{{Lists of Swedes This is a list of Swedish scientists.

Archaeology

* Lili Kaelas (1919–2007), Stone and Bronze Age archaeologist

Biology and environmental science

* Albertina Carlsson (1848–1930), zoologist *

Augusta Christie-Linde Augusta Maria Christie-Linde née Ärnbåack-Andersson (1870–1953) was a Swedish zoologist, museum curator and educator. An active member of the zoological research community at Stockholm College from the early 1900s, she was the first woman t ...

(1870–1953), zoologist *

Jonas C. Dryander Jonas Carlsson Dryander (5 March 1748 – 19 October 1810) was a Swedish botanist. Biography Dryander was born in Gothenburg, Sweden. He was the son of Carl Leonard Dryander and Brita Maria Montin. He was a pupil of Carl Linnaeus at Uppsa ...

(1748–1810), botanist * Eva Ekeblad (1724–1786), agronomist * Erik Leonard Ekman (1883–1931), botanist *

Elias Magnus Fries Elias Magnus Fries (15 August 1794 – 8 February 1878) was a Swedish mycologist and botanist. Career Fries was born at Femsjö ( Hylte Municipality), Småland, the son of the pastor there. He attended school in Växjö. He acquire ...

(1794–1878), botanist * AnnMari Jansson (1934–2007), systems ecologist *

Pehr Kalm Pehr Kalm (6 March 1716 – 16 November 1779), also known as Peter Kalm, was a Swedish explorer, botanist, naturalist, and agricultural economist. He was one of the most important apostles of Carl Linnaeus. In 1747, he was commissioned by th ...

(1716–1779), botanist *

Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, ...

(1707–1778), botanist, "father of taxonomy" * René Malaise (1892–1978), entomologist * Lisbeth Olsson (1963–), professor in industrial biotechnology * Johan Rockström (1965–), professor in environmental science and executive director of the

Stockholm Resilience Centre The Stockholm Resilience Centre (SRC), is a research centre on resilience and sustainability science at Stockholm University. It is a joint initiative between Stockholm University and the Beijer Institute of Ecological Economics at the Royal Swe ...

* Olaus Rudbeckius, junior (1660–1740), botanist * Daniel Solander (1733–1782), botanist * Peter Gustaf Tengmalm (1754–1803), naturalist

Chemistry

* Johan August Arfwedson (1792–1841), chemist * Svante Arrhenius (1859–1927), chemist and physicist * Karin Aurivillius (1920–1982),

chemist A chemist (from Greek ''chēm(ía)'' alchemy; replacing ''chymist'' from Medieval Latin ''alchemist'') is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties. Chemists carefully describe th ...

and crystallographer *

Jöns Jacob Berzelius Baron Jöns Jacob Berzelius (; by himself and his contemporaries named only Jacob Berzelius, 20 August 1779 – 7 August 1848) was a Swedish chemist. Berzelius is considered, along with Robert Boyle, John Dalton, and Antoine Lavoisier, to be o ...

(1779–1848), chemist * Lars Ernster (1920–1998), biochemistry, member of the Board of the

Nobel Foundation The Nobel Foundation ( sv, Nobelstiftelsen) is a private institution founded on 29 June 1900 to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes. The foundation is based on the last will of Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite. I ...

* Christina Lampe-Önnerud (1967–), chemist *

Alfred Nobel Alfred Bernhard Nobel ( , ; 21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist. He is best known for having bequeathed his fortune to establish the Nobel Prize, though he al ...

(1833–1896), chemist and founder of the

Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...

s *

Carl Wilhelm Scheele Carl Wilhelm Scheele (, ; 9 December 1742 – 21 May 1786) was a Swedish German pharmaceutical chemist. Scheele discovered oxygen (although Joseph Priestley published his findings first), and identified molybdenum, tungsten, barium, hydr ...

(1742–1786), chemist *

Theodor Svedberg Theodor Svedberg (30 August 1884 – 25 February 1971) was a Swedish chemist and Nobel laureate for his research on colloids and proteins using the ultracentrifuge. Svedberg was active at Uppsala University from the mid 1900s to late 1940s. ...

(1884–1971), chemist

Computer science and numerical analysis

* Björn Engquist (1945–), numerical analysis * Johan Håstad (1960–), theoretical computer science * Laila Ohlgren (1937–2014), telecommunications

Engineering

* Nils Alwall (1904–86), inventor and engineer * Arne Asplund (1903–1993), inventor and engineer * Karl Johan Åström (1934–), engineer, control theorist * Nils Bohlin (1920–2002), inventor and engineer * Marianne Kärrholm (1921–2018), chemical engineer and professor * Ingrid Bruce (1940–2012), engineer and trade unionist * Gustaf Dalén (1869–1937), inventor and engineer *

Rune Elmqvist Rune Elmqvist (1906–1996) developed the first implantable pacemaker in 1958, working under the direction of Åke Senning, senior physician and cardiac surgeon at the Karolinska University Hospital in Solna, Sweden. Elmqvist initially worked as ...

