List of African-American officeholders during the Reconstruction
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More than 1,500 African American officeholders served during the Reconstruction era (1865–1877) after passage of the
Reconstruction Acts The Reconstruction Acts, or the Military Reconstruction Acts, (March 2, 1867, 14 Stat. 428-430, c.153; March 23, 1867, 15 Stat. 2-5, c.6; July 19, 1867, 15 Stat. 14-16, c.30; and March 11, 1868, 15 Stat. 41, c.25) were four statutes passed duri ...
in 1867 and 1868 as well as in the years after Reconstruction before
white supremacy White supremacy or white supremacism is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races and thus should dominate them. The belief favors the maintenance and defense of any power and privilege held by white people. White s ...
, disenfranchisement, and the
Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to: *Democratic Party (United States) Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to: Active parties Africa *Botswana Democratic Party *Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea *Gabonese Democratic Party *Demo ...
fully reasserted control in Southern states. Historian Canter Brown, Jr. noted that in some states, such as
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...
, the highest number of African Americans were elected or appointed to offices after 1877 and the end of Reconstruction. The following is a partial list some of the most notable of the officeholders pre–1900.


U.S. Senate

*
Hiram Rhodes Revels Hiram Rhodes Revels (September 27, 1827Different sources list his birth year as either 1827 or 1822. – January 16, 1901) was an American Republican politician, minister in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, and a college administrator. B ...
( R), Senator from Mississippi (1870-1871) *
Blanche Bruce Blanche Kelso Bruce (March 1, 1841March 17, 1898) was born into slavery in Prince Edward County, Virginia, and went on to become a politician who represented Mississippi as a Republican in the United States Senate from 1875 to 1881. He was ...
(R), Senator from Mississippi (1875-1881) *
P. B. S. Pinchback Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback (May 10, 1837 – December 21, 1921) was an American publisher, politician, and Union Army officer. Pinchback was the second African American (after Oscar Dunn) to serve as governor and lieutenant governor of a ...
was elected to the U.S. Senate by the Louisiana legislature in 1873, but the Senate refused to seat him.


U.S. House


Alabama


State Senate

*
Alexander H. Curtis Alexander H. Curtis (1829 - July 20, 1878) was a state legislator in the Alabama House of Representatives and the Alabama Senate during the Reconstruction era. Early life Curtis was born 1829, a slave, in Raleigh, North Carolina on E. Haywoo ...
- Perry County 1872-1874 * James K. Greene - Hale County * Jeremiah Haralson - Dallas County * John W. Jones - Lowndes County * Lloyd Leftwich - Greene County * Benjamin F. Royal Bullock County (1868-1876) * D. J. Daniels


1868 Legislature

From 1868 to 1878 more than 100 African Americans served in the Alabama Legislature.


House

*
Benjamin F. Alexander Benjamin F. Alexander was a delegate to Alabama's 1867 Constitutional Convention and a state representative for Greene County, Alabama during the Reconstruction era. He lived in Eutaw. See also *List of African-American officeholders during R ...
representing Greene County * James H. Alston representing Macon County *Matt Avery representing Perry County *
Samuel Blandon Samuel ''Šəmūʾēl'', Tiberian: ''Šămūʾēl''; ar, شموئيل or صموئيل '; el, Σαμουήλ ''Samouḗl''; la, Samūēl is a figure who, in the narratives of the Hebrew Bible, plays a key role in the transition from the bib ...
- Lee *
Nathan A. Brewington Nathan A. Brewington was a state legislator in Alabama during the Reconstruction era. He represented Lowndes County, Alabama, Lowndes County from 1868 until 1870. He was prosperous. References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brewington, Nathan Members of the ...
- Lowndes *Richard Burke - Sumter *
John Carraway John Carraway (1834 - 1871) was a tailor, seaman, civil rights activist, and politician in the United States. In Alabama during the Reconstruction era, he served as a delegate to the 1867 Alabama Constitutional Convention. He also served on Mobi ...
- Mobile *George Cox - Montgomery *
Alexander H. Curtis Alexander H. Curtis (1829 - July 20, 1878) was a state legislator in the Alabama House of Representatives and the Alabama Senate during the Reconstruction era. Early life Curtis was born 1829, a slave, in Raleigh, North Carolina on E. Haywoo ...
- representing Perry County 1870-1872 *
Thomas Diggs Thomas H. Digges (died June 6, 1887) was a state representative during the Reconstruction era in Alabama. He represented Barbour County. He worked as a field hand. See also *List of African-American officeholders during Reconstruction More t ...
- Barbour * Joseph Drawn - Dallas *
Ovide Gregory Ovide Gregory, sometimes written as Ovid Gregory, (d. September 2, 1869) was a politician in Alabama during the Reconstruction era. A Creole, he was multilingual and freeborn. He served in the Alabama House of Representatives. There was open h ...
- Mobile * James K. Greene - Hale *D. H. Hill - Bullock *George Houston - Sumter * Benjamin Inge - Sumter * Columbus Jones - Madison * Edward R. Rose - Marengo * Shandy W. Jones - Tuscaloosa * Horace King - Russell *Thomas Lee - Perry * Greene S. W. Lewis - Perry *
Jefferson McCalley Jefferson may refer to: Names * Jefferson (surname) * Jefferson (given name) People * Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), third president of the United States * Jefferson (footballer, born 1970), full name Jefferson Tomaz de Souza, Brazilian footb ...
- Madison *A. G. Richardson - Wilcox * Lawrence S. Speed - Bullock *W. L. Taylor - Chambers * Holland Thompson - Montgomery *
William V. Turner William V. Turner was a state representative in Alabama during the Reconstruction era. He testified about intimidation and balloting issues in 1871. He represented Elmore County. He campaigned for U.S. Senator George E. Spencer and was accused of ...
- Elmore * Spencer Weaver - Dallas *
L. J. Williams Lazarus "Laddie" J. Williams, sometimes spelled "Latty", (1844 – June 1874) was a registrar in 1866 and served in the Alabama House of Representatives during the Reconstruction era in Alabama. He was also a Montgomery city council member for th ...
- Montgomery *Henry Young - Lowndes


1870 legislature


House

* George W. Braxdell - Talladega *Thomas Clark - Barbour * Henry A. Cochran - Dallas * Henry H. Craig - Montgomery *
Alexander H. Curtis Alexander H. Curtis (1829 - July 20, 1878) was a state legislator in the Alabama House of Representatives and the Alabama Senate during the Reconstruction era. Early life Curtis was born 1829, a slave, in Raleigh, North Carolina on E. Haywoo ...
- Perry *
Thomas H. Diggs Thomas H. Digges (died June 6, 1887) was a state representative during the Reconstruction era in Alabama. He represented Barbour County. He worked as a field hand. See also *List of African-American officeholders during Reconstruction More t ...
- Barbour *
John Dozier John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second ...
- Perry * William D. Gaskin - Lowndes * Edward Gee - Dallas * James K. Greene - Hale * Jere Haralson - Dallas * Horace King - Russell *R. L. Johnson - Dallas * Henry St. Clair - Macon * Lawrence Speed - Bullock *Holland Thompson - Montgomery * Mansfield Tyler - Lowndes * Levie Wells - Marengo *L. J. Williams - Montgomery


1872 Legislature


Senate

* D. J. Daniels * Benjamin Royal * Jeremiah Haralson *
Alexander H. Curtis Alexander H. Curtis (1829 - July 20, 1878) was a state legislator in the Alabama House of Representatives and the Alabama Senate during the Reconstruction era. Early life Curtis was born 1829, a slave, in Raleigh, North Carolina on E. Haywoo ...
* Lloyd Leftwich


House

*William E. Carson - Lowndes *Thomas J. Clarke - Barbour *Henry A. Cochran - Dallas *
Mentor Dotson Mentor Dotson (–?), was an American politician, teacher, minister, and storekeeper. He was a state legislator and represented Sumter County, Alabama in the Alabama House of Representatives from 1872–1874. He also went by the names Minter Dotso ...
- Sumter *
John Dozier John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second ...
- Perry * Hales Ellsworth - Montgomery * Samuel Fantroy - Barbour *
Joseph H. Goldsby Joseph is a common male given name, derived from the Hebrew Yosef (יוֹסֵף). "Joseph" is used, along with "Josef", mostly in English, French and partially German languages. This spelling is also found as a variant in the languages of the mo ...
- Dallas * James K. Greene - Hale *R. L. Johnson - Dallas *
Reuben Jones Reuben (Ben) Jones (born 19 October 1932 in Newport, Shropshire, England; died 3 January 1990 in Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire) was an Olympic equestrian rider who competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo and the 1968 Summer ...
- Madison * Greene S. W. Lewis - Perry * Perry Matthews - Bullock * January Maull - Lowndes * Willis Merriwether - Wilcox *G. R. Millen - Russell *George Patterson - Macon *Samuel J. Patterson - Autauga *Robert Reed - Sumter * Bristo W. Reese - Hale * Lawrence S. Speed - Bullock * Henry St. Clair - Macon * Lawson Steele - Montgomery *William Taylor - Sumter *B. R. Thomas - Marengo *
Frank H. Threatt Frank H. Threatt (died October 8, 1931) was a Methodist minister, politician, and public office holder in Alabama. He served in the Alabama legislature from 1872 to 1874 representing Marengo County and was a congressional candidate from the First ...
- Marengo *J. R. Treadwell - Russell *Thomas H. Walker - Dallas *A. E. Williams - Barbour *L. J. Williams - Montgomery


1874 Legislature


House

*G. W. Allen - Bullock * Elijah Baldwin - Wilcox * Granville Bennett - Sumter * William H. Blevins - Dallas * James Bliss - Sumter *Matthew Boyd - Perry * Hershel V. Cashin - Montgomery *Elijah Cook - Montgomery *D. J. Daniels - Russell *Charles Fagan - Montgomery * Adam Gachet - Barbour *
Prince Gardner Prince Gardner was a state legislator in Alabama. He served in the Alabama House of Representatives in 1874 until he was unseated. In 1872 he was documented as a teacher in Barbour County. He was a leader of the African Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E. ...
- Russell *William Gaskin - Lowndes *Charles E. Harris - Dallas *A. W. Johnson - Macon *Samuel Lee - Lowndes * Greene S. W. Lewis - Perry *Edwin C. Locke - Wilcox *Jacob Martin - Dallas * Perry Matthews - Bullock * Willis Merriwether - Wilcox * Edward Odum - Barbour *George Patterson - Macon * Bristo W. Reese - Hale *Robert Reid - Sumter *Charles Smith - Bullock *A. E. Williams - Barbour *J. R. Witherspoon - Perry * Manly Wynne - Hale


1876 Legislature


House

* Elijah Baldwin - Wilcox * William H. Blevins - Dallas * Hugh A. Carson - Lowndes * Hershel V. Cashin - Montgomery * Charles O. Harris - Montgomery *
Green T. Johnston Green T. Johnston was a state legislator who represented Dallas County, Alabama during the Reconstruction era. He was elected to the Alabama House of Representatives in 1876 from Dallas County. Dallas County was part of Alabama's "Black Belt" cou ...
- Dallas *Captain Gilmer - Montgomery * Greene S. W. Lewis - Perry * Nimrod Snoddy - Greene * William J. Stevens - Dallas


1878 Legislature


House

* Hugh A. Carson representing Lowndes County * George English representing Wilcox County


Other

*
William Hooper Councill William Hooper Councill (July 12, 1848 – 1909) was a former slave and the first president of Huntsville Normal School, which is today Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University in Normal, Alabama.D. W. Culp, ed., ''Twentieth Century Negro Li ...
, clerk in the Alabama legislature in 1872 and 1874


Arkansas

Between 1868 and 1893, 85 men noted as either "
Colored ''Colored'' (or ''coloured'') is a racial descriptor historically used in the United States during the Jim Crow Era to refer to an African American. In many places, it may be considered a slur, though it has taken on a special meaning in Sout ...
" or " Mulatto" served in the state legislature (House and Senate) of Arkansas. They served under the 1868 Arkansas Constitution that granted them the right to vote and hold office and then the 1874 Constitution, instituted after Democrats retook control of state government. After 1893, the next African-American to serve as a state legislator in Arkansas was in 1973.


