The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Romania:

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

– unitary

semi-presidential republic A semi-presidential republic, is a republic in which a president exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet, with the latter two being responsible to the legislature of the state. It differs from a parliamentary republic in that it has ...

located in Central-

Southeastern Europe Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe (SEE) is a geographical subregion of Europe, consisting primarily of the Balkans. Sovereign states and territories that are included in the region are Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia (a ...

, bordering the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Rom ...

to the south-east, between

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedo ...

and

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

. It also borders

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...

to the west,

Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin and the Balkans. It shares land borders with Hungar ...

to the south-west, and the

Republic of Moldova A republic () is a " state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th ...

to the east. It covers 238,391 square kilometres (92,043 sq mi) and has a predominantly

temperate continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freezing ...

. With 19 million inhabitants (as of early 2022), it is the seventh most populous member state of the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been de ...

(EU). Its capital and largest city,

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...

, is the fourth largest city in the EU. It encompasses the historical regions of

Wallachia Wallachia or Walachia (; ro, Țara Românească, lit=The Romanian Land' or 'The Romanian Country, ; archaic: ', Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and s ...

(including Dobruja), Moldavia (including Bukovina), Transylvania (including Banat, Maramureș, and Crișana). ''Romania'' derives from the Latin ''romanus'', meaning Ancient Rome, "citizen of Rome".

General reference

* International Phonetic Alphabet, Pronunciation: * Common English country name:

* Official English country name:

* Common endonym(s): List of countries and capitals in native languages, România * Official endonym(s): List of official endonyms of present-day nations and states, Român * List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names#Countries and nations, Adjectival(s): Romanian (disambiguation), Romanian * List of adjectival and demonymic forms of place names#Countries and nations, Demonym(s): Romanian * Etymology: Name of Romania * ISO country codes: RO, ROU, 642 * ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:RO * Internet country code top-level domain: .ro

Geography of Romania

Geography of Romania * Romania is: a country * Location: ** Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere ** Eurasia *** Europe **** Central Europe **** Eastern Europe ** Time zone: Eastern European Time (UTC+02), Eastern European Summer Time (UTC+03) ** Extreme points of Romania *** High: Moldoveanu Peak, Moldoveanu *** Low:

0 m ** Land boundaries: 2,508 km :: 608 km :: 531 km :: 476 km :: 450 km :: 443 km :* Coastline:

225 km * Population of Romania: 19,638,000 (2017) – List of countries by population, 58st most populous country * Area of Romania: 238,391 km² * :commons:Atlas of Romania, Atlas of Romania

Environment of Romania

* Climate of Romania * Environmental issues in Romania * Renewable energy in Romania * Geology of Romania * Protected areas of Romania * Wildlife of Romania ** Flora of Romania ** Fauna of Romania *** List of birds of Romania, Birds of Romania *** List of mammals of Romania, Mammals of Romania

Geographic features of Romania

* Glaciers of Romania * List of islands of Romania, Islands of Romania * List of lakes in Romania, Lakes of Romania * List of mountains in Romania, Mountains of Romania * List of rivers of Romania, Rivers of Romania * List of World Heritage Sites in Europe#Romania, World Heritage Sites in Romania

Regions of Romania

Administrative divisions of Romania

Administrative divisions of Romania * Regions of Romania (disambiguation), Regions of Romania ** Counties of Romania *** Municipalities of Romania

= Regions of Romania

Development regions of Romania These are the 8 development regions in Romania, which (with the exception of București-Ilfov) are named by their geographical position in the country: * Macroregiunea 1: ** Nord-Vest (development region), Nord-Vest (6 counties) ** Centru (development region), Centru (6 counties) *Macroregiunea 2: ** Nord-Est (development region), Nord-Est (6 counties) ** Sud-Est (development region), Sud-Est (6 counties) *Macroregiunea 3: ** Sud (development region), Sud-Muntenia (7 counties) ** București-Ilfov (development region), București-Ilfov (1 county and Bucharest) *Macroregiunea 4: ** Sud-Vest (development region), Sud-Vest Oltenia (5 counties) ** Vest (development region), Vest (4 counties)