(1906–1996), inventor and engineer *

John Ericsson John Ericsson (born Johan Ericsson; July 31, 1803 – March 8, 1889) was a Swedish-American inventor. He was active in England and the United States. Ericsson collaborated on the design of the railroad steam locomotive ''Novelty'', which co ...

(1803–1889), inventor and engineer *

Lars Magnus Ericsson Lars Magnus Ericsson (; 5 May 1846 – 17 December 1926) was a Swedish inventor, entrepreneur and founder of telephone equipment manufacturer Ericsson ( incorporated as ''Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson''). Lars Magnus was born in Värmsko ...

(1846–1926), inventor and engineer * Carl Edvard Johansson (1864–1943), inventor and engineer * Johan Petter Johansson (1864–1943), inventor and engineer * Håkan Lans (1947–), inventor and engineer * Gustaf de Laval (1845–1913), inventor and engineer *

Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist Frans Wilhelm Lindqvist (1862 – 1931) was a Swedish inventor. He designed the first sootless kerosene stove, operated by compressed air. He started a company, Primus, to manufacture and sell the Primus stove. Lindqvist was born in Väst ...

(1862–1931), inventor and engineer *

Carl Rickard Nyberg Carl Richard Nyberg (28 May 1858 – 25 March 1939) was a Swedish inventor and industrialist. Nyberg was a pioneer in mechanical engineering. He received a patent for a blow lamp and was an aviation pioneer. Biography Nyberg was born at Arboga ...

(1858–1939), inventor and engineer *

Gustaf Erik Pasch Gustaf Erik Pasch (born Berggren) (3 September 1788 – 6 September 1862) was a Swedish inventor and professor of chemistry at Karolinska institute in Stockholm and inventor of the safety match. He was born in Norrköping, the son of a carpenter ...

(1788–1862), inventor and engineer * Baltzar von Platen (1898–1984), inventor and engineer *

Erik Wallenberg Erik Wallenberg (25 December 1915 – 18 October 1999) was a Swedish engineer. He is credited for inventing the Tetra Pak tetrahedron packaging in 1944. Career Wallenberg had initially planned to join the Army as an officer, but fell ill during ...

(1915–1999), inventor and engineer * Waloddi Weibull (1887–1979), material scientist * Jonas Wenström (1855–1893), inventor and engineer * Sven Wingquist (1876–1953), inventor and engineer

Geology and geography

* Arne Bjerhammar (1917–2011), geodesy * Torsten Hägerstrand (1916–2004), geography * Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld (1832–1901), geology, Arctic explorer * Otto Nordenskiöld (6 December 1869 – 1928), geology, explorer

Mathematics

* Albert Victor Bäcklund (1845–1922) *

Arne Beurling Arne Carl-August Beurling (3 February 1905 – 20 November 1986) was a Swedish mathematician and professor of mathematics at Uppsala University (1937–1954) and later at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. Beurling worked ...

(1905–1986), analysis * Lennart Carleson (1928–), analysis * Per Enflo (1944–), analysis * Sture Eskilsson (1930–2016), economist *

Erik Ivar Fredholm Erik Ivar Fredholm (7 April 1866 – 17 August 1927) was a Swedish mathematician whose work on integral equations and operator theory foreshadowed the theory of Hilbert spaces. Biography Fredholm was born in Stockholm in 1866. He obtained his P ...

(1866–1927), analysis * Olle Häggström (1967–), mathematical statistics *

Lars Hörmander Lars Valter Hörmander (24 January 1931 – 25 November 2012) was a Swedish mathematician who has been called "the foremost contributor to the modern theory of linear partial differential equations". Hörmander was awarded the Fields Med ...

(1931–2012), analysis *

Helge von Koch Niels Fabian Helge von Koch (25 January 1870 – 11 March 1924) was a Swedish mathematician who gave his name to the famous fractal known as the Koch snowflake, one of the earliest fractal curves to be described. He was born to Swedish nobility ...

(1870–1924), analysis * Sonja Kovalevskaya (1850–1891), analysis, partial differential equations * Anders Martin-Löf (1940–), analysis and mathematical physics * Per Martin-Löf (1942–), logic, statistics, and computer science *

Gösta Mittag-Leffler Magnus Gustaf "Gösta" Mittag-Leffler (16 March 1846 – 7 July 1927) was a Swedish mathematician. His mathematical contributions are connected chiefly with the theory of functions, which today is called complex analysis. Biography Mittag-Leffl ...

