List of Turkish wine regions
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

The following is a list of Turkish wine regions. Anatolia played a pivotal role in the early
history of wine Wine has been produced for thousands of years, with evidence of ancient wine production in Georgia from BC (the earliest known traces of wine), West Azerbaijan province of Iran from BC, Armenia from BC (large-scale production), and Sicil ...
and is likely to have been one of the earliest wine-producing regions of the world.
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
is geographically located on the wine belt thanks to its suitable climatic conditions and soil character. The
vineyard A vineyard (; also ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineya ...
s in Turkey cover an area of . Annual grape harvest in Turkey accounts for 3.6 million tonnes putting it on the 6th place in the world. However, only 2% of that amount is suitable for wine production. Wine production was neglected in Turkey primarily on the grounds of religion. Major wine regions are Aegean, Marmara and
Central Anatolia The Central Anatolia Region ( tr, İç Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Ankara. Other big cities are Konya, Kayseri, Eskişehir, Sivas, and Aksaray. Located in Central Turkey, it is borde ...
.


Marmara wine region

The Thrace and Marmara wine region is situated south of Bulgaria and southeast of Greece, bordering the
Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Rom ...
,
Marmara Sea The Sea of Marmara,; grc, Προποντίς, Προποντίδα, Propontís, Propontída also known as the Marmara Sea, is an inland sea located entirely within the borders of Turkey. It connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea via the ...
and the
Aegean Sea The Aegean Sea ; tr, Ege Denizi (Greek: Αιγαίο Πέλαγος: "Egéo Pélagos", Turkish: "Ege Denizi" or "Adalar Denizi") is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia. It is located between the Balkans ...
. Annual precipitation is between . The observed mean temperature over a long term lies between with an average of quite high humidity of 73%. The soil of the region is composed mainly of
limestone Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms whe ...
, gravelly loam and dense cracking
clay Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4). Clays develop plasticity when wet, due to a molecular film of water surrounding the clay par ...
. The grape varieties typical to this region are
Adakarası Adakarası ( tr, adakarası, "island's black"), is a Turkey origin of red grape variety. Its famous production place is Avşa Island but the grape variety of Adakara produces in all Marmara Region (especially Marmara coast and East Thrace). Th ...
, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Cinsaut,
Gamay Gamay is a purple-colored grape variety used to make red wines, most notably grown in Beaujolais and in the Loire Valley around Tours. Its full name is Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc. It is a very old cultivar, mentioned as long ago as the 15th centu ...
,
Kalecik Karası Kalecik Karası is a Turkish grape variety and a Turkish wine produced from this grape. This grape and wine are called by the name of area, the Kalecik district of Ankara Province, Turkey. Kalecik Karası grows successfully near Kalecik. In its ...
, Merlot,
Papazkarası Papazkarası, also Papaskara ( tr, papazkarası, "priest's black"), is a Turkish grape variety and a Turkish wine grown in the Marmara and Central Anatolia regions of Turkey. This variety was used to make a red wine blend with Cinsaut. The wine ha ...
,
Riesling Riesling (, ; ) is a white grape variety that originated in the Rhine region. Riesling is an aromatic grape variety displaying flowery, almost perfumed, aromas as well as high acidity. It is used to make dry, semi-sweet, sweet, and sparkling wh ...
, Sauvignon blanc, Semillion, Syrah and Viognier. The Marmara wine region contributes to all the wine produced in Turkey with 13.6%.


