List of mammals of Iran
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IUCN Red List The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biolo ...
status of the 261
mammal Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur ...
species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriat ...
occurring in
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
. Two of them are critically endangered, six are
endangered An endangered species is a species that is very likely to become extinct in the near future, either worldwide or in a particular political jurisdiction. Endangered species may be at risk due to factors such as habitat loss, poaching and in ...
, 17 are vulnerable, and five are
near threatened A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify fo ...
. Another 11 species are likely present. The following tags are used to highlight each species' status as assessed on the respective IUCN Red List published by the
International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...
:


Order:

Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct ...
(manatees and dugongs)

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. * Family:
Dugongidae Dugongidae is a family in the order of Sirenia. The family has one surviving species, the dugong (''Dugong dugon''), one recently extinct species, Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas''), and a number of extinct genera known from fossil reco ...
** Genus: ''
Dugong The dugong (; ''Dugong dugon'') is a marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest m ...
'' ***
Dugong The dugong (; ''Dugong dugon'') is a marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest m ...
, ''D. dugon'' presence uncertain, possible vagrant


Order:

Rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...
ia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two
incisor Incisors (from Latin ''incidere'', "to cut") are the front teeth present in most mammals. They are located in the premaxilla above and on the mandible below. Humans have a total of eight (two on each side, top and bottom). Opossums have 18, wher ...
s in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. * Suborder:
Hystricomorpha The term Hystricomorpha (from Greek ὕστριξ, ''hystrix'' 'porcupine' and Greek μορφή, ''morphē'' 'form') has had many definitions throughout its history. In the broadest sense, it refers to any rodent (except dipodoids) with a hystr ...
** Family: Hystricidae *** Genus: '' Hystrix'' ****
Indian crested porcupine The Indian crested porcupine (''Hystrix indica'') is a hystricomorph rodent species native to southern Asia and the Middle East. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. It belongs to the Old World porcupine family, Hystricidae. De ...
, ''H. indica'' * Suborder:
Sciurognathi Sciurognathi is a suborder of rodents that includes squirrels, chipmunks, beavers, and many types of mice. The group is characterized by a specific shape to the lower jaw. In sciurognaths, the angular process of the jaw is in the same plane as ...
** Family:
Sciuridae Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels (including chipmunks and prairie dogs, among others), and flying squirrels. Squ ...
(squirrels) *** Subfamily:
Sciurinae Sciurinae is a subfamily of squirrels (in the family Sciuridae), uniting the flying squirrels with certain related tree squirrels. Older sources place the flying squirrels in a separate subfamily (Pteromyinae) and unite all remaining sciurids into ...
**** Tribe:
Sciurini Sciurini is a tribe that includes about forty species of squirrels,Thorington and Hoffmann, 2005, p. 754 mostly from the Americas. It includes five living genera—the American dwarf squirrels, '' Microsciurus''; the Bornean '' Rheithrosciuru ...
***** Genus: ''
Sciurus The genus ''Sciurus'' contains most of the common, bushy-tailed squirrels in North America, Europe, temperate Asia, Central America and South America. Species The number of species in the genus is subject to change. In 2005, Thorington & H ...
'' ****** Caucasian squirrel, ''S. anomalus'' LC *** Subfamily:
Callosciurinae The Callosciurinae are an Asiatic subfamily of squirrels containing over 60 species (mostly found in South East Asia) named after the genus ''Callosciurus'', which means "beautiful squirrels". Classification *Family SciuridaeThorington, R. W. Jr ...
**** Genus: '' Funambulus'' *****
Northern palm squirrel The northern palm squirrel (''Funambulus pennantii'') also called the five-striped palm squirrel is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. Some authorities recognize two subspecies, ''F. p. pennantii'' and ''F. p. argentescens''. It is ...
, ''Funambulus pennantii'' LC *** Subfamily:
Xerinae The Xerinae comprise a subfamily of squirrels, many of which are highly terrestrial. It includes the tribes Marmotini (marmots, chipmunks, prairie dogs, and other Holarctic ground squirrels), Xerini (African and some Eurasian ground squirrels), ...
**** Tribe:
Xerini Xerini is a tribe of ground squirrels occurring in Africa and Asia. With the tribes Marmotini (Holarctic ground squirrels) and Protoxerini (African tree squirrels), they form the subfamily Xerinae. There are five living genera—'' Xerus'', the ...
***** Genus: '' Spermophilopsis'' ****** Long-clawed ground squirrel, ''Spermophilopsis leptodactylus'' LC **** Tribe: Marmotini ***** Genus: '' Spermophilus'' ******
Yellow ground squirrel The yellow ground squirrel (''Spermophilus fulvus'') is a large and sturdy ground squirrel species native to Afghanistan, China, Iran, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Russia. It inhabits sandy steppes with Artemisia, glasswort an ...
, ''S. fulvus'' LC ****** Asia Minor ground squirrel, ''S. xanthoprymnus'' NT ** Family: Gliridae (dormice) *** Subfamily:
Leithiinae Leithiinae is a subfamily of dormice. It is named after the '' Leithia'', an extinct genus of giant dormouse from the Pleistocene of Sicily. Classification Subfamily Leithiinae *Genus '' Chaetocauda'' **Chinese dormouse, ''Chaetocauda sichuanens ...
**** Genus: ''
Dryomys ''Dryomys'' is a genus of dormouse. Collectively the members of the genus are referred to as forest dormice, although the type species also goes by the common name forest dormouse. Species The species within the genus ''Dryomys'' are: *''Dryomys ...
'' *****
Forest dormouse The forest dormouse (''Dryomys nitedula'') is a species of rodent in the family Gliridae found in eastern Europe, the Balkans and parts of western Central Asia. It is categorized as being of least concern in the ''IUCN List of Threatened Specie ...
, ''Dryomys nitedula'' LC **** Genus: '' Myomimus'' ***** Masked mouse-tailed dormouse, ''Myomimus personatus'' DD ***** Setzer's mouse-tailed dormouse, ''Myomimus setzeri'' DD *** Subfamily:
Glirinae The Glirinae are a subfamily of dormice (Gliridae); it contains two extant genera, one being monotypic and the other containing two species: Subfamily Glirinae *Genus '' Glirulus'' **Japanese dormouse, ''Glirulus japonicus'' *Genus ''Glis Gl ...
**** Genus: ''
Glis Glis was an electronic music project founded in 2001 by Shaun Frandsen of Seattle, WA. The band experienced several lineup changes and guest appearances, with frontman Shaun Frandsen acting as primary producer, vocalist, songwriter, and instrume ...
'' *****
