The following is an incomplete list of Castilian Battles fought by the

Kingdom of Castile The Kingdom of Castile (; es, Reino de Castilla, la, Regnum Castellae) was a large and powerful state on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. Its name comes from the host of castles constructed in the region. It began in the 9th cent ...

, organized by date. The list is not exhaustive.

13th Century

* 1212 -

Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, known in Islamic history as the Battle of Al-Uqab ( ar, معركة العقاب), took place on 16 July 1212 and was an important turning point in the ''Reconquista'' and the medieval history of Spain. The Chris ...

- Perhaps most famous battle of the

Reconquista The ' (Spanish, Portuguese and Galician for "reconquest") is a historiographical construction describing the 781-year period in the history of the Iberian Peninsula between the Umayyad conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of the Nasrid ...

, fought between the Almohad Caliphate commanded by

Muhammad al-Nasir Muhammad al-Nasir (,'' al-Nāṣir li-dīn Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Manṣūr'', – 1213) was the fourth Almohad Caliph from 1199 until his death. Évariste Lévi-Provençalal-Nāṣir Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill Online, 2013 ...

and the Catholic kingdoms (Castile,

Crown of Aragon The Crown of Aragon ( , ) an, Corona d'Aragón ; ca, Corona d'Aragó, , , ; es, Corona de Aragón ; la, Corona Aragonum . was a composite monarchy ruled by one king, originated by the dynastic union of the Kingdom of Aragon and the County of ...

, Kingdom of Portugal, Kingdom of Navarre,

Kingdom of France The Kingdom of France ( fro, Reaume de France; frm, Royaulme de France; french: link=yes, Royaume de France) is the historiographical name or umbrella term given to various political entities of France in the medieval and early modern period ...

, Kingdom of León), Christian victory. * 1225 - Siege of Jaén - Siege of the town of Jaén controlled by the Tarifa of Jayyān by the Kingdom of Castile under

Ferdinand III of Castile Ferdinand III ( es, Fernando, link=no; 1199/120130 May 1252), called the Saint (''el Santo''), was King of Castile from 1217 and King of León from 1230 as well as King of Galicia from 1231. He was the son of Alfonso IX of León and Berenguel ...

. Muslim forces were commanded by the Christian, Álvaro Pérez de Castro el Castellano, Castilian victory. * 1230 - Siege of Jaén - Siege of the town of Jaén controlled by the Tarifa of Jayyān by the Kingdom of Castile under Ferdinand III of Castile. Castilian forces called off the siege upon the death of Ferdinand's father,

Alfonso IX of León Alfonso IX (15 August 117123 or 24 September 1230) was King of León and Galicia from the death of his father Ferdinand II in 1188 until his own death. He took steps towards modernizing and democratizing his dominion and founded the Universit ...

, draw. * 1231 - Battle of Jerez - Fought between the Kingdom of Castile under

and Ibn Hud, King of the

Taifa of Murcia The Taifa of Murcia () was an Arab '' taifa'' of medieval Al-Andalus, in what is now southern Spain. It became independent as a ''taifa'' centered on the Moorish city of Murcia after the fall of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (11th centur ...

, Castilian-Leonese victory. * 1245-46 - Siege of Jaén - Siege of the town of Jaén controlled by the Emirate of Granada by the Kingdom of Castile under Ferdinand III of Castile and

Paio Peres Correia D. Paio Peres Correia was a Portuguese warrior who played an important role in the thirteenth-century Reconquista. He was born c. 1205, in Monte de Fralães, a civil parish in the municipality of Barcelos. He went to Uclés, then the seat of t ...

, master of the

Order of Santiago The Order of Santiago (; es, Orden de Santiago ), is a religious and military order founded in the 12th century. It owes its name to the Patron Saint of Spain, "Santiago" (St. James the Greater). Its initial objective was to protect the pilgri ...

, Castilian victory. * 1278 - Battle of Algeciras - Naval battle between the combined fleets of the Marinid dynasty and the

Emirate of Granada ) , common_languages = Official language: Classical ArabicOther languages: Andalusi Arabic, Mozarabic, Berber, Ladino , capital = Granada , religion = Majority religion: Sunni IslamMinority religions: Ro ...

under

Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr () (died 13 May 1307) was a Marinid ruler of Morocco. He was the son of Abu Yusuf Ya'qub, whom he succeeded in 1286. His mother was a sharifa, Lalla Oum'el'Iz bint Mohammed al-Alaoui. He was assassinated in 1307. ...

against that of Castile under

Pedro Martínez de Fe Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for ''Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter. The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, meaning ...

, Marinid victory. * 1278 - Siege of Algeciras - Siege of Algeciras by the Kingdom of Castile and the

Order of Santa María de España The Order of Saint Mary of Spain (Spanish: Orden de Santa María de España), also known as the Order of the Star, was a Spanish military order concentrating in naval activity created by Alfonso X of Castile, King of León and Castile in 1270. ...