Statewide officeholders

*
Joseph Carter Corbin Joseph Carter Corbin (March 26, 1833 – January 9, 1911) was a journalist and educator in the United States. Before the abolition of slavery, he was a journalist, teacher, and conductor on the Underground Railroad in Ohio and Kentucky. After th ...
, chief clerk of the Little Rock Post Office (1872), state superintendent of public schools (1873-1875)


1868 Arkansas Constitutional Convention

*
William Henry Grey William Henry Grey (December 22, 1829, in Washington, D.C. – November 8, 1888, in Helena, Arkansas) was a state legislator, storeowner and church leader in Arkansas. He served in various elected and public offices in the state during the Reco ...
, Arkansas Constitutional Convention (1868) * James T. White, Arkansas Constitutional Convention (1868), commissioner of public works and internal improvements (1872)


Arkansas Senate

*
James W. Mason James Worthington Mason (c. 1841 – November 1874) was a state senator, sheriff, and postmaster in Arkansas. In 1868 he was one of the first six African Americans to serve in the Arkansas House. He also served in the Arkansas Senate and was the f ...
(1871) * James T. White (1871) * Ruben B. White (1873) *
Samuel H. Holland Samuel H. Holland was a state senator in Arkansas in 1873 and, for a special session, in 1874 during the Reconstruction era. He also served as a teacher, sheriff, jailer, and principal. He taught at the Howard School, named for Oliver O. Howard, u ...
(1873, 1874) *
Richard A. Dawson Richard A. Dawson (1848 - 1906) was a lawyer and state legislator in Arkansas. He was born in Virginia and his father was a minister. Dawson studied at Oberlin College, and received his law degree from the Old University of Chicago. Dawson practic ...
(1873, 1874) *
William Henry Grey William Henry Grey (December 22, 1829, in Washington, D.C. – November 8, 1888, in Helena, Arkansas) was a state legislator, storeowner and church leader in Arkansas. He served in various elected and public offices in the state during the Reco ...
(1875) * Anthony Stanford (1877-1880) * W. H. Logan, (1887, 1889) * George Waltham Bell (1891)


Arkansas House

* Anderson Louis Rush (1868-1869) * Richard R. Samuels (1868-1869) *
William Henry Grey William Henry Grey (December 22, 1829, in Washington, D.C. – November 8, 1888, in Helena, Arkansas) was a state legislator, storeowner and church leader in Arkansas. He served in various elected and public offices in the state during the Reco ...
(1868-1870) * James T. White (1868-1870) * James M. Alexander, Arkansas House (1871), first African-American justice of the peace as well as postmaster, school trustee, and grand jury member. *
Edward A. Fulton Edward Allen Fulton (1833 - 1906) was an American newspaperman, abolitionist, postmaster, farmer, and politician. He represented Drew County, Arkansas in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1871. After being enslaved in Missouri, he became an ...
(1871) * James A. Robinson, (1871, 1874–75) * John W. Webb (1871) * John C. Rollins (1873) * John H. Johnson (1873) * Abraham H. Miller (1874-1875) *
William Murphy (Arkansas politician) William, Bill or Billy Murphy may refer to: Arts and entertainment * William B. Murphy (1908–1970), American film editor * William Murphy (actor) (1921–1989), American actor * Bill Murphy (Irish actor) (born 1963), Irish actor, writer and prod ...
(1877) * Anderson Ebberson (1877) for Jefferson County *
Barry Coleman Riders for Health is a non-governmental organization (NGO) that specialises in supplying, managing and maintaining vehicles for health-focused organisations in African countries. Motorcycles are well-suited for delivering health care in Africa, ...
1874–1875 and (1877) for
Phillips County, Arkansas Phillips County is a county located in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Arkansas, in what is known as the Arkansas Delta along the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,568. The county seat is Helena–West ...
* James Wofford (1877) for
Crittenden County, Arkansas Crittenden County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 50,902. The county seat is Marion, and the largest city is West Memphis. Located in the Arkansas Delta, Crittenden County is Ar ...
* T. H. Sawyer (1877) for Lincoln County *
Crockett Brown Crockett Brown was a state legislator in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas House of Representatives representing Lee County, Arkansas in 1877. He served from the county with Patrick T. Price. He was noted as a politician in an interview of a fo ...
(1877) for Lee County * Jacob N. Donohoo (1877, 1887, 1889, 1891) for
Phillips County, Arkansas Phillips County is a county located in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Arkansas, in what is known as the Arkansas Delta along the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,568. The county seat is Helena–West ...
* Patrick T. Price (1877) for
Lee County, Arkansas Lee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. With its eastern border formed by the Mississippi River, it is considered to be part of the Arkansas Delta. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,424. The county seat is Ma ...
* William Hines Furbush (1878) * Anderson Ebberson (1881) * William E. Gray (1881) Pulaski County 1881 * William C. Payne (1881) * Carl R. Polk (1881) * Isaac George Bailey (1885) * Joseph H. Bradford (1885) * Joseph B. Brooks (1885) * Green Hill Jones (1885 and 1889) * George W. Bell, Arkansas House (1891 and 1893) * Hugh C. Newsome (1887) * John H. Carr (1889, 1891, 1893) * Sebron Williams Dawson (1889, 1891) *
Henry A. Johnson Henry Augustus Johnson was a justice of the peace, sheriff, and state legislator in Arkansas. He represented Chicot County in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1891. He was included in a photo montage and series of profiles of African Ameri ...
(1891) * R. C. Weddington (1891) * Benjamin F. Adair (1891) * John Gray Lucas (1891) * George W. Lowe (1891) * S. L. Woolfolk (1891) * G. W. Watson (1891) * Henry N. Williams (1891) *
Henry A. Johnson Henry Augustus Johnson was a justice of the peace, sheriff, and state legislator in Arkansas. He represented Chicot County in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1891. He was included in a photo montage and series of profiles of African Ameri ...
(1891) * Peter H. Booth (1893) *
Nathan E. Edwards Nathan E. Edwards (1855 - 1908) was a state legislator in Arkansas. He represented Chicot County as a Republican for the 1893 session. He was one of at least four African Americans in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1893 along with Geo ...
(1893)


Local offices

*
Mifflin Wistar Gibbs Mifflin Wistar Gibbs (April 17, 1823 – July 11, 1915) was an American-Canadian politician, businessman, and advocate for Black rights. He became the first Black person elected to public office in British Columbia on November 16, 1866, upon win ...
,
Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the O ...
, judge, younger brother of
Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, II (September 28, 1821 – August 14, 1874) was an American Presbyterian minister who served as Secretary of State and Superintendent of Public Instruction of Florida, and along with Josiah Thomas Walls, U.S. Congres ...


Colorado


House

*
John T. Gunnell John T. Gunnell (1836 – June 26, 1902) served in the Colorado House of Representatives from 1881 to 1883 during the Third General Assembly. He has the distinction of being the first African American to serve in the Colorado Legislature. He chai ...
(1881) * Joseph H. Stuart (1895)


Local offices

* Henry O. Wagoner, clerk in the first Colorado State Legislature in 1876


Florida

*
Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, II (September 28, 1821 – August 14, 1874) was an American Presbyterian minister who served as Secretary of State and Superintendent of Public Instruction of Florida, and along with Josiah Thomas Walls, U.S. Congres ...
,
Florida Secretary of State The Secretary of State of Florida is an executive officer of the state government of the U.S. state of Florida, established since the original 1838 state constitution. Like the corresponding officials in other states, the original charge of the ...
and
Florida Secretary of Public Instruction The Florida Department of Education (FLDOE) is the state education agency of Florida. It governs public education and manages funding and testing for local educational agencies (school boards). It is headquartered in the Turlington Building (nam ...


Florida State Senate

''Senators in italics and marked * served pre 1900 but not in the 1865–1877 main reconstruction period'' * ''
Henry Wilkins Chandler Henry Wilkins Chandler (September 22, 1852 – 1938) was an American lawyer, newspaperman, politician, and federal official. Born a freeman, he was the first African American graduate from Bates College in Lewiston, Maine. He served two terms in t ...
*'' (1852-1938) – Served 1881-1887 * Harry Cruse (b. 1840/1) – Served 1869-1870 (also representative) * Frederick Hill (b.1834/5) – Served 1871-1872 (also representative) * Thomas Warren Long (1839-1917) – Served 1873-1879 * ''
Daniel C. Martin Daniel C. Martin was a state legislator in Florida. He represented Alachua County in the Florida State Senate The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida Ho ...
*'' – Served 1885-1887 * Robert Meacham (1835–1902) – Served 1868-1879 * Alfred Brown Osgood (b. 1843) – Served 1875-1876 (also representative) * Charles H. Pearce (1817–1887) – Served 1870-1884 *
Washington Pope Washington Pope (born 1826) was an American farmer, county commissioner and state legislator who served in the Florida State Senate from 1873 until 1876. Biography Pope was born in 1826 in Florida and worked as a farmer. He served as the J ...
- Served 1873-1876 * Samuel Spearing (born 1823/3) – Served 1874 * John Wallace (1842-1980) – Served 1874-1879 (also representative) * Josiah T. Walls (1842–1905) – Served 1869-1871 and 1877-1881 (also
United States congressman The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...
and state representative)