(1846–1927), analysis

Medicine

Arvid Carlsson Arvid Carlsson (25 January 1923 – 29 June 2018) was a Swedish neuropharmacologist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in Parkinson's disease. For his work on dopamine, Carlsson was awarded the Nob ...

(1923–2018), neuroscientist * Ulf von Euler (1905–1983), physiologist and pharmacologist * Björn Folkow (1921–2012), physiologist *

Allvar Gullstrand Allvar Gullstrand (5 June 1862 – 28 July 1930) was a Swedish ophthalmologist and optician. Life Born at Landskrona, Sweden, Gullstrand was professor (1894–1927) successively of eye therapy and of optics at the University of Uppsala. He ap ...

(1862–1930), medicine * Olaus Rudbeckius (1630–1702), medicine * Ellen Sandelin (1862–1907) practicing physician in Stockholm, who received her medical license in 1897 * Stina Stenhagen (1916–1973), medical biochemist * Hugo Theorell (1903–1982), medicine

Physics and astronomy

Hannes Alfvén Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén (; 30 May 1908 – 2 April 1995) was a Swedish electrical engineer, plasma physicist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). He described the class of MHD waves now ...

(1908–1995), physicist * Anders Jonas Ångström (1814–1874), physicist * Oskar Backlund (1846–1916), astronomer * Anders Celsius (1701–1744), astronomer * Bengt Edlén (1906–1993), physicist * V. Walfrid Ekman (1874–1954), physical oceanographer *

Oskar Klein Oskar Benjamin Klein (; 15 September 1894 – 5 February 1977) was a Swedish theoretical physicist. Biography Klein was born in Danderyd outside Stockholm, son of the chief rabbi of Stockholm, Gottlieb Klein from Humenné in Kingdom of Hung ...

(1894–1977), physicist * Per-Olov Löwdin (1916–2000), physicist *

Knut Lundmark Knut Emil Lundmark (14 June 1889 in Älvsbyn, Sweden – 23 April 1958 in Lund, Sweden), was a Swedish astronomer, professor of astronomy and head of the observatory at Lund University from 1929 to 1955. Lundmark received his astronomical educa ...

(1889–1958), astronomer *

Lise Meitner Elise Meitner ( , ; 7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968) was an Austrian-Swedish physicist who was one of those responsible for the discovery of the element protactinium and nuclear fission. While working at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute on r ...

(1878–1968), nuclear physicist * Christopher Polhem (1661–1751), physicist * Carl-Gustaf Rossby (1898–1957), meteorologist * Janne Rydberg (1854–1919), physicist * Manne Siegbahn (1886–1978), physicist * Kai Siegbahn (1918–2007), physicist * Rolf Maximilian Sievert (1896-1966), medical physicist * Karin Öberg (1982–), astrochemist

Social sciences

* Pär-Erik Back (1920–1988), social scientist * Alvar Ellegård (1919–2008), linguistics, confessional beliefs * Phebe Fjellström (1924–2007), ethnologist * Orvar Löfgren (1943–), ethnologist * Margareta Wahlström (born 1950), senior UN official

Statistics and data science

Harald Cramér Harald Cramér (; 25 September 1893 – 5 October 1985) was a Swedish mathematician, actuary, and statistician, specializing in mathematical statistics and probabilistic number theory. John Kingman described him as "one of the giants of stat ...

(1893–1985), mathematical statistics * Ulf Grenander (1923–2016), stochastic processes and pattern recognition *

Karl Gustav Jöreskog Karl Gustav Jöreskog (born 25 April 1935) is a Swedish statistician. Jöreskog is a Professor Emeritus at Uppsala University, and a co-author (with Dag Sörbom) of the LISREL statistical program. He is also a member of the Royal Swedish Acade ...

(1935–), multivariate analysis *

Olav Kallenberg Olav Kallenberg (born 1939) is a probability theorist known for his work on exchangeable stochastic processes and for his graduate-level textbooks and monographs. Kallenberg is a professor of mathematics at Auburn University in Alabama in the US ...

(1939–), probability *

Gunnar Kulldorff Gunnar Kulldorff (6 December 1927 – 25 June 2015) was a Swedish statistician, specializing in estimation theory, survey sampling and order statistics. From 1989 to 1991, he was the president of the International Statistical Institute. Biog ...

(1927–2015), estimation and survey sampling *

Herman Wold Herman Ole Andreas Wold (25 December 1908 – 16 February 1992) was a Norwegian-born econometrician and statistician who had a long career in Sweden. Wold was known for his work in mathematical economics, in time series analysis, and in econometri ...

(1908–1992), econometrics and time series analysis