Iranian edible dormouse The Iranian edible dormouse or Iranian fat dormouse (''Glis persicus'') is a species of dormouse native to Western and Central Asia. It is one of only two species in the genus ''Glis''. Taxonomy It was long considered conspecific with the Euro ...
, ''Glis persicus'' NE ** Family:
Dipodidae Jerboas (from ar, جربوع ') are hopping desert rodents found throughout North Africa and Asia, and are members of the family Dipodidae. They tend to live in hot deserts. When chased, jerboas can run at up to . Some species are preyed on b ...
(jerboas) *** Subfamily:
Allactaginae Allactaginae is a subfamily of rodents. Classification Subfamily Allactaginae *Genus ''Allactaga'' **''incertae sedis'' ***''Allactaga toussi'' **Subgenus ''Allactaga'' ***Small five-toed jerboa, ''Allactaga elater'' *** Iranian jerboa, ''Alla ...
**** Genus: ''
Allactaga The genus ''Allactaga'' contains the four and five-toed jerboas of Asia. They are small mammals belonging to the order of rodents. They are characteristically known as the hopping rodents of the desert and semi-arid regions. They have long hind f ...
'' *****
Small five-toed jerboa The small five-toed jerboa (''Allactaga elater'') is a rodent of the family Dipodidae and genus ''Allactaga'', that has five digits. They are hopping rodents of the rocky deserts in Asia. They have been found in Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, ...
, ''Allactaga elater'' LC *****
Euphrates jerboa The Euphrates jerboa (''Allactaga euphratica'') is a rodent of the family Dipodidae and genus Allactaga. They are characteristically known as hopping rodents. They have been found in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia ...
, ''Allactaga euphratica'' LC ***** Iranian jerboa, ''Allactaga firouzi'' DD ***** Hotson's jerboa, ''Allactaga hotsoni'' LC ***** Williams' jerboa, ''Allactaga williamsi'' LC ***** Tousi jerboa, ''Allactaga toussi'' **** Genus: ''
Pygeretmus ''Pygeretmus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Dipodidae. It contains the following species: * Lesser fat-tailed jerboa (''Pygeretmus platyurus'') * Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa (''Pygeretmus pumilio'') * Greater fat-tailed jerboa The greater ...
'' *****
Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa The dwarf fat-tailed jerboa (''Pygeretmus pumilio'') is a species of rodent in the family Dipodidae. It is found in China, Iran, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental count ...
, ''Pygeretmus pumilio'' LC *** Subfamily:
Dipodinae Dipodinae is a subfamily of Dipodidae. Classification Subfamily Dipodinae *Tribe Dipodini **Genus '' Dipus'' *** Northern three-toed jerboa, ''Dipus sagitta'' **Genus '' Eremodipus'' *** Lichtenstein's jerboa, ''Eremodipus lichtensteini'' **Gen ...
**** Genus: '' Dipus'' ***** Northern three-toed jerboa, ''Dipus sagitta'' LC **** Genus: '' Jaculus'' *****
Blanford's jerboa Blanford's jerboa (''Jaculus blanfordi'') is a species of rodent in the family Dipodidae. It is native to Central Asia and is found in Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. Taxonomy Blanford's jerboa was first described in ...
, ''Jaculus blanfordi'' LC *****
Lesser Egyptian jerboa The lesser jerboa (''Jaculus jaculus'') is a small rodent of Africa and the Middle East. Its diet consists mainly of seeds and grasses. Description A small rodent, it is sometimes likened to a tiny kangaroo due to its incredibly large hind legs ...
, ''Jaculus jaculus'' LC ***** Thaler three-toed jerboa, ''Jaculus thaleri'' ** Family:
Spalacidae The Spalacidae, or spalacids, are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. They are native to eastern Asia, the Horn of Africa, the Middle East, and southeastern Europe. It includes the blind mole-rats, bamboo rats, m ...
*** Genus: ''
Spalax ''Spalax'' is a genus of rodent in the family Spalacidae, subfamily '' Spalacinae'' (blind mole-rats). It is one of two extant genera in the subfamily Spalacinae, alongside ''Nannospalax''.' Species in this genus are found in eastern Europe ...
'' ****
Lesser mole rat The lesser blind mole-rat (''Spalax leucodon'') is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae. It is found in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Hungary, North Macedonia, Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, Turkey and Ukrain ...
, ''Spalax leucodon'' LC ** Family:
Calomyscidae 200px, right 200px, Mouse-like hamster using its tail for balance while standing on a branch (a feat difficult for hamsters) Mouse-like hamsters are a group of small rodents found in Syria, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakis ...
*** Genus: '' Calomyscus'' ****
Zagros Mountains mouse-like hamster The Zagros Mountains mouse-like hamster (''Calomyscus bailwardi'') is a relatively little-known rodent which was the first species of mouse-like hamster to be described. The species is distributed throughout much of southern Iran, particularly in ...
, ''Calomyscus bailwardi'' LC **** Afghan mouse-like hamster, ''Calomyscus mystax'' LC **** Urar mouse-like hamster, ''Calomyscus urartensis'' LC **** Goodwin's mouse-like hamster, ''Calomyscus elburzensis'' LC **** Noble mouse-like hamster, ''Calomyscus grandis'' ** Family:
Cricetidae The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At almost 608 species, it is the second-largest family of mammals, and h ...
*** Subfamily: Cricetinae **** Genus: ''
Cricetulus ''Cricetulus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae (voles and hamsters); it has seven member species that inhabit arid or semi-arid regions in Eurasia. They tend to be more ratlike in appearance than typical hamsters, hence the com ...
'' *****
Grey dwarf hamster The grey dwarf hamster, grey hamster or migratory hamster (''Cricetulus migratorius'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. Its range extends from Eastern Europe through the Middle East, Russia and Central Asia to Mongolia and western ...
, ''Cricetulus migratorius'' LC **** Genus: ''
Mesocricetus ''Mesocricetus'' is a genus of Old World hamsters, including the Syrian or golden hamster, the first hamster to be introduced as a domestic pet, and still the most popular species of hamster for that purpose. Recent research has shown that, unl ...
'' *****
Turkish hamster The Turkish hamster (''Mesocricetus brandti''), also referred to as Brandt's hamster, Azerbaijani hamster, or ''avurtlak'', is a species of hamster native to Turkey, Armenia and other surrounding nations. The Turkish hamster, first catalogued in ...
, ''Mesocricetus brandti'' LC ***** Golden hamster, ''Mesocricetus auratus'' LC *** Subfamily:
Arvicolinae The Arvicolinae are a subfamily of rodents that includes the voles, lemmings, and muskrats. They are most closely related to the other subfamilies in the Cricetidae (comprising the hamsters and New World rats and mice). Some authorities place ...
**** Genus: ''
Arvicola The water voles are large voles in the genus ''Arvicola''. They are found in both aquatic and dry habitat through Europe and much of northern Asia. A water vole found in Western North America was historically considered a member of this genus ...
'' *****
European water vole The European water vole or northern water vole (''Arvicola amphibius''), is a semi-aquatic rodent. It is often informally called the water rat, though it only superficially resembles a true rat. Water voles have rounder noses than rats, deep br ...
, ''A. amphibius'' **** Genus: '' Blanfordimys'' *****
