *

Mountain pocket gopher The mountain pocket gopher (''Thomomys monticola'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is endemic to California and Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a state in the Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the ...

, ''Thomomys monticola'' * Northern pocket gopher, ''Thomomys talpoides'' *

Townsend's pocket gopher Townsend's pocket gopher (''Thomomys townsendii'') is a species of pocket gopher endemic to the northwestern United States. Description Townsend's pocket gopher is a relatively large gopher, measuring in total length, including a tail long. A ...

, ''Thomomys townsendii'' *

Southern pocket gopher The southern pocket gopher (''Thomomys umbrinus'') is a species of rodent in the family Geomyidae. It is found in Mexico and the United States, usually in high altitude grassland and shrubland. It feeds on plant material and has an extensive burr ...

, ''Thomomys umbrinus'' * Alcorn's pocket gopher, ''Pappogeomys alcorni'' * Buller's pocket gopher, ''Pappogeomys bulleri'' * Michoacan pocket gopher, ''Zygogeomys trichopus''

Heteromyidae Heteromyidae is a family of rodents consisting of kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, pocket mice and spiny pocket mice. Most heteromyids live in complex burrows within the deserts and grasslands of western North America, though species within the gen ...

Ord's kangaroo rat Ord's kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys ordii'') is a kangaroo rat native to western North America, specifically the Great Plains and the Great Basin, with its range extending from extreme southern Canada to central Mexico. Ord's kangaroo rat has a fift ...

, ''Dipodomys ordii'' *

Gulf Coast kangaroo rat The Gulf Coast kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys compactus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae found in Mexico and the state of Texas in the United States. Its appearance and ecology are very similar to those of its putative sister spec ...

, ''Dipodomys compactus'' *

San Quintin kangaroo rat The San Quintin kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys gravipes'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to Mexico, where it is known only from western Baja California. Its natural habitat includes arid lowlands with sparse vegetati ...

, ''Dipodomys gravipes'' *

Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat The chisel-toothed kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys microps'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. There are 13 sub-species. Saltbush leaves are a major dietary component, requiring specialized physiology to eliminate the salt while reta ...

, ''Dipodomys microps'' * Nelson's kangaroo rat, ''Dipodomys nelsoni'' *

Panamint kangaroo rat The Panamint kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys panamintinus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to the Mojave Desert in eastern California and western Nevada, in the United States. Description The Panamint kangaroo rat ...

, ''Dipodomys panamintinus'' * Phillips's kangaroo rat, ''Dipodomys phillipsii'' *

Stephens's kangaroo rat Stephens's kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys stephensi'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to the Southern California region of the United States, primarily in western Riverside County, California, Riverside County. The sp ...

, ''Dipodomys stephensi'' *

Narrow-faced kangaroo rat The narrow-faced kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys venustus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to California in the United States. Like all other heteromyids, the dental formula Dentition pertains to the development ...

, ''Dipodomys venustus'' *

Heermann's kangaroo rat Heermann's kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys heermanni'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. Their long smooth pelage resembles typical kangaroo rats, with their dorsal side showing a mixed range of olive, black and orange colors. There a ...

, ''Dipodomys heermanni'' :(

Morro Bay kangaroo rat The Morro Bay kangaroo rat, ''Dipodomys heermanni morroensis'', is endemic to San Luis Obispo County, California. This subspecies of “Heermann” kangaroo rat today lives only in a restricted 2 km area south of Morro Bay in San Luis ...

, ''D. h. morroensis'': ) *

California kangaroo rat The California kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys californicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. However, populations are declining, having not fully recovered after the drought in California from 2013 to 2015 destroyed their habitat ( ...

, ''Dipodomys californicus'' *

Giant kangaroo rat The giant kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys ingens'') is an endangered species of heteromyid rodent endemic to California. Description The giant kangaroo rat, is the largest of over 20 species of kangaroo rats, which are small members of the rodent f ...

, ''Dipodomys ingens'' *

Banner-tailed kangaroo rat The banner-tailed kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys spectabilis'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in arid environments in the southwestern United States and Mexico where it lives in a burrow by day and forages for seeds an ...

, ''Dipodomys spectabilis'' *

Texas kangaroo rat The Texas kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys elator'') is a rodent of the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Texas and Oklahoma in the United States, where it often lives in association with brush species, like mesquite and lotebush, growing in areas wi ...

, ''Dipodomys elator'' *

Merriam's kangaroo rat Merriam's kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys merriami'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. The species name commemorates Clinton Hart Merriam. It is found in the Upper and Lower Sonoran life zones of the southwestern United States, Baja ...

, ''Dipodomys merriami'' :( San Bernardino kangaroo rat, ''D. m. parvus'': ) *

Fresno kangaroo rat The Fresno kangaroo rat or San Joaquin kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys nitratoides'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to areas within and near the San Joaquin Valley of California in the United States. Habitat destruct ...

, ''Dipodomys nitratoides'' :(Fresno subspecies ''D. n. exilis'' and Tipton kangaroo rat, ''D. n. nitratoides'': ) *

Desert kangaroo rat The desert kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys deserti'') is a rodent species in the family Heteromyidae that is found in desert areas of southwestern North America. It is one of the large kangaroo rats, with a total length greater than and a mass greate ...

, ''Dipodomys deserti'' *

Dulzura kangaroo rat The Dulzura kangaroo rat, or San Diego kangaroo rat (''Dipodomys simulans'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Baja California, Mexico, and in the Colorado Desert and elsewhere in California in the United States. I ...

, ''Dipodomys simulans'' *

Panamanian spiny pocket mouse The Panamanian spiny pocket mouse (''Heteromys adspersus''), also known as Peter's spiny pocket mouse, is a species of Heteromyidae, heteromyid rodent endemic to Panama. It is very closely related to Salvin's spiny pocket mouse, and has been plac ...

, ''Heteromys adspersus'' * Trinidad spiny pocket mouse, ''Heteromys anomalus'' *

Southern spiny pocket mouse The southern spiny pocket mouse (''Heteromys australis'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, Rep� ...

, ''Heteromys australis'' *

Desmarest's spiny pocket mouse Desmarest's spiny pocket mouse (''Heteromys desmarestianus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama Panama ( , ; es, link= ...

, ''Heteromys desmarestianus'' *

Gaumer's spiny pocket mouse Gaumer's spiny pocket mouse (''Heteromys gaumeri'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae.Schmidt, Cheryl A., Mark D. Engstrom, and Hugh H. Genoways.Heteromys gaumeri" (1989). It ranges over northern Belize and Guatemala and the Yucat� ...

, ''Heteromys gaumeri'' *

Mexican spiny pocket mouse The Mexican spiny pocket mouse (''Heteromys irroratus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is native to Mexico and Texas in the United States where it is found in dry, scrubby habitats. The IUCN has assessed it as being of "le ...

, ''Heteromys irroratus'' *

Nelson's spiny pocket mouse Nelson's spiny pocket mouse (''Heteromys nelsoni'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Mexico and Guatemala. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. So ...

, ''Heteromys nelsoni'' *

Painted spiny pocket mouse The painted spiny pocket mouse (''Heteromys pictus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Mexico and the northern tip of Guatemala. It was formerly placed in the genus ''Liomys'', which is now recognized to be paraph ...

, ''Heteromys pictus'' * Salvin's spiny pocket mouse, ''Heteromys salvini'' *

Jaliscan spiny pocket mouse The Jaliscan spiny pocket mouse (''Heteromys spectabilis'') is a species of heteromyid rodent endemic to Mexico. The specific name ''spectabilis'' means "striking", and refers to the animal's relatively bright coloration. It was formerly placed ...

, ''Heteromys spectabilis'' *

Dark kangaroo mouse The dark kangaroo mouse (''Microdipodops megacephalus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon and Utah in the United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), comm ...

, ''Microdipodops megacephalus'' *

Pale kangaroo mouse The pale kangaroo mouse or Soda Spring Valley kangaroo mouse (''Microdipodops pallidus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to California and Nevada in the United States. Description Named for its pale-furred back ...

, ''Microdipodops pallidus'' *

White-eared pocket mouse The white-eared pocket mouse (''Perognathus alticolus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to the San Bernardino Mountains and the Tehachapi Mountains of southern California in the United States. There are two subs ...

, ''Perognathus alticola'' * Arizona pocket mouse, ''Perognathus amplus'' * Olive-backed pocket mouse, ''Perognathus fasciatus'' * Plains pocket mouse, ''Perognathus flavescens'' *

Silky pocket mouse The silky pocket mouse (''Perognathus flavus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in northern and central Mexico and the southwest region of the United States. It is a species of least concern, according to the IUCN, ...

, ''Perognathus flavus'' *

San Joaquin pocket mouse The San Joaquin pocket mouse or Salinas pocket mouse (''Perognathus inornatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to California in the United States where it lives in desert and semi-desert habitats. Description P ...

, ''Perognathus inornatus'' *

Little pocket mouse The little pocket mouse (''Perognathus longimembris'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Baja California and Sonora in Mexico and in Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon and Utah in the United States. Its na ...

, ''Perognathus longimembris'' :(

Pacific pocket mouse The Pacific pocket mouse, ''Perognathus longimembris pacificus'', is endemic to California. It lives in sandy coastal soils of the coastal sage scrub ecoregion. It eats seeds and some insects. It was believed to be extinct until 1993, when a smal ...

, ''P. l. pacificus'': ) *

Merriam's pocket mouse Merriam's pocket mouse (''Perognathus merriami'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in northeast Mexico and New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas in the United States. Its habitat is shortgrass prairie, desert areas with scr ...

, ''Perognathus merriami'' * Columbia Plateau pocket mouse, ''Perognathus parvus'' *

Little desert pocket mouse The little desert pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus arenarius'') is a species of small rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to Baja California in Mexico. Description The little desert pocket mouse reaches a length of about including a tai ...

, ''Chaetodipus arenarius'' *

Narrow-skulled pocket mouse The narrow-skulled pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus artus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is endemic to western Mexico, living west of the Sierra Madre Occidental crest. Description The narrow-skulled pocket mouse is a medium ...

, ''Chaetodipus artus'' *

Bailey's pocket mouse Bailey's pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus baileyi'') is a species of rodent of the subfamily Perognathinae, family Heteromyidae. It is found in Baja California, Sinaloa and Sonora in Mexico and in California, Arizona and New Mexico in the United Sta ...

, ''Chaetodipus baileyi'' *

California pocket mouse The California pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus californicus'') is a species of nocturnal and primarily solitary rodent in the family Heteromyidae. Distribution ''Chaetodipus californicus'' is native to California in the western United States and nor ...

, ''Chaetodipus californicus'' * Nelson's pocket mouse, ''Chaetodipus nelsoni'' *

Dalquest's pocket mouse Dalquest's pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus dalquesti'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae, sometimes viewed as a subspecies of '' Chaetodipus ammophilus''. It is endemic to Mexico. The pocket mouse is named after Walter W. Dalquest (1 ...

, ''Chaetodipus dalquesti'' *

Chihuahuan pocket mouse The Chihuahuan pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus eremicus'') is a species of Heteromyidae, heteromyid rodent found in the southwestern United States and Mexico. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the desert pocket mouse (''C. pencillatus''), bu ...

, ''Chaetodipus eremicus'' *

San Diego pocket mouse The San Diego pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus fallax'') is a rodent species in the family Heteromyidae. It occupies the northern region of Baja California near San Diego extending into Mexico. Description The San Diego pocket mouse occupies the no ...

, ''Chaetodipus fallax'' *

Long-tailed pocket mouse The long-tailed pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus formosus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae. It is found in Arizona, California, Nevada and Utah in the United States and Baja California in Mexico. References

*Patton, J. L. 200 ...

, ''Chaetodipus formosus'' * Goldman's pocket mouse, ''Chaetodipus goldmani'' *

Hispid pocket mouse The hispid pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus hispidus'') is a large pocket mouse native to the Great Plains region of North America. It is a member of the genus ''Chaetodipus''. Distribution The hispid pocket mouse occurs across the Great Plains fro ...

, ''Chaetodipus hispidus'' *

Rock pocket mouse The rock pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus intermedius'') is one of 19 species of pocket mice in the genus ''Chaetodipus''. It is sometimes grouped in the genus ''Perognathus''. Description Found mainly in rocky outcrops in the deserts of the southwes ...

, ''Chaetodipus intermedius'' * Lined pocket mouse, ''Chaetodipus lineatus'' *

Desert pocket mouse The desert pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus penicillatus'') is a North American species of heteromyid rodent found in the southwestern United States and Mexico. True to its common name, the medium-sized desert pocket mouse prefers sandy, sparsely ve ...

, ''Chaetodipus penicillatus'' *

Sinaloan pocket mouse The Sinaloan pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus pernix'') is one of 17 species of pocket mice in the genus ''Chaetodipus.'' Two subspecies of ''C. pernix'' are recognized, ''C. p. pernix'' and ''C. p. rostratus,'' all are endemic to Mexico. This small ...