, disastrous defeat for Castile. * 1284 - Siege of Albarracín - In an effort to eliminate political rivals supporting the claims of the Infantes de la Cerda to the Castilian throne, Castile agreed with Peter III of Aragon to eliminate the renegade Juan Núñez I de Lara, Aragonese victory.

14th Century

* 1309 - Siege of Algeciras - Castilian forces under

Ferdinand IV of Castile Ferdinand IV of Castile (6 December 1285 – 7 September 1312) called the Summoned (''el Emplazado''), was King of Castile and León from 1295 until his death. His upbringing and the custody of his person were entrusted to his mother, Queen M ...

take the Muslim stronghold of

Algeciras Algeciras ( , ) is a municipality of Spain belonging to the province of Cádiz, Andalusia. Located in the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula, near the Strait of Gibraltar, it is the largest city on the Bay of Gibraltar ( es, Bahía de Algeci ...

from the

under Abu'l-Juyush Nasr and Muhammad III, Castilian victory. * 1319 - Battle of La Vega de Granada - Battle fought between the Kingdom of Castile and the Emirate of Granada, Granadan victory. * 1330 -

Battle of Teba The Battle of Teba took place in August 1330, in the valley below the fortress of Teba, now a town in the province of Málaga in Andalusia, southern Spain. The encounter occurred during the frontier campaign waged between 1327 and 1333 by Alfons ...

- Battle fought between the Kingdom of Castile under Alfonso XI of Castile and the Emirate of Granada under Muhammad IV, Castilian victory. * 1336 - Battle of Villanueva de Barcarrota - Fought between the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Portugal, Castilian victory. * 1342-44 - Siege of Algeciras - Decisive victory for the forces of Alfonso XI of Castile against the Kingdom of Fez and

under

Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Othman Abu Al-Hasan 'Ali ibn 'Othman (c. 1297 – 24 May 1351), () was a sultan of the Marinid dynasty who reigned in Morocco between 1331 and 1348. In 1333 he captured Gibraltar from the Castilians, although a later attempt to take Tarifa in 1339 en ...

and

Yusuf Yusuf ( ar, يوسف ') is a male name of Arabic origin meaning "God increases" (in piety, power and influence).From the Hebrew יהוה להוסיף ''YHWH Lhosif'' meaning "YHWH will increase/add". It is the Arabic equivalent of the Hebrew name ...

, Castilian victory. * 1359 - Battle of Araviana - Battle between Castile, commanded by Juan Fernández de Henestrosa who was killed in the battle, and the Kingdom of Aragon, allied with the

House of Trastámara The House of Trastámara ( Spanish, Aragonese and Catalan: Casa de Trastámara) was a royal dynasty which first ruled in the Crown of Castile and then expanded to the Crown of Aragon in the late middle ages to the early modern period. They were ...

and the exiled Castilian nobles commanded by Henry of Trastámara, Aragonese victory. * 21 December 1361 - Battle of Linuesa - Battle fought between Castile, with its allies, the

Kingdom of Jaén The Kingdom of Jaén ( es, reino de Jaén) was a territorial jurisdiction of the Crown of Castile since 1246 and until Javier de Burgos' provincial division of Spain in 1833. This was a "kingdom" () in the second sense given by the : the Crown ...

and the Kingdom of Granada. Castilian forces commanded by Diego García de Padilla and Granada by Muhammed II of Granada, Castilian victory. * 15 January 1362 - Battle of Guadix - Battle between the Kingdom of Granada and Castile. Granadan victory. * 3 April 1367 -

Battle of Nájera The Battle of Nájera, also known as the Battle of Navarrete, was fought on 3 April 1367 to the northeast of Nájera, in the province of La Rioja, Castile. It was an episode of the first Castilian Civil War which confronted King Peter of Casti ...

- Battle fought between the supporters of

Henry II of Castile Henry II (13 January 1334 – 29 May 1379), called Henry of Trastámara or the Fratricidal (''el Fratricida''), was the first King of Castile and León from the House of Trastámara. He became king in 1369 by defeating his half-brother Peter th ...

, together with his ally, the Kingdom of France, against the supporters of

Peter of Castile Peter ( es, Pedro; 30 August 133423 March 1369), called the Cruel () or the Just (), was King of Castile and León from 1350 to 1369. Peter was the last ruler of the main branch of the House of Ivrea. He was excommunicated by Pope Urban V for ...

and his allies; Gascony,

Kingdom of England The Kingdom of England (, ) was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from 12 July 927, when it emerged from various History of Anglo-Saxon England, Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, until 1 May 1707, when it united with Kingdom of Scotland, ...