Afghan vole The Afghan vole (''Microtus afghanus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in south-central Asia. Characteristics The Afghan vole has a small, stocky body, a blunt, rounded muzzle and rounded ears. The colour varies a ...
, ''Blanfordimys afghanus'' LC **** Genus: ''
Chionomys ''Chionomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It contains the following species: * Caucasian snow vole (''Chionomys gud'') * European snow vole (''Chionomys nivalis'') * Robert's snow vole Robert's snow vole (''Chionomys robe ...
'' ***** European snow vole, ''Chionomys nivalis'' **** Genus: ''
Ellobius ''Ellobius'' is a genus of rodents in the family Cricetidae. It is the only member of the tribe Ellobiusini. It contains two ('' E. lutescens'' and '' E. tancrei'') of the handful of examples of mammal species that have lost the Y chromosome. T ...
'' *****
Northern mole vole The northern mole vole (''Ellobius talpinus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is distributed over large parts of Eastern Europe and Asia. Distribution This vole is found in Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan an ...
, ''Ellobius talpinus'' LC *****
Southern mole vole The southern mole vole (''Ellobius fuscocapillus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, and Turkmenistan. Chromosomes Southern mole voles are the only member of ''Ellobius ''Ellobius'' ...
, ''Ellobius fuscocapillus'' LC *****
Transcaucasian mole vole The Transcaucasian mole vole (''Ellobius lutescens'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, and Turkey. Chromosomes The karyotype has a low, odd, diploid number, 2n = 17,X. Transca ...
, ''Ellobius lutescens'' LC **** Genus: ''
Microtus ''Microtus'' is a genus of voles found in North America, Europe and northern Asia. The genus name refers to the small ears of these animals. About 62 species are placed in the genus. They are stout rodents with short ears, legs and tails. They ea ...
'' *****
Günther's vole Günther's vole (''Microtus guentheri'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae, also known by the name Levant vole. It is found in Bulgaria, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, North Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro, Syria, Tur ...
, ''Microtus guentheri'' LC *****
Persian vole The Persian vole (''Microtus irani'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is only found in Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is b ...
, ''Microtus irani'' LC ***** Baluchistan vole, ''Microtus kermanensis'' EN ***** Altai vole, ''Microtus obscurus'' LC ***** Social vole, ''Microtus socialis'' LC ***** Transcaspian vole, ''Microtus transcaspicus'' LC ***** European pine vole, ''Microtus subterraneus'' LC ***** Common vole, ''Microtus arvalis'' LC ***** Major's pine vole, ''Microtus majori'' LC ***** Sibling vole, ''Microtus levis'' ***** Qazvin vole, ''Microtus qazvinensis'' *****
Paradox vole The paradox vole ('Microtus paradoxus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae found in southern Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by ...
, ''Microtus paradoxus'' ***** Schelkovnikov's pine vole, ''Microtus schelkovnikovi'' *****
Daghestan pine vole The Daghestan pine vole (''Microtus daghestanicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found in Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also ...
, ''Microtus daghestanicus'' ** Family:
Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae comes ...
(mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.) *** Subfamily:
Deomyinae The subfamily Deomyinae consists of four genera of mouse-like rodents that were placed in the subfamilies Murinae and Dendromurinae until very recently. They are sometimes called the Acomyinae, particularly in references that antedate the di ...
**** Genus: '' Acomys'' *****
Cairo spiny mouse The Cairo spiny mouse (''Acomys cahirinus''), also known as the common spiny mouse, Egyptian spiny mouse, or Arabian spiny mouse, is a nocturnal species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Africa north of the Sahara, where its natur ...
, ''Acomys cahirinus'' LC *****
Eastern spiny mouse The eastern spiny mouse or Arabian spiny mouse (''Acomys dimidiatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. They have a wide range, having been found in Middle Eastern deserts, as well as being prevalent in riverine forests in Africa. ...
, ''Acomys dimidiatus'' *** Subfamily: Gerbillinae **** Genus: ''
Gerbillus ''Gerbillus'' is a genus that contains most common and the most diverse gerbils. In 2010, after morphological and molecular studies '' Dipodillus'' was ranged as a subgenus of ''Gerbillus'', however some taxonomic authorities continue to separate ...
'' *****
Swarthy gerbil The swarthy gerbil (''Gerbillus aquilus'') is distributed mainly in eastern Iran, southern Afghanistan Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,; prs, امارت اسلامی افغانستان is a landlocked count ...
, ''Gerbillus aquilus'' LC *****
Cheesman's gerbil Cheesman's gerbil (''Gerbilus cheesmani'') is a small rodent in the subfamily Gerbillinae of the family Muridae. It is distributed mainly in Arabian Peninsula to southwestern Iran. It has orange-brown fur, white underparts, large eyes and a very ...
, ''Gerbillus cheesmani'' LC ***** Harrison's gerbil, ''Gerbillus mesopotamiae'' LC *****
Balochistan gerbil The Balochistan gerbil or dwarf gerbil (''Gerbillus nanus''), is distributed mainly from Morocco across north Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, the Middle East, and western Asia. This is a common species with a wide distribution which faces no obvio ...
, ''Gerbillus nanus'' LC *****
Pygmy gerbil The pygmy gerbil (''Gerbillus henleyi'') is distributed mainly in Algeria to Israel and the Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Is ...
, ''Gerbillus henleyi'' **** Genus: '' Meriones'' *****
Sundevall's jird Sundevall's jird (''Meriones crassus'') is a species of rodent in the family of Muridae. It is found in Afghanistan, Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Pakistan, Morocco, Niger, Palestine, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, ...
, ''Meriones crassus'' LC *****
Indian desert jird The Indian desert jird or Indian desert gerbil (''Meriones hurrianae'') is a species of jird found mainly in the Thar Desert in India. Jirds are closely related to gerbil The Mongolian gerbil or Mongolian jird (''Meriones unguiculatus'') ...
, ''Meriones hurrianae'' LC *****
Libyan jird The Libyan jird (''Meriones libycus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan an ...
, ''Meriones libycus'' LC ***** Mid-day jird, ''Meriones meridianus'' LC *****
Persian jird The Persian jird (''Meriones persicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, and Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркмениста ...
, ''Meriones persicus'' LC *****
Tristram's jird Tristram's jird (''Meriones tristrami'') is a species of rodent that lives in the Middle East. It is named after the Reverend Henry Baker Tristram who collected the first specimens. It is up to long, and lives in burrows in steppes and semi-dese ...
, ''Meriones tristrami'' LC ***** Vinogradov's jird, ''Meriones vinogradovi'' LC *****
Zarudny's jird Zarudny's jird (''Meriones zarudnyi'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan. References