, ''Chaetodipus pernix'' * Baja pocket mouse, ''Chaetodipus rudinoris'' *

Spiny pocket mouse The spiny pocket mouse (''Chaetodipus spinatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Heteromyidae and order Rodentia. It is found in Baja California in Mexico and in Arizona, California and Nevada. Description The spiny pocket mouse has long ...

, ''Chaetodipus spinatus''

Squirrels Squirrels are members of the family (biology), family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flyi ...

Golden-Mantled Ground Squirrel, Mount Rainier, July 2006

Harris's antelope squirrel Harris's antelope squirrel (''Ammospermophilus harrisii'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Arizona and New Mexico in the United States, and in Sonora in Mexico. They are adapted to hot weather conditions including ...

, ''Ammospermophilus harrisii'' *

Espíritu Santo antelope squirrel The Espíritu Santo antelope squirrel (''Ammospermophilus insularis'') is a species of antelope squirrel in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to Mexico, where it is known only from the island of Espíritu Santo in the Gulf of California. The sp ...

, ''Ammospermophilus insularis'' *

Texas antelope squirrel The Texas antelope squirrel (''Ammospermophilus interpres'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Mexico and in both Texas and New Mexico within the United States. Description Adults can measure up to long, and weigh . ...

, ''Ammospermophilus interpres'' *

White-tailed antelope squirrel The white-tailed antelope squirrel (''Ammospermophilus leucurus'') is a diurnal species of ground squirrel, scientifically classified in the order Rodentia and family Sciuridae, found in arid regions of the southwestern United States and the B ...

, ''Ammospermophilus leucurus'' * San Joaquin antelope squirrel, ''Ammospermophilus nelsoni'' *

Central American dwarf squirrel The Central American dwarf squirrel, also known as Alfaro's pygmy squirrel,(''Microsciurus alfari'') is a small tree squirrel in the genus ''Microsciurus'' and Tribe (biology), tribe Sciurini found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. ...

, ''Microsciurus alfari'' *

Western dwarf squirrel The western dwarf squirrel (''Microsciurus mimulus'') is a small tree squirrel in the genus ''Microsciurus'' and tribe ''Sciurini'' found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of ...

, ''Microsciurus mimulus'' *

Abert's squirrel Abert's squirrel or the tassel-eared squirrel (''Sciurus aberti'') is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' native to the southern Rocky Mountains from the United States to the northern Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico, with concentrations fo ...

, ''Sciurus aberti'' *

Allen's squirrel Allen's squirrel (''Sciurus alleni'') is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' endemic to northern Mexico. It has no recognised subspecies. References

Endemic mammals of Mexico Sciurus Mammals described in 1898 Taxonomy articles crea ...

, ''Sciurus alleni'' *

Arizona gray squirrel The Arizona gray squirrel (''Sciurus arizonensis'') is a tree squirrel, in the genus ''Sciurus'', endemic to the canyons and valleys surrounded by deciduous and mixed forests in eastern Arizona and northern Mexico. It is threatened by habitat l ...

, ''Sciurus arizonensis'' *

Mexican gray squirrel The Mexican gray squirrel (or red-bellied squirrel) (''Sciurus aureogaster'') is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' native to Guatemala and eastern and southern Mexico. It has been introduced to the Florida Keys. The alternate name should ...

, ''Sciurus aureogaster'' *

Eastern gray squirrel The eastern gray squirrel (''Sciurus carolinensis''), also known, particularly outside of North America, as simply the grey squirrel, is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus''. It is native to eastern North America, where it is the most prodi ...

, ''Sciurus carolinensis'' *

Collie's squirrel Collie's squirrel (''Sciurus colliaei'') is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined ...

, ''Sciurus colliaei'' *

Deppe's squirrel Deppe's squirrel (''Sciurus deppei'') is a species of tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' native to Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. Description ''Sciurus deppei'' varies in individual color. Th ...

, ''Sciurus deppei'' *

Red-tailed squirrel The red-tailed squirrel (''Sciurus granatensis'') is a species of tree squirrel distributed from southern Central America to northern South America. Distribution It is found in Central and South America ( Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, ...

, ''Sciurus granatensis'' *

Western gray squirrel The western gray squirrel (''Sciurus griseus'') is a tree squirrel found along the western coast of the United States and Mexico. In some places, this species has also been known as the silver-gray squirrel, the California gray squirrel, the Or ...

, ''Sciurus griseus'' *

Mexican fox squirrel The Mexican fox squirrel (''Sciurus nayaritensis'') is a species of tree squirrel found throughout the Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico as far south as Jalisco — and northward into the Chiricahua Mountains of southeastern Arizona, U.S.Best, T ...

, ''Sciurus nayaritensis'' *

Fox squirrel The fox squirrel (''Sciurus niger''), also known as the eastern fox squirrel or Bryant's fox squirrel, is the largest species of tree squirrel native to North America. Despite the differences in size and coloration, it is sometimes mistaken for ...

, ''Sciurus niger'' :( Delmarva fox squirrel, ''S. n. cinereus'': ) * Peters's squirrel, ''Sciurus oculatus'' *

Variegated squirrel The variegated squirrel (''Sciurus variegatoides'') is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, southern Mexico, Nicaragua, and Panama. Fifteen subspecies are recognised. It is a common s ...

, ''Sciurus variegatoides'' *

Yucatan squirrel The Yucatan squirrel (, ''Sciurus yucatanensis''), originally named the Yucatan gray squirrel, also once named the Campeche squirrel, is a tree squirrel in the genus ''Sciurus'' found in the Yucatán Peninsula and adjacent areas. It is native to ...

, ''Sciurus yucatanensis'' *

Bangs's mountain squirrel Bangs's mountain squirrel (''Syntheosciurus brochus'') is a poorly known species of tree squirrel, that only lives in Costa Rica and Panama. It can be found in mountain rain forests at an altitude between , and lives mainly in the tree tops, but ...

, ''Syntheosciurus brochus'' *

Douglas squirrel The Douglas squirrel (''Tamiasciurus douglasii'') is a pine squirrel found in the Pacific Northwest of North America, including the northwestern coastal states of the United States as well as the southwestern coast of British Columbia in Canada, ...

, ''Tamiasciurus douglasii'' ** Mearn's squirrel, ''T. d. mearnsi'' *

Southwestern red squirrel The southwestern red squirrel or Fremont's squirrel (''Tamiasciurus fremonti'') is a species of tree squirrel endemic to high-altitude regions of the southwestern United States. Taxonomy It was formerly considered conspecific with the Americ ...

, ''Tamiasciurus fremonti'' :(

Mount Graham red squirrel The Mount Graham red squirrel (''Tamiasciurus fremonti grahamensis'') is an endangered subspecies of the southwestern red squirrel (''Tamiasciurus fremonti'') native to the Pinaleño Mountains of Arizona. It is smaller than most other subspecies ...

, ''T. f. grahamensis'': ) * North American red squirrel, ''Tamiasciurus hudsonicus'' *

Northern flying squirrel The northern flying squirrel (''Glaucomys sabrinus'') is one of three species of the genus '' Glaucomys'', the only flying squirrels found in North America.Walker EP, Paradiso JL. 1975. ''Mammals of the World''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Universi ...

, ''Glaucomys sabrinus'' :(Carolina northern flying squirrel ''G. s. coloratus'' and Virginia northern flying squirrel ''G. s. fuscus'': ) *

Humboldt's flying squirrel Humboldt's flying squirrel (''Glaucomys oregonensis'') is one of three species of the genus '' Glaucomys'', the only flying squirrels found in North America. The squirrel was named after the naturalist Alexander von Humboldt and California's H ...

, ''Glaucomys oregonensis'' *

Southern flying squirrel The southern flying squirrel or the assapan (''Glaucomys volans'') is one of three species of the genus '' Glaucomys'' and one of three flying squirrel species found in North America. It is found in deciduous and mixed woods in the eastern half o ...

, ''Glaucomys volans'' *

Gunnison's prairie dog Gunnison's prairie dog (''Cynomys gunnisoni'') is one of five species of prairie dog. This species belongs to the squirrel family of rodents, and are predominantly related to the North American and Eurasian ground squirrels. Gunnison's prairie do ...

, ''Cynomys gunnisoni'' *

White-tailed prairie dog The white-tailed prairie dog (''Cynomys leucurus'') is found in western Wyoming and western Colorado with small areas in eastern Utah and southern Montana. The largest populations are in Wyoming where they are known colloquially as "chiselers ...

, ''Cynomys leucurus'' *

Black-tailed prairie dog The black-tailed prairie dog (''Cynomys ludovicianus'') is a rodent of the family Sciuridae found in the Great Plains of North America from about the United States-Canada border to the United States-Mexico border. Unlike some other prairie dogs, ...

, ''Cynomys ludovicianus'' *

Utah prairie dog The Utah prairie dog (''Cynomys parvidens'') is the smallest species of prairie dog endemic to the south-central steppes of the American state of Utah. The species is listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species with a status of Endangered. ...

, ''Cynomys parvidens'' *

Mexican prairie dog The Mexican prairie dog (''Cynomys mexicanus'') is a diurnal burrowing rodent native to Mexico. Treatment as an agricultural pest has led to its status as an endangered species. They are closely related to squirrels, chipmunks, and marmots. ' ...

, ''Cynomys mexicanus'' *

Alaska marmot The Alaska marmot (''Marmota broweri''), also known as the Brooks Range marmot or the Brower's marmot, is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. Once considered to be the same species as the hoary marmot, it is now known to be unique. Alas ...

, ''Marmota broweri'' *

Hoary marmot The hoary marmot (''Marmota caligata'') is a species of marmot that inhabits the mountains of northwest North America. Hoary marmots live near the tree line on slopes with grasses and forbs to eat and rocky areas for cover. It is the largest Nor ...

, ''Marmota caligata'' *

Yellow-bellied marmot The yellow-bellied marmot (''Marmota flaviventris''), also known as the rock chuck, is a large, stout-bodied ground squirrel in the marmot genus. It is one of fourteen species of marmots, and is native to mountainous regions of southwestern Cana ...

, ''Marmota flaviventris'' *

Woodchuck The groundhog (''Marmota monax''), also known as a woodchuck, is a rodent of the family Sciuridae, belonging to the group of large ground squirrels known as marmots. The groundhog is a lowland creature of North America; it is found through mu ...

, ''Marmota monax'' *

Olympic marmot The Olympic marmot (''Marmota olympus'') is a rodent in the squirrel family, Sciuridae; it occurs only in the U.S. state of Washington (state), Washington, on the middle elevations of the Olympic Peninsula. The closest relatives of this species ...

, ''Marmota olympus'' *

Vancouver Island marmot The Vancouver Island marmot (''Marmota vancouverensis'') naturally occurs only in the high mountains of Vancouver Island, in British Columbia. This particular marmot species is large compared to some other marmots, and most other rodents. Marmots ...

, ''Marmota vancouverensis'' *

Tropical ground squirrel The tropical ground squirrel (''Notocitellus adocetus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. At one time the species was originally described as ''Spermophilus adocetus'', but the genus ''Spermophilus'' was revised and subdivided in 2 ...

, ''Notocitellus adocetus'' *

Ring-tailed ground squirrel The ring-tailed ground squirrel (''Notocitellus annulatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to the Pacific coast region of central Mexico. It is a common species and feeds mainly on fruits and nuts. The IUCN has as ...

, ''Notocitellus annulatus'' *

Baja California rock squirrel The Baja California rock squirrel (''Otospermophilus atricapillus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to Baja California Baja California (; 'Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja C ...

, ''Otospermophilus atricapillus'' * California ground squirrel, ''Otospermophilus beecheyi'' *

Rock squirrel The rock squirrel (''Otospermophilus variegatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae and is native to Mexico and the Southwestern United States, including southern Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, West Texas, and the panha ...

, ''Otospermophilus variegatus'' *

Golden-mantled ground squirrel The golden-mantled ground squirrel (''Callospermophilus lateralis'') is a ground squirrel native to western North America. It is distributed in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia and Alberta, and through much of the western United States. ...

, ''Callospermophilus lateralis'' *

Sierra Madre ground squirrel The Sierra Madre ground squirrel (''Callospermophilus madrensis'') is a species of rodent in the squirrel family. It is endemic to the Sierra Madre Occidental, in northern Mexico. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassl ...

, ''Callospermophilus madrensis'' *

Cascade golden-mantled ground squirrel The Cascade golden-mantled ground squirrel (''Callospermophilus saturatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae, in the order Rodentia. It is the largest species of the three within the genus '' Callospermophilus.'' It is found in the ...

, ''Callospermophilus saturatus'' *

Mohave ground squirrel The Mohave ground squirrel (''Xerospermophilus mohavensis'') is a species of ground squirrel found only in the Mojave Desert in California. The squirrel was first described in 1886 by Frank Stephens of San Diego. It is listed as a threatened spe ...