Aegean wine region

The Aegean wine region consists of
viticultural Viticulture (from the Latin word for ''vine'') or winegrowing (wine growing) is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes. It is a branch of the science of horticulture. While the native territory of ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine, ran ...
areas in the Aegean Region of Turkey, which are mainly in the provinces of
Manisa Manisa (), historically known as Magnesia, is a city in Turkey's Aegean Region and the administrative seat of Manisa Province. Modern Manisa is a booming center of industry and services, advantaged by its closeness to the international port ci ...
, Izmir and Denizli.
Winemaking Winemaking or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine-making stretches over millennia. The science of wine and ...
areas like Eceabat and Bozcaada, districts of
Çanakkale Province Çanakkale Province ( tr, ) is a province of Turkey, located in the northwestern part of the country. It takes its name from the city of Çanakkale. Like Istanbul, Çanakkale province has a European (Thrace) and an Asian (Anatolia) part. The E ...
and geographically part of the Marmara Region, are considered within this wine region. The climate on the coastal areas is maritime, typical Mediterranean with hot summers and mild winters, while on the Anatolian plateau it is continental with less rainfall. Vineyards at the coastal area are at an elevation of around and the ones at the inland parts are at around . The temperatures vary between at the coastal areas and at inland areas reaching highs to in the summer and in the winter outmost. Annual average precipitation is varying from . The soil of the region consists partly of clay loam and is also
calcareous Calcareous () is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines. In zoology ''Calcareous'' is used as an ad ...
(chalk and limestone).
Alicante Bouschet Alicante Bouschet or Alicante Henri Bouschet is a wine grape variety that has been widely cultivated since 1866. It is a cross of Petit Bouschet (itself a cross of the very old variety Teinturier du Cher and Aramon) and Grenache.Boğazkere Boğazkere ( Kurdish: Şerabî)Prof. Hüseyn Karataş, Dicle University, Diyarbakir. 23.05.2012 is a grape variety and a Turkish wine originated from Diyarbakır Province near the Tigris river in the southeastern region of Turkey. It is a dark red ...
, Bornova Misketi, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon,
Carignan Carignan (also known as Mazuelo, Bovale Grande, Cariñena, Carinyena, Samsó, Carignane, and Carignano) is a red grape variety of Spanish origin that is more commonly found in French wine but is widely planted throughout the western Mediterra ...
, Chardonnay,
Çalkarası Çal Karası is a variety of red wine grape from the Çal district of the Denizli Province of western Turkey. It also gives its name to a wine produced from the grape, which is sweet with berry fruit flavours. History A local selection in an area ...
, Çavuş, Dimrit, Grenache, Kalecik Karası, Karalahna, Karasakız (Kuntra),
Malbec Malbec () is a purple grape variety used in making red wine. The grapes tend to have an inky dark color and robust tannins, and are known as one of the six grapes allowed in the blend of red Bordeaux wine. In France, plantations of Malbec are n ...
, Merlot,
Mourvèdre Mourvèdre (also known as Mataro or Monastrell) is a red wine grape variety grown in many regions around the world including the Rhône and Provence regions of France, the Valencia and Jumilla and Yecla '' denominaciones de origen'' (DOs) of S ...
, Narince, Öküzgözü,
Petit Verdot Petit Verdot is a variety of red wine grape, principally used in classic Bordeaux blends. It ripens much later than the other varieties in Bordeaux, often too late, so it fell out of favour in its home region. When it does ripen it adds tannin, ...
, Pinot noir,
Sangiovese Sangiovese (, also , , ) is a red Italian wine grape variety that derives its name from the Latin ''sanguis Jovis'', "the blood of Jupiter". Though it is the grape of most of central Italy from Romagna down to Lazio (the most widespread grape ...
, Sauvignon Blanc, Syrah, Sultaniye,
Tempranillo Tempranillo (also known as Ull de Llebre, Cencibel, Tinto Fino and Tinta del Pais in Spain, Aragonez or Tinta Roriz in Portugal, and several other synonyms elsewhere) is a black grape variety widely grown to make full-bodied red wines in its ...
, Vasilaki and Viognier are the grape varieties of the region. The Aegean wine region produces about 52.7% of the wine in Turkey.


Mediterranean wine region

The southernmost wine region of Turkey is the Mediterranean including wine production mainly in
Antalya Province Antalya Province ( tr, ) is located on the Mediterranean coast of south-west Turkey, between the Taurus Mountains and the Mediterranean Sea. Antalya Province is the centre of Turkey's tourism industry, attracting 30% of foreign tourists visi ...
and
Mersin Province Mersin Province ( tr, ), formerly İçel Province ( tr, ), is a province in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of f ...
. The climate of the region is typical Mediterranean characterized with hot summers and mild winters. Annual precipitation is in the range of . Average temperature observed the year around is between . The soil found here varies from pebbly clay loam to calcareous chalks. The regions wine varieties are Boğazkere, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Kalecik Karas›, Malbec, Merlot, Öküzgözü, Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Blanc and Syrah. The region's contribution to the Turkey's wine production is only 0.2%.