Florida House of Representatives

''Representative in italics and marked * served pre 1900 but not in the 1865–1877 main reconstruction period'' * Josiah Haynes Armstrong (1842-1898) – represented Columbia County 1871–1872 and 1875–1875 * '' Edward I. Alexander*'' (1850-1911) – represented Madison County 1877, 1879, 1885 * '' Samuel Anderson*'' – represented Duval County 1887 * Richard Horatio Black (1839-1911) – represented Alachua County 1869 and 1870 (Also soldier, teacher, Volusia County registrar, Alachua County justice of the peace, custom house position in Philadelphia) * William Bradwell (1822-1887) – represented Duval County 1868-1870 * '' Richard Lewis Brown Sr.*'' (1854-1948) – represented Duval County, Florida 1881 and 1883 * ''
Wallace B. Carr Wallace B. Carr (June 22, 1853-1931) was an American state legislator in Florida. He served in the Florida House of Representatives in 1881 and 1887. He represented Leon County. He served in the Committee in Agriculture. He was born in Leon Count ...
*'' – represented Leon County 1881 and 1887 * '' Phillip Carroll*'' (b. 1847) – represented Leon County 1881 * '' Joseph Newman Clinton*'' (1854–1927) – represented Alachua County 1881–1883 * '' George C. Coleman*'' (1851-1926) – represented Nassau County in the House in 1881 * Oliver J. Coleman (1844-1926) – represented Madison County 1871-1872 and 1874-1875. Also served in the Florida Senate in 1874, as a county commissioner, and Madison councilmanFlorida's Black Public Officials 1867 - 1924 by Canter Brown Jr., University of Alabama Press, 1998 * Singleton Coleman – represented Marion County 1873-1874 * Robert Cox (Florida politician) (b. 1827/8) – represented Leon County 1868-1870 * Harry Cruse (b. 1840/1) – represented Gadsden County 1871-1874 (also senator) * Robert H. Dennis (1846-1900) – represented Jackson County 1875 * Zebulon Elijah (1836/8-1910) – represented Escambia County 1871–1873 * Auburn Erwin – served 1868-1870 * ''
Samuel W. Frazier Samuel W. Frazier (born 1851, Georgia) was a farmer, justice of the peace and state legislator in Florida. He was elected to several terms in the Florida House of Representatives from Leon County, Florida, Leon County. He was the justice of the p ...
*'' (b. 1851) – represented Leon County 1879 and 1885-1887 * Lucien Fisher – represented Leon County 1875 * Emanuel Fortune (b. 1832) - represented Jackson County 1868-1870 * Theodore Gass – represented Alachua County, Florida 1871-1875 * '' Thomas Van Renssalaer Gibbs*'' (1855–1898) – represented Duval County 1884 – son of
Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, II (September 28, 1821 – August 14, 1874) was an American Presbyterian minister who served as Secretary of State and Superintendent of Public Instruction of Florida, and along with Josiah Thomas Walls, U.S. Congres ...
* Birch Gibson (1828-1895) – represented Marion County 1872 * Noah Graham – represented Leon County 1868-1872 * Henry Harmon (1839–1889) – represented Alachua County, Florida 1868-1870 * Frederick Hill (b.1834/5) – represented Gadsden County 1868-1870 (also senator) * Scipio Jasper (b. 1815) – represented Marion County 1872-1873 * '' Andrew Jackson Junius*'' – represented Jefferson County 1879 * Joseph H. Lee (b. 1848) – represented Duval County 1875-1876 and 6 other years later (also senator at some-point) * '' George A. Lewis*'' – represented Jacksonville County 1889 * Robert Livingston (d. 1869) – represented Leon County 1868-1869 * Ephraim Logan (b.1829/30) – represented Jefferson County 1871-1872 * Daniel McInnis (b. 1841/2) – represented Duval County 1871-1874 *
John Willis Menard John Willis Menard (April 3, 1838 – October 8, 1893) was a federal government employee, poet, newspaper publisher and politician born in Kaskaskia, Illinois to parents who were Louisiana Creoles from New Orleans. After moving to New Orleans, on ...
(1838-1893) – represented Duval County, Florida 1874 * Anthony Mills (b.1827/8) – represented Jefferson County 1868-1870 * Alfred Brown Osgood (b. 1843) – represented Madison County 1868-1874 (also senator) * John E. Proctor – represented Leon County 1873 to 1875 and 1879 to 1881 * Jesse Robinson (b.1837/8) – represented Jackson County 1870s * W. K. Robinson – represented Jackson County 1868-1870 * John R. Scott Sr. ((1840/1–1929)) – represented Duval County 1868-1873 * '' John R. Scott Jr.*'' – represented Duval County 1889-1891 * John Simpson (b.1836/7) – represented Marion County 1868-1870 *
Samuel Small Samuel Small (1826 or 1827 – October 30, 1883) was a Baptist minister and state legislator who lived in Ocala, Florida. He was one of several African Americans who served in the Florida House of Representatives representing Marion County, Flori ...
(1826/7–1883) – represented Marion County 1874-1875 * William G. Stewart – represented Leon County 1873-1874 *
Benjamin Thompson Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, FRS (german: Reichsgraf von Rumford; March 26, 1753August 21, 1814) was an American-born British physicist and inventor whose challenges to established physical theory were part of the 19th-century revolut ...
– represented Columbia County 1868-1870 * Charles Thompson (b. 1838/9) – represented Columbia County 1874-1875 *
Thomas Urquhart Sir Thomas Urquhart (1611–1660) was a Scottish aristocrat, writer, and translator. He is best known for his translation of the works of French Renaissance writer François Rabelais to English. Biography Urquhart was born to Thomas Urquhart ...
– represented Hamilton County and Suwannee County 1668 * John Wallace (1842-1980) – represented Leon County 1870-1874 (also senator) * Josiah T. Walls (1842–1905) – represented Alachua County 1868-1869 (also
United States congressman The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...
and state senator) *
George Washington George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of ...
– represented Alachua County 1874-1875 * Richard Wells (b.1830/1) – represented Leon County 1868-1872 * George Washington Witherspoon (1845-1892) – represented Jefferson County 1875-1876 * John W. Wyatt (b. 1831/2) – represented Leon County 1870-1874


Florida Local offices

* James Page (minister), Leon County commissioner


Georgia


Georgia State Senate

* Aaron Alpeoria Bradley, state senator from Chatham County *
Tunis Campbell Rev. Tunis Gulic Campbell Sr. (April 1, 1812 – December 4, 1891), called "the oldest and best known clergyman in the African Methodist Church", served as a voter registration organizer, Justice of the Peace, a delegate to the Georgia Constit ...
, State Senator from Georgia * George Wallace, State Senator from Hancock, Baldwin and Washington counties


Georgia House of Representatives

*
Eli Barnes Eli Barnes was a representative in the Georgia Assembly as a Republican Party (United States), Republican during the Reconstruction Era. A former slave who worked as a mechanic, he was African American. He was elected in 1868 and represented Ha ...
, state legislator from Hancock County * Abram Colby, state representative from Greene County * James Ward Porter, state legislator from Chatham County *
Henry McNeal Turner Henry McNeal Turner (February 1, 1834 – May 8, 1915) was an American minister, politician, and the 12th elected and consecrated bishop of the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME). After the American Civil War, he worked to establish new A.M ...
, state legislator from Bibb County * William Guilford, state legislator from Upson County *
William Henry Harrison William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States. Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, and had the shortest pres ...
, state legislator from Hancock County * Thomas M. Allen, state representative from Jasper County *
Thomas Beard Thomas Beard (died 1632) was an English clergyman and theologian, of Puritan views. He is known as the author of ''The Theatre of Gods Judgements'', and the schoolmaster of Oliver Cromwell at Huntingdon. Life He was, it is believed, a native of ...
, state representative from
Richmond County Richmond County may refer to places: Australia *Richmond County, New South Wales, a cadastral division Canada *Richmond County, Nova Scotia United Kingdom *Richmondshire, the original Richmond County in Yorkshire, England United States ...
*
Edwin Belcher Edwin Belcher (born c. 1845) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, a Freedmen Bureau official in Monroe County, Georgia after the war, and then a state senator in the Georgia Legislature representing Wilkes County, Geor ...
, state representative from Wilkes County * George H. Clower, state representative from Monroe County * Abram Colby, state representative from Greene County *
Romulus Moore Reverend Romulus Moore (January 1818 - before 1888) was a politician and leader of the early civil rights movement after the American Civil War during the Reconstruction Era in the U.S. state of Georgia. An African American, Moore was elected to ...
, state representative from Columbia County *
John T. Costin John T. Costin was a Republican Party organizer, a member of the Georgia Legislature, and a minister in Georgia, United States, during the Reconstruction Era (1863 or 1865 - 1877). Costin helped form the Republican Party of Georgia He met with U ...
, state representative from Talbot County *
Madison Davis Madison "Mat" Davis (September 27, 1833 – August 20, 1902) was a slave who became a member of the Georgia Assembly representing Clarke County, Georgia and the first African American postmaster in Athens, Georgia, after being emancipated. He w ...
, state representative from
Clarke County Clarke County may refer to: ;Places *One of five counties in the United States: **Clarke County, Alabama **Clarke County, Georgia **Clarke County, Iowa **Clarke County, Mississippi **Clarke County, Virginia Clarke County is a county in the Com ...
* Monday Floyd, state representative from Morgan County *
F. H. Fyall F. H. Fyall was a state Representative in the U.S. state of Georgia during the Reconstruction era. He was one of the Original 33 African Americans elected as legislators in Georgia. He was owned as a slave earlier in his life. His eligibility t ...
, state representative from Macon County *
Samuel Gardner Samuel Gardner (August 25, 1891, Kropyvnytskyi, Elizavetgrad – January 23, 1984) was an American composer and violinist of Russian Jewish origin. He won a Pulitzer prize with a string quartet in 1918. He was a student of Franz Kneisel and Percy ...
, state representative from
Warren County Warren County is the name of fourteen counties in the USA. Some are named after General Joseph Warren, who was killed in the Battle of Bunker Hill in the American Revolutionary War: * Warren County, Georgia * Warren County, Illinois * Warren County ...
* William A. Golden, state representative from Liberty County * Ulysses L. Houston, state representative from Bryan County * James M. Simms, state representative from Chatham County * Philip Joiner, state representative from Dougherty County * George Linder, state representative from Laurens County *
Robert Lumpkin The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...
, state representative from Macon County * Peter O'Neal, state representative from Baldwin County * Alfred Richardson, state representative from
Clarke County Clarke County may refer to: ;Places *One of five counties in the United States: **Clarke County, Alabama **Clarke County, Georgia **Clarke County, Iowa **Clarke County, Mississippi **Clarke County, Virginia Clarke County is a county in the Com ...
* Alexander Stone, state representative from Jefferson County * Abraham Smith, state representative from
Muscogee County Muscogee County is a county located on the central western border of the U.S. state of Georgia; its western border with the state of Alabama is formed by the Chattahoochee River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 206,922. Its county se ...
*
John Warren John Warren may refer to: Medicine * John Warren (surgeon) (1753–1815), American surgeon during the Revolutionary War * John Collins Warren (1778–1856), American surgeon * John Collins Warren Jr. (1842–1927), American surgeon, son of John C ...
, state representative from Burke County * Samuel Williams, state representative from Harris County * Hercules Wilson, state representative from McIntosh County (1882-1885) * Amos Rogers, state representative from McIntosh County (1878-1879) * Lectured Crawford, state representative from McIntosh County (1886-1887, 1890-1891, 1900–1901) *
Jack Heard Jack may refer to: Places * Jack, Alabama, US, an unincorporated community * Jack, Missouri, US, an unincorporated community * Jack County, Texas, a county in Texas, USA People and fictional characters * Jack (given name) Jack is a given ...
, state representative from Greene County (1873-1874) * A. Simmons, state representative from Houston County (1871-1872) *
James Blue James Blue (October 10, 1930 in Tulsa, Oklahoma – June 14, 1980 in Buffalo, New York) was a filmmaker. His most notable films were ''Les oliviers de la justice'' (literal English title ''The Olive Trees of Justice'') (1962, US), ''A Few Notes ...
, state representative from Glynn County (1871-1877) * J.A. Lewis, state representative from Stewart County (1871-1872) *
Thomas M. Butler Thomas may refer to: People * List of people with given name Thomas * Thomas (name) * Thomas (surname) * Saint Thomas (disambiguation) * Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and Doctor of the Church * Thomas the A ...
, state representative from Camden County (1878-1879) * John M. Holzendorf, state representative from Camden County (1890-1891)


