The chronology of Indian mathematicians spans from the

Indus Valley civilisation The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form 2600 BCE to 1900& ...

and the

Vedas upright=1.2, The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the '' Atharvaveda''. The Vedas (, , ) are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India. Composed in Vedic Sanskrit, the texts constitute th ...

to Modern India. Indian mathematicians have made a number of contributions to mathematics that have significantly influenced scientists and mathematicians in the modern era.

Hindu-Arabic numerals Arabic numerals are the ten numerical digits: , , , , , , , , and . They are the most commonly used symbols to write decimal numbers. They are also used for writing numbers in other systems such as octal, and for writing identifiers such as ...

predominantly used today and likely into the future.

Ancient

Baudhayana sutras The (Sanskrit: बौधायन) are a group of Vedic Sanskrit texts which cover dharma, daily ritual, mathematics and is one of the oldest Dharma-related texts of Hinduism that have survived into the modern age from the 1st-millennium BCE. Th ...

(fl. c. 900 BCE) *

Yajnavalkya Yajnavalkya or Yagyavalkya ( sa, याज्ञवल्क्य, ) is a Hindu Vedic sage figuring in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (c. 700 BCE)., Quote: "Yajnavalkya, a Vedic sage, taught..."Ben-Ami Scharfstein (1998), ''A comparative histor ...

(700 BCE) * Manava (fl. 750–650 BCE) *

Apastamba Dharmasutra ''Āpastamba Dharmasūtra'' (Sanskrit: आपस्तम्ब धर्मसूत्र) is a Sanskrit text and one of the oldest Dharma-related texts of Hinduism that have survived into the modern age from the 1st-millennium BCE. It is one of ...

(c. 600 BCE) *''

Pāṇini , era = ;;6th–5th century BCE , region = Indian philosophy , main_interests = Grammar, linguistics , notable_works = ' ( Classical Sanskrit) , influenced= , notable_ideas= Descriptive linguistics (Devana ...

'' (c. 520–460 BCE) *

Kātyāyana Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) also spelled as Katyayana (est. c. 6th to 3rd century BCE) was a Sanskrit grammarian, mathematician and Vedic priest who lived in ancient India. पतञ्जलीमहर्षिः Patanjali Maharsh ...

(fl. c. 300 BCE) * Akspada Gautama(c. 600 BCE–200 CE) *

Bharata Muni Bharata Muni (Hindi: भरत मुनि) was an ancient sage who the musical treatise '' Natya Shastra'' is traditionally attributed to. The work covers ancient Indian dramaturgy and histrionics, especially Sanskrit theatre. Bharata is co ...

(200 BCE-200 CE) *

Pingala Acharya Pingala ('; c. 3rd2nd century BCE) was an ancient Indian poet and mathematician, and the author of the ' (also called the ''Pingala-sutras''), the earliest known treatise on Sanskrit prosody. The ' is a work of eight chapters in the la ...

(c. 3rd/2nd century BCE)

Classical

Post-Vedic Sanskrit to Pala period mathematicians (2nd century BCE to 11th century CE)

Medieval Period (1200–1800)

Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy

Madhava of Sangamagrama Iriññāttappiḷḷi Mādhavan known as Mādhava of Sangamagrāma () was an Indian mathematician and astronomer from the town believed to be present-day Kallettumkara, Aloor Panchayath, Irinjalakuda in Thrissur District, Kerala, India. He ...

* Parameshvara (1360–1455), discovered drk-ganita, a mode of astronomy based on observations *

Nilakantha Somayaji Keļallur Nilakantha Somayaji (14 June 1444 – 1544), also referred to as Keļallur Comatiri, was a major mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. One of his most influential works was the comprehens ...

(1444–1545), mathematician and astronomer *

Shankara Variyar Shankara Variyar (; .) was an astronomer-mathematician of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. His family were employed as temple-assistants in the temple at near modern Ottapalam. Mathematical lineage He was taught mainly by Nila ...

(c. 1530) * Jyeshtadeva (1500–1610), author of '' Yuktibhāṣā'' *

Achyuta Pisharati Achyuta Pisharodi (c. 1550 at Thrikkandiyur (aka Kundapura), Tirur, Kerala, India – 7 July 1621 in Kerala) was a Sanskrit grammarian, astrologer, astronomer and mathematician who studied under Jyeṣṭhadeva and was a member of Madhav ...

(1550–1621), mathematician and astronomer *

Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri Melputtur Narayana Bhattatiri ( ml, മേല്പുത്തൂർ നാരായണ ഭട്ടതിരി Mēlputtūr Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭatiri; 1560–1646/1666), third student of Achyuta Pisharati, was a member of Madhava of Sangamagra ...