, ''Xerospermophilus mohavensis'' * Perote ground squirrel, ''Xerospermophilus perotensis'' *

Spotted ground squirrel The spotted ground squirrel (''Xerospermophilus spilosoma'') is a species of ground squirrel in the rodent family Sciuridae. It is found throughout Mexico and the central and western United States. Characterized by a white spotted back, the spott ...

, ''Xerospermophilus spilosoma'' *

Round-tailed ground squirrel The round-tailed ground squirrel (''Xerospermophilus tereticaudus''), known as "Ardillón cola redonda" in Spanish, live in the desert of the Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico. They are called "ground squirrels" because they bur ...

, ''Xerospermophilus tereticaudus'' *

Franklin's ground squirrel Franklin's ground squirrel (''Poliocitellus franklinii'') is a species of squirrel native to North America, and the only member of the genus ''Poliocitellus''. Due to the destruction of prairie, the populations of Franklin's ground squirrel have ...

, ''Poliocitellus franklinii'' * Rio Grande ground squirrel, ''Ictidomys parvidens'' - split from

Mexican ground squirrel The Mexican ground squirrel (''Ictidomys mexicanus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Mexico and the United States. One of its closest relatives is the thirteen-lined ground squirrel (''Ictidomys tridecemlineatus'') ...

, ''Ictidomys mexicanus'' *

Thirteen-lined ground squirrel The thirteen-lined ground squirrel (''Ictidomys tridecemlineatus''), also known as the striped gopher, leopard ground squirrel, squinney, (formerly known as the leopard-spermophile in the age of Audubon), is a ground squirrel that is widely dis ...

, ''Ictidomys tridecemlineatus'' *

Uinta ground squirrel The Uinta ground squirrel (''Urocitellus armatus''), commonly called a "chisler" and ''Potgut'' in northern Utah,Noble, Katie"Animal of the Week: What is a Potgut?" ''The Green Life'', 13 April 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2019. is a species of rod ...

, ''Urocitellus armatus'' *

Belding's ground squirrel Belding's ground squirrel (''Urocitellus beldingi''), also called pot gut, sage rat or picket-pin, is a squirrel that lives on mountains in the western United States. In California, it often is found at in meadows between Lake Tahoe Lake Ta ...

, ''Urocitellus beldingi'' *

Northern Idaho ground squirrel The northern Idaho ground squirrel (''Urocitellus brunneus'') is a species of the largest genus of ground squirrels. This species and the Southern Idaho ground squirrel were previously considered conspecific, together called the Idaho ground s ...

, ''Urocitellus brunneus'' *

Southern Idaho ground squirrel The southern Idaho ground squirrel (''Urocitellus endemicus'') is a species of the largest genus of ground squirrels. This species and the Northern Idaho ground squirrel were previously considered conspecific, together called the Idaho ground sq ...

, ''Urocitellus endemicus'' *

Columbian ground squirrel The Columbian ground squirrel (''Urocitellus columbianus'') is a species of rodent common in certain regions of Canada and the northwestern United States. It is the second largest member of the genus ''Urocitellus'', which is part of the tribe M ...

, ''Urocitellus columbianus'' *

Wyoming ground squirrel The Wyoming ground squirrel (''Urocitellus elegans'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to the Northwestern United States The Northwestern United States, also known as the American Northwest or simply the Northwe ...

, ''Urocitellus elegans'' * Arctic ground squirrel, ''Urocitellus parryii'' *

Richardson's ground squirrel Richardson's ground squirrel (''Urocitellus richardsonii''), also known as the dakrat or flickertail, is a North American ground squirrel in the genus ''Urocitellus''. Like a number of other ground squirrels, they are sometimes called prairie do ...

, ''Urocitellus richardsonii'' *

Townsend's ground squirrel Townsend's ground squirrel (''Urocitellus townsendii'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in high desert shrublands in several areas of the United States. Distribution Townsend's ground squirrel is found in the Great Ba ...

, ''Urocitellus townsendii'' *

Merriam's ground squirrel Merriam's ground squirrel (''Urocitellus canus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It occurs in the western United States in Idaho, Nevada, and Oregon. Description Merriam's ground squirrel is a small, grey, ground squirrel with a ...

, ''Urocitellus canus'' *

Piute ground squirrel The Piute ground squirrel (''Urocitellus mollis'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to the Great Basin region of the western United States, where it is found in parts of California, Idaho, Nevada Nevada ( ; ) i ...

, ''Urocitellus mollis'' *

, ''Urocitellus townsendii'' * Washington ground squirrel, ''Urocitellus washingtoni'' *

Alpine chipmunk The alpine chipmunk (''Neotamias alpinus'') is a species of chipmunk native to the high elevations of the Sierra Nevada of California. Description Alpine chipmunks share the typical pattern of genus ''Neotamias'', being gray-brown overall and ...

, ''Neotamias alpinus'' * Yellow pine chipmunk, ''Neotamias amoenus'' *

Buller's chipmunk Buller's chipmunk (''Neotamias bulleri'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is ...

, ''Neotamias bulleri'' *

Gray-footed chipmunk The gray-footed chipmunk (''Neotamias canipes'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to New Mexico and in the Sierra Diablo and Guadalupe Mountains in the Trans-Pecos region of Texas in the United States. Its natural hab ...

, ''Neotamias canipes'' * Gray-collared chipmunk, ''Neotamias cinereicollis'' *

Cliff chipmunk The cliff chipmunk (''Neotamias dorsalis'') is a small, bushy-tailed squirrel that typically lives along cliff walls or boulder fields bordering Pinyon-juniper woodlands in the Western United States and Mexico (commonly spotted in northern Arizo ...

, ''Neotamias dorsalis'' * Durango chipmunk, ''Neotamias durangae'' *

Merriam's chipmunk Merriam's chipmunk (''Neotamias merriami'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in central and southern California in the United States and a small area in northern Baja California, Mexico Mexico (Spanish language, ...

, ''Neotamias merriami'' *

Least chipmunk The least chipmunk (''Neotamias minimus'') is the smallest species of chipmunk and the most widespread in North America. Description It is the smallest species of chipmunk, measuring about in total length with a weight of . The body is gray to ...

, ''Neotamias minimus'' *

California chipmunk The California chipmunk or chaparral chipmunk (''Neotamias obscurus'') is a species of rodent in the squirrel family Sciuridae. It is found in Baja California, Mexico and in southern California in the United States. References

Neotamias ...

, ''Neotamias obscurus'' *

Yellow-cheeked chipmunk The yellow-cheeked chipmunk (''Neotamias ochrogenys''), also known as the redwood chipmunk, is a species of rodent in the squirrel family, Sciuridae. It is endemic to areas near the coast of northern California in the United States where it inha ...

, ''Neotamias ochrogenys'' *

Palmer's chipmunk Palmer's chipmunk (''Neotamias palmeri'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae, endemic to Nevada. Its natural habitat is temperate forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. Description Palmer's chipmunk resembles other chipmunks in ...

, ''Neotamias palmeri'' * Panamint chipmunk, ''Neotamias panamintinus'' *

Long-eared chipmunk The long-eared chipmunk (''Neotamias quadrimaculatus''), also called the Sacramento chipmunk or the four-banded chipmunk, is a species of rodent in the squirrel family, Sciuridae. It is endemic to the central and northern Sierra Nevada of Califor ...

, ''Neotamias quadrimaculatus'' *

Colorado chipmunk The Colorado chipmunk (''Neotamias quadrivittatus'') is a species of chipmunk in the squirrel family Sciuridae. It is Endemism, endemic to Colorado, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico in the United States. Description It can be found most often in co ...

, ''Neotamias quadrivittatus'' *

Red-tailed chipmunk The red-tailed chipmunk (''Neotamias ruficaudus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Alberta and British Columbia in Canada and Montana, Idaho and Washington in the United States. Description The red-tailed chipmunk ...

, ''Neotamias ruficaudus'' * Hopi chipmunk, ''Neotamias rufus'' *

Allen's chipmunk Allen's chipmunk (''Neotamias senex'') is a species of chipmunk. It is also known as the shadow chipmunk. It is native to the western United States, where it occurs in California, Nevada, and Oregon. It is a common species of the Sierra Nevada. ...

, ''Neotamias senex'' *

Siskiyou chipmunk The Siskiyou chipmunk (''Neotamias siskiyou'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to northern California and central Oregon in the United States. Anatomy and morphology The Siskiyou chipmunk is closest in appearance ...

, ''Neotamias siskiyou'' *

Sonoma chipmunk The Sonoma chipmunk (''Neotamias sonomae'') is a species of rodent in the squirrel family Sciuridae. It is endemic to northwestern California in the United States. Members of Neotamias are characterized by having 2 premolars. ''N. sonomae'' has ...

, ''Neotamias sonomae'' *

Lodgepole chipmunk The Lodgepole chipmunk (''Neotamias speciosus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in the U.S. state of California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly ...

, ''Neotamias speciosus'' *

Eastern chipmunk The eastern chipmunk (''Tamias striatus'') is a chipmunk species found in eastern North America. It is the only living member of the chipmunk genus ''Tamias''. Etymology The name "chipmunk" comes from the Ojibwe word ''ajidamoo'' (or possibl ...

, ''Tamias striatus'' *

Townsend's chipmunk Townsend's chipmunk (''Neotamias townsendii'') is a species of rodent in the squirrel family, Sciuridae. It lives in the forests of the Pacific Northwest of North America, from extreme southwestern British Columbia through western Washington and ...

, ''Neotamias townsendii'' *

Uinta chipmunk The Uinta chipmunk or hidden forest chipmunk (''Neotamias umbrinus''), is a species of chipmunk in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to the United States. Formerly known as ''Tamias umbrinus'', phylogenetic studies have shown it to be sufficie ...

, ''Neotamias umbrinus''

Cricetidae The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At almost 608 species, it is the second-largest family of mammals, and has m ...

There has been much debate among

s about which races of mice and voles should be recognized as full species, and the following list cannot be regarded as definitive. Microtus pennsylvanicus

Chinanteco deer mouse The Chinanteco deer mouse (''Habromys chinanteco'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is endemic to Mexico. This species is known to live in only one location, on Cerro Pelón in the Sierra Juarez, Oaxaca, between 2,080 and 2,6 ...

, ''Habromys chinanteco'' * Delicate deer mouse, ''Habromys delicatulus'' * Ixtlán deer mouse, ''Habromys ixtlani'' * Zempoaltepec deer mouse, ''Habromys lepturus'' * Crested-tailed deer mouse, ''Habromys lophurus'' *'' Habromys schmidlyi'' * Jico deer mouse, ''Habromys simulatus'' * Insular vole, ''Microtus abbreviatus'' *

California vole The California vole (''Microtus californicus'') is a type of vole which lives throughout much of California and part of southwestern Oregon. It is also known as the "California meadow mouse", a misnomer as this species is a vole, not a mouse. It a ...

, ''Microtus californicus'' :(ssp. ''scirpen'': ) *

Gray-tailed vole The gray-tailed vole (''Microtus canicaudus'') also known as the gray-tailed meadow vole or gray-tailed meadow mouse, is a rodent in the genus ''Microtus'' (small-eared "meadow voles") of the family Cricetidae. Voles are small mammals, and this ...

, ''Microtus canicaudus'' * Rock vole, ''Microtus chrotorrhinus'' *

Western meadow vole The western meadow vole (''Microtus drummondii'') is a species of North American vole found in midwestern and western Canada and the United States, and formerly in Mexico. It was formerly considered conspecific with the eastern meadow vole (''M. ...

, ''Microtus drummondii'' *

Florida salt marsh vole The Florida salt marsh vole (''Microtus dukecampbelli'') is a North American vole endemic to the state of Florida in the United States. Taxonomy It was formerly thought conspecific with the eastern meadow vole (''M. pennsylvanicus''), but more ...

, ''Microtus dukecampbelli'' *

Guatemalan vole The Guatemalan vole (''Microtus guatemalensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Guatemala and Chiapas, Mexico, in montane pine-oak forest and meadow at elevations between 2600 and 3100 m above sea level. It is te ...

, ''Microtus guatemalensis'' *

Long-tailed vole The long-tailed vole (''Microtus longicaudus''), in some areas known as the San Bernardino long-tailed vole, is a small vole found in western North America. They have short ears and a long tail. Their fur is gray brown with light gray underparts ...

, ''Microtus longicaudus'' *

Mexican vole The Mexican vole (''Microtus mexicanus'') is a species of vole. The Hualapai Mexican vole (''M. m. hualapaiensis'') was formerly recognized as a subspecies and was a protected taxon under the United States Endangered Species Act until 2017. Sever ...

, ''Microtus mexicanus''
(including ''M. mogollonensis'': , ssp. ''hualpaiensis'': ) and: **

Mogollon vole The Mexican vole (''Microtus mexicanus'') is a species of vole. The Hualapai Mexican vole (''M. m. hualapaiensis'') was formerly recognized as a subspecies and was a protected taxon under the United States Endangered Species Act until 2017. Sever ...