Other officials

* William Finch and
George Graham George Graham (born 30 November 1944), nicknamed "Stroller", is a Scottish former Association football, football player and manager (association football), manager. In his successful playing career, he made 455 appearances in England's Football ...
, first two African Americans that were elected to serve on the Atlanta Board of Aldermen (now
Atlanta City Council The Atlanta City Council is the main municipal legislative body for the city of Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It consists of 16 members primarily elected from 12 districts within the city. The Atlanta City Government is divided into three bo ...
)


Illinois


Illinois House of Representatives

*
John W. E. Thomas John William Edinburgh Thomas ( May 1, 1847 – December 18, 1899) was an American businessman, educator, and Illinois politician. Born into slavery in Alabama, he moved to Chicago after the Civil War, where he became a prominent community leade ...
(1847–1899) – Served 1877–1879 and 1882–1886 *
George French Ecton George French Ecton (1846 – September 19, 1929) was a civil rights activist and the second African American state legislator in Illinois. He was born a slave in Winchester, Kentucky, in 1846 to Antonio Ecton and Martha George. In June 1865, a ...
(1846–1929) – Served 1888–1890 *
James E. Bish James E. Bish (October 1, 1859 - ''unknown'') was a state legislator in Illinois. He served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1895 to 1897. He wrote ''Past, Present, and the Future of the Negro''. He was born October 1, 1859, in St. F ...
(born 1859) – Served 1893–? *
John C. Buckner John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second ...
(died 1913) – Served in 41st and 42nd general assemblies * William L. Martin – *
Edward H. Morris Edward H. Morris (May 30, 1858 – February 3, 1943) was an American lawyer and state legislator in Illinois. Biography Edward H. Morris was born in Flemingsburg, Kentucky, on May 30, 1858. He graduated from St. Patrick's High School, Chicago ...
(1858–1943) – Served 1890–1892 and 1902–1904


Indiana

Indiana did not have any African American legislators during the Reconstruction era, with James S. Hinton being the first African American to serve in the Indiana state legislature 1881–1882.


Kansas

Kansas did not have any African American legislators during the Reconstruction era, with Alfred Fairfax being the first African American to serve in the Indiana state legislature 1888–1889.


Louisiana

In Louisiana, 24 African Americans served in the
Louisiana Senate The Louisiana State Senate (french: Sénat de Louisiane) is the upper house of the state legislature of Louisiana. All senators serve four-year terms and are assigned to multiple committees. Composition The Louisiana State Senate is compose ...
and more than 100 served in the Louisiana House of Representatives. In addition, six black men held statewide office in Louisiana, including the nation's first and second black acting governors. * Oscar James Dunn, acting governor of Louisiana, May - July 1871 *
P. B. S. Pinchback Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback (May 10, 1837 – December 21, 1921) was an American publisher, politician, and Union Army officer. Pinchback was the second African American (after Oscar Dunn) to serve as governor and lieutenant governor of a ...
, acting governor of Louisiana, December 1872 - January 1873 Three African Americans served as Louisiana's lieutenant governor. * Oscar James Dunn, lieutenant governor, 1868–1871, first African American elected to a state-level position in the United States *
P. B. S. Pinchback Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback (May 10, 1837 – December 21, 1921) was an American publisher, politician, and Union Army officer. Pinchback was the second African American (after Oscar Dunn) to serve as governor and lieutenant governor of a ...
, lieutenant governor, 1872 * Caesar Antoine, lieutenant governor, 1873-1877 Others served as secretary of state, state treasurer, and state superintendent of education. *
Pierre G. Deslonde Pierre George Deslondes, last name sometimes spelled Deslonde (born ), was an African-American sugar planter who served as Secretary of State of Louisiana during the Reconstruction era. He was a wealthy freeman. He served as secretary of state from ...
, secretary of state * Antoine Dubuclet, state treasurer * William G. Brown, state superintendent of education


Members of the Louisiana Senate

* Theophile T. Allain – served 1874-1880 (also representative) * Caesar Antoine – server 1868–1872 * Alexander E. Barber – served 1870-1874 *
Raiford Blunt Albert Raiford Blunt (1837 - March 19, 1905), also spelled Raiford Blount and Raford Blunt, was a Baptist minister, teacher and state legislator in Louisiana. He served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and the Louisiana Senate. Biogra ...
– served 1872-1875 (also representative) * J. Henry Burch – served 1872-1876 * Edward Butler – served 1870-1874 * Thomas Cage – served 1872-1880 (also representative) * Oscar Crozier – of Lafourche, served 1874-April 1875 *
Henry Demas Henry Demas (1848–1900) was an enslaved African American who became a constable, state legislator, civil rights activist, and organizer of Southern University in Louisiana during the Reconstruction era. Early life Demas was born into slavery o ...
– served 1876-1880 and 1884-1892 (also representative) * Emile Detiège – served 1874-1876 * Andrew Dumont – served 1874-1878 (also representative) * Alexander R. François – served 1868-1869 (murdered) * Jacques Gla – served 1872 and 1874-1880 * Robert F. Guichard – served 1884-1892 (also representative) * William Harper – served 1872-1880 * George Y. Kelso – served 1868-1876 * Pierre Caliste Landry – served 1874-1878 (also representative) * Jules A. Masicot – served 1872-1876 (also representative) * Julien J. Monette – served 1868-1870 *
P. B. S. Pinchback Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback (May 10, 1837 – December 21, 1921) was an American publisher, politician, and Union Army officer. Pinchback was the second African American (after Oscar Dunn) to serve as governor and lieutenant governor of a ...
– served 1868-1871 * Robert Poindexter – served 1868-1870 (also representative) * Curtis Pollard – served 1868-1870 and 1872-1876 * John Randall - served 1868-1869 (died in office) * Richard Simms – served 1880-1892 (also representative) * T. B. Stamps – served 1872-1880 (also representative) * Jordan R. Stewart – served 1880-1888 (also representative) * David Young – served 1874-1878 (also representative)


Members of the Louisiana House of Representatives

* Curron J. Adolphe – represented
New Orleans New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
1868-1872 * Frank Alexander (b. 1838/9) – represented
New Orleans New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
1868-1870 * Theophile T. Allain – represent 1872-1874 (also senator) * Arthur Antoine – represented St. Mary Parish 1872-1874 *
Raiford Blunt Albert Raiford Blunt (1837 - March 19, 1905), also spelled Raiford Blount and Raford Blunt, was a Baptist minister, teacher and state legislator in Louisiana. He served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and the Louisiana Senate. Biogra ...
– represented
West Baton Rouge Parish West Baton Rouge Parish (french: Paroisse de Bâton Rouge Ouest) is one of the sixty-four parishes in the U.S. state of Louisiana. Established in 1807, its parish seat is Port Allen. With a 2020 census population of 27,199 residents, West Baton ...
1870-1872 (also senator) * Thornton Butler – represented
Orleans Parish New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
Joseph Connaughton (politician) – represented
Rapides Parish Rapides Parish () (french: Paroisse des Rapides) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 131,613. The parish seat is Alexandria, which developed along the Red River of the South. ''Rapides ...
1872-1875 * Aristede Dejoie – represent
New Orleans New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
1872-1874 and 1877-1879 *
Henry Demas Henry Demas (1848–1900) was an enslaved African American who became a constable, state legislator, civil rights activist, and organizer of Southern University in Louisiana during the Reconstruction era. Early life Demas was born into slavery o ...
– represent 1870-1874 and 1879-1880 (also senator) * Andrew Dumont – represent 1872-1874 * Jean-Baptiste Esnard – represented St. Mary Parish 1868-1870 *
John Gair John Gair and the Turmoil Surrounding His Death The post-reconstruction era brought Louisiana lynching violence to full force in the early 1870s. During this era, John Gair as well as his sister became lynching targets. In 1875, John Gair was ...
– represented East Feliciana Parish 1868-1870 and 1872-1874 * Robert F. Guichard – represented St. Bernard Parish 1872-18742 (also senator) * William Harper – represented Caddo Parish 1870-1872 *
Robert Isabelle The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...
– served 1868-1870 * R. M. J. Kenner – represented
New Orleans New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
1870-1872 * Pierre Caliste Landry – served 1872-1874 and 1880-1884 (also senator) *
Charles Leroy Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was "f ...
– represented
Natchitoches Parish Natchitoches Parish (french: Paroisse des Natchitoches or ) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 39,566. The parish seat is Natchitoches. The parish was formed in 1805. The Natchito ...
1868-1870 * Joseph Mansion – served 1868-1870 * Louis A. Martinet – represented St. Mary Parish 1872-1875 * Jules A. Masicot (1868-1872) – served 1868-1872 (also senator) * Milton Morris – represented
Ascension Parish Ascension Parish (french: Paroisse de l'Ascension, es, Parroquia de Ascensión) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 126,500. Its parish seat is Donaldsonville. The parish was created ...
1868-1870 * William Murrell – represented
Lafourche Parish Lafourche Parish (french: Paroisse de la Fourche) is a parish located in the south of the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish seat is Thibodaux. The parish was formed in 1807. It was originally the northern part of Lafourche Interior Parish, whi ...
1868-1870 and 1872-1874 *
William Murrell Jr. Col. William Murrell, Jr. (c. 1845–1932) also known simply as William Murrell, was an American newspaper editor, and politician. He represented Madison Parish in the Louisiana House of Representatives from for two terms. Biography William Mu ...
– represented Madison Parish 1872-1876 and 1879-1880 * Anthony Overton, Sr. – represented
Ouachita Parish Ouachita Parish (French: ''Paroisse d'Ouachita'') is located in the northern part of the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 160,368. The parish seat is Monroe. The parish was formed in 1807. Ouachita Parish i ...
1870-1872. Father of Anthony Overton * Robert Poindexter – served 1874 - April 1875 (also senator) *
Robert R. Ray Robert R. Ray was an American soldier and politician. He served in the Union Army and as a sheriff and state legislator in Louisiana. He and John Gair were driven from office by violent white supremacists and White Leaguers. Ray was part of the S ...
– represented East Feliciana Parish 1874-1876 *
Victor Rochon Victor Rochon (March 23, 1843 - November 15, 1892) was a merchant, public official, and state legislator in Louisiana. He served in the Louisiana House of Representatives representing St. Martin Parish from 1872 to 1874 and briefly in 1875 and from ...
– represented St. Mary Parish 1872 - April 1875 and 1888-1890 * Richard Simms – represented
St. Landry Parish St. Landry Parish (french: Paroisse de Saint-Landry) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 83,384. The parish seat is Opelousas. The parish was established in 1807. St. Landry Parish co ...
1872-1874 and 1876-1878 (also senator) * T. B. Stamps – served 1870-1872 (also senator) * Jordan R. Stewart – represented
Tensas Parish Tensas Parish (french: Paroisse des Tensas) is a parish located in the northeastern section of the State of Louisiana; its eastern border is the Mississippi River. As of the 2010 census, the population was 5,252. It is the least populated paris ...
1872-1876 (also senator) * Robert J. Taylor – represented West Feliciana Parish 1868-1870 *
George Washington George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of ...
– represented
Concordia Parish Concordia Parish (french: Paroisse de Concordia) borders the Mississippi River in eastern central Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 20,822. The parish seat is Vidalia. The parish was formed in 1807. Concordia Parish is part ...
1870-1874 and 1877-1879 * W. C. Williams – represented East Feliciana Parish 1868-1870 * David Young – represented
Concordia Parish Concordia Parish (french: Paroisse de Concordia) borders the Mississippi River in eastern central Louisiana. As of the 2010 census, the population was 20,822. The parish seat is Vidalia. The parish was formed in 1807. Concordia Parish is part ...
1868-1874 and 1880-1884 (also senator)