* Meriones (rodent) Fauna of Iran, Jird, Zarudny's Mammals of Afghanistan Mammals descr ...
, ''Meriones zarudnyi'' EN ***** Dahl's jird, ''Meriones dahli'' **** Genus: ''
Rhombomys The great gerbil (''Rhombomys opimus'') is a large rodent found throughout much of Central Asia. Description The largest of the gerbils, great gerbils have a head and body length of . Their skulls are distinctive by having two grooves in each ...
'' *****
Great gerbil The great gerbil (''Rhombomys opimus'') is a large rodent found throughout much of Central Asia. Description The largest of the gerbils, great gerbils have a head and body length of . Their skulls are distinctive by having two grooves in each i ...
, ''Rhombomys opimus'' LC **** Genus: ''
Tatera The Indian gerbil (''Tatera indica'') also known as antelope rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in southern Asia from Syria to Bangladesh. It is the only species in the genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxono ...
'' *****
Indian gerbil The Indian gerbil (''Tatera indica'') also known as antelope rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in southern Asia from Syria to Bangladesh. It is the only species in the genus ''Tatera''. Members of the genus ''Gerb ...
, ''Tatera indica'' LC *** Subfamily:
Murinae The Old World rats and mice, part of the subfamily Murinae in the family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species. Members of this subfamily are called murines. In terms of species richness, this subfamily is larger than all mammal families excep ...
**** Genus: ''
Apodemus ''Apodemus'' is a genus of Muridae (true mice and rats). The name is unrelated to that of the ''Mus'' genus, instead being derived from the Greek ἀπό-δημος (literally ''away from home''). Taxonomy Related to the Ryūkyū spiny rats ...
'' ***** Persian field mouse, ''Apodemus arianus'' LC ***** Yellow-breasted field mouse, ''Apodemus fulvipectus'' LC ***** Broad-toothed field mouse, ''Apodemus mystacinus'' LC ***** Black Sea field mouse, ''Apodemus ponticus'' LC *****
Ward's field mouse Ward's field mouse (''Apodemus pallipes'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, India, Iran, Nepal, and Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakista ...
, ''Apodemus wardi'' LC ***** Hyrcanian field mouse, ''Apodemus hyrcanicus'' ***** Yellow-necked field mouse, ''Apodemus flavicollis'' ***** Ural field mouse, ''Apodemus uralensis'' *****
Steppe field mouse The steppe field mouse (''Apodemus witherbyi'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found in Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Israel, Turkey, Jordan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, and probably Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon, and Syria ...
, ''Apodemus witherbyi'' ***** ''
Apodemus avicennicus ''Apodemus avicennicus'' is a species of rodent found in Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbai ...
'' **** Genus: '' Golunda'' *****
Indian bush rat The Indian bush rat (''Golunda ellioti'') is a rodent species in the family Muridae. It is the only extant member of the genus '' Golunda'', and is the only extant member of the tribe Arvicanthini found outside of Africa. The species is widely ...
, ''Golunda ellioti'' LC **** Genus: ''
Mus Mus or MUS may refer to: Abbreviations * MUS, the NATO country code for Mauritius * MUS, the IATA airport code for Minami Torishima Airport * MUS, abbreviation for the Centre for Modern Urban Studies on Campus The Hague, Leiden University, Net ...
'' *****
Macedonian mouse The Macedonian mouse (''Mus macedonicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae and order Rodentia. This rodent lives in the area from eastern Georgia and western Bulgaria to Israel. It is considered part of a Paleoarctic group along wit ...
, ''Mus macedonicus'' *****
House mouse The house mouse (''Mus musculus'') is a small mammal of the order Rodentia, characteristically having a pointed snout, large rounded ears, and a long and almost hairless tail. It is one of the most abundant species of the genus ''Mus''. Although ...
, ''M. musculus'' **** Genus: ''
Nesokia ''Nesokia'' is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to West Asia and Central Asia known as the short-tailed bandicoot rats. Species Genus ''Nesokia'' - short-tailed bandicoot rats: * Short-tailed bandicoot rat (''Nesokia indica'') ...
'' *****
Short-tailed bandicoot rat The short-tailed bandicoot rat (''Nesokia indica'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. Other common names include short-tailed mole-rat, Indian bandicoot, bandicoot-rat, flat-tooth rat and short-tailed nesokia. Characteristics The sho ...
, ''Nesokia indica'' LC **** Genus: ''
Rattus ''Rattus'' is a genus of muroid rodents, all typically called rats. However, the term rat can also be applied to rodent species outside of this genus. Species and description The best-known ''Rattus'' species are the black rat (''R. rattus'') ...
'' *****
Brown rat The brown rat (''Rattus norvegicus''), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, wharf rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat, Norwegian rat and Parisian rat, is a widespread species of common rat. One of the largest muroids, it is a brown o ...
, ''R. norvegicus'' introduced *****
Black rat The black rat (''Rattus rattus''), also known as the roof rat, ship rat, or house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the stereotypical rat genus ''Rattus'', in the subfamily Murinae. It likely originated in the Indian subcontinent, but is ...
, ''R. rattus'' introduced ***** Turkestan rat, ''R. turkestanicus'' LC ** Family:
Myocastoridae Myocastorini is a tribe of echimyid rodents, proposed in 2017, and containing the five extant genera '' Callistomys'', '' Hoplomys'', '' Myocastor'', ''Proechimys ''Proechimys'' is a genus of South American spiny rats of the family Echimyida ...
**** Genus: '' Myocastor'' *****
Coypu The nutria (''Myocastor coypus''), also known as the coypu, is a large, herbivorous, semiaquatic rodent. Classified for a long time as the only member of the family Myocastoridae, ''Myocastor'' is now included within Echimyidae, the family of t ...
, ''Myocastor coypus''