(1560–1646/1666) *

Achyuta Panikkar Achyuta Pisharodi (c. 1550 at Thrikkandiyur (aka Kundapura), Tirur, Kerala, India – 7 July 1621 in Kerala) was a Sanskrit grammarian, astrologer, astronomer and mathematician who studied under Jyeṣṭhadeva and was a member of Madhava o ...

(c. 1550 – 7 July 1621)

Navya-Nyāya (Neo-Logical) School

* Raghunatha Siromani (1475–1550) * Gangesha Upadhyaya (first half of the 14th century)

Others

Munishvara Munishvara or Munīśvara Viśvarūpa (born 1603) was an Indian mathematician who wrote several commentaries including one on astronomy ''Siddhanta Sarvabhauma'' (1646) which included descriptions of astronomical instruments such as the ''pratoda ...

(17th century) *

Kamalakara Kamalakara (1616 – 1700) was an Indian astronomer and mathematician, came from a learned family of scholars from Golagrāma, a village situated in Maharashtra State near Partha-puri (Pathari) on the northern bank of the river Godāvarī. His ...

(1657) * Narayana Pandita (1325–1400) *

Mahendra Suri Mahendra is a Sanskrit compound word deriving from Maha (Highest position) and Indra Deva (the King of Gods) from Hindu mythology.{{Citation needed, date=April 2022 It has been used in compound royal styles. History and politics Royalty * M ...

(14th century) * Mulla Jaunpuri (1606–1651)

Born in 19th century

Born in 20th century

* Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai (1901–1950) *

Raj Chandra Bose Raj Chandra Bose (19 June 1901 – 31 October 1987) was an Indian American mathematician and statistician best known for his work in design theory, finite geometry and the theory of error-correcting codes in which the class of BCH codes is pa ...

(1901–1987) *

Tirukkannapuram Vijayaraghavan Tirukkannapuram Vijayaraghavan ( ta, திருக்கண்ணபுரம் விஜயராகவன்; 30 November 1902 – 20 April 1955) was an Indian mathematician from the Madras region. He worked with G. H. Hardy when he went to ...

(1902–1955) *

Dattaraya Ramchandra Kaprekar Dattatreya Ramchandra Kaprekar ( mr, दत्तात्रेय रामचंद्र कापरेकर; 17 January 1905 – 1986) was an Indian recreational mathematician who described several classes of natural numbers incl ...

(1905–1986) *

Lakkoju Sanjeevaraya Sharma Lakkoju Sanjeevaraya Sarma () (22 November 1907 – 2 December 1998) was an Indian mathematician. He gave many mathematical Avadhanam, ''Avadhanams'' (''Ganitavadhanams''), educated people and surprised the elite. Early life Lakkoju S ...

(1907–1998) *

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (; ) (19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995) was an Indian-American theoretical physicist who spent his professional life in the United States. He shared the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics with William A. Fowler for " ...

(1910–1995) *

S. S. Shrikhande Sharadchandra Shankar Shrikhande (19 October 1917 – 21 April 2020) was an Indian mathematician with notable achievements in combinatorial mathematics. He was notable for his breakthrough work along with R. C. Bose and E. T. Parker in their dis ...

(1917–2020) * Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya (1918–2010) * Anil Kumar Gain (1919–1978) * Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao (born 1920) *

Harish-Chandra Harish-Chandra FRS (11 October 1923 – 16 October 1983) was an Indian American mathematician and physicist who did fundamental work in representation theory, especially harmonic analysis on semisimple Lie groups. Early life Harish-Chandr ...

(1923–1983) * P. K. Srinivasan (1924–2005) *

C. S. Seshadri Conjeevaram Srirangachari Seshadri (29 February 1932 – 17 July 2020) was an Indian mathematician. He was the founder and director-emeritus of the Chennai Mathematical Institute, and is known for his work in algebraic geometry. The Seshadri ...

(1932–2020) * M. S. Narasimhan (1932–2021) *

Srinivasacharya Raghavan Srinivasacharya Raghavan is an Indian mathematician. He was born on 11 April 1934. He works in number theory. He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology in Mathematical Science in 1979 He is also a Fellow of th ...

(born 1934) *

K. S. S. Nambooripad K. S. S. Nambooripad (6 April 1935 – 4 January 2020) was an Indian mathematician who has made fundamental contributions to the structure theory of regular semigroups. Nambooripad was also instrumental in popularising the TeX software in India ...

(1935–2020) * Ramaiyengar Sridharan (born 1935) *

Vinod Johri Vinod Johri (10 June 1935 – 10 May 2014) was an Indian astrophysicist. He was an eminent cosmologist, a retired professor of astrophysics at Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and an emeritus professor at Lucknow University since 1 ...