Local offices

* Pierre Caliste Landry, mayor of Donaldsonville, the first African American mayor elected in the United States *
Thomas Morris Chester Thomas Morris Chester (May 11, 1834 – September 30, 1892) was an American war correspondent, lawyer and soldier who took part in the American Civil War. Early life and education Chester was born at the corner of Third and Market Street in Ha ...
, superintendent of school district (1875) * James Lewis, administrator of public improvements in
New Orleans New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
in 1872, appointed New Orleans naval officer in 1877 * Pierre Magloire, Avoyelles Parish Sheriff, Louisiana (1872) * Alexander Noguez, Avoyelles Parish Sheriff, Louisiana (1868–1872)


Maryland


Local offices

* William Butler, Member of the Annapolis Board of Aldermen (1873) * William H. Day, Baltimore Inspector of Schools, in 1878 he was elected to the school board of directors at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania


Massachusetts


Massachusetts House of Representatives

* Edward G. Walker, 1866 *
Charles Lewis Mitchell Charles Lewis Mitchell (November 10, 1829 – April 13, 1912) was a printer, officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and state legislator in Massachusetts. Along with Edward G. Walker, Mitchell was one of the first two African Amer ...
, 1866 *
John J. Smith John James Smith (1820 – 1906) was a barber shop owner, abolitionist, a three-term Massachusetts state representative, and one of the first African-American members of the Boston Common Council. A Republican, he served three terms in the Mas ...
, Massachusetts House, 1868, 1872 * George Lewis Ruffin, Massachusetts House, 1870 *
Lewis Hayden Lewis Hayden (December 2, 1811 – April 7, 1889) escaped slavery in Kentucky with his family and escaped to Canada. He established a school for African Americans before moving to Boston, Massachusetts to aid in the abolition movement. There h ...
, Massachusetts House, 1873 * Joshua Bowen Smith, Massachusetts House, 1873 *
George W. Lowther George W. Lowther (1822 - 1898) was a barber, state representative, and civil rights activist. He served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. The State Library of Massachusetts has a photograph of him. A Republican, he served in the sta ...
, Massachusetts House, 1878 * Julius C. Chappelle, Massachusetts House, 1883 * William O. Armstrong, Massachusetts House, 1887 * Andrew B. Lattimore, Massachusetts House, 1889 * Charles E. Harris, Massachusetts House, 1892 *
Robert T. Teamoh Robert Thomas Teamoh (March 25, 1864 - 1912) was a newspaper reporter for The Boston Globe and state legislator in Massachusetts. He was the nephew of Virginia state senator George Teamoh. Personal life Teamoh was born in Massachusetts to pa ...
, Massachusetts House, 1894 * William L. Reed, Massachusetts House, 1896


Local offices

* James Monroe Trotter, mail agent


Michigan


House

*
William Webb Ferguson William Webb Ferguson (May 22, 1857 – March 30, 1910) was the first African-American man elected to the Michigan House of Representatives. Early life Ferguson was born in Detroit, Michigan, to Joseph and Martha Ferguson. His father, Joseph ...
, 1893 * Joseph H. Dickinson, 1897


Local offices

* Samuel C. Watson, State Board of Estimates, 1875; Detroit City Council, 1875, 1883-1886


Minnesota

Minnesota did not have any African American legislators during the Reconstruction era, with John Francis Wheaton being the first African American to serve in the Minnesota state legislature as a representative 1899–1900.


Mississippi

The
Mississippi Plan The Mississippi Plan of 1875 was developed by white Southern Democrats as part of the white insurgency during the Reconstruction Era in the Southern United States. It was devised by the Democratic Party in that state to overthrow the Republican Pa ...
was part of an organized effort campaign of terror and violence the Democratic Party and Ku Klux Klan used to disenfranchise African Americans in Mississippi, block them from holding office, end Reconstruction, and restore white supremacy in the state.


U.S. Senate

Mississippi was the only U.S. state that elected African American candidates to the U.S. Senate during the Reconstruction Era: *
Hiram Rhodes Revels Hiram Rhodes Revels (September 27, 1827Different sources list his birth year as either 1827 or 1822. – January 16, 1901) was an American Republican politician, minister in the African Methodist Episcopal Church, and a college administrator. B ...
( R), Senator from Mississippi (1870-1871) *
Blanche Bruce Blanche Kelso Bruce (March 1, 1841March 17, 1898) was born into slavery in Prince Edward County, Virginia, and went on to become a politician who represented Mississippi as a Republican in the United States Senate from 1875 to 1881. He was ...
(R), Senator from Mississippi (1875-1881)


Members of the Mississippi Senate

* George W. Albright – served 1874-1879 representing Marshall County *
Peter Barnabas Barrow Peter Barnabas Barrow (died 1906) was a slave, soldier, state legislator, and minister in the United States. He served in the Mississippi Senate, and Mississippi House of Representatives 1870-1871. A photo of him is part of the Mississippi Stat ...
– served 1872-1875 (also representative) *
Countelow M. Bowles Countelow M. Bowles (born c. 1840) was a cooper, soldier, and state legislator. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives and Mississippi Senate. He was a Republican and African American. Born in about 1840 in Virginia he lived in Cle ...
– served 1872-1875 and 1877-1878 (also representative) * Charles Caldwell – served 1872-1875 *
George Washington Gayles George Washington Gayles (June 29, 1844 - March 5, 1924) was a Baptist minister and state legislator in Mississippi. He was in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1872 until 1875 and to the Mississippi Senate from 1878 until 1886. He w ...
– served 1878-1886 (also representative) * Robert Gleed – served 1870-1875 representing Lowndes County * William H. Gray – served 1870-1875 representing Washington County * Nathan Shirley – served 1874-1879 * George C. Smith – served 1874-1875 representing
Coahoma County Coahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is lo ...
*
Isham Stewart Isham Stewart, sometimes written as Isom Stewart, was a state legislator in Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives during the Reconstruction era and also served in the Mississippi Senate. He was the target of attacks f ...
– served 1874-1879 (also representative) * Thomas W. Stringer – served 1870-1871 *
Jeremiah M. P. Williams Jeremiah M. P. Williams (died June 24, 1884) was a Baptist preacher and state legislator in Mississippi. He served several terms in the Mississippi Senate during and after the Reconstruction era. He represented Adams County, Mississippi. He was o ...
– served 1870-1874 and 1878-1880