Mid-southern Anatolia wine region

The Mid-southern Anatolia wine region consists of the provinces Kayseri, Kırşehir, Aksarayi and Niğde in east of Central Anatolia. The climate has a continental character with hot dry summers and cold winters. At the
Cappadocia Cappadocia or Capadocia (; tr, Kapadokya), is a historical region in Central Anatolia, Turkey. It largely is in the provinces Nevşehir, Kayseri, Aksaray, Kırşehir, Sivas and Niğde. According to Herodotus, in the time of the Ionian Re ...
steppes, the daily temperature shows a big difference between day and night. Annual precipitation differs from with a mean value of . The temperature lies between in the long term. The soil found in the region is sand, sandstone, decomposed volcanic
tuff Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Following ejection and deposition, the ash is lithified into a solid rock. Rock that contains greater than 75% ash is considered tuff, while rock ...
, the latter contributing to good quality grapes for wine production. Chardonnay, Dimrit, Emir, Kalecik Karası, Malbec, Narince, Öküzgözü, Sauvignon Blanc, Tempranillo are the grape varieties of the region. 12.1% of the country's wine production comes out of the region.


Mid-northern Anatolia wine region

The Mid-northern Anatolia wine region includes the vineyards of Uşak Province in the west and
Ankara Province Ankara Province ( tr, , ) is a province of Turkey with the capital city Ankara. Demographics History The site of the modern city has been home to settlements by many historic Anatolian civilizations in antiquity and classical times, in ...
in mid-north of Central Anatolia. The region's climate is continental with hot dry summers and cold winters. Annual precipitation varies between around the average of . The average temperature year around is in the range of . Main soil type is pebbly clay loam. Wine varieties of the region are Boğazkere, Kalecik Karası, Öküzgözü and Syrah. The wine production of the Mid-northern Anatolia region makes out 3.3% of Turkey's total production.


Mid-eastern Anatolia wine region

The Mid-eastern Anatolia wine region includes the wine areas of
Tokat Province Tokat Province ( tr, ) is a province in northern Turkey. Its adjacent provinces are Amasya to the northwest, Yozgat to the southwest, Sivas to the southeast, and Ordu to the northeast. Its capital is Tokat, which lies inland of the middle Black ...
in the north,
Elazığ Province Elazığ Province ( tr, ; Zazaki: Suke Xarpêt; ku, Parêzgeha Xarpêtê) is a province of Turkey with its seat in the city of Elazığ. The province had a population of 568,753 in 2014. The population of the province was 569,616 in 2000 and ...
and
Malatya Province Malatya Province ( tr, ; ku, Parezgêha Meletîyê) is a province of Turkey. It is part of a larger mountainous area. The capital of the province is Malatya. The area of Malatya province is 12,313 km². Malatya Province had a population of ...
in the east. The climate of Tokat area shows a transition between the Central Black Sea and the Central Anatolia climates while the climate of Elazığ and Malatya is typical terrestrial. Annual precipitation ranges from with a mean of . In the long term, the temperature varies between . In Tokat, the soil is glaciated
alluvial fan An alluvial fan is an accumulation of sediments that fans outwards from a concentrated source of sediments, such as a narrow canyon emerging from an escarpment. They are characteristic of mountainous terrain in arid to semiarid climates, but a ...
and Yeşilırmak river bed. In the Elazığ and Malatya area, it ranges from red clay to decomposed
granite Granite () is a coarse-grained ( phaneritic) intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase. It forms from magma with a high content of silica and alkali metal oxides that slowly cools and solidifies under ...
and chalky clay. Typical grape varieties of the region are Narince, Boğazkere and Öküzgözü. The region produces 14.7% of all the country's wine.


Southeast Anatolia wine region

Diyarbakır Province Diyarbakır Province ( tr, Diyarbakır ili, Zazaki: Suke Diyarbekır ku, Parêzgeha Amedê) is a province in southeastern Turkey. The province covers an area of 15,355 km2 and its population is 1,528,958. The provincial capital is the cit ...
is the main wine growing area in Southeastern Anatolia. The climate is terrestrial characterized with dry, very hot days and cold nights in the summer time. The precipitation ranges from . The year-around average temperature is between . The soil differs from decomposed sandstone to
red clay Ultisols, commonly known as red clay soils, are one of twelve soil orders in the United States Department of Agriculture soil taxonomy. The word "Ultisol" is derived from "ultimate", because Ultisols were seen as the ultimate product of continu ...
. Boğazkere is the main grape variety of the region, which produces 3.4% of Turkey's wine.


See also

*
Turkish wine Turkish wine is wine made in the transcontinental Eurasian country Turkey. The Caucasus region, where Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Iran are located, played a pivotal role in the early history of wine and is likely to have been one of the earl ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Turkish wine regions
Wine regions This list of wine-producing regions catalogues significant growing regions where vineyards are planted. Wine grapes mostly grow between the 30th and the 50th degree of latitude, in both the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Grapes will sometimes ...
Turkish