, the

Duchy of Aquitaine The Duchy of Aquitaine ( oc, Ducat d'Aquitània, ; french: Duché d'Aquitaine, ) was a historical fiefdom in western, central, and southern areas of present-day France to the south of the river Loire, although its extent, as well as its name, fluc ...

, and the Kingdom of Mallorca, victory for Peter of Castile. * 14 March 1369 - Battle of Montiel - Battle fought between the forces of

, together with its ally the

Kingdom of Granada ) , common_languages = Official language:Classical ArabicOther languages: Andalusi Arabic, Mozarabic, Berber, Ladino , capital = Granada , religion = Majority religion:Sunni IslamMinority religions:Roman ...

, against the Kingdom of France and the forces of

, Franco-Castilian victory. * 1369 - Siege of Algeciras - Siege of the Castilian controlled fortress of Algeciras by the forces of the

under

Muhammed V Abu Abdallah Muhammad V () (4 January 1339 – 16 January 1391), known by the regnal name al-Ghani bi'llah ( ar, الغني بالله, al-Ghanī bi-ʾllāh, He who is contented with God), was the eighth Nasrid ruler of the Emirate of Granada i ...

, Granadan victory. * 1372 -

Battle of La Rochelle The Battle of La Rochelle was a naval battle fought on 22 and 23 June 1372 between a Castilian fleet commanded by the Castilian Ambrosio Boccanegra and an English fleet commanded by John Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke. The Castilian fleet h ...

- Battle fought between the Kingdom of Castile supported by the

commanded by Ambrosio Boccanegra against the

commanded by John Hastings, the Earl of Pembroke, Castilian victory. * 1385 -

Battle of Aljubarrota The Battle of Aljubarrota (; see Aljubarrota) was fought between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Crown of Castile on 14 August 1385. Forces commanded by King John I of Portugal and his general Nuno Álvares Pereira, with the support of Engli ...

- Battle fought between the Kingdom of Portugal, allied with the

against Castile which was allied with the

and the Kingdom of Aragon, Portuguese victory.

15th Century

* 1406 - Battle of Collejares - Battle fought between the Kingdom of Castile, under

Henry III of Castile Henry III of Castile (4 October 1379 – 25 December 1406), called the Suffering due to his ill health (, ), was the son of John I and Eleanor of Aragon. He succeeded his father as King of Castile in 1390. Birth and education Henry was bor ...

and the Kingdom of Granada under Muhammed VII, Castilian victory. * 1407 - Battle of Gibraltar - Naval battle fought between Castile, under Juan Enríquez, Bishop of Lugo and the Kingdom of Granada, Castilian-Leonese victory. * 1431 - Battle of La Higueruela - Battle fought between Castile and the

Nasrid Dynasty The Nasrid dynasty ( ar, بنو نصر ''banū Naṣr'' or ''banū al-Aḥmar''; Spanish: ''Nazarí'') was the last Muslim dynasty in the Iberian Peninsula, ruling the Emirate of Granada from 1230 until 1492. Its members claimed to be of Arab ...

, commanded by Muhammed IX, Castilian victory. * 1452 -

Battle of Los Alporchones The Battle of Los Alporchones was a battle of the Spanish Reconquista that took place on 17 March 1452. The battle was fought between the troops of the Emirate of Granada and the combined forces of the Kingdom of Castile and its client kingdo ...

- Battle fought between Castile, allied with the

Kingdom of Murcia After roughly two decades as a protectorate of the Crown of Castile, the territory of the Taifa of Murcia became the Kingdom of Murcia ( es, Reino de Murcia, links=no, a territorial jurisdiction of the Crown of Castile) in the wake of its conque ...

, commanded by Alonso Fajardo el Bravo and the Emirate of Granada under Malik ibn al-Abbas, Castilian victory. * 1 March 1476 -

Battle of Toro The Battle of Toro was part of the War of the Castilian Succession, fought on 1 March 1476, near the city of Toro, between the Castilian-Aragonese troops of the Catholic Monarchs and the Portuguese-Castilian forces of Afonso V and Prince John ...

- Battle fought between the Castilians Juanistas, supported by

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...

and the Castilians Isabelistas, supported by the Kingdom of Aragon, inconclusive with both sides claiming victory.

16th Century

* 1521–24- Siege of Fuenterrabía - Battle fought between the Kingdom of Castile and Aragon against the Kingdoms of France and Navarre, Castilian victory. * 1580-

Battle of Alcântara (1580) The Battle of Alcântara took place on 25 August 1580, near the brook of Alcântara, in the vicinity of Lisbon, Portugal, and was a victory of the Habsburg King Philip II over the other pretender to the Portuguese throne, Dom António, Prior o ...

-Battle fought between the Kingdoms of Castile and Aragon against the Kingdom of Portugal, that ended with the annexation of Portugal by Philip II of Spain.

Notes

References

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13th Century

14th Century

15th Century

16th Century

Notes

References

See also

External links