Members of the Mississippi House of Representatives

''Representative in italics served pre 1900 but not in the 1865–1877 main reconstruction period'' * '' L. K. Altwood'' – served 1880-1881 and 1884-1885 representing
Hinds County Hinds County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. With its county seats ( Raymond and the state's capital, Jackson), Hinds is the most populous county in Mississippi with a 2020 census population of 227,742 residents. Hinds Cou ...
*
Peter Barnabas Barrow Peter Barnabas Barrow (died 1906) was a slave, soldier, state legislator, and minister in the United States. He served in the Mississippi Senate, and Mississippi House of Representatives 1870-1871. A photo of him is part of the Mississippi Stat ...
– served 1871-1871 representing
Warren County Warren County is the name of fourteen counties in the USA. Some are named after General Joseph Warren, who was killed in the Battle of Bunker Hill in the American Revolutionary War: * Warren County, Georgia * Warren County, Illinois * Warren County ...
(also Senator) * '' Stephen Blackwell'' – served 1882-1889 representing Issaquena County * Jesse Freeman Boulden – served 1870-1871 representing Lowndes County *
Countelow M. Bowles Countelow M. Bowles (born c. 1840) was a cooper, soldier, and state legislator. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives and Mississippi Senate. He was a Republican and African American. Born in about 1840 in Virginia he lived in Cle ...
– served 1870-1871 representing Bolivar County (also Senator) * '' George F. Bowles'' – served 1881-1894 representing Adams County * Anderson Boyd – served 1874-1875 representing
Oktibbeha County Oktibbeha County is a county in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census the population was 51,788. The county seat is Starkville. The county's name is derived from a local Native American word meanin ...
*
George W. Boyd George W. Boyd was an American politician from Mississippi who served on the Warren County board of supervisors and represented the county in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1874 and 1875. He was noted after an October 1875 letter des ...
– served 1874-1875 representing
Warren County Warren County is the name of fourteen counties in the USA. Some are named after General Joseph Warren, who was killed in the Battle of Bunker Hill in the American Revolutionary War: * Warren County, Georgia * Warren County, Illinois * Warren County ...
* Walter Boyd – served 1874-1875 representing Yazoo County * Orange Brunt – served 1874-1875 representing Panola County * '' George William Butler'' – served 1884-1894 representing Sharkey County *
J. Wesley Caradine J. Wesley Caradine (February 16, 1846 - ?) was a farmer and state legislator in Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1874 and 1875.Freedom's Lawmakers by Eric Foner Louisiana State University Press (1996) page 39 H ...
– served 1874-1875 representing
Clay County Clay County is the name of 18 counties in the United States. Most are named for Henry Clay, U.S. Senator and statesman: * Clay County, Alabama * Clay County, Arkansas (named for John Clayton, and originally named Clayton County) * Clay County, Fl ...
* James Cessor – served 1871-1877 representing Jefferson County * George Washington Chavis – served 1874-1875 representing
Warren County Warren County is the name of fourteen counties in the USA. Some are named after General Joseph Warren, who was killed in the Battle of Bunker Hill in the American Revolutionary War: * Warren County, Georgia * Warren County, Illinois * Warren County ...
* Benjamin Chiles – served 1874-1878 representing
Oktibbeha County Oktibbeha County is a county in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census the population was 51,788. The county seat is Starkville. The county's name is derived from a local Native American word meanin ...
* Richard Christmas – served 1874-1875 representing Copiah County * Charles P. Clemens – served 1874-1875 representing
Clarke County Clarke County may refer to: ;Places *One of five counties in the United States: **Clarke County, Alabama **Clarke County, Georgia **Clarke County, Iowa **Clarke County, Mississippi **Clarke County, Virginia Clarke County is a county in the Com ...
* '' Milton Coates'' – served 1882-1885 representing
Warren County Warren County is the name of fourteen counties in the USA. Some are named after General Joseph Warren, who was killed in the Battle of Bunker Hill in the American Revolutionary War: * Warren County, Georgia * Warren County, Illinois * Warren County ...
* Thomas A. Cotton – served 1874-1875 representing
Noxubee County Noxubee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, its population was 11,545. Its county seat is Macon. The name is derived from the Choctaw word ''nakshobi'' meaning "to stink". Geography According to ...
* '' Felix L. Cory'' – served 1884-1886 representing Adams County *
Alexander Kelso Davis Alexander Kelso Davis was an American politician. He was a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives and Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi. He was impeached by the resurgent Democrats towards the end of the Reconstruction era in 1876. He ...
– served 1870-1873 representing
Noxubee County Noxubee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, its population was 11,545. Its county seat is Macon. The name is derived from the Choctaw word ''nakshobi'' meaning "to stink". Geography According to ...
*
Willis Davis Willis Davis may refer to: * Willis E. Davis (painter) (1855–1910), California landscape painter, father of the tennis champion * Willis E. Davis (tennis), American champion tennis player, son of the landscape painter *Willis Davis (Mississippi p ...
– served 1874-1876 representing
Noxubee County Noxubee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, its population was 11,545. Its county seat is Macon. The name is derived from the Choctaw word ''nakshobi'' meaning "to stink". Geography According to ...
* Weldon W. Edwards – served 1874-1877 and 1882-1883 representing
Warren County Warren County is the name of fourteen counties in the USA. Some are named after General Joseph Warren, who was killed in the Battle of Bunker Hill in the American Revolutionary War: * Warren County, Georgia * Warren County, Illinois * Warren County ...
* Samuel Fitzhugh – served 1874-1876 representing Wilkinson County *
George Washington Gayles George Washington Gayles (June 29, 1844 - March 5, 1924) was a Baptist minister and state legislator in Mississippi. He was in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1872 until 1875 and to the Mississippi Senate from 1878 until 1886. He w ...
– served 1872-1875 representing Bolivar County (also Senator) * David S. Green – served 1872-1875 representing
Grenada County Grenada County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi between Memphis and Jackson, Mississippi. As reported by the 2019 United States Census Bureau, the population was 20,758. Its county seat is Grenada. The county was named for th ...
* Alfred Newton Handy – served 1870-1875 representing Madison County * Emanuel Handy – served 1870-1873 representing Copiah County *
W. H. Harris W. H. Harris was a farmer and state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Washington County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1874 to 1875 and from 1888 to 1889. In 1883, he was reportedly aligned with the Democrat ...
– served 1874-1875 and 1888-1889 representing Washington County * Henry H. Harrison – served 1874-1875 representing
Chickasaw County Chickasaw County is the name of two counties in the United States: * Chickasaw County, Iowa * Chickasaw County, Mississippi Chickasaw County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 17,39 ...
*
John Franklin Henry John Franklin Henry was a preacher, farmer, and state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Madison County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1884 and 1885. He was born in Mississippi. He was lampooned as wanting t ...
– served 1884-1885 representing Madison County * Weldon Hicks – served 1874-1875 and 1878 representing
Hinds County Hinds County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. With its county seats ( Raymond and the state's capital, Jackson), Hinds is the most populous county in Mississippi with a 2020 census population of 227,742 residents. Hinds Cou ...
* Wilson Hicks – served 1874-1875 representing Rankin County * David Higgins – served 1870-1872 representing
Oktibbeha County Oktibbeha County is a county in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census the population was 51,788. The county seat is Starkville. The county's name is derived from a local Native American word meanin ...
* James Hill – served 1872-1873 representing Marshall County (Also
Secretary of State of Mississippi The Mississippi Secretary of State is an officer of Mississippi originally established under the Article IV, §14 of Mississippi Constitution of 1817, and was reestablished under Article V, §133 of the Mississippi Constitution of 1890. Several ...
) * Perry Howard – served 1872-1875 representing Holmes County * J. H. Johnson – served 1872-1875 representing DeSoto County * William H. Jones – served 1874-1877 representing Issaquena County *
Reuben Kendrick Reuben Kendrick was a constable and state representative in Mississippi. He was born into slavery in Louisiana. He was appointed constable in Amite County, Mississippi in 1869 by Governor Adelbert Ames. He was elected to a seat in the Mississippi ...
– served 1872-1875 representing Amite County * William Landers – served 1872-1876 representing Jefferson County * Samuel W. Lewis – served 1884-1885 representing Madison County * John R. Lynch – served 1870-1873 representing Adams County (also elected to
U.S. House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...
) * William H. Lynch – served 1874-1877 and 1882-1889 representing Adams County *
Daniel T. J. Mathews Daniel T. J. Mathews was a teacher, lawyer, and mail agent who served as state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Panola County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1874 and 1875. Eric Foner lists him as D.  ...
– served 1874-1875 representing Panola County * Thomas McCain – served 1872-1875 representing DeSoto County * J. W. McFarland – served 1874-1875 representing Rankin County * Marshall McNeese – served 1870-1871 and 1874-1877 representing
Noxubee County Noxubee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, its population was 11,545. Its county seat is Macon. The name is derived from the Choctaw word ''nakshobi'' meaning "to stink". Geography According to ...
* Joseph E. Monroe – served 1874-1877 representing
Coahoma County Coahoma County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,151. Its county seat is Clarksdale. The Clarksdale, MS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Coahoma County. It is lo ...
* John H. Morgan – served 1870-1875 representing Washington County * George G. Mosely – served 1874-1875 representing
Hinds County Hinds County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. With its county seats ( Raymond and the state's capital, Jackson), Hinds is the most populous county in Mississippi with a 2020 census population of 227,742 residents. Hinds Cou ...
* Cato Nathan – served 1874-1875 representing Monroe County * Randle Nettles – served 1870-1873 representing
Oktibbeha County Oktibbeha County is a county in the east central portion of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census the population was 51,788. The county seat is Starkville. The county's name is derived from a local Native American word meanin ...
* Lawrence W. Overton – served 1876 representing
Noxubee County Noxubee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, its population was 11,545. Its county seat is Macon. The name is derived from the Choctaw word ''nakshobi'' meaning "to stink". Geography According to ...
* '' Jones R. Parker'' – served 1884-1885 representing Washington County *
James G. Patterson James G. Patterson was a teacher and state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Yazoo County, Mississippi, Yazoo County in the Mississippi House of Representatives 1874-1875. On October 20, 1875, amidst a wave of political violence, he was ly ...
– served 1874-1875 representing Yazoo County * A. Peal – served 1874-1875 representing Marshall County * '' Perry Peyton'' – served 1884-1885 representing Bolivar County * James H. Piles – served 1870-1875 representing Panola County * ''
Albert B. Poston Albert B. Poston (1855–1902) was a teacher, principal, preacher, and state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Panola County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1882 and 1883. In 1896 he received voted to be a pres ...
'' – served 1882-1883 representing Panola County * J. W. Randolph – served 1874-1875 representing
Sunflower County Sunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,450. Its largest city and county seat is Indianola. Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan Statistical Are ...
and Leflore County * Charles Reese – served 1872-1873 representing
Hinds County Hinds County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. With its county seats ( Raymond and the state's capital, Jackson), Hinds is the most populous county in Mississippi with a 2020 census population of 227,742 residents. Hinds Cou ...
*
Elzy Richards Elzy A. Richards was a state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Lowndes County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1872 to 1875.Freedom's Lawmakers by Eric Foner Louisiana State University Press (1996) page 182 Se ...
– served 1872-1875 representing Lowndes County * A. A. Rogers – served 1874-1875 representing Marshall County *
Edmund Scarborough Colonel Edmund Scarborough (also spelled Scarburgh) (September 1617 – 1671) was an influential early settler of Virginia and member of the Virginia House of Burgesses from 1642 to 1671. Early life and family Scarborough was born in England. His ...
– served 1870-1871 representing
Holmes County, Mississippi Holmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi; its western border is formed by the Yazoo River and the eastern border by the Big Black River. The western part of the county is within the Yazoo-Mississippi Delta. As of the 2010 ce ...
* '' Gray Selby'' – served 1880-1881 representing Marshall County * James S. Simmons – served 1874-1875 and 1883-1884 representing Issaquena County and Washington County * Gilbert C. Smith – served 1872-1875 and 1884-1885 representing
Tunica County Tunica County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,782. Its county seat is Tunica. The county is named for the Tunica Native Americans. Most migrated to central Louisiana during th ...
* Haskin Smith – served 1872-1876 representing Claiborne County * Joseph Smothers – served 1872-1875 representing Claiborne County * James J. Spelman – served 1869-1875 representing Madison County (also justice of the peace and alderman of the city of Canton, Mississippi) *
Isham Stewart Isham Stewart, sometimes written as Isom Stewart, was a state legislator in Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives during the Reconstruction era and also served in the Mississippi Senate. He was the target of attacks f ...
– served 1870-1873 representing
Noxubee County Noxubee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, its population was 11,545. Its county seat is Macon. The name is derived from the Choctaw word ''nakshobi'' meaning "to stink". Geography According to ...
(also senator) *
Thomas Sykes Thomas Sykes may refer to: *Thomas Sykes (academic) (died 1705), English academic *Thomas Sykes (Mississippi politician) (fl. 1870s), American politician in Mississippi *Thomas A. Sykes (c. 1835–?), American politician in North Carolina and Tennes ...
– served 1873 representing Panola County *
Robert Thompson Robert or Bob Thompson may refer to: Entertainment * Bobby Thompson (comedian) (1911–1988), English comedian * Bob Thompson (musician) (1924–2013), American orchestra leader, arranger, composer * Robert E. Thompson (screenwriter) (1924–2004 ...
– served 1874-1875 representing Lowndes County * Harrison Truhart – served 1872-1875 representing Holmes County *
Jefferson Cobb Walker Jefferson Cobb Walker (born July 4, 1845) was an American minister, laborer, and state legislator in Mississippi.Freedom's Lawmakers by Eric Foner Louisiana State Unicersity Press (1996) page 220 He represented Monroe County, Mississippi in the Mi ...
– served 1874-1875 representing Monroe County *
George Washington George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of ...
– served 1874-1875 representing Carroll County * Tenant Weatherly – served 1874-1875 and 1880-1881 representing Holmes County * Eugene Welborne – served 1874-1875 representing
Hinds County Hinds County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. With its county seats ( Raymond and the state's capital, Jackson), Hinds is the most populous county in Mississippi with a 2020 census population of 227,742 residents. Hinds Cou ...
*
George White George White may refer to: Politicians * George White (died 1584) (c. 1530–1584), MP for Liverpool * George White (Liberal politician) (1840–1912), British Liberal member of parliament, 1900–1912 * George E. White (politician) (1848–1935), ...
– served 1874-1875 representing
Chickasaw County Chickasaw County is the name of two counties in the United States: * Chickasaw County, Iowa * Chickasaw County, Mississippi Chickasaw County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, the population was 17,39 ...
* Ralph Williams – served 1873-1875 representing Marshall County