, ''Microtus mogollonensis'' *

Singing vole The singing vole (''Microtus miurus''), is a medium-sized vole found in northwestern North America, including Alaska and northwestern Canada. Physical characteristics Singing voles have short ears, often concealed by their long fur, and a short t ...

, ''Microtus miurus'' *

Montane vole The montane vole (''Microtus montanus'') is a species of vole native to the western United States and Canada. Description Montane voles are medium-sized voles, with a total length of , including the tail. Adults typically weigh anything from , ...

, ''Microtus montanus'' *

Prairie vole The prairie vole (''Microtus ochrogaster'') is a small vole found in central North America. The vole has long, coarse grayish-brown fur on the upper portion of the body and yellowish fur on the lower portion of the body. It has short ears and a ...

, ''Microtus ochrogaster'' *

Tundra vole The tundra vole (''Microtus oeconomus'') or root vole is a medium-sized vole found in Northern and Central Europe, Asia, and northwestern North America, including Alaska and northwestern Canada. In the western part of the Netherlands, the tundra ...

, ''Microtus oeconomus'' *

Creeping vole The creeping vole (''Microtus oregoni''), sometimes known as the Oregon meadow mouse, is a small rodent in the family Cricetidae. Ranging across the Pacific Northwest of North America, it is found in forests, grasslands, woodlands, and chaparral ...

, ''Microtus oregoni'' *

Eastern meadow vole The eastern meadow vole (''Microtus pennsylvanicus''), sometimes called the field mouse or meadow mouse, is a North American vole found in eastern Canada and the United States. Its range extends farther south along the Atlantic coast. The west ...

, ''Microtus pennsylvanicus'' ** Beach vole, ''M. p. breweri'' *

Woodland vole The woodland vole (''Microtus pinetorum'') is a small vole found in eastern North America. It is also known as the pine vole. Characteristics The woodland vole has a head and body length ranging between with a short tail. Its weight ranges be ...

, ''Microtus pinetorum'' * Water vole, ''Microtus richardsoni'' *

Townsend's vole Townsend's vole (''Microtus townsendii'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae, the sister species of '' M. canicaudus''. It is found in temperate grasslands of British Columbia in Canada and in the states of Washington and Oregon in t ...

, ''Microtus townsendii'' *

Jalapan pine vole The Jalapan pine vole (''Microtus quasiater'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae, found only in Mexico. The scientific name ''quasiater'' translates as "almost black", while the common name refers to the city of Jalapa, close to wh ...

, ''Microtus quasiater'' *

Zempoaltépec vole The Zempoaltépec vole (''Microtus umbrosus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. The name ''Microtus'' is from the Greek word ''mikros'' meaning small and ''otus'' meaning ear. The name ''umbrosus'' could be from the Latin ''umbros' ...

, ''Microtus umbrosus'' *

Taiga vole The taiga vole (''Microtus xanthognathus'') is a large vole found in northwestern North America, including Alaska and northwestern Canada. The name "taiga vole" comes from its living in the boreal taiga zone. It is also sometimes called the yello ...

, ''Microtus xanthognathus'' * Sagebrush vole, ''Lemmiscus curtatus'' *

Muskrat The muskrat (''Ondatra zibethicus'') is a medium-sized semiaquatic rodent native to North America and an introduced species in parts of Europe, Asia, and South America. The muskrat is found in wetlands over a wide range of climates and habitat ...

, ''Ondatra zibethicus'' * White-footed vole, ''Arborimus albipes'' *

Red tree vole The red tree vole (''Arborimus longicaudus'') is a rodent of the Pacific Northwest, found in the US states of Oregon and California. They were formerly known as ''Phenacomys longicaudus'' and have also been called the red tree mouse. Descriptio ...

, ''Arborimus longicaudus'' * California red tree mouse, ''Arborimus pomo'' *

Western heather vole The western heather vole (''Phenacomys intermedius'') is a small vole found in western North America. Until recently, the eastern heather vole, (''Phenacomys ungava''), was considered to be a subspecies. They have short ears with stiff orange ha ...

, ''Phenacomys intermedius'' *

Eastern heather vole The eastern heather vole, (''Phenacomys ungava''), is a small North American vole. Until recently, this species was considered to belong to the same species as the western heather vole, ''Phenacomys intermedius''. It is also called the Ungava vo ...

, ''Phenacomys ungava'' *

Western red-backed vole The western red-backed vole (''Myodes californicus'') is a species of vole in the family Cricetidae. It is found in California and Oregon in the United States and lives mainly in coniferous forest. The body color is chestnut brown, or brown mixed ...

, ''Myodes californicus'' * Southern red-backed vole, ''Myodes gapperi'' *

Northern red-backed vole The northern red-backed vole (''Myodes rutilus'') is a small slender vole found in Alaska, northern Canada, Scandinavia and northern Russia.Banfield, A. W. F. 1974. The mammals of Canada. Toronto, University of Toronto Press. Description They h ...

, ''Myodes rutilus'' * Northern bog lemming, ''Synaptomys borealis'' *

Southern bog lemming The southern bog lemming (''Synaptomys cooperi'') is a small North American lemming A lemming is a small rodent, usually found in or near the Arctic in tundra biomes. Lemmings form the subfamily Arvicolinae (also known as Microtinae) together ...

, ''Synaptomys cooperi'' * Brown lemming, ''Lemmus trimucronatus'' * Round-tailed muskrat, ''Neofiber alleni'' *

Northern collared lemming The northern collared lemming or Nearctic collared lemming (''Dicrostonyx groenlandicus''), sometimes called the Peary Land collared lemming in Canada, is a small lemming found in Arctic North America and Wrangel Island. At one time, it was consi ...

, ''Dicrostonyx groenlandicus'' *

Ungava collared lemming The Ungava collared lemming or Labrador collared lemming (''Dicrostonyx hudsonius'') is a small North American lemming. This species has a short, chunky body covered with brownish-grey fur, with a thin dark stripe along the back and a yellow li ...

, ''Dicrostonyx hudsonius'' *

Richardson's collared lemming The Richardson's collared lemming (''Dicrostonyx richardsoni'') is a small North American lemming. At one time, they were considered to be a subspecies of the Arctic lemming, ''Dicrostonyx torquatus''. Some sources believe they are a subspecies ...

, ''Dicrostonyx richardsoni'' * Nelson's collared lemming, ''Dicrostonyx nelsoni'' *

Ogilvie Mountains collared lemming The Ogilvie Mountains collared lemming (''Dicrostonyx nunatakensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Yukon Territory, Canada.Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. (2005). Superfamily Muroidea. Pp. 894-1531 ''in'' ...

, ''Dicrostonyx nunatakensis'' *

Unalaska collared lemming The Unalaska collared lemming (''Dicrostonyx unalascensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. This species is found on two islands, Umnak and Unalaska, in the Aleutian Archipelago of Alaska in the United States. Its natural habita ...

, ''Dicrostonyx unalascensis'' * Goldman's diminutive woodrat, ''Nelsonia goldmani'' * Diminutive woodrat, ''Nelsonia neotomodon'' * Anthony's woodrat, ''Neotoma anthonyi'' (E) *

White-throated woodrat The white-throated woodrat (''Neotoma albigula'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found from central Mexico north to Utah and Colorado in the United States. It is primarily a western species in the United States, extending ...

, ''Neotoma albigula'' *

Bunker's woodrat Bunker's woodrat (''Neotoma bryanti bunkeri'') is an extinct subspecies of Bryant's woodrat in the family Cricetidae. Only five specimens are known; these were collected in 1932 by W.H. Burt and are housed at a museum at UCLA. ''Neotoma bunkeri' ...

, ''Neotoma bunkeri'' (E) *

Bushy-tailed woodrat The bushy-tailed woodrat, or packrat (''Neotoma cinerea'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae found in Canada and the United States. Its natural habitats are boreal forests, temperate forests, dry savanna, temperate shrubland, and t ...

, ''Neotoma cinerea'' * Arizona woodrat, ''Neotoma devia'' * Eastern woodrat, ''Neotoma floridana'' :(

Key Largo woodrat The Key Largo woodrat (''Neotoma floridana smalli''), a subspecies of the eastern woodrat (''Neotoma floridana''), is a medium-sized rat found on less than 2,000 acres (~8.09 square kilometers) of the northern area of Key Largo, Florida, in the ...

, ''N. f. smalli'': ) *

Dusky-footed woodrat The dusky-footed woodrat (''Neotoma fuscipes'') is a species of nocturnal rodent in the family Cricetidae. They are commonly called "packrats" or "trade rats" and build large, domed dens that can reach several feet in height. Coyotes and other ...

, ''Neotoma fuscipes'' :(ssp. ''riparia'': ) *

Desert woodrat The desert woodrat (''Neotoma lepida'') is a species of pack rat native to desert regions of western North America. Description Desert woodrats are relatively small for pack rats, measuring in length, including a tail. They weigh from , wi ...

, ''Neotoma lepida'' * Bryant's woodrat, ''Neotoma bryanti'' *

Allegheny woodrat The Allegheny woodrat (''Neotoma magister''), is a species of " pack rat" in the genus ''Neotoma''. Once believed to be a subspecies of the eastern woodrat (''Neotoma floridana''), extensive DNA analysis has proven it to be a distinct species. ...

, ''Neotoma magister'' * San Martín Island woodrat, ''Neotoma martinensis'' (E) *

Mexican woodrat The Mexican woodrat (''Neotoma mexicana'') is a medium-sized pack rat. Distribution and habitat It ranges from the United States (Utah, Colorado, New Mexico and parts of Arizona and Trans-Pecos Texas) south to Honduras. Although occurring at l ...

, ''Neotoma mexicana'' * Southern Plains woodrat, ''Neotoma micropus'' * Stephen's woodrat, ''Neotoma stephensi'' * White-toothed woodrat, ''Neotoma leucodon'' * Big-eared woodrat, ''Neotoma macrotis'' * Southern pygmy mouse, ''Baiomys musculus'' * Northern pygmy mouse, ''Baiomys taylori'' * Azara's broad-headed rice rat, ''Hylaeamys megacephalus'' *

Tweedy's crab-eating rat Tweedy's crab-eating rat (''Ichthyomys tweedii'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in two disjoint regions in western Ecuador and central Panama. The species is found near fast-flowing streams in primary and secondary f ...

, ''Ichthyomys tweedii'' *

Yellow isthmus rat The yellow isthmus rat (''Isthmomys flavidus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Panama. It was discovered by W. W. Brown Jr. on the southern slope of Volcan de Chiriqui (8° 49' N, 82° 32' W). He found it com ...

, ''Isthmomys flavidus'' *

Mount Pirri isthmus rat The Mount Pirri isthmus rat (''Isthmomys pirrensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is found only in Panama. At the time of its discovery, it was conside ...

, ''Isthmomys pirrensis'' * Martinique giant rice rat, ''Megalomys desmarestii'' (E) * Saint Lucia giant rice rat, ''Megalomys luciae'' (E) * Painted bristly mouse, ''Neacomys pictus'' *

Sumichrast's vesper rat Sumichrast's vesper rat (''Nyctomys sumichrasti'') is a rodent of the family Cricetidae found from southern Mexico to Panama. It is named for the collector of the first specimen, and its closest relative is probably Hatt's vesper rat, a similar, ...

, ''Nyctomys sumichrasti'' * Northern grass mouse, ''Necromys urich'' * Trinidad water rat, ''Nectomys palmipes'' *

Golden mouse The golden mouse (''Ochrotomys nuttalli'') is a species of New World mouse. It is usually 5–8 inches (12–25 cm) in body length, and has a soft pelage that ranges from golden-brownish to burnt orange in color. The genus name comes ...

, ''Ochrotomys nuttalli'' *

Savanna arboreal rice rat ''Oecomys speciosus'', also known as the savannah oecomys, arboreal rice rat, or Venezuelan arboreal rice rat,Duff and Lawson, 2004 is a species of rodent in the genus ''Oecomys'' of family Cricetidae. It ranges over northeastern List of mammals ...

, ''Oecomys speciosus'' * Trinidad arboreal rice rat, ''Oecomys trinitatis'' * St. Vincent pygmy rice rat ''Oligoryzomys victus'' (E) *'' Peromyscus anayapahensis'' (E) *

California mouse The California deermouse or California mouse (''Peromyscus californicus'') is a species of rodent in the subfamily Neotominae in the family Cricetidae. It is the only species in the ''Peromyscus californicus'' species group. It is found in nort ...

, ''Peromyscus californicus'' * Cactus mouse, ''Peromyscus eremicus'' * Northern Baja deer mouse, ''Peromyscus fraterculus'' * Mesquite mouse, ''Peromyscus merriami'' *

Canyon mouse The canyon mouse (''Peromyscus crinitus'') is a gray-brown mouse found in many states of the western United States and northern Mexico. Its preferred habitat is arid, rocky desert. Vegetation has little or no effect on the distribution of canyon ...

, ''Peromyscus crinitus'' * Eastern deermouse, ''Peromyscus maniculatus'' *

Oldfield mouse The oldfield mouse or beach mouse (''Peromyscus polionotus''), is a nocturnal species of rodent in the family Cricetidae and primarily eats seeds. It lives in holes throughout the Southeastern United States in beaches and sandy fields. Predators ...