= Counties of Romania

= Counties of Romania {{center, {{Romanian counties map {, class="wikitable sortable" ! Name ! Common
abbrev. ! Capital ! Area (km²) , - , Alba County, Alba , AB , Alba Iulia , 6,242 , - , Arad County, Arad , AR , Arad, Romania, Arad , 7,754 , - , Argeș County, Argeș , AG , Pitești , 6,862 , - , Bacău County, Bacău , BC , Bacău , 6,621 , - , Bihor County, Bihor , BH , Oradea , 7,544 , - , Bistrița-Năsăud County, Bistrița-Năsăud , BN , Bistrița , 5,355 , - , Botoșani County, Botoșani , BT , Botoșani , 4,986 , - , Brașov County, Brașov , BV , Brașov , 5,363 , - , Brăila County, Brăila , BR , Brăila , 4,766 , - , Buzău County, Buzău , BZ , Buzău , 6,103 , - , Caraș-Severin County, Caraș-Severin , CS , Reșița , 8,514 , - , Călărași County, Călărași , CL , Călărași , 5,088 , - , Cluj County, Cluj , CJ , Cluj-Napoca , 6,674 , - , Constanța County, Constanța , CT , Constanța , 7,071 , - , Covasna County, Covasna , CV , Sfântu Gheorghe , 3,710 , - , Dâmbovița County, Dâmbovița , DB , Târgoviște , 4,054 , - , Dolj County, Dolj , DJ , Craiova , 7,414 , - , Galați County, Galați , GL , Galați , 4,466 , - , Giurgiu County, Giurgiu , GR , Giurgiu , 3,526 , - , Gorj County, Gorj , GJ , Târgu Jiu , 5,602 , - , Harghita County, Harghita , HR , Miercurea Ciuc , 6,639 , - , Hunedoara County, Hunedoara , HD , Deva, Romania, Deva , 7,063 , - , Ialomița County, Ialomița , IL , Slobozia , 4,453 , - , Iași County, Iași , IS , Iași , 5,476 , - , Ilfov County, Ilfov , IF , Buftea , 1,583 , - , Maramureș County, Maramureș , MM , Baia Mare , 6,304 , - , Mehedinți County, Mehedinți , MH , Drobeta-Turnu Severin , 4,933 , - , Mureș County, Mureș , MS , Târgu Mureș , 6,714 , - , Neamț County, Neamț , NT , Piatra Neamț , 5,896 , - , Olt County, Olt , OT , Slatina, Romania, Slatina , 5,498 , - , Prahova County, Prahova , PH , Ploiești , 4,716 , - , Satu Mare County, Satu Mare , SM , Satu Mare , 4,418 , - , Sălaj County, Sălaj , SJ , Zalău , 3,864 , - , Sibiu County, Sibiu , SB , Sibiu , 5,432 , - , Suceava County, Suceava , SV , Suceava , 8,553 , - , Teleorman County, Teleorman , TR , Alexandria, Romania, Alexandria , 5,790 , - , Timiș County, Timiș , TM , Timișoara , 8,697 , - , Tulcea County, Tulcea , TL , Tulcea , 8,499 , - , Vaslui County, Vaslui , VS , Vaslui , 5,318 , - , Vâlcea County, Vâlcea , VL , Râmnicu Vâlcea , 5,765 , - , Vrancea County, Vrancea , VN , Focșani , 4,857 , - , Bucharest, București , B , ''(Bucharest municipality)'' , 228

= Municipalities of Romania

= Municipalities of Romania * Capital (political), Capital of Romania: Capital of Romania, Bucharest * List of cities in Romania, Cities of Romania

Demography of Romania

Demographics of Romania

Neighbours of Romania

* Moldavia *

Government and politics of Romania

{{Main, Government of Romania, Politics of Romania * Form of government: Unitary state, unitary Semi-presidential system, semi-presidential Representative democracy, representative democratic republic * Capital (political), Capital of Romania: Capital of Romania, Bucharest * Elections in Romania * List of political parties in Romania, Political parties in Romania * List of corruption scandals in Romania, Corruption scandals in Romania

Branches of the government of Romania

Government of Romania

Executive branch of the government of Romania

* Head of state: President of Romania, Klaus Iohannis ** Presidents of Romania * Head of government: Prime Minister of Romania, Ludovic Orban **Prime ministers of Romania * Cabinet of Romania

Legislative branch of the government of Romania

* Parliament of Romania – bicameral, composed of two equal houses: ** The Chamber of Deputies of Romania ** The Senate of Romania

Judicial branch of the government of Romania

Court system of Romania * Supreme Court of Romania

Foreign relations of Romania

Foreign relations of Romania * List of diplomatic missions in Romania, Diplomatic missions in Romania * Diplomatic missions of Romania

International organization membership

Romania is a member of: {{Col-begin {{Col-2 * Australia Group * Bank for International Settlements (BIS) * Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC) * Central European Initiative (CEI) * Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI) * Council of Europe (CE) * Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) * European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) * European Investment Bank (EIB) * European Space Agency (ESA) *

(EU) * Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) * Group of 9 (G9) * International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) * International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) * International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) * International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) * International Criminal Court (ICCt) * International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) * International Development Association (IDA) * International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) * International Finance Corporation (IFC) * International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) * International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) * International Labour Organization (ILO) * International Maritime Organization (IMO) * International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) * International Monetary Fund (IMF) * International Olympic Committee (IOC) * International Organization for Migration (IOM) * International Organization for Standardization (ISO) * International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM) * International Telecommunication Union (ITU) * International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) * International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) {{Col-2 * Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) * Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) (observer) * Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) * Nonaligned Movement (NAM) (guest) * North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) * Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) *''Organisation internationale de la Francophonie'' (OIF) * Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) * Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) * Organization of American States (OAS) (observer) * Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) * Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) * United Nations (UN) * United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) * United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) * United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) * United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) * United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) * United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS) * United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG) * United Nations Operation in Cote d'Ivoire (UNOCI) * United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) *''Uniunea Latină'' * Universal Postal Union (UPU) * Western European Union (WEU) (associate partner) * World Confederation of Labour (WCL) * World Customs Organization (WCO) * World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) * World Health Organization (WHO) * World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) * World Meteorological Organization (WMO) * World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) * World Trade Organization (WTO) * Zangger Committee (ZC) {{Col-end