Other

*
Thomas Cardozo Thomas Whitmarsh Cardozo (December 19, 1838 (p. 186) – April 13, 1881) was an American educator, journalist, and public official during the Reconstruction Era in the United States. He served as State Superintendent of Education in Mississippi ...
, Mississippi Superintendent of Education *
Alexander K. Davis Alexander Kelso Davis was an American politician. He was a member of the Mississippi House of Representatives and Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi. He was impeached by the resurgent Democrats towards the end of the Reconstruction era in 1876. He ...
, Lieutenant Governor, Mississippi House of Representatives *
James D. Lynch James D. Lynch (1839 – December 18, 1872) was a missionary, public official, and state legislator in the United States. He was the first African-American Secretary of State of Mississippi, and a Minister (Christianity), minister. Early life a ...
,
Secretary of State of Mississippi The Mississippi Secretary of State is an officer of Mississippi originally established under the Article IV, §14 of Mississippi Constitution of 1817, and was reestablished under Article V, §133 of the Mississippi Constitution of 1890. Several ...


Nebraska


Members of the Nebraska House of Representatives

* Matthew Oliver Ricketts (1893 - 1897)


Local offices

* Edwin R. Overall, appointed mail carrier in 1869


North Carolina

* Israel Abbott, member of the North Carolina House of Representatives (1872-1874) * John O. Crosby, 1875 delegate from Warren County, North Carolina to the North Carolina State Constitutional Convention * James Walker Hood, commissioner for the states public schools and assistant superintendent of public instruction in North Carolina (1868-1871) *
John S. Leary John S. Leary (August 17, 1845 – December 9, 1904) was an American lawyer and politician. He was of mixed ethnicity. He is described as one of the first black lawyers in North Carolina and was a member of the North Carolina State Legislature, ...
, North Carolina State legislature (1868-1871), alderman in Fayetteville, North Carolina (1876-1877)


Ohio


Members of the Ohio Senate

* John Patterson Green, 1892


Members of the Ohio House of Representatives

* George W. Williams, 1879 * John Patterson Green, 1882 * Benjamin W. Arnett, 1886 * Jere A. Brown, 1886 * Robert Harlan, 1886 *
William H. Copeland William H. Copeland (July 30, 1848 – 1931) was a brakeman, porter, gauger, deputy sheriff, cafe owner, undertaker, and state legislator in Ohio. He was born in Columbus, Ohio. He served in the Ohio House of Representatives The Ohio House of Rep ...
, 1888 * George H. Jackson, 1892 * William H. Clifford, 1894 * Samuel B. Hill, 1894 * Harry Clay Smith, 1894-1898, 1899-1902 * William H. Parham, 1896 * William R. Stewart, 1896 * George A. Myers, 1897


Local offices

* Jeremiah A. Brown, Cleveland, bailiff of the county probate court, deputy sheriff and county prison turnkey, then clerk of the City Boards of Equalization and Revision. * Robert James Harlan, mail agent


South Carolina

*
Francis Lewis Cardozo Francis Lewis Cardozo (February 1, 1836 – July 22, 1903) was an American clergyman, politician, and educator. When elected in South Carolina as Secretary of State in 1868, he was the first African American to hold a statewide office in the Uni ...
, Secretary of State of South Carolina (18681872), South Carolina State Treasurer (18721877) * Robert B. Elliott, State House lawmaker, and U.S. Representative from South Carolina *
Richard Theodore Greener Richard Theodore Greener (1844–1922) was a pioneering African-American scholar, excelling in elocution, philosophy, law and classics in the Reconstruction era. He broke ground as Harvard College's first Black graduate in 1870. Within three y ...
, South Carolina school system commissioner, 1875. * Albert Osceola Jones, clerk of South Carolina House of Representatives, 1868-1876. *
Robert Smalls Robert Smalls (April 5, 1839 – February 23, 1915) was an American politician, publisher, businessman, and maritime pilot. Born into slavery in Beaufort, South Carolina, he freed himself, his crew, and their families during the American Civil W ...
, South Carolina Representative, South Carolina Senator,
U.S. Representative The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they c ...
*
D. Augustus Straker D. Augustus Straker (born 1842) was an American teacher, lawyer, and jurist. He won elections to the South Carolina legislature but was denied his seat on multiple occasions. Early life and education David Augustus Straker was born in Bridgetow ...
, South Carolina House of Representatives, also Inspector of Customs at the port of Charleston and clerk in the auditors office of the treasury in Washington * Alonzo J. Ransier, Lt. Governor of South Carolina (December 3, 1870 – December 7, 1872) and later served as US Congressman (March 3, 1873 – March 3, 1875) * Jonathan J. Wright, lawyer, South Carolina State Senator (November 24, 1868 – January 30, 1870) and First Black Associate Justice of South Carolina Supreme Court (January 11, 1870 – December 1, 1877)


Members of South Carolina Senate

*
George W. Barber George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd Preside ...
-
Fairfield County Fairfield County is the name of three counties in the United States: * Fairfield County, Connecticut * Fairfield County, Ohio Fairfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,921. ...
(1868–1872) *
Isreal R. Bird Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
-
Fairfield County Fairfield County is the name of three counties in the United States: * Fairfield County, Connecticut * Fairfield County, Ohio Fairfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,921. ...
- Possibly a mistake as one found so far in one source and not in the papers of ''freedom lawmakers'' * Lawrence Cain - Edgefield (1872–1876) * Richard H. Cain - Orangeburg (1868-1870) *
Henry Cardozo Henry Cardozo (1830 - 1886) was a carpenter, shipbuilder, county auditor, and state senator in South Carolina. Early life Cardozo was born September 1830. Cardozo's mother, Lydia Weston, was African American and Native American, a former slave. ...
- Kershaw (1870-1874) * Frederick A. Clinton - Lancaster (1868–1877) * Hiram W. Duncan - Union County (1868–1872) * Samuel L. Duncan -
Orangeburg County Orangeburg County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 92,501. Its county seat is Orangeburg. The county was created in 1769. Orangeburg County comprises the Orangeburg, SC Microp ...
(1876-1880) * Sanders Ford -
Fairfield County Fairfield County is the name of three counties in the United States: * Fairfield County, Connecticut * Fairfield County, Ohio Fairfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,921. ...
(1872-1873) * Joseph A. Green -
Orangeburg County Orangeburg County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 92,501. Its county seat is Orangeburg. The county was created in 1769. Orangeburg County comprises the Orangeburg, SC Microp ...
* Samuel Green - Beaufort County (1875-1877) *
Charles D. Hayne Charles D. Hayne (1844–1913) was an American politician, tailor, and railroad investor from South Carolina. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1868 to 1872 and in the South Carolina Senate from 1872 to 1876. He also ...
- Aiken County (1872–1876) * Henry E. Hayne - Marion County (1868-1872) *
William R. Hoyt William R. Hoyt was a state senator in South Carolina during the Reconstruction era The Reconstruction era was a period in American history following the American Civil War (1861–1865) and lasting until approximately the Compromise ...
-
Colleton County Colleton County is in the Lowcountry region of the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,604. Its county seat is Walterboro. The county is named after Sir John Colleton, 1st Baronet, one of the eight Lords ...
(1868-1870) *
James L. Jamison James L. Jamison (died July 2, 1873) was a farmer, teacher, businessman, and state legislator in South Carolina. Jamison sat in the South Carolina Senate representing Orangeburg during the Reconstruction era. He was a Republican elected to terms ...
-
Orangeburg County Orangeburg County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 92,501. Its county seat is Orangeburg. The county was created in 1769. Orangeburg County comprises the Orangeburg, SC Microp ...
(1870–1872) * William E. Johnston (1869-1877) *
John Lee John Lee may refer to: Academia * John Lee (astronomer) (1783–1866), president of the Royal Astronomical Society * John Lee (university principal) (1779–1859), University of Edinburgh principal * John Lee (pathologist) (born 1961), English ...
-
Chester County Chester County may refer to: * Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States * Chester County, South Carolina, United States * Chester County, Tennessee Chester County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, th ...
(1872-1874) * Moses Martin -
Fairfield County Fairfield County is the name of three counties in the United States: * Fairfield County, Connecticut * Fairfield County, Ohio Fairfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 158,921. ...
(1873-1876) * Thomas E. Miller - Beaufort County (1880-1882) *
William Fabriel Myers William Fabriel Myers (August 1850 – January 13, 1917) was a lawyer and state senator in South Carolina. An African American, he was involved in politics during the Reconstruction Era. He served as a state senator from 1874 until 1878. Biogr ...
-
Colleton County Colleton County is in the Lowcountry region of the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,604. Its county seat is Walterboro. The county is named after Sir John Colleton, 1st Baronet, one of the eight Lords ...
(1874-1878) * William B. Nash - Richland County (1868-1877) *
Joseph H. Rainey Joseph Hayne Rainey (June 21, 1832 – August 1, 1887) was an American politician. He was the first black person to serve in the United States House of Representatives and the second black person (after Hiram Revels) to serve in the United States ...
- Georgetown (1868-18170) * Benjamin F. Randolph -
Orangeburg County Orangeburg County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 92,501. Its county seat is Orangeburg. The county was created in 1769. Orangeburg County comprises the Orangeburg, SC Microp ...
(1868) * Thomas J. Reynolds - Beaufort County * Hamilton Robinson - Beaufort County * Robert Simmons - Berkeley County (1882-1886) *
Robert Smalls Robert Smalls (April 5, 1839 – February 23, 1915) was an American politician, publisher, businessman, and maritime pilot. Born into slavery in Beaufort, South Carolina, he freed himself, his crew, and their families during the American Civil W ...
- Beaufort County (1870-1875) * Dublin I. Walker -
Chester County Chester County may refer to: * Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States * Chester County, South Carolina, United States * Chester County, Tennessee Chester County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, th ...
(1874-1877) *Reverend
Jared D. Warley Jared D. Warley was an American politician, A.M.E. minister, farmer, judge, and state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Clarendon County, South Carolina in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1870 to 1874 and in the South Ca ...
- Clarendon County (1874-1877) *Reverend Bruce H. Williams -
Chester County Chester County may refer to: * Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States * Chester County, South Carolina, United States * Chester County, Tennessee Chester County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, th ...
(1876-1887) * Lucius Winbush -
Chester County Chester County may refer to: * Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States * Chester County, South Carolina, United States * Chester County, Tennessee Chester County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, th ...
(1868-1872) may be Wimbush *
Jonathan Jasper Wright Jonathan Jasper Wright (February 11, 1840 – February 18, 1885) was an African-American lawyer who served as a state senator and judge on the Supreme Court of the State of South Carolina during Reconstruction from 1870 to 1877. Biography Wright ...
-
Beaufort County, South Carolina Beaufort County ( ) is a county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 187,117. Its county seat is Beaufort. Beaufort County is part of the Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort, SC Metropolitan Stati ...
(1840-1887)