Order:

Lagomorpha The lagomorphs are the members of the taxonomic order Lagomorpha, of which there are two living families: the Leporidae (hares and rabbits) and the Ochotonidae ( pikas). The name of the order is derived from the Ancient Greek ''lagos'' (λαγ ...

The lagomorphs comprise the families
Leporidae Leporidae is the family of rabbits and hares, containing over 60 species of extant mammals in all. The Latin word ''Leporidae'' means "those that resemble ''lepus''" (hare). Together with the pikas, the Leporidae constitute the mammalian order ...
and Ochotonidae. Though members can resemble
rodent Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of all mammal species are rodents. They are n ...
s, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. * Family: Leporidae ** Genus: ''
Lepus Hares and jackrabbits are mammals belonging to the genus ''Lepus''. They are herbivores, and live solitarily or in pairs. They nest in slight depressions called forms, and their young are able to fend for themselves shortly after birth. The gen ...
'' ***
Cape hare The Cape hare (''Lepus capensis''), also called the brown hare and the desert hare, is a hare native to Africa and Arabia extending into India. Taxonomy The Cape hare was one of the many mammal species originally described by Carl Linnaeus ...
, ''L. capensis'' ***
European hare The European hare (''Lepus europaeus''), also known as the brown hare, is a species of hare native to Europe and parts of Asia. It is among the largest hare species and is adapted to temperate, open country. Hares are herbivorous and feed mainly ...
, ''L. europaeus'' ***
Tolai hare The tolai hare (''Lepus tolai'') is a species of hare native to Central Asia, Mongolia, and Northern and Central China. It inhabits semi-desert, steppes, rocky habitats, and forest meadows. It is relatively common, even in areas with heavy huma ...
, ''L. tolai'' * Family: Ochotonidae ** Genus: '' Ochotona'' ***
Afghan pika The Afghan pika (''Ochotona rufescens'') is a species of small mammal in the pika family, Ochotonidae. It is found in Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan and Turkmenistan and the IUCN lists it as being of "least concern". Taxonomy The Afghan pika was f ...
, ''O. rufescens''