(1935–2014) * K. R. Parthasarathy (born 1936) *

S. N. Seshadri Sekharipuram Narayaniyer Seshadri (1937–1986) was an Indian control engineer and the head of the Reactor Control Division of the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre. He established the control systems for the Satellite Receiving Station at Arvi, near ...

(1937–1986) * Ramdas L. Bhirud (1937–1997) *

S. Ramanan Sundararaman Ramanan (born 20 July 1937) is an Indian mathematician who works in the area of algebraic geometry, moduli spaces and Lie groups. He is one of India's leading mathematicians and recognised as an expert in algebraic geometry, esp ...

(born 1937) *

Pranab K. Sen Pranab Kumar Sen (born 7 November 1937 in Calcutta, India)Curriculum vitae
, retriev ...

(born 1937) * Veeravalli S. Varadarajan (1937–2019) * Jayanta Kumar Ghosh (1937–2017) *

C. P. Ramanujam Chakravarthi Padmanabhan Ramanujam (9 January 1938 – 27 October 1974) was an Indian mathematician who worked in the fields of number theory and algebraic geometry. He was elected a fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences in 1973. Like his n ...

(1938–1974) * V. N. Bhat (1938–2009) *

S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan Sathamangalam Ranga Iyengar Srinivasa Varadhan FRS (born 2 January 1940) is an Indian American mathematician, widely recognised as one of the most influential mathematicians of the 20th century. He is known for his fundamental contributions to ...

(born 1940) * M. S. Raghunathan (born 1941) * Vashishtha Narayan Singh (1942–2019) *

C. R. Rao Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao FRS (born 10 September 1920), commonly known as C. R. Rao, is an Indian-American mathematician and statistician. He is currently professor emeritus at Pennsylvania State University and Research Professor at the ...

(born 1920) *

S. B. Rao Siddani Bhaskara Rao is a graph theorist, Professor Emeritus, and director of the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in Calcutta. Rao is the first director of the CR Rao Advanced Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science. S. B. ...

(born 1943) *

Phoolan Prasad Phoolan Prasad (born 1 January 1944) is an Indian mathematician who specialised in Partial differential equations, fluid mechanics. He was awarded in 1983 the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science award i ...

(born 1944) *

Gopal Prasad Gopal Prasad (born 31 July 1945 in Ghazipur, India) is an Indian-American mathematician. His research interests span the fields of Lie groups, their discrete subgroups, algebraic groups, arithmetic groups, geometry of locally symmetric space ...

(born 1945) *

Vijay Kumar Patodi Vijay Kumar Patodi (12 March 1945 – 21 December 1976) was an Indian mathematician who made fundamental contributions to differential geometry and topology. He was the first mathematician to apply heat equation methods to the proof of the ind ...

(1945–1976) *

S. G. Dani Shrikrishna Gopalrao Dani is a professor of mathematics at the Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, Mumbai who works in the broad area of ergodic theory. Education He did a master's degree from the University of Mumbai in 1969. He then jo ...

(born 1947) * Raman Parimala (born 1948) * Singhi Navin M. (born 1949) *

Sujatha Ramdorai Sujatha Ramdorai (born 1962) is an algebraic number theorist known for her work on Iwasawa theory. She is a professor of mathematics and Canada Research Chair at University of British Columbia, Canada. She was previously a professor at Tata ...

* R. Balasubramanian (born 1951) *

M. Ram Murty Maruti Ram Pedaprolu Murty, FRSC (born 16 October 1953 in Guntur, India) is an Indo-Canadian mathematician at Queen's University, where he holds a Queen's Research Chair in mathematics. Biography M. Ram Murty is the brother of mathematician ...

(born 1953) * Alok Bhargava (born 1954) * Rattan Chand (born 1955) * V. Kumar Murty (born 1956) *

Rajendra Bhatia Rajendra Bhatia (born 1952) is an Indian mathematician, author, and educator. He is currently a professor of mathematics at Ashoka University located in Sonipat, Haryana ,India. Education He studied at the University of Delhi, where he comp ...

(born 1952) *

Narendra Karmarkar Narendra Krishna Karmarkar (born Circa 1956) is an Indian Mathematician. Karmarkar developed Karmarkar's algorithm. He is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher. He invented one of the first provably polynomial time algorithms for linear pro ...

(born 1957) *

Dipendra Prasad Dipendra Prasad (born 1960) is an Indian mathematician. He is a professor of mathematics at the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. He is a number theorist known for his work in the areas of automorphic representations and the Gan–Gross ...

(born 1960) *

Dinesh Thakur Dinesh Thakur (1947 – 20 September 2012) was an Indian theatre director, actor in theatre, television and Hindi film, where most notably he appeared as one of the leads in ''Rajnigandha'' 1974 and directed by Basu Chatterjee, which won both Fi ...