, ''Peromyscus polionotus'' :( Choctawhatchee beach mouse, ''P. p. allophrys'',

Perdido Key beach mouse The Perdido Key beach mouse (''Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis'') is an endangered subspecies of the oldfield mouse. It is found on Perdido Key, Florida. The small white and gray mouse, weighing only , blends in well with the white quartz sa ...

, ''P. p. trissyllepsis'', St. Andrews beach mouse, ''P. p. peninsularis'',

Alabama beach mouse The Alabama beach mouse (''Peromyscus polionotus ammobates'') is a federally endangered subspecies of oldfield mouse that lives along the Alabama coast. Description The Alabama beach mouse is around 122 to 153 mm (2.8 to 6 in) long and can wei ...

, ''P. p. ammobates'' and

Anastasia Island beach mouse The Anastasia Island beach mouse (''Peromyscus polionotus phasma'') is a subspecies of the oldfield mouse of the southeastern United States. It occurs in the sand dunes of Florida and Alabama beaches. It has been classified by the United States F ...

, ''P. p. phasma'': , Southeastern beach mouse, ''P. p. niveiventris'': ) *

White-footed mouse The white-footed mouse (''Peromyscus leucopus'') is a rodent native to North America from Ontario, Quebec, Labrador, and the Maritime Provinces (excluding the island of Newfoundland) to the southwestern United States and Mexico. In the Maritimes, ...

, ''Peromyscus leucopus'' * Nimble-footed mouse, ''Peromyscus levipes'' *

Cotton mouse The cotton mouse (''Peromyscus gossypinus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae found in the woodlands of the US South. Description Adults are about long, with a tail around , and weigh 34-51 g. Its general appearance is very si ...

, ''Peromyscus gossypinus'' :(ssp. ''allapaticola'': ) * Aztec mouse, ''Peromyscus aztecus'' * Brush mouse, ''Peromyscus boylii'' *

Texas mouse The Texas mouse (''Peromyscus attwateri'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas in the United States. This species is named in honor of Henry Philemon Attwater. Descrip ...

, ''Peromyscus attwateri'' * Big deer mouse, ''Peromyscus grandis'' * Guatemalan deer mouse, ''Peromyscus guatemalensis'' *

Osgood's mouse Osgood's mouse (''Peromyscus gratus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Mexico. Its name references Wilfred Hudson Osgood. References * Baillie, J. (1996).Peromyscus gratus 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Spe ...

, ''Peromyscus gratus'' *Naked-eared deer mouse, ''Peromyscus gymnotis'' *Northwestern deer mouse, ''Peromyscus keeni'' *Black-eared mouse, ''Peromyscus melanotis'' *Mexican deer mouse, ''Peromyscus mexicanus'' *Northern rock mouse, ''Peromyscus nasutus'' *Peromyscus nesodytes, Giant island deer mouse, ''Peromyscus nesodytes'' (E) *Pinyon mouse, ''Peromyscus truei'' *White-ankled mouse, ''Peromyscus pectoralis'' *La Palma field mouse, ''Peromyscus sagax'' *Peromyscus schmidlyi, Schmidly's deer mouse, ''Peromyscus schmidlyi'' *Santa Cruz mouse, ''Peromyscus sejugis'' *Nayarit mouse, ''Peromyscus simulus'' *Slevin's mouse, ''Peromyscus slevini'' *Gleaning mouse, ''Peromyscus spicilegus'' *San Esteban Island mouse, ''Peromyscus stephani'' *Winkelmann's mouse, ''Peromyscus winkelmanni'' *Yucatan deer mouse, ''Peromyscus yucatanicus'' *Chiapan deer mouse, ''Peromyscus zarhynchus'' *Fulvous harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys fulvescens'' *Eastern harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys humulis'' *Western harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys megalotis'' *Plains harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys montanus'' *Coues's climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys couesi'' *Venezuelan climbing mouse, ''Rhipidomys venezuelae'' *Salt marsh harvest mouse, ''Reithrodontomys raviventris'' *Chihuahuan grasshopper mouse, Mearn's grasshopper mouse, ''Onychomys arenicola'' *Northern grasshopper mouse, ''Onychomys leucogaster'' *Southern grasshopper mouse, ''Onychomys torridus'' *Florida mouse, ''Podomys floridanus'' *Hispid cotton rat, ''Sigmodon hispidus'' *Yellow-nosed cotton rat, ''Sigmodon ochrognathus'' *Arizona cotton rat, ''Sigmodon arizonae'' *Jaliscan cotton rat, ''Sigmodon mascotensis'' *Miahuatlán cotton rat, ''Sigmodon planifrons'' *Toltec cotton rat, ''Sigmodon toltecus'' *Bolivar rice rat, ''Transandinomys bolivaris'' *Talamancan rice rat, ''Transandinomys talamancae'' *Tawny-bellied cotton rat, ''Sigmodon fulviventer'' *Alston's brown mouse, ''Scotinomys teguina'' *Chiriqui brown mouse, ''Scotinomys xerampelinus'' *Jamaican rice rat, ''Oryzomys antillarum'' (E) *Coues's rice rat, ''Oryzomys couesi'' *Marsh rice rat, Common marsh rice rat, ''Oryzomys palustris'' (ssp. ''natator'': ) *Oryzomys nelsoni, Nelson's rice rat, ''Oryzomys nelsoni'' (E) *Pennatomys, Nevis rice rat, ''Pennatomys nivalis'' (E) *Chiapan climbing rat, ''Tylomys bullaris'' *Fulvous-bellied climbing rat, ''Tylomys fulviventer'' *Peters's climbing rat, ''Tylomys nudicaudus'' *Panamanian climbing rat, ''Tylomys panamensis'' *Tumbala climbing rat, ''Tylomys tumbalensis'' *Watson's climbing rat, ''Tylomys watsoni'' *Short-tailed cane rat, ''Zygodontomys brevicauda''

Primates

Night monkey, Aotus

*Panamanian night monkey, ''Aotus zonalis'' *Hispaniola monkey, ''Antillothrix bernensis'' (E) *Insulacebus, Haitian monkey, ''Insulacebus toussaintiana'' (E) *''Paralouatta, Paralouatta marianae'' (E) *''Paralouatta, Paralouatta varonai'' (E) *Jamaican monkey, ''Xenothrix mcgregori'' (E)

Howler monkeys

*Coiba Island howler, ''Alouatta coibensis'' *Guyanan red howler, ''Alouatta macconnelli'' *Mantled howler, ''Alouatta palliata'' *Guatemalan black howler, ''Alouatta pigra''

Spider monkeys

*Black-headed spider monkey, ''Ateles fusciceps'' *Geoffroy's spider monkey, ''Ateles geoffroyi''

Cebus

*Colombian white-faced capuchin, ''Cebus capucinus'' *Panamanian white-faced capuchin, ''Cebus imitator''

Saguinus

*Geoffroy's tamarin, ''Saguinus geoffroyi''

Squirrel monkey, Saimiri

*Central American squirrel monkey, ''Saimiri oerstedii''

Lagomorpha, Rabbits and hares

Leporidae

*Aztlanolagus, Atzlan rabbit, ''Aztlanolagus agilis'' (E) *Pygmy rabbit, ''Brachylagus idahoensis'' *Antelope jackrabbit, ''Lepus alleni'' *Tamaulipas jackrabbit, ''Lepus altamirae'' *Snowshoe hare, ''Lepus americanus'' *Arctic hare, ''Lepus arcticus'' *Black-tailed jackrabbit, ''Lepus californicus'' *White-sided jackrabbit, ''Lepus callotis'' *Tehuantepec jackrabbit, ''Lepus flavigularis'' *Black jackrabbit, ''Lepus insularis'' *Alaskan hare, ''Lepus othus'' *White-tailed jackrabbit, ''Lepus townsendii'' *Volcano rabbit, ''Romerolagus diazi'' *Swamp rabbit, ''Sylvilagus aquaticus'' *Desert cottontail, ''Sylvilagus audubonii'' *Brush rabbit, ''Sylvilagus bachmani'' (ssp. ''riparius'': ) *Tapeti, ''Sylvilagus brasiliensis'' *Mexican cottontail, ''Sylvilagus cunicularius'' *Dice's cottontail, ''Sylvilagus dicei'' *Eastern cottontail, ''Sylvilagus floridanus'' *Tres Marias cottontail, ''Sylvilagus graysoni'' *Central American tapetí, ''Sylvilagus gabbi'' *Robust cottontail, ''Sylvilagus holzneri'' *Northern tapetí, ''Sylvilagus incitatus'' *Omilteme cottontail, ''Sylvilagus insonus'' *San José brush rabbit, ''Sylvilagus mansuetus'' *Marsh rabbit, ''Sylvilagus palustris'' :(Sylvilagus palustris hefneri, Lower Keys marsh rabbit, ''S. p. hefneri'': ) *Mountain cottontail, ''Sylvilagus nuttallii'' *Appalachian cottontail, ''Sylvilagus obscurus'' *New England cottontail, ''Sylvilagus transitionalis''

Ochotonidae

*Collared pika, ''Ochotona collaris'' *American pika, ''Ochotona princeps'' *Giant pika, ''Ochotona whartoni'' (E)

Eulipotyphla, Moles and shrews

Talpidae

*Star-nosed mole, ''Condylura cristata'' *Hairy-tailed mole, ''Parascalops breweri'' *Eastern mole, ''Scalopus aquaticus'' *Northern broad-footed mole, ''Scapanus latimanus'' *Southern broad-footed mole, ''Scapanus occultus'' *Coast mole, ''Scapanus orarius'' *Townsend's mole, ''Scapanus townsendii'' *American shrew mole, ''Neurotrichus gibbsii''

Soricidae

*Northern short-tailed shrew, ''Blarina brevicauda'' *Southern short-tailed shrew, ''Blarina carolinensis'' and: **Sherman's short-tailed shrew, ''Blarina shermani'' **Everglades short-tailed shrew, ''Blarina peninsulae'' *Elliot's short-tailed shrew, ''Blarina hylophaga'' *Central Mexican broad-clawed shrew, ''Cryptotis alticola'' *Enders's small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis endersi'' *Talamancan small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis gracilis'' *Goldman's broad-clawed shrew, ''Cryptotis goldmani'' *Goodwin's broad-clawed shrew, ''Cryptotis goodwini'' *Guatemalan broad-clawed shrew, ''Cryptotis griseoventris'' *Big Mexican small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis magna'' *Yucatan small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis mayensis'' *Merriam's small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis merriami'' *Mexican small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis mexicana'' *Nelson's small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis nelsoni'' *Grizzled Mexican small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis obscura'' *Central American least shrew, ''Cryptotis orophila'' *Tropical small-eared shrew, ''Cryptotis tropicalis'' *North American least shrew, ''Cryptotis parva'' and: **Berlandier's least shrew, ''Cryptotis berlandieri'' *Cockrum's gray shrew, ''Notiosorex cockrumi'' *Crawford's gray shrew, ''Notiosorex crawfordi'' and: **Ticul's gray shrew, ''Notiosorex tataticuli'' *Long-tailed shrew, ''Sorex dispar'' *Gaspé shrew, ''Sorex gaspensis'' *Smoky shrew, ''Sorex fumeus'' *American pygmy shrew, ''Sorex hoyi'' and: **Western pygmy shrew, ''Sorex eximius'' *Dwarf shrew, ''Sorex nanus'' *Ornate shrew, ''Sorex ornatus'' (ssp. ''relictus'': ) *Inyo shrew, ''Sorex tenellus'' *Baird's shrew, ''Sorex bairdi'' *Marsh shrew, ''Sorex bendirii'' *New Mexico shrew, ''Sorex neomexicanus'' *Pacific shrew, ''Sorex pacificus'' *American water shrew, ''Sorex palustris'' and: **Eastern water shrew, ''Sorex albibarbis'' **Western water shrew, ''Sorex navigator'' *Fog shrew, ''Sorex sonomae'' *Vagrant shrew, ''Sorex vagrans'' *Cinereus shrew, ''Sorex cinereus'' and: **Maryland shrew, ''Sorex cinereus fontinalis'' *Sorex rohweri, Olympic shrew, ''Sorex rohweri'' (formerly in ''Sorex cinereus'') *Prairie shrew, ''Sorex haydeni'' *Saint Lawrence Island shrew, ''Sorex jacksoni'' *Southeastern shrew, ''Sorex longirostris'' *Mount Lyell shrew, ''Sorex lyelli'' *Preble's shrew, ''Sorex preblei'' *Pribilof Island shrew, ''Sorex pribilofensis'' *Barren ground shrew, ''Sorex ugyunak'' *Alaska tiny shrew, ''Sorex yukonicus'' *Arctic shrew, ''Sorex arcticus'' *Maritime shrew, ''Sorex maritimensis'' *Tundra shrew, ''Sorex tundrensis'' *Arizona shrew, ''Sorex arizonae'' *Merriam's shrew, ''Sorex merriami'' *Saussure's shrew, ''Sorex saussurei'' *Sclater's shrew, ''Sorex sclateri'' *San Cristobal shrew, ''Sorex stizodon'' *Trowbridge's shrew, ''Sorex trowbridgii'' *Montane shrew, Southern montane shrew, ''Sorex monticolus'' and: **Northern montane shrew, ''Sorex obscurus'' *Veracruz shrew, ''Sorex veraecrucis'' *Verapaz shrew, ''Sorex veraepacis'' *Glacier Bay water shrew, ''Sorex alaskanus''