Order:

Erinaceomorpha Erinaceidae is a family in the order Eulipotyphla, consisting of the hedgehogs and moonrats. Until recently, it was assigned to the order Erinaceomorpha, which has been subsumed with the paraphyletic Soricomorpha into Eulipotyphla. Eulipotyphla ...
(hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the
hedgehog A hedgehog is a spiny mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera found throughout parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introductio ...
s and
gymnure Gymnures, also called hairy hedgehogs or moonrats, are mammals belonging to the subfamily Galericinae, in the family Erinaceidae and the order Eulipotyphla. Gymnures resemble rats but are not closely related as they are not rodents; they are ...
s. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats. * Family:
Erinaceidae Erinaceidae is a family in the order Eulipotyphla, consisting of the hedgehogs and moonrats. Until recently, it was assigned to the order Erinaceomorpha, which has been subsumed with the paraphyletic Soricomorpha into Eulipotyphla. Eulipotyph ...
(hedgehogs) ** Subfamily:
Erinaceinae A hedgehog is a spiny mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera found throughout parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introduc ...
*** Genus: ''
Erinaceus ''Erinaceus'' is a genus of hedgehog from the family of Erinaceidae. There are four main species of ''Erinaceus''. The range is all across Europe, throughout the Middle East, parts of Russia, and extending to northern China and Korea. The Europ ...
'' ****
Southern white-breasted hedgehog The southern white-breasted hedgehog (''Erinaceus concolor''), sometimes referred to as white-bellied hedgehog or white-chested hedgehog, is a hedgehog native to Eastern Europe and Southwestern Asia. Description It is very similar in lifestyle an ...
, ''E. concolor'' *** Genus: ''
Hemiechinus ''Hemiechinus'' is a genus of hedgehogs. It contains two species, found in Central and South Asia. Species * Long-eared hedgehog (''Hemiechinus auritus'') * Indian long-eared hedgehog (''Hemiechinus collaris'') References Mammal ge ...
'' **** Long-eared hedgehog, ''H. auritus'' *** Genus: ''
Paraechinus ''Paraechinus'' is a genus of hedgehogs. Members are small and nocturnal. The genus contains four species from North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia: * Desert hedgehog (''Paraechinus aethiopicus'') * Brandt's hedgehog (''Paraechinus hy ...
'' ****
Desert hedgehog The desert hedgehog (''Paraechinus aethiopicus'') is a species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae. Basic facts The desert hedgehog is one of the smallest of hedgehogs. It is long and weighs about . The quills (or spines to give their correct ...
, ''P. aethiopicus'' **** Brandt's hedgehog, ''P. hypomelas''


Order:

Soricomorpha Soricomorpha (from Greek "shrew-form") is a formerly used taxon within the class of mammals. In the past it formed a significant group within the former order Insectivora. However, Insectivora was shown to be polyphyletic and various new orders ...
(shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers. * Family: Soricidae (shrews) ** Subfamily:
Crocidurinae The white-toothed shrews or Crocidurinae are one of three subfamilies of the shrew family Soricidae. The outer layer of these shrews' teeth is white, unlike that of the red-toothed shrews. These species are typically found in Africa and souther ...
*** Genus: ''
Crocidura The genus ''Crocidura'' is one of nine genera of the shrew subfamily Crocidurinae. Members of the genus are commonly called white-toothed shrews or musk shrews, although both also apply to all of the species in the subfamily. With over 180 spec ...
'' **** Caspian shrew, ''C. caspica'' ****
Gmelin's white-toothed shrew Gmelin's white-toothed shrew (''Crocidura gmelini'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Afghanistan, China, Iran, and Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=non ...
, ''C. gmelini'' ****
Bicolored shrew The bicolored shrew or bicoloured white-toothed shrew (''Crocidura leucodon'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in eastern, central and southern Europe and in western Asia. It is a nocturnal species and feeds on insec ...
, ''C. leucodon'' **** Katinka's shrew, ''C. katinka'' presence uncertain ****
Lesser white-toothed shrew The lesser white-toothed shrew (''Crocidura suaveolens'') is a tiny shrew with a widespread distribution in Africa, Asia and Europe. Its preferred habitat is scrub and gardens and it feeds on insects, arachnids, worms, gastropods, newts and sm ...
, ''C. suaveolens'' **** Iranian shrew, ''C. susiana'' **** Zarudny's shrew, ''C. zarudnyi'' ** Subfamily:
Soricinae The red-toothed shrews of the subfamily Soricinae are one of three living subfamilies of shrews, along with Crocidurinae (white-toothed shrews) and Myosoricinae (African white-toothed shrews). In addition, the family contains the extinct subfamil ...
*** Tribe:
Nectogalini Nectogalini is a tribe of Old World water shrews within the family Soricidae. As of late 2007, it consisted of six extant genera and 25 species, with some of the latter being further divided into subspecies. Adaptation to semiaquatic life Memb ...
**** Genus: ''
Neomys The genus ''Neomys'' is a group of three Eurasian water shrews from the subfamily Soricinae of the family Soricidae. These shrews are found in most of Europe and parts of northern Asia, as well as Turkey and Iran. Its member species are: * Eur ...
'' **** Mediterranean water shrew, ''N. anomalus'' *****
Transcaucasian water shrew The Transcaucasian water shrew (''Neomys teres'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and possibly Iran and Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( t ...
, ''N. schelkovnikovi'' *** Tribe: Soricini **** Genus: ''
Sorex The genus ''Sorex'' includes many of the common shrews of Eurasia and North America, and contains at least 142 known species and subspecies. Members of this genus, known as long-tailed shrews, are the only members of the tribe Soricini of the su ...
'' ***** Caucasian pygmy shrew, ''S. volnuchini'' **** Genus: ''
Suncus ''Suncus'' is a genus of shrews in the family Soricidae. Classification *Genus ''Suncus'' ** Taita shrew, ''Suncus aequatorius'' ** Black shrew, ''Suncus ater'' ** Day's shrew, ''Suncus dayi'' ** Etruscan shrew, ''Suncus etruscus'' ** Sri L ...
'' ****
Asian house shrew The Asian house shrew (''Suncus murinus'') is a shrew species native to South and Southeast Asia that has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2008 because of its large population and wide distribution. It has been introduced i ...
, ''S. murinus'' introduced, presence uncertain ***** Pygmy white-toothed shrew, ''S. etruscus'' * Family:
Talpidae The family Talpidae () includes the moles (some of whom are called shrew moles and desmans) who are small insectivorous mammals of the order Eulipotyphla. Talpids are all digging animals to various degrees: moles are completely subterranean ...
(moles) ** Subfamily:
Talpinae The subfamily Talpinae, sometimes called "Old World moles" or "Old World moles and relatives", is one of three subfamilies of the mole family Talpidae, the others being the Scalopinae, or New World moles, and the Uropsilinae, or shrew-like moles. ...
*** Tribe:
Talpini Talpini is a tribe of mammals known as Old World Moles. It is a division of the subfamily Talpinae. This tribe contains the following genera and species: * Tribe Talpini ** Genus ''Euroscaptor'' *** Greater Chinese mole, ''E. grandis'' *** ...
**** Genus: ''
Talpa Talpa may refer to: Places * Talpa, Iran, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran * Talpa, Teleorman, a commune in Teleorman County, Romania * Talpa, a village in Cândeşti Commune, Botoşani County, Romania * Talpa, a village in Bârgăuani Commun ...
'' ***** Père David's mole, ''T. davidiana'' ***** Levant mole, ''T. levantis''