Law and order in Romania

Law of Romania * Capital punishment in Romania * Constitution of Romania * Crime in Romania * Human rights in Romania ** LGBT rights in Romania ** Freedom of religion in Romania * Law enforcement in Romania

Military of Romania

Military of Romania * Command ** Commander-in-chief: President of Romania *** Ministry of Defence (Romania), Ministry of Defence of Romania * Forces ** Army of Romania ** Navy of Romania ** Air Force of Romania ** Special forces of Romania * Military history of Romania * Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia, Military ranks of Romania

Local government in Romania

History of Romania

History of Romania, by period

* Timeline of Romanian history * Prehistoric Romania * Dacia * Dacia (Roman province), Roman Dacia * Romania in the Middle Ages * Early Modern Romania * United Principalities * Kingdom of Romania ** Kings of Romania * Romanian Campaign (World War I) * Greater Romania * Romania during World War II * Socialist Republic of Romania * Romanian Revolution * History of Romania since 1989 * Portal:Current events/Romania, Current events of Romania

History of Romania, by region

* Bessarabia * Dobruja * Moldavia *

** List of rulers of Wallachia * Transylvania

History of Romania, by subject

* History of the Jews in Romania * Military history of Romania ** Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia * Romanian mythology

Culture of Romania

Culture of Romania * Romanian Academy * Architecture of Romania * Cuisine of Romania * Customs of Romania ** Christmas worldwide#Romania and Moldova, Romanian Christmas customs * minorities of Romania, Ethnic minorities in Romania * Festivals in Romania * Folklore of Romania * Holidays in Romania * Romanian humour, Humor in Romania * Media in Romania * Romanian mythology, Mythology of Romania * National symbols of Romania ** Coat of arms of Romania ** Flag of Romania ** National anthem of Romania * People of Romania * Romanian philosophy, Philosophy of Romania * Prostitution in Romania * Public holidays in Romania * List of records of Romania, Records of Romania * List of World Heritage Sites in Europe#Romania, World Heritage Sites in Romania

Art in Romania

Art of Romania, Art in Romania * Romanian architecture, Architecture of Romania * Cinema of Romania * List of folk dances sorted by origin#Romania, Dance in Romania * Literature of Romania * Music of Romania ** Romanian rock music ** National anthem of Romania * Television in Romania * Theatre in Romania

Languages of Romania

Languages of Romania * Romanian language * Moldovan language * Istro-Romanian language * Megleno-Romanian language * Aromanian language * Hungarian language

People of Romania

*List of most common surnames in Europe#Romania, Common Romanian surnames *List of personal naming conventions#Name order, Eastern name order used in Romanian personal names

Romanians

Romanians * List of Romanians * List of Romanian writers * List of Romanian poets * List of Romanian monarchs * List of famous Romanians

Romanian diaspora

Romanian diaspora * Romanian American ** List of Romanian Americans * Romanian Canadian * Romanian French * Romanians of Australia * Romanians in Bulgaria * Romanians of Serbia

Religion in Romania

Religion in Romania * Christianity in Romania ** Baptist Union of Romania *** Convention of the Hungarian Baptist Churches of Romania ** Romanian Orthodox Church * Hinduism in Romania * Islam in Romania * Judaism in Romania

Sports in Romania

Sports in Romania * Football in Romania * Romania at the Olympics

Economy and infrastructure of Romania

Economy of Romania * List of countries by GDP (nominal), Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 42nd (forty-second) * Agriculture in Romania * Banking in Romania ** National Bank of Romania * Communications in Romania ** Internet in Romania ** List of Romanian-language television stations, Romanian-language television stations ** List of radio stations in Romania, Radio stations in Romania * List of companies of Romania, Companies of Romania ** Supermarkets in Romania ** Antena 1 (Romania), Antena 1 ** Billa (supermarket), Billa ** Angst (supermarket), Angst ** La Fourmi ** Vodafone Romania ** Orange Romania ** Romanian Television ** List of newspapers in Romania ** Automobile Dacia * Currency of Romania: Romanian leu, Leu ** ISO 4217: Romanian leu, RON * Energy in Romania ** Energy policy of Romania ** Oil industry in Romania * Mining in Romania * Tourism in Romania * Bucharest Stock Exchange * Sibiu Stock Exchange * Health care in Romania * Transport in Romania ** List of airports in Romania, Airports in Romania ** Rail transport in Romania ** Roads in Romania * Water supply and sanitation in Romania

Education in Romania

Education in Romania * List of universities in Romania

References

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