Solenodontidae

*Cuban solenodon, ''Atopogale cubana'' *Giant solenodon, ''Solenodon arredondoi'' (E) *Marcano's solenodon, ''Solenodon marcanoi'' (E) *Hispaniolan solenodon, ''Solenodon paradoxus''

Nesophontes

*Puerto Rican nesophontes, ''Nesophontes edithae'' (E) *''Nesophontes hemicingulus'' (E) *Atalaye nesophontes, ''Nesophontes hypomicrus'' (E) *Slender Cuban nesophontes, ''Nesophontes longirostris'' (E) *Greater Cuban nesophontes, ''Nesophontes major'' (E) *Western Cuban nesophontes, ''Nesophontes micrus'' (E) *St. Michel nesophontes, ''Nesophontes paramicrus'' (E) *Lesser Cuban nesophontes, ''Nesophontes submicrus'' (E) *Cuban nesophontes, ''Nesophontes superstes'' (E) *Haitian nesophontes, ''Nesophontes zamicrus'' (E)

Chiroptera, Bats

Vespertilionidae

*Western pipistrelle, ''Pipistrellus hesperus'' *Eastern pipistrelle, ''Pipistrellus subflavus'' *Brazilian brown bat, ''Eptesicus brasiliensis'' *Argentine brown bat, ''Eptesicus furinalis'' *Big brown bat, ''Eptesicus fuscus'' *Evening bat, ''Nycticeius humeralis'' *Eastern red bat, ''Lasiurus borealis'' *Hoary bat, ''Lasiurus cinereus'' :(Lasiurus cinereus semotus, Hawaiian hoary bat, ''L. c. semotus'': ) *Southern yellow bat, ''Lasiurus ega'' *Desert red bat, ''Lasiurus blossevillii'' *Seminole bat, ''Lasiurus seminolus'' *Northern yellow bat, ''Lasiurus intermedius'' *Western yellow bat, ''Lasiurus xanthinus'' *Allen's big-eared bat, ''Idionycteris phyllotis'' *Spotted bat, ''Euderma maculatum'' *Rafinesque's big-eared bat, ''Corynorhinus rafinesquii'' *Townsend's big-eared bat, ''Corynorhinus townsendii'' :(ssp. ''C. t. virginianus'' and ''C. t. ingens'': ) *Silver-tipped myotis, ''Myotis albescens'' *Southwestern myotis, ''Myotis auriculus'' *Southeastern myotis, ''Myotis austroriparius'' *California myotis, ''Myotis californicus'' *Western small-footed myotis, ''Myotis ciliolabrum'' *Myotis melanorhinus, Dark-nosed small-footed myotis, ''Myotis melanorhinus'' *Guatemalan myotis, ''Myotis cobanensis'' *Long-eared myotis, ''Myotis evotis'' *Elegant myotis, ''Myotis elegans'' *Cinnamon myotis, ''Myotis fortidens'' *Gray bat, ''Myotis grisescens'' *Keen's myotis, ''Myotis keenii'' *Eastern small-footed myotis, ''Myotis leibii'' *Little brown bat, ''Myotis lucifugus'' *Northern long-eared myotis, ''Myotis septentrionalis'' *Indiana bat, ''Myotis sodalis'' *Fringed myotis, ''Myotis thysanodes'' *Cave myotis, ''Myotis velifer'' *Long-legged myotis, ''Myotis volans'' *Yuma myotis, ''Myotis yumanensis'' *Silver-haired bat, ''Lasionycteris noctivagans'' *Arizona myotis, ''Myotis occultus''

Molossidae

*Eumops glaucinus, Wagner's mastiff bat, ''Eumops glaucinus'' *Eumops floridanus, Florida bonneted bat, ''Eumops floridanus'' *Western mastiff bat, ''Eumops perotis'' *Eumops underwoodi, Underwood's mastiff bat, ''Eumops underwoodi'' *Molossus molossus, Pallas's mastiff bat, ''Molossus molossus'' *Pocketed free-tailed bat, ''Nyctinomops femorosaccus'' *Peale's free-tailed bat, ''Nyctinomops aurispinosus'' *Broad-eared bat, ''Nyctinomops laticaudatus'' *Big free-tailed bat, ''Nyctinomops macrotis'' *Mexican free-tailed bat, ''Tadarida brasiliensis''

Antrozoidae

*Pallid bat, ''Antrozous pallidus''

Pteronotus

*Davy's naked-backed bat, ''Pteronotus davyi'' *Big naked-backed bat, ''Pteronotus gymnonotus'' *Parnell's mustached bat, ''Pteronotus parnellii'' *Wagner's mustached bat, ''Pteronotus personatus''

Lonchophylla

*Goldman's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla concava'' *Godman's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla mordax'' *Orange nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla robusta'' *Thomas's nectar bat, ''Lonchophylla thomasi''

Bulldog bat, Noctilionidae

*Lesser bulldog bat, ''Noctilio albiventris'' *Greater bulldog bat, ''Noctilio leporinus''

Balantiopteryx

*Thomas's sac-winged bat, ''Balantiopteryx io'' *Gray sac-winged bat, ''Balantiopteryx plicata''

Mormoopidae

*Antillean ghost-faced bat, ''Mormoops blainvillii'' *Ghost-faced bat, ''Mormoops megalophylla'' *Pristine mustached bat, ''Pteronotus pristinus'' (E)

Phyllostomidae

*Tree bat, ''Ardops nichollsi'' *Mexican long-tongued bat, ''Choeronycteris mexicana'' *Aztec fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura azteca'' *Pygmy fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura phaeotis'' *Toltec fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura tolteca'' *Thomas's fruit-eating bat, ''Dermanura watsoni'' *White-winged vampire bat, ''Diaemus youngi'' *Hairy-legged vampire bat, ''Diphylla ecaudata'' *Enchisthenes hartii, Velvety fruit-eating bat, ''Enchisthenes hartii'' *Mexican long-nosed bat, ''Leptonycteris nivalis'' *Lesser long-nosed bat, ''Leptonycteris yerbabuenae'' *California leaf-nosed bat, ''Macrotus californicus''

Desmodus

*Stock's vampire bat, ''Desmodus stocki'' (E) *Common vampire bat, ''Desmodus rotundus''

Sturnira

*Little yellow-shouldered bat, ''Sturnira lilium'' *Highland yellow-shouldered bat, ''Sturnira ludovici'' *Louis's yellow-shouldered bat, ''Sturnira luisi'' *Talamancan yellow-shouldered bat, ''Sturnira mordax''

Artibeus

*Honduran fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus inopinatus'' *Jamaican fruit bat, ''Artibeus jamaicensis'' *Great fruit-eating bat, ''Artibeus lituratus''

Glossophaga

*Commissaris's long-tongued bat, ''Glossophaga commissarisi'' *Gray long-tongued bat, ''Glossophaga leachii'' *Western long-tongued bat, ''Glossophaga morenoi'' *Pallas's long-tongued bat, ''Glossophaga soricina''

Carollia

*Silky short-tailed bat, ''Carollia brevicauda'' *Chestnut short-tailed bat, ''Carollia castanea'' *Seba's short-tailed bat, ''Carollia perspicillata'' *Sowell's short-tailed bat, ''Carollia sowelli'' *Gray short-tailed bat, ''Carollia subrufa''

Rhynchonycteris

*Proboscis bat, ''Rhynchonycteris naso''

Diclidurus

*Northern ghost bat, ''Diclidurus albus''

Diaemus

*White-winged vampire bat, ''Diaemus youngi''

Diphylla

*Hairy-legged vampire bat, ''Diphylla ecaudata''

Natalus

*Mexican greater funnel-eared bat, ''Natalus mexicanus''

Thyroptera

*Peters's disk-winged bat, ''Thyroptera discifera'' *Spix's disk-winged bat, ''Thyroptera tricolor''

Uroderma

*Tent-making bat, ''Uroderma bilobatum'' *Brown tent-making bat, ''Uroderma magnirostrum''

Vampyressa

*Striped yellow-eared bat, ''Vampyressa nymphaea''

Vampyrodes

*Great stripe-faced bat, ''Vampyrodes caraccioli''

Micronycteris

*Common big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris microtis'' *White-bellied big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris minuta'' *Schmidts's big-eared bat, ''Micronycteris schmidtorum''

Anoura

*Handley's tailless bat, ''Anoura cultrata'' *Geoffroy's tailless bat, ''Anoura geoffroyi''

Cynomops

*Greenhall's dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops greenhalli'' *Mexican dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops mexicanus'' *Southern dog-faced bat, ''Cynomops planirostris''

Cormura

*Chestnut sac-winged bat, ''Cormura brevirostris''

Cyttarops

*Short-eared bat, ''Cyttarops Alecto''

Glyphonycteris

*Davies's big-eared bat, ''Glyphonycteris daviesi'' *Tricolored big-eared bat, ''Glyphonycteris sylvestris''

Lonchorhina

*Tomes's sword-nosed bat, ''Lonchorhina aurita''

Lophostoma

*Pygmy round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma brasiliense'' *Davis's round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma evotis'' *White-throated round-eared bat, ''Lophostoma silvicolum''

Chrotopterus

*Big-eared woolly bat, ''Chrotopterus auritus''

Lampronycteris

*Yellow-throated big-eared bat, ''Lampronycteris brachyotis''

Macrophyllum

*Long-legged bat, ''Macrophyllum macrophyllum''

Mimon

*Cozumelan golden bat, ''Mimon cozumelae'' *Striped hairy-nosed bat, ''Mimon crenulatum''

Phyllostomus

*Pale spear-nosed bat, ''Phyllostomus discolor'' *Greater spear-nosed bat, ''Phyllostomus hastatus''

Tonatia

*Stripe-headed round-eared bat, ''Tonatia saurophila''

Trachops

*Fringe-lipped bat, ''Trachops cirrhosus''

Trinycteris

*Niceforo's big-eared bat, ''Trinycteris nicefori''

Promops

*Big crested mastiff bat, ''Promops centralis''

Centronycteris

*Thomas's shaggy bat, ''Centronycteris centralis''

Choeroniscus

*Godman's long-tailed bat, ''Choeroniscus godmani''

Lichonycteris

*Dark long-tongued bat, ''Lichonycteris obscura''

Wrinkle-faced bat, Centurio

*Wrinkle-faced bat, ''Centurio senex''

Hylonycteris

*Underwood's long-tongued bat, ''Hylonycteris underwoodi''

Musonycteris

*Banana bat, ''Musonycteris harrisoni''

Mesophylla

*MacConnell's bat, ''Mesophylla macconnelli''

Chiroderma

*Salvin's big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma salvini'' *Little big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma trinitatum'' *Hairy big-eyed bat, ''Chiroderma villosum''

Bauerus

*Van Gelder's bat, ''Bauerus dubiaquercus''

Plecotus

*Mexican big-eared bat, ''Plecotus mexicanus''

Rhogeessa

*Yucatan yellow bat, ''Rhogeessa aeneus'' *Genoways's yellow bat, ''Rhogeessa genowaysi'' *Slender yellow bat, ''Rhogeessa gracilis'' *Thomas's yellow bat, ''Rhogeessa io'' *Little yellow bat, ''Rhogeessa parvula'' *Black-winged little yellow bat, ''Rhogeessa tumida''

Peropteryx

*Greater dog-like bat, ''Peropteryx kappleri'' *Lesser doglike bat, ''Peropteryx macrotis''

Phylloderma

*Pale-faced bat, ''Phylloderma stenops''

Ametrida

*Little white-shouldered bat, ''Ametrida centurio''

Ectophylla

*Honduran white bat, ''Ectophylla alba''

Platyrrhinus

*Choco broad-nosed bat ''Platyrrhinus chocoensis'' *Thomas's broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus dorsalis'' *Brown-bellied broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus fusciventris'' *Heller's broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus helleri'' *Greater broad-nosed bat, ''Platyrrhinus vittatus''

Furipterus

*Thumbless bat, ''Furipterus horrens''

Natalus

*Mexican greater funnel-eared bat, ''Natalus mexicanus'' *Trinidadian funnel-eared bat, ''Natalus tumidirostris''

Monophyllus

*Leach's single leaf bat, ''Monophyllus redmani''

Saccopteryx

*Greater sac-winged bat, ''Saccopteryx bilineata'' *Lesser sac-winged bat, ''Saccopteryx leptura''