Order:

Chiroptera Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bir ...
(bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. * Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) ** Subfamily:
Pteropodinae The Pteropodinae are a subfamily of megabats. Taxa within this subfamily are: * Genus ''Acerodon'' ** Sulawesi flying fox, ''A. celebensis'' ** Talaud flying fox, ''A. humilis'' ** Giant golden-crowned flying fox, ''A. jubatus'' ** Palawan fruit ...
*** Genus: ''
Rousettus ''Rousettus'' is a genus of Old World fruit bats or megabats, referred to as rousette bats. The genus is a member of the family Pteropodidae. The genus consists of seven species that range over most of Africa to southeast Asia, and the islands ...
'' ****
Egyptian fruit bat The Egyptian fruit bat or Egyptian rousette (''Rousettus aegyptiacus'') is a species of megabat that is found in Africa, the Middle East, the Mediterranean, and the Indian subcontinent. It is one of three '' Rousettus'' species with an African-M ...
, ''R. aegyptiacus'' * Family:
Vespertilionidae Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vespertilionid family is the most diverse and widely distributed of bat famili ...
** Subfamily: Myotinae *** Genus: '' Myotis'' **** Steppe whiskered bat, ''M. aurascens'' **** Long-fingered bat, ''M. capaccinii'' ****
Bechstein's bat Bechstein's bat (''Myotis bechsteinii'') is a species of vesper bat found in Europe and western Asia, living in extensive areas of woodland. Description Bechstein's bat is a medium-sized and relatively long-eared bat. The adult has a long, fluf ...
, ''M. bechsteini'' ****
Lesser mouse-eared bat The lesser mouse-eared bat or lesser mouse-eared myotis (''Myotis blythii'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Vespertilionidae. Distribution Lesser mouse-eared bats can be found in the following countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Au ...
, ''M. blythii'' ****
Geoffroy's bat Geoffroy's bat (''Myotis emarginatus'') is a species of vesper bat. Description ''M. emarginatus'' is a medium-sized bat with long and woolly fur. The dorsal side of the torso is rust-brown to fox-red and the ventral side is a poorly delineat ...
, ''M. emarginatus'' ****
Whiskered bat The whiskered bat (''Myotis mystacinus'') is a small European bat with long fur. Although uncommon, ''M. mystacinus'' is often found around human habitation and around water; it is similar to Brandt's bat (''Myotis brandtii''), from which it ...
, ''M. mystacinus'' ****
Natterer's bat Natterer's bat (''Myotis nattereri'') is a European vespertilionid bat with pale wings. It has brown fur tending to greyish-white on its underside. It is found across most of the continent of Europe, parts of the Near East and North Africa. It fe ...
, ''M. nattereri'' **** Nepal myotis, ''M. nipalensis'' **** Schaub's myotis, ''M. schaubi'' ** Subfamily: Vespertilioninae *** Genus: ''
Barbastella ''Barbastella'' is a genus of vespertilionid bats. There are seven extant species in this genus and one only known from fossil remains. Species The genus consists of the following species: * '' Barbastella barbastellus'' – western barbastell ...
'' ****
Western barbastelle The western barbastelle (''Barbastella barbastellus''), also known as the barbastelle or barbastelle bat, is a European bat in the genus ''Barbastella''. This species is found from Portugal to Azerbaijan and from Sweden to Canary Islands, where ...
, ''B. barbastellus'' ****
Eastern barbastelle The eastern barbastelle or Asian barbastelle (''Barbastella darjelingensis'') is a species of vesper bat found throughout much of Asia, from Afghanistan to Taiwan. Taxonomy It was described by Brian Houghton Hodgson in 1855, and was previously ...
, ''B. leucomelas'' **** '' Barbastella caspica'' *** Genus: ''
Otonycteris ''Otonycteris'' is a genus of vesper bats. Members of this genus are found in Northern Africa and Central Asia. Until recently, it was thought to be monotypic, but in 2010, the Turkestani long-eared bat was distinguished from the desert long-e ...
'' ****
Desert long-eared bat The desert long-eared bat (''Otonycteris hemprichii'') is a species of vesper bat found in North Africa and the Middle East. Taxonomy The taxonomic classification of ''Otonycteris'' is unclear, however their chromosomes suggest that this genus i ...
, ''O. hemprichii'' ****
Turkestani long-eared bat The Turkestani long-eared bat (''Otonycteris leucophaea'') is a species of bat found in Asia. Though it was initially described in 1873 as a species, for many years it was considered synonymous with the desert long-eared bat, ''Otonycteris hempri ...
, ''O. leucophaea'' *** Genus: ''
Eptesicus ''Eptesicus'' is a genus of bats, commonly called house bats or serotine bats, in the family Vespertilionidae. The genus name is likely derived from the Greek words ''ptetikos'' 'able to fly' or ''petomai'' 'house flier', although this is not ce ...
'' **** '' E. anatolicus'' ****
Bobrinski's serotine Bobrinski's serotine (''Eptesicus bobrinskoi'') is a species of vesper bat. It can be found in Iran and Kazakhstan. Taxonomy Bobrinski's serotine was described as a new species in 1935 by Alexander Petrovitch Kuzyakin (also spelled Kuzjakin). ...
, ''E. bobrinskoi'' ****
Botta's serotine Botta's serotine (''Eptesicus bottae'') is a species of vesper bat, one of 25 in the genus ''Eptesicus''. It is found in rocky areas and temperate desert. Taxonomy and etymology It was described as a new species in 1869 by German naturalist W ...
, ''E. bottae'' **** Northern bat, ''E. nilssoni'' **** '' E. ognevi'' **** '' E. pachyomus'' ****
Serotine bat The serotine bat (''Eptesicus serotinus''), also known as the common serotine bat, big brown bat, or silky bat, is a fairly large Eurasian bat with quite large ears. It has a wingspan of around and often hunts in woodland. It sometimes roosts ...
, ''E. serotinus'' **** '' Eptesicus pachyomus'' *** Genus: ''
Hypsugo The genus ''Hypsugo'' contains many bats referred to as pipistrelles or pipistrelle bats (not to be confused with the genus ''Pipistrellus''). They belong to the family Vespertilionidae or vesper bats. They are primarily found throughout Asia, t ...
'' **** Arabian pipistrelle, ''H. arabicus'' **** Savi's pipistrelle, ''H. savii'' *** Genus: ''
Nyctalus ''Nyctalus'' is a genus of vespertilionid bats commonly known as the noctule bats. They are distributed in the temperate and subtropical areas of Europe, Asia and North Africa. There are eight species within this genus: * Birdlike noctule, ''Ny ...
'' **** Greater noctule bat, ''N. lasiopterus'' ****
Lesser noctule The lesser noctule, Leisler's bat or the Irish bat (''Nyctalus leisleri''), is a species of insectivorous bat belonging to the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae. The species was named to honour the naturalist Johann Philipp Achilles Leisler ...
, ''N. leisleri'' ****
Common noctule The common noctule (''Nyctalus noctula'') is a species of insectivorous bat common throughout Europe, Asia, and North Africa. Description The common noctule's short fur is dark brown after moulting in June (males) or July/August (females); late ...
, ''N. noctula'' *** Genus: ''
Pipistrellus ''Pipistrellus'' is a genus of bats in the family Vespertilionidae and subfamily Vespertilioninae. The name of the genus is derived from the Italian word , meaning "bat" (from Latin "bird of evening, bat"). The size of the genus has been con ...
'' **** Kuhl's pipistrelle, ''P. kuhlii'' ****
Common pipistrelle The common pipistrelle (''Pipistrellus pipistrellus'') is a small pipistrelle microbat whose very large range extends across most of Europe, North Africa, South Asia, and may extend into Korea. It is one of the most common bat species in the ...
, ''P. pipistrellus'' ****
Soprano pipistrelle The soprano pipistrelle (''Pipistrellus pygmaeus'') is a small species of bat. It is found in Europe and often roosts on buildings. Taxonomy Until 1999, the soprano pipistrelle was considered as conspecific with the common pipistrelle The co ...
, ''P. pygmaeus'' *** Genus: ''
Plecotus ''Plecotus'' is a genus of vesper bat, commonly called long-eared bats. They are found throughout Eurasia and northern Africa. Many species in the genus have only been described and recognized in recent years. Species Genus ''Plecotus'' ...
'' ****
Brown long-eared bat The brown long-eared bat or common long-eared bat (''Plecotus auritus'') is a small Eurasian insectivorous bat. It has distinctive ears, long and with a distinctive fold. It is extremely similar to the much rarer grey long-eared bat which was o ...
, ''P. auritus'' **** Grey long-eared bat, ''P. austriacus'' **** Mountain long-eared bat, ''P. macrobullaris'' **** '' P. strelkovi'' *** Genus: '' Vespertilio'' ****
Parti-coloured bat The parti-coloured bat or rearmouse (''Vespertilio murinus'') is a species of vesper bat that lives in temperate Eurasia, from Western and Southern Europe, eastwards over the Caucasus and Iran into Mongolia, north-east China, Korea, Afghanistan a ...
, ''V. murinus'' *** Genus: ''Rhyneptesicus'' ****
Sind bat The Sind bat (''Rhyneptesicus nasutus'') is a species of vesper bat and the only member of the genus ''Rhyneptesicus''. It inhabits forests and arid areas near waterbodies in southwestern Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Oman, around the coast of the Gu ...
, ''R. nasutus'' * Family: Rhinopomatidae ** Genus: '' Rhinopoma'' ***
Lesser mouse-tailed bat The lesser mouse-tailed bat (''Rhinopoma hardwickii'') is a species of microbat in the family Rhinopomatidae. Also referred to as Hardwicke's lesser mouse-tailed bat and long-tailed bat, it is named after Major General Thomas Hardwicke (1755– ...
, ''R. hardwickei'' *** Greater mouse-tailed bat, ''R. microphyllum'' ***
Small mouse-tailed bat The small mouse-tailed bat (''Rhinopoma muscatellum'') is a species of bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals ca ...
, ''R. muscatellum'' * Family:
Emballonuridae Emballonuridae is a family of microbats, many of which are referred to as sac-winged or sheath-tailed bats. They are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The earliest fossil records are from the Eocene. Descr ...
** Genus: ''
Taphozous ''Taphozous'' is a genus of the family Emballonuridae. The wide distribution of the genus includes several regions of Australia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Africa. ''Taphozous'' comes from the Greek τάφος, meaning "a tomb". The common n ...
'' *** Naked-rumped tomb bat,'' T. nudiventris'' *** Egyptian tomb bat, ''T. perforatus'' * Family: Rhinolophidae ** Subfamily: Rhinolophinae *** Genus: '' Rhinolophus'' ****
Blasius's horseshoe bat Blasius's horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus blasii'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Rhinolophidae found throughout large parts of the Mediterranean, Middle East and Africa. Taxonomy Blasius's horseshoe bat was described as a new sp ...
, ''R. blasii'' ****
Mediterranean horseshoe bat The Mediterranean horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus euryale'') is a species of insectivorous A robber fly eating a hoverfly An insectivore is a carnivorous animal or plant that eats insects. An alternative term is entomophage, which can ...
, ''R. euryale'' **** Bokhara horseshoe bat, ''R. bocharicus'' ****
Greater horseshoe bat The greater horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus ferrumequinum'') is an insectivorous bat of the genus '' Rhinolophus''. Its distribution covers Europe, Northern Africa, Central Asia and Eastern Asia. It is the largest of the horseshoe bats in Europe an ...
, ''R. ferrumequinum'' **** Lesser horseshoe bat, ''R. hipposideros'' ****
Mehely's horseshoe bat Mehely's horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus mehelyi'') is a species of Insectivore, insectivorous bat in the family Rhinolophidae found in Southern Europe and parts of the Middle East. It is distributed in a narrow band around the Mediterranean Sea from ...
, ''R. mehelyi'' ** Subfamily:
Hipposiderinae The Hipposideridae are a family of bats commonly known as the Old World leaf-nosed bats. While it has often been seen as a subfamily, Hipposiderinae, of the family Rhinolophidae, it is now more generally classified as its own family.Simmons, 200 ...
*** Genus: ''
Asellia ''Asellia'' is a genus of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It contains the following species: * Arabian trident bat (''Asellia arabica'') * Somalian trident bat (''Asellia italosomalica'') * Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat (''Asellia patrizii ...
'' **** Trident leaf-nosed bat, ''A. tridens'' *** Genus: '' Triaenops'' ****
Persian trident bat The rufous trident bat, Persian trident bat, or triple nose-leaf bat (''Triaenops persicus'') is a species of bat in the genus '' Triaenops''. It occurs in southwestern Pakistan, southern Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen. In the la ...
, ''T. persicus'' * Family: Molossidae ** Genus: ''
Tadarida The genus ''Tadarida'' has 9 or more species of free-tailed bats divided into two subgenera, with the first of these containing seven species spread across the Old World (including southern Europe and North Africa, large parts of southern Asia, ...
'' *** Egyptian free-tailed bat, ''T. aegyptiaca'' *** European free-tailed bat, ''T. teniotis''


Order:

Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel th ...
(whales)

The order Cetacea includes
whale Whales are a widely distributed and diverse group of fully aquatic placental marine mammals. As an informal and colloquial grouping, they correspond to large members of the infraorder Cetacea, i.e. all cetaceans apart from dolphins and ...
s, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully aquatic adaptation, adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. More than 14 species have been recorded within Iran's exclusive economic zone. * Suborder: Mysticeti ** Family: Balaenopteridae *** Subfamily: Balaenopterinae **** Genus: ''Balaenoptera'' ***** Sei whale, ''B. borealis'' ***** Bryde's whale, ''B. edeni'' ***** Blue whale, ''B. musculus'' ***** Omura's whale, ''B. omurai'' ***** Fin whale, ''B. physalus'' ***** Common minke whale, ''B. acutorostrata'' **** Genus: ''Globicephala ***** Short-finned pilot whale, ''G. macrorhynchus'' **** Genus: ''Kogia'' ***** Dwarf sperm whale, ''K. Sima'' **** Genus: ''Orcinus'' ***** Killer whale, ''O. Orca'' **** Genus: ''Physeter'' ***** Sperm whale, ''P. macrocephalus'' **** Genus: ''Ziphius'' ***** Cuvier's beaked whale, ''Z. cavirostris'' *** Subfamily: Megapterinae **** Genus: ''Megaptera'' ***** Humpback whale, ''Megaptera novaeangliae'' CR (Arabian Sea population) * Suborder: Odontoceti ** Superfamily: Platanistoidea *** Family: Phocoenidae **** Genus: ''Neophocaena'' ***** Finless porpoise, ''Neophocaena phocaenoides'' DD *** Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) **** Genus: ''Humpback dolphin, Sousa'' ***** Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin, ''Sousa chinensis'' DD **** Genus: ''Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno'' ***** Rough-toothed dolphin, ''Steno bredanensis'' DD **** Genus: ''Tursiops'' ***** Bottlenose dolphin, ''Tursiops aduncus'' DD **** Genus: ''Stenella'' ***** Spinner dolphin, ''Stenella longirostris'' DD **** Genus: ''Common dolphin, Delphinus'' ***** Long-beaked common dolphin, ''Delphinus capensis'' DD **** Genus: ''Lagenodelphis'' ***** Fraser's dolphin, ''Lagenodelphis hosei'' DD **** Genus: ''Risso's dolphin, Grampus'' ***** Risso's dolphin, ''Grampus griseus'' DD **** Genus: ''Feresa'' ***** Pygmy killer whale, ''Feresa attenuata'' DD **** Genus: ''Peponocephala'' ***** Melon-headed whale, ''Peponocephala electra'' DD **** Genus: ''Pseudorca'' ***** False killer whale, ''Pseudorca crassidens'' DD


Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. * Suborder: Feliformia ** Family: Felidae *** Subfamily: Felinae **** Genus: ''Acinonyx'' ***** Cheetah, ''A. jubatus'' ****** Asiatic cheetah, ''A. j. venaticus'' **** Genus: ''Caracal'' ***** Caracal, ''C. caracal'' **** Genus: ''Felis'' *****Jungle cat, ''F. chaus'' *****African wildcat, ''F. lybica'' ******Asiatic wildcat, ''F. l. ornata'' *****Sand cat, ''F. margarita'' ******Turkestan sand cat, ''F. m. thinobia'' ****Genus: ''Lynx'' ***** Eurasian lynx, ''L. lynx'' **** Genus: ''Otocolobus'' ***** Pallas's cat, ''O. manul'' *** Subfamily: Pantherinae **** Genus: ''Panthera'' ***** Leopard, ''P. pardus'' ****** ''Panthera pardus tulliana'' ** Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) *** Genus: ''Urva (genus), Urva'' **** Small Indian mongoose, ''U. auropunctata'' **** Indian grey mongoose, ''U. edwardsii'' ** Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas) *** Genus: ''Hyaena'' **** Striped hyena, ''H. hyaena'' * Suborder: Caniformia ** Family: Canidae *** Genus: ''Canis'' **** Golden jackal, ''C. aureus'' ***** Persian jackal, ''C. a. aureus'' **** Gray wolf, ''C. lupus'' ***** Steppe wolf, ''C. l. campestris'' ***** Indian wolf, ''C. l. pallipes'' *** Genus: ''Vulpes'' **** Blanford's fox, ''V. cana'' **** Corsac fox, ''V. corsac'' **** Rüppell's fox, ''V. rueppellii'' **** Red fox, ''V. vulpes'' ** Family: Ursidae (bears) *** Genus: ''Ursus (biology), Ursus'' **** Brown bear, ''U. arctos'' **** Asiatic black bear, ''U. thibetanus'' ** Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) *** Genus: ''Lutra'' **** European otter, ''L. lutra'' *** Genus: ''Martes'' **** Beech marten, ''M. foina'' **** European pine marten, ''M. martes'' *** Genus: ''Meles (genus), Meles'' **** Caucasian badger, ''M. canescens'' *** Genus: ''Mellivora'' **** Honey badger, ''M. capensis'' *** Genus: ''Mustela'' **** Least weasel, ''M. nivalis'' *** Genus: ''Vormela'' **** Marbled polecat, ''V. peregusna'' ** Family: Phocidae (earless seals) *** Genus: ''Pusa'' **** Caspian seal, ''P. caspica''


Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. * Family: Equidae (horses etc.) ** Genus: ''Equus (genus), Equus'' *** Onager, ''E. hemionus'' **** Syrian wild ass, ''E. h. hemippus'' **** Indian wild ass, ''E. h. khur'' **** Persian onager, ''E. h. onager''


Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, buffalo, sheep, goats) ** Subfamily: Antilopinae *** Genus: ''Gazella'' **** Chinkara, ''G. bennettii'' **** Goitered gazelle, ''G. subgutturosa'' ** Subfamily: Caprinae *** Genus: ''Capra (genus), Capra'' **** Wild goat, ''C. aegagrus'' ***** Bezoar ibex, ''C. a. aegagrus'' *** Genus: ''Ovis'' **** Mouflon, ''O. gmelini'' ***** Armenian mouflon, ''O. g. gmelini'' **** Urial, ''O. vignei'' * Family: Cervidae (deer) ** Subfamily: Cervinae *** Genus: ''Cervus'' **** Red deer, ''C. elaphus'' *** Genus: ''Dama (deer), Dama'' **** Persian fallow deer, ''D. mesopotamica'' ** Subfamily: Capreolinae *** Genus: ''Capreolus **** European roe deer, ''C. capreolus'' * Family: Suidae (pigs) ** Subfamily: Suinae *** Genus: ''Pig, Sus'' **** Wild boar, ''S. scrofa''


Locally extinct

The following species are locally extinct in Iran: * Eurasian beaver, ''Castor fiber'' * Lion, ''Panthera leo'' * Tiger, ''Panthera tigris''


See also

* List of chordate orders * Lists of mammals by region * List of prehistoric mammals * Mammal classification * List of mammals described in the 2000s * Wildlife of Iran


References


External links


Current status of rodents of Iran (in Persian)
{{Asia topic, List of mammals of Lists of mammals by country, Iran Lists of mammals of the Middle East, Iran Mammals of Western Asia, 'Iran Lists of biota of Iran, mammals Fauna of Iran, 'mammals