(born 1961) * Manindra Agrawal (born 1966) * Madhu Sudan (born 1966) * Suresh Venapally (born 1966) * Chandrashekhar Khare (born 1968) *

U. S. R. Murty Uppaluri Siva Ramachandra Murty,list of South Asian namesof computer scientists. Accessed on 2010-01-01. or U. S. R. Murty (as he prefers to write his name), is a Professor Emeritus of the Department of Combinatorics and Optimization, University o ...

* Ramji Lal (born 1945) *

L. Mahadevan Lakshminarayanan Mahadevan FRS is a scientist of Indian origin, and is currently the Lola England de Valpine Professor of Applied Mathematics, Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Physics at Harvard University. His work centers around und ...

Kapil Hari Paranjape Kapil Hari Paranjape is an Indian mathematician specializing in algebraic geometry. He is a Professor of Mathematics at the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali. Biography He was born in Mumbai, Maharashtra near the Kabo ...

Vijay Vazirani Vijay Virkumar Vazirani ( hi, विजय वीरकुमार वज़ीरानी; b. 1957) is an Indian American distinguished professor of computer science in the Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences at the Universi ...

(born 1957) *

Umesh Vazirani Umesh Virkumar Vazirani is an Indian-American academic who is the Roger A. Strauch Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of California, Berkeley, and the director of the Berkeley Quantum Computation Center. Hi ...

* Mahan Mj (born 1968) *

Santosh Vempala Santosh Vempala (born 18 October 1971) is a prominent computer scientist. He is a Distinguished Professor of Computer Science at the Georgia Institute of Technology. His main work has been in the area of Theoretical Computer Science. Biography ...

(born 1971) * Kannan Soundararajan (born 1973) *

Kiran Kedlaya Kiran Sridhara Kedlaya (; born July 1974) is an Indian American mathematician. He currently is a Professor of Mathematics and the Stefan E. Warschawski Chair in Mathematics at the University of California, San Diego. Biography Kiran Kedlaya was ...

(born 1974) *

Manjul Bhargava Manjul Bhargava (born 8 August 1974) is a Canadian-American mathematician. He is the Brandon Fradd, Class of 1983, Professor of Mathematics at Princeton University, the Stieltjes Professor of Number Theory at Leiden University, and also holds A ...

(born 1974) * M.P.Chaudhary (born 1975) *

Ritabrata Munshi Ritabrata Munshi (born 14 September 1976 in Calcutta (Kolkata), West Bengal) is an Indian mathematician specialising in number theory. He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science award in India ...

(born 1976) *

Amit Garg Dr Amit Garg is an Indian mathematician and mental calculator. He currently works as founder and Chief Scientist at ORMAE, a firm registered in USA, UAE & India which engages in building innovative products, consulting and training in Operatio ...

(born 1978) * Subhash Khot (born 1978) *

Sourav Chatterjee Sourav Chatterjee (born November 1979) is an Indian mathematician, specializing in mathematical statistics and probability theory. Chatterjee is credited with work on the study of fluctuations in random structures, concentration and super-conce ...

(born 1979) *

Akshay Venkatesh Akshay Venkatesh (born 21 November 1981) is an Australian mathematician and a professor (since 15 August 2018) at the School of Mathematics at the Institute for Advanced Study. His research interests are in the fields of counting, equidistri ...

(born 1981) *

Sucharit Sarkar Sucharit Sarkar (born 1983) is an Indian topologist and professor of mathematics at the University of California, Los Angeles who works in low-dimensional topology. Education and career Sarkar attended secondary school at South Point High School ...

(born 1983) *

Neena Gupta Neena Gupta (born 4 June 1959) is an Indian actress and television director who works in Hindi films and television. Known for her work in both art-house and commercial films, she won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for pl ...

(born 1984) *

Nayandeep Deka Baruah Nayandeep Deka Baruah (born 1972) is an Indian mathematician and at present professor in the Department of Mathematical Sciences at Tezpur University, India. He is known for his work related to the mathematics of Ramanujan, in particular he ...

(born 1972) *

Anand Kumar Anand Kumar (born 1 January 1973) is an Indian Mathematics educator best known for his Super 30 programme, which he started in Patna, Bihar in 2002, known for coaching underprivileged students for JEE- Main & JEE-Advanced, the entrance exam ...

(born 1973) *

External links

Famous Indian Mathematicians
{{Indian mathematics **

Indian mathematicians chronology of Indian mathematicians spans from the Indus Valley civilisation and the Vedas to Modern India. Indian mathematicians have made a number of contributions to mathematics that have significantly influenced scientists and mathematicians ...

mathematicians A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, mathematical structure, structure, space, Mathematica ...