Phyllonycteris

*Jamaican flower bat, ''Phyllonycteris aphylla'' *Puerto Rican flower bat, ''Phyllonycteris major'' (E) *Cuban flower bat, ''Phyllonycteris poeyi''

Carnivora, Carnivores

Felidae

*Jaguarundi, ''Herpailurus yagouaroundi'' *''Homotherium, Homotherium serum'' (E) *Ocelot, ''Leopardus pardalis'' *Oncilla, ''Leopardus tigrinus'' *Margay, ''Leopardus wiedii'' *Canada lynx, ''Lynx canadensis'' *Bobcat, ''Lynx rufus'' *''Miracinonyx inexpectatus'' (E) *''Miracinonyx trumani'' (E) *''Panthera atrox'' (E) *Jaguar, ''Panthera onca'' *''Panthera spelaea'' (E) *Cougar, ''Puma concolor'' :(ssp. ''P. c. couguar'' ) *''Smilodon fatalis'' (E)

Canidae, Canines

*Dire wolf, ''Aenocyon dirus'' (E) *Armbruster's wolf, ''Canis armbrusteri'' (E) *Coyote, ''Canis latrans'' *Gray wolf, ''Canis lupus'' (and ) *Eastern wolf, ''Canis lycaon'' *Red wolf, ''Canis rufus'' *Crab-eating fox, ''Cerdocyon thous'' *Dhole, ''Cuon alpinus'' (Ex) *Bush dog, ''Speothos venaticus'' *Gray fox, ''Urocyon cinereoargenteus'' *Island fox, ''Urocyon littoralis'' :(ssp. ''U.l. littoralis'', ''U. l. catalinae'', ''U. l. santarosae'' and ''U. l. santacruzae'': ) *Arctic fox, ''Vulpes lagopus'' *Kit fox, ''Vulpes macrotis'' (ssp. ''mutica'': ) *Swift fox, ''Vulpes velox'' (ssp. ''hebes'': ) *Red fox, ''Vulpes vulpes''

Ursidae, Bears

*Arctodus, Short-faced bear, ''Arctodus simus'' (E) *Florida cave bear, ''Tremarctos floridanus'' (E) *Brown bear, ''Ursus arctos'' (includes grizzly bear, ''U. a. horribilis'': , and
Alaskan brown bear or Kodiak bear, ''U. a. middendorffi'') *American black bear, ''Ursus americanus''
(Louisiana black bear ''U. a. luteolus'': ) *Polar bear, ''Ursus maritimus''

Procyonidae

*Northern olingo, ''Bassaricyon gabbii'' *Western lowland olingo, ''Bassaricyon medius'' *Ring-tailed cat, Ringtail, ''Bassariscus astutus'' *Cacomistle, ''Bassariscus sumichrasti'' *White-nosed coati, ''Nasua narica'' *Kinkajou, ''Potos flavus'' *Crab-eating raccoon, ''Procyon cancrivorus'' *Raccoon, ''Procyon lotor'' *Cozumel raccoon, ''Procyon pygmaeus''

Mustelidae, Mustelids

*Tayra, ''Eira barbara'' *Sea otter, ''Enhydra lutris'' :(ssp. ''E. l . nereis'' and ''E. l . kenyoni'': , ssp. ''E. l . nereis'' also ) *Greater grison, ''Galictis vittata'' *Wolverine, ''Gulo gulo'' *North American river otter, ''Lontra canadensis'' *Neotropical otter, ''Lontra longicaudis'' *American marten, ''Martes americana'' *Pacific marten, ''Martes caurina'' *Stoat, Beringian ermine, ''Mustela erminea'' *Haida ermine, ''Mustela haidarum'' *American ermine, ''Mustela richardsonii'' *Least weasel, ''Mustela nivalis'' *Black-footed ferret, ''Mustela nigripes'' (and ) *Long-tailed weasel, ''Neogale frenata'' *Sea mink, ''Neogale macrodon'' (E) *American mink, ''Neogale vison'' *Fisher (animal), Fisher, ''Pekania pennanti'' *American badger, ''Taxidea taxus''

Mephitidae

*Brachyprotoma obtusata, Short-faced skunk, ''Brachyprotoma obtusata'' (E) *American hog-nosed skunk, ''Conepatus leuconotus'' *Striped hog-nosed skunk, ''Conepatus semistriatus'' *Striped skunk, ''Mephitis mephitis'' *Hooded skunk, ''Mephitis macroura'' *Southern spotted skunk, ''Spilogale angustifrons'' *Western spotted skunk, ''Spilogale gracilis'' *Eastern spotted skunk, ''Spilogale putorius'' *Pygmy spotted skunk, ''Spilogale pygmaea''

Otariidae, Eared seals

*Galápagos fur seal, ''Arctocephalus galapagoensis'' (A) *Guadalupe fur seal, ''Arctocephalus townsendi'' *Northern fur seal, ''Callorhinus ursinus'' *Steller sea lion, ''Eumetopias jubatus'' :(ssp. ''E. j. monteriensis'': , ssp. ''E. j. jubatus'': ) (except west of 144° W, where ) *California sea lion, ''Zalophus californianus'' *Galápagos sea lion, ''Zalophus wollebaeki'' (A)

Odobenidae

*Walrus, ''Odobenus rosmarus''

Phocidae, Earless seals

*Hooded seal, ''Cystophora cristata'' *Bearded seal, ''Erignathus barbatus'' *Ribbon seal, ''Histriophoca fasciata'' *Grey seal, ''Halichoerus grypus'' *Northern elephant seal, ''Mirounga angustirostris'' *Caribbean monk seal, ''Neomonachus tropicalis'' (E) *Harbor seal, ''Phoca vitulina'' *Spotted seal, ''Phoca largha'' *Ringed seal, ''Pusa hispida'' *Harp seal, ''Pagophilus groenlandicus''

Perissodactyla

Equidae, Horses

*''Equus alaskae'' (E) *Equus conversidens, Mexican horse, ''Equus conversidens'' (E) *''Equus fraternus'' (E) *Equus giganteus, Giant horse, ''Equus giganteus'' (E) *Yukon wild horse, ''Equus lambei'' (E) *Equus niobrarensis, Niobrara horse, ''Equus niobrarensis'' (E) *Equus occidentalis, Western horse, ''Equus occidentalis'' (E) *''Equus semiplicatus'' (E) *Equus scotti, Scott's horse, ''Equus scotti'' (E) *Hagerman horse, ''Equus simplicidens'' (E) *Haringtonhippus, Stilt-legged horse, ''Haringtonhippus francisci'' (E)

Tapiridae, Tapirs

*Baird's tapir, ''Tapirus bairdii'' *Tapirus copei, Cope's tapir, ''Tapirus copei'' (E) *Tapirus californicus, California tapir, ''Tapirus californicus'' (E) *Tapirus merriami, Merriam's tapir, ''Tapirus merriami'' (E) *Tapirus veroensis, Florida tapir, ''Tapirus veroensis'' (E)

Artiodactyla

Camelidae

*''Camelops, Camelops hesternus'' (E) *''Camelops, Camelops kansanus'' (E) *''Camelops, Camelops minidokae'' (E) *Hemiauchenia macrocephala, Stilt-legged llama, ''Hemiauchenia macrocephala'' (E) *Palaeolama, Stout-legged llama, ''Palaeolama mirifica'' (E)

Tayassuidae

*Mylohyus, Long-nosed peccary, ''Mylohyus nasutus'' (E) *Collared peccary, ''Dicotyles tajacu'' *Platygonus, Flat-headed peccary, ''Platygonus compressus'' (E) *White-lipped peccary, ''Tayassu pecari''

Bovidae, Bovines

*Bison antiquus, Ancient bison, ''Bison antiquus'' (E) *American bison, ''Bison bison'' (Bison bison athabascae, Wood bison, ''B. b. athabascae'': ) *Bison latifrons, Giant bison, ''Bison latifrons'' (E) *''Bison occidentalis'' (E) *Steppe wisent, ''Bison priscus'' (E) *Harlan's muskox, ''Bootherium bombifrons'' (E) *Shrub-ox, ''Euceratherium collinum'' (E) *Muskox, ''Ovibos moschatus'' *Mountain goat, ''Oreamnos americanus'' *Harrington's mountain goat, ''Oreamnos harringtoni'' (E) *Bighorn sheep, ''Ovis canadensis'' :(Desert bighorn sheep, ''O. c. nelsoni'' and Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep, ''O. c. sierrae'': ) *Dall sheep, ''Ovis dalli'' *Praeovibos priscus, Giant muskox, ''Praeovibos priscus'' (E) *Saiga antelope, ''Saiga tatarica'' (Ex) :(ssp. ''S. t. tatarica'': , ssp. ''S. t. mongolica'' ) *Soergelia mayfieldi, Soergel's ox, ''Soergelia mayfieldi'' (E)

Cervidae

*Moose, ''Alces alces'' *Stag-moose, ''Cervalces scotti'' (E) *Elk (wapiti), ''Cervus canadensis'' **Eastern elk, ''C. c. canadensis'' (E) **Merriam's elk, ''C. c. merriami'' (E) *Red brocket, ''Mazama americana'' *Amazonian brown brocket, ''Mazama nemorivaga'' *Central American red brocket, ''Mazama temama'' *Mule deer, ''Odocoileus hemionus'' *American mountain deer, ''Odocoileus lucasi'' (E) *Yucatan brown brocket, ''Odocoileus pandora'' *White-tailed deer, ''Odocoileus virginianus'' :(Columbian white-tailed deer, ''O. v. leucurus'' and Odocoileus virginianus clavium, Key deer, ''O. v. clavium'': ) *Caribou, ''Rangifer tarandus'' :(Rangifer tarandus caribou, Migratory woodland caribou, ''R. t. caribou'': )

Antilocapridae

*Pronghorn, ''Antilocapra americana'' :(Baja California pronghorn, ''A. a. peninsularis'': , Sonoran pronghorn, ''A. a. sonoriensis'': ) *Antilocapra pacifica, Pacific pronghorn, ''Antilocapra pacifica'' (E) *Capromeryx minor, Dwarf pronghorn, ''Capromeryx minor'' (E) *Hayoceros, Barbour's pronghorn, ''Hayoceros barbouri'' (E) *Tetrameryx, Shuler's pronghorn, ''Tetrameryx shuleri'' (E) *Stockoceros, Conkling's pronghorn, ''Stockoceros conklingi'' (E)

Cetacea

Delphinidae (oceanic dolphins)

*Lagenorhynchus albirostris, White-beaked dolphin, ''Lagenorhynchus albirostris'' *Lagenorhynchus acutus, Atlantic white-sided dolphin, ''Leucopleurus acutus'' *Steno bredanensis, Rough-toothed dolphin, ''Steno bredanensis'' *Stenella coeruleoalba, Striped dolphin, ''Stenella coeruleoalba'' *Stenella frontalis, Atlantic spotted dolphin, ''Stenella frontalis'' *Stenella longirostris, Spinner dolphin, ''Stenella longirostris'' *Stenella clymene, Clymene dolphin, ''Stenella clymene'' *Stenella attenuata, Pantropical spotted dolphin, ''Stenella attenuata'' *Delphinus delphis, Short-beaked common dolphin, ''Delphinus delphis'' *Delphinus capensis, Long-beaked common dolphin, ''Delphinus capensis'' *Tursiops truncatus, Common bottlenose dolphin, ''Tursiops truncatus'' *Lagenodelphis hosei, Fraser's dolphin, ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' *Lissodelphis borealis, Northern right whale dolphin, ''Lissodelphis borealis'' *Lagenorhynchus obliquidens, Pacific white-sided dolphin, ''Sagmatias obliquidens'' *Pseudorca crassidens, False killer whale, ''Pseudorca crassidens'' *Phocoena sinus, Vaquita, ''Phocoena sinus'' *Sotalia guianensis, Guiana dolphin, ''Sotalia guianensis'' *Orcinus orca, Killer whale, ''Orcinus orca'' *Grampus griseus, Risso's dolphin, ''Grampus griseus'' *Globicephala melas, Long-finned pilot whale, ''Globicephala melas'' *Globicephala macrorhynchus, Short-finned pilot whale, ''Globicephala macrorhynchus'' *Feresa attenuata, Pygmy killer whale, ''Feresa attenuata'' *Peponocephala electra, Melon-headed whale, ''Peponocephala electra''

Monodontidae

*Delphinapterus leucas, Beluga, ''Delphinapterus leucas'' (Cook Inlet subpopulation: ) *Monodon monoceros, Narwhal, ''Monodon monoceros''

Phocoenidae, Porpoise

*Harbor porpoise, ''Phocoena phocoena'' *Dall's porpoise, ''Phocoenoides dalli''

Kogiidae

*Kogia breviceps, Pygmy sperm whale, ''Kogia breviceps'' *Kogia sima, Dwarf sperm whale, ''Kogia sima'' (Hawaiian Islands only)

Physeteridae

*Physeter macrocephalus, Sperm whale, ''Physeter macrocephalus''