Members of South Carolina House of Representatives

*
William Adamson William Adamson (2 April 1863 – 23 February 1936) was a Scottish trade unionist and Labour politician. He was Leader of the Labour Party from 1917 to 1921 and served as Secretary of State for Scotland in 1924 and during 1929–1931 in the ...
representing Kershaw County from 1868 until 1870 * Frank Adamson representing Kershaw County from 1870 until 1874 * Jacob C. Allman representing Marion County from 1872 until 1876 * Robert B. Artson representing Charleston County from 1872 until 1874 * R. B. Anderson Georgetown County from 1890 to 1898 * William J. Andrews Sumter County from 1874 to 1876 * Samuel J. Bampfield Beaufort * John B. Bascomb representing Beaufort County * J. A. Baxter Georgetown County from 1884 to 1890 * W. W. Beckett representing Berkeley Countyfrom 1882 to 1884 *
W. A. Bishop W. may refer to: * SoHo (Australian TV channel) (previously W.), an Australian pay television channel * ''W.'' (film), a 2008 American biographical drama film based on the life of George W. Bush * "W.", the fifth track from Codeine's 1992 EP ''Bar ...
representing Greenville Countyfrom 1868 until 1870 * J. W. Bolts Georgetown County from 1898 to 1900 also served from 1900 to 1902 * Benjamin A. Bosemon representing Charleston County from 1868 until 1873 * John Boston representing Darlington County * Joseph D. Boston representing Newberry County from 1868 until 1876 * James A. Bowley representing Georgetown County from 1869 until 1874 * E. M. Brayton Aiken * Sampson S. Bridges Newberry *
Peter Bright Peter may refer to: People * List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Peter (given name) ** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church * Peter (surname), a su ...
Charleston *
William Brodie William Brodie (28 September 1741 – 1 October 1788), often known by his title of Deacon Brodie, was a Scottish cabinet-maker, deacon of a trades guild, and Edinburgh city councillor, who maintained a secret life as a housebreaker, partly fo ...
Charleston * Stephen Brown Charleston *
Richard Bryan Richard Hudson Bryan (born July 16, 1937) is an American attorney and politician who served as a United States Senator from Nevada from 1989 to 2001. A Democrat, Bryan served as the 25th Governor of Nevada from 1983 to 1989, and before that serv ...
Charleston * Benjamin Byos representing Berkeley County/Orangeburg County from 1870 until 1872 * H. Z. Burchmeyer Charleston *
Barney Burton Barney Burton was an American legislator in South Carolina. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives in 1868 and 1870. He represented Chester County, South Carolina. Burton was involved with the Chester A.M.E. Baptist church in it ...
Chester * Everidge Cain Abbeville * Edward J. Cain Orangeburg * Lawrence Cain Edgefield * Richard H. Cain Orangeburg * Christian Wesley Caldwell representing Orangeburg from 1876 to 1878 *
John A. Chestnut John A. Chestnut (also spelled Chesnut) was a delegate to the 1868 Constitutional Convention of South Carolina. He also served in the South Carolina House of Representatives. His grandfather was freed by Col. James Chestnut. He, S. G. W. Dill, a ...
Kershaw * Caesar P. Chisolm Colleton * Simon P. Coker Barnwell * Wilson Cooke Greenville * Samuel Coleman Chester in 1875 and 1876 * Augustus Collins Clarendon * Andrew W. Curtis Richland * Abram Dannerly representing Orangeburg County * Nelson Davies York County from 1873 to 1876 * James Davis Richland * Thomas A. Davis representing Charleston County from 1870 until 1876 * Robert C. DeLarge Charleston *
Eugene Herriot Dibble Eugene may refer to: People and fictional characters * Eugene (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Eugene (actress) (born 1981), Kim Yoo-jin, South Korean actress and former member of the sin ...
Kershaw * John Dix Orangeburg * Samuel B. Doiley Charleston * Paul B. Drayton representing Charleston County from 1880 to 1882 * William A. Driffle Colleton * Samuel L. Duncan Orangeburg County *
S. C. Eckhard S is the nineteenth letter of the English alphabet. S may also refer to: History * an Anglo-Saxon charter's number in Peter Sawyer's, catalogue Language and linguistics * Long s (ſ), a form of the lower-case letter s formerly used where "s ...
representing Charleston County from 1878 to 1880 * W. T. Elfe Charleston * Robert B. Elliott representing Barnwell/Edgefield/Aiken * William E. Elliott Charleston * Henry H. Ellison Abbeville * John Evans Williamsburg * Philllip E. Ezekiel Beaufort *
Simeon Farr Simeon Farr was an American politician who was elected as a state representative in 1868 in South Carolina during the Reconstruction era. He represented Union County, South Carolina. His photograph was used in a composite of Radical Republican o ...
Union *
Simeon Farrow Simeon () is a given name, from the Hebrew (Biblical ''Šimʿon'', Tiberian ''Šimʿôn''), usually transliterated as Shimon. In Greek it is written Συμεών, hence the Latinized spelling Symeon. Meaning The name is derived from Simeon, so ...
Union * T. R. Fields Beaufort * Adam P. Ford Charleston * Ellis Forrest Orangeburg *
William H. Frazier William H. Frazier (born c. 1838) was a state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Colleton County, South Carolina in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1872 to 1874.Freedom's Lawmakers by Eric Foner Louisiana State University ...
Colleton * B. G. Frederick Orangeburg * John M. Freeman, Jr. Charleston * Florian Henry Frost Williamsburg * Reuben Gaither representing Kershaw County from 1870 until 1877 * William H. Gardner Sumter * Stephen Gary representing Kershaw County from 1870-1872 and 1874-1876 *
Hastings Gantt Hastings () is a large seaside town and borough in East Sussex on the south coast of England, east to the county town of Lewes and south east of London. The town gives its name to the Battle of Hastings, which took place to the north-west at ...
Beaufort * John Gardner Edgefield * Ebenezer F. George Kershaw * John Gibson Fairfield *
Fortune Giles Fortune Giles (1830–1915)was a state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Williamsburg County in the South Carolina House of Representatives The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General A ...
representing Williamsburg County * John T. Gilmore Richland *
William C. Glover William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Engl ...
Charleston *
Mitchell Goggins Mitchell Goggins (1850 - ?) was a state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Abbeville County, South Carolina in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1870 to 1872 and 1874 to 1876. Columbus Goggins was his father. See also *Af ...
Abbeville *
Aesop Goodson Aesop Goodson was a state legislator and judge in South Carolina. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 12 ...
Richland * David Graham Edgefield * John G. Grant Marlboro * William A. Grant Charleston *
Charles Samuel Green Charles Samuel Green was a farmer and state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Georgetown County, South Carolina, and was first elected as a representative in October 1872. Green was born enslaved in Georgetown County. He served in the ...
Georgetown *
John Green John Michael Green (born August 24, 1977) is an American author, YouTube content creator, podcaster, and philanthropist. His books have more than 50 million copies in print worldwide, including '' The Fault in Our Stars'' (2012), which is ...
Edgefield * Samuel Greene representing Beaufort County from 1870 until 1875 *
Ishom Greenwood Ehsham ( fa, احشام, also Romanized as Eḩshām and Aḩshām; also known as Eyshūm and Ishom) is a village in Chah Varz Rural District, in the Central District of Lamerd County, Fars Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islam ...
Newberry * Thomas Hamilton Beaufort * James J. Hardy representing Charleston County in 1870 and 1871 * Alfred Hart Darlington * R. M. Harriett Georgetown * David Harris Edgefield * Eben Hayes representing Marion County *
Charles D. Hayne Charles D. Hayne (1844–1913) was an American politician, tailor, and railroad investor from South Carolina. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1868 to 1872 and in the South Carolina Senate from 1872 to 1876. He also ...
Barnwell * James N. Hayne Barnwell * William A. Hayne Marion * Plato P. Hedges Charleston * John T. Henderson Newberry * James A. Henderson Newberry * Gloster H. Holland Aiken County * Abraham P. Holmes Colleton * A. H. Howard Marion * Allison W. Hough Kershaw * Richard H. Humbert Darlington *
Barney Humphries Barney Humphries (ca. 1809 - 1875) was an A.M.E. minister and state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Chester County, South Carolina in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1868 to 1872.Freedom's Lawmakers by Eric Foner Louis ...
Chester *
Allen Hudson Allