This is a list of notable former United States citizens who voluntarily relinquished their citizenship, and through that act, their nationality. It includes only public figures who completed the process of
relinquishment of United States citizenship
Relinquishment of United States nationality is the process under federal law by which a U.S. citizen or national voluntarily and intentionally gives up that status and becomes an alien with respect to the United States. Relinquishment is distin ...
. This list excludes people who may have indicated their intent to do so but never formally completed the process, as well as
immigrants who had their naturalizations canceled after convictions for war crimes or for fraud in the naturalization process.
List
; Key of reasons
To take or run for a position in a foreign government. Spouses of foreign heads of state are included in this category.
To naturalize as a citizen of a foreign country, or to retain citizenship in a foreign country disallowing dual citizenship.
To protest U.S. policies or actions
Other or unclear reasons
The column "''
Federal Register
The ''Federal Register'' (FR or sometimes Fed. Reg.) is the official journal of the federal government of the United States that contains government agency rules, proposed rules, and public notices. It is published every weekday, except on feder ...
''" refers to whether and when the former citizen's name was published by the U.S. government in one of its lists of people giving up citizenship. "Too early" refers to people who relinquished citizenship before publication began. An asterisk indicates that ''Federal Register'' data for the quarter in which the person relinquished citizenship has not yet been released. See the article "
" for further details on the ''Federal Register'' list. The column U.S. Citizenship indicates how the person original ascertained US citizenship. ''
Jus soli
''Jus soli'' ( , , ; meaning "right of soil"), commonly referred to as birthright citizenship, is the right of anyone born in the territory of a state to nationality or citizenship.
''Jus soli'' was part of the English common law, in contras ...
'' ("right of the soil") is citizenship by
birth in the United States, whereas ''
jus sanguinis
( , , ; 'right of blood') is a principle of nationality law by which citizenship is determined or acquired by the nationality or ethnicity of one or both parents. Children at birth may be citizens of a particular state if either or both of t ...
'' ("right of blood") here refers to citizenship through birth abroad to an American parent.
Federal policy towards U.S. citizens who naturalize in foreign countries has varied over the years. For most of the twentieth century, the State Department regarded such naturalizations as indicating the intent to relinquish U.S. citizenship in almost all cases. However, in 1990 the State Department adopted the administrative presumption that "when a U.S. citizen obtains naturalization in a foreign state, subscribes to routine declarations of allegiance to a foreign state, or accepts non-policy level employment with a foreign state", he or she intends to retain U.S. citizenship, overriding the earlier presumption that such acts indicated intent to relinquish U.S. citizenship.
Relinquished and then regained citizenship
See also
Explanatory notes
References
{{Reflist
External links
Information on the Renunciation of U.S. Citizenship€”U.S. Dept. of State, Bureau of Consular Affairs
*
Relinquished their nationality