Ziphiidae (beaked whales)

*Mesoplodon europaeus, Gervais' beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon europaeus'' *Mesoplodon densirostris, Blainville's beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon densirostris'' *Mesoplodon mirus, True's beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon mirus'' *Mesoplodon bidens, Sowerby's beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon bidens'' *Mesoplodon stejnegeri, Stejneger's beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon stejnegeri'' *Mesoplodon ginkgodens, Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon ginkgodens'' *Mesoplodon carlhubbsi, Hubbs' beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon carlhubbsi'' *Mesoplodon perrini, Perrin's beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon perrini'' *Hector's beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon hectori'' (A) *Pygmy beaked whale, ''Mesoplodon peruvianus'' (A) *Indopacetus pacificus, Tropical bottlenose whale, ''Indopacetus pacificus'' *Hyperoodon ampullatus, Northern bottlenose whale, ''Hyperoodon ampullatus'' *Ziphius cavirostris, Cuvier's beaked whale, ''Ziphius cavirostris'' *Berardius bairdii, Giant beaked whale, ''Berardius bairdii'' (collective name for two species - Baird's beaked whale and Arnoux's beaked whale)

Eschrichtiidae

*Eschrichtius robustus, Gray whale, ''Eschrichtius robustus''

Balaenopteridae (rorquals)

*Balaenoptera musculus, Blue whale, ''Balaenoptera musculus'' :(ssp. ''brevicauda'' - pygmy blue whale: , ssp. ''musculus'' North Pacific stock: , ssp. ''musculus'' North Atlantic stock: ) *Balaenoptera physalus, Fin whale, ''Balaenoptera physalus'' *Balaenoptera borealis, Sei whale, ''Balaenoptera borealis'' *Balaenoptera acutorostrata, Common minke whale, ''Balaenoptera acutorostrata'' *Species split from the Balaenoptera edeni, Bryde's whale (''Balaenoptera edeni'') (A) : :*Balaenoptera edeni, Bryde's whale, ''Balaenoptera brydei'' :*Rice's whale, ''Balaenoptera ricei'' *Megaptera novaeangliae, Humpback whale, ''Megaptera novaeangliae''

Balaenidae

*Balaena mysticetus, Bowhead whale, ''Balaena mysticetus'' (Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Sea subpopulation: , Svalbard-Barents Sea (Spitsbergen) subpopulation: ) *Eubalaena glacialis, North Atlantic right whale, ''Eubalaena glacialis'' *Eubalaena japonica, North Pacific right whale, ''Eubalaena japonica'' (A) (Alaska) (Northeast Pacific subpopulation: )

Sirenia (sea cows)

Trichechidae

*West Indian manatee, ''Trichechus manatus'' :(ssp. ''T. m . manatus'' - Antillean or Caribbean manatee: , ssp. ''T. m . latirostris'' - Florida manatee: )

Dugongidae

*Hydrodamalis gigas, Steller's sea cow, ''Hydrodamalis gigas'' (E)

Proboscidea

Elephantidae

*Columbian mammoth, ''Mammuthus columbi'' (E) *Pygmy mammoth, ''Mammuthus exilis'' (E) *Woolly mammoth, ''Mammuthus primigenius'' (E)

Mammutidae

*American mastodon, ''Mammut americanum'' (E)

Gomphothere

*''Cuvieronius, Cuvieronius hyodon'' (E) *''Stegomastodon, Stegomastodon aftoniae'' (E) *''Stegomastodon, Stegomastodon mirificus'' (E) *''Stegomastodon, Stegomastodon nebrascensis'' (E) *''Stegomastodon, Stegomastodon primitivus'' (E)

Introduced mammals

Myocastoridae

*Nutria, ''Myocastor coypus'' (I)

Muroidea

*House mouse, ''Mus musculus'' (I) *Norway rat, ''Rattus norvegicus'' (I) *Black rat, ''Rattus rattus'' (I)

Leporidae

*European hare, ''Lepus europaeus'' (I) *Cape hare, ''Lepus capensis'' (I) *European rabbit, ''Oryctolagus cuniculus'' (I)

Cercopithecidae

*Mona monkey, ''Cercopithecus mona'' (I) *Vervet monkey, ''Chlorocebus pygerythrus'' (I) *Green monkey, ''Chlorocebus sabaeus'' (I) *Japanese macaque, ''Macaca fuscata'' (I) *Rhesus macaque, ''Macaca mulatta'' (I)

Mongoose, Herpestidae

*Small Indian mongoose, ''Urva auropunctata'' (I) (Caribbean)

Mustelidae

*Beech marten, ''Martes foina'' (I)

Suidae

*Wild boar, ''Sus scrofa'' (I)

Bovidae

*Barbary sheep, ''Ammotragus lervia'' (I) *Blackbuck, ''Antilope cervicapra'' (I) *Nilgai, ''Boselaphus tragocamelus'' (I) *Bezoar ibex, ''Capra aegagrus aegagrus'' (I) *Siberian ibex, ''Capra sibirica'' (I) *Gemsbok, ''Oryx gazella'' (I)

Cervidae

*Chital, ''Axis axis'' (I) *Indian hog deer, ''Axis porcinus'' (I) *Sika deer, ''Cervus nippon'' (I) *Red deer, ''Cervus elaphus'' (I) *European fallow deer, ''Dama dama'' (I) *Sambar (deer), Sambar, ''Rusa unicolor'' (I)

Notes

*Species listed in Baker et al. 2003, but omitted in this article: Ferret, European ferret, ''Mustela putorius'', Himalayan tahr, ''Hemitragus jemlahicus''.

References

External links

American Society of Mammalogists
- i.e. printable Field Guide to mammals of North America
Search the Division of Mammals Collections
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition (MSW3)
- database of mammalian taxonomy
IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesSearch results
mammalia, North America, 2014-03-29)
Endangered Species Program - US Fish & Wildlife ServiceSpecies Search - US Fish & Wildlife ServiceEndangered Species Act - National Marine Fisheries Service - NOAA

List of Endangered and threatened wildlife
- US Government Printing Office

Lists of Western Hemisphere mammals from north to south

{{Carib mammals Mammals of North America, ' Lists of mammals of North America, Lists of mammals by continent, North America Lists of animals of North America, Mammals

Opossums Opossums () are members of the marsupial order Didelphimorphia () endemic to the Americas. The largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, it comprises 93 species in 18 genera. Opossums originated in South America and entered North A ...

Didelphidae

Armadillos Armadillos (meaning "little armored ones" in Spanish) are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along w ...

Dasypodidae Dasypodidae is a family of mostly extinct genera of armadillos. One genus, '' Dasypus'', is extant, with at least seven living species. __TOC__ Classification Below is a taxonomy of armadillos in this family. Family Dasypodidae *† Genus ...

Cabassous ''Cabassous'' is a genus of South and Central American armadillos. The name is the Latinised form of the Kalini word for "armadillo". Cladogram of living ''Cabassous'' The genus contains the following four species In biology, a specie ...

Chlamyphoridae Chlamyphoridae is a family of cingulate mammals. While glyptodonts have traditionally been considered stem-group cingulates outside the group that contains modern armadillos, there had been speculation that the extant family Dasypodidae could b ...

Pampatheriidae Pampatheriidae ("Pampas beasts") is an extinct family of large plantigrade armored armadillos related to extant armadillos in the order Cingulata. However, pampatheriids have existed as a separate lineage since at least the middle Eocene Muster ...

Anteaters and tamanduas

Cyclopedidae The Cyclopedidae is a family of anteaters that includes the silky anteater The silky anteater, also known as the pygmy anteater, has traditionally been considered a single species of anteater, ''Cyclopes didactylus'', in the genus ''Cyclopes ...

Myrmecophaga The giant anteater (''Myrmecophaga tridactyla'') is an insectivorous mammal native to Central and South America. It is one of four living species of anteaters, of which it is the largest member. The only extant member of the genus ''Myrmecophag ...

Tamandua ''Tamandua'' is a genus of anteaters with two species: the southern tamandua (''T. tetradactyla'') and the northern tamandua (''T. mexicana''). They live in forests and grasslands, are semiarboreal, and possess partially prehensile tails. They m ...s

Sloths Sloths are a group of Neotropical xenarthran mammals constituting the suborder Folivora, including the extant arboreal tree sloths and extinct terrestrial ground sloths. Noted for their slowness of movement, tree sloths spend most of their l ...

Megalonychidae Megalonychidae is an extinct family of sloths including the extinct ''Megalonyx''. Megalonychids first appeared in the early Oligocene, about 35 million years (Ma) ago, in southern Argentina (Patagonia). There is actually one possible find dating ...

Bradypus

Choloepus

Megatheriidae Megatheriidae is a family of extinct ground sloths that lived from approximately 23 mya—11,000 years ago. Megatheriids appeared during the Late Oligocene (Deseadan in the SALMA classification), some 29 million years ago, in South America ...

Mylodontidae Mylodontidae is a family of extinct South American and North American ground sloths within the suborder Folivora of order Pilosa The order Pilosa is a clade of xenarthran placental mammals, native to the Americas. It includes the anteaters a ...

Nothrotheriidae Nothrotheriidae is a family of extinct ground sloths that lived from approximately 17.5 mya—10,000 years ago, existing for approximately . Previously placed within the tribe Nothrotheriini or subfamily Nothrotheriinae within Megatheriidae, they ...

Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...s

Echimyidae Echimyidae is the family of neotropical spiny rats and their fossil relatives. This is the most species-rich family of hystricognath rodents. It is probably also the most ecologically diverse, with members ranging from fully arboreal to terres ...

Aplodontiidae The family Aplodontiidae also known as Aplodontidae, Haplodontiidae or Haploodontini is traditionally classified as the sole extant family of the suborder Protrogomorpha. It may be the sister family of the Sciuridae. There are fossils from the ...

Beavers Beavers are large, semiaquatic rodents in the genus ''Castor'' native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. There are two extant species: the North American beaver (''Castor canadensis'') and the Eurasian beaver (''C. fiber''). Beavers a ...

Jumping mice Zapodidae, the jumping mice, is a family of mouse-like rodents in North America and China. Although mouse-like in general appearance, these rodents are distinguished by their elongated hind limbs, and, typically, by the presence of four pairs o ...

Porcupines Porcupines are large rodents with coats of sharp spines, or quills, that protect them against predation. The term covers two families of animals: the Old World porcupines of family Hystricidae, and the New World porcupines of family, Erethiz ...

Capybaras The capybaraAlso called capivara (in Brazil), capiguara (in Bolivia), chigüire, chigüiro, or fercho (in Colombia and Venezuela), carpincho (in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay) and ronsoco (in Peru). or greater capybara (''Hydrochoerus hydro ...

Heptaxodontidae Heptaxodontidae, rarely called giant hutia, is an extinct family (taxonomy), family of large rodents known from fossil and subfossil material found in the West Indies. One species, ''Blunt-toothed giant hutia, Amblyrhiza inundata'', is estimated ...

Dasyproctidae Dasyproctidae is a family of large South American rodents, comprising the agoutis and acouchis. Their fur is a reddish or dark colour above, with a paler underside. They are herbivore, herbivorous, often feeding on ripe fruit that falls from tree ...

Cuniculidae

Capromyidae

Geomyidae

Heteromyidae Heteromyidae is a family of rodents consisting of kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, pocket mice and spiny pocket mice. Most heteromyids live in complex burrows within the deserts and grasslands of western North America, though species within the gen ...

Squirrels Squirrels are members of the family (biology), family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flyi ...

Cricetidae The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At almost 608 species, it is the second-largest family of mammals, and has m ...

Primates

Night monkey, Aotus

Howler monkeys

Spider monkeys

Cebus

Saguinus

Squirrel monkey, Saimiri

Lagomorpha, Rabbits and hares

Leporidae

Ochotonidae

Eulipotyphla, Moles and shrews

Talpidae

Soricidae

Solenodontidae

Nesophontes

Chiroptera, Bats

Vespertilionidae

Molossidae

Antrozoidae

Pteronotus

Lonchophylla

Bulldog bat, Noctilionidae

Balantiopteryx

Mormoopidae

Phyllostomidae

Desmodus

Sturnira

Artibeus

Glossophaga

Carollia

Rhynchonycteris

Diclidurus

Diaemus

Diphylla

Natalus

Thyroptera

Uroderma

Vampyressa

Vampyrodes

Micronycteris

Anoura

Cynomops

Cormura

Cyttarops

Glyphonycteris

Lonchorhina

Lophostoma

Dasypodidae Dasypodidae is a family of mostly extinct genera of armadillos. One genus, '' Dasypus'', is extant, with at least seven living species. TOC Classification Below is a taxonomy of armadillos in this family. Family Dasypodidae *† Genus ...

Tamandua ''Tamandua'' is a genus of anteaters with two species: the southern tamandua (''T. tetradactyla'') and the northern tamandua (''T. mexicana''). They live in forests and grasslands, are semiarboreal, and possess partially prehensile tails. They m ...
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Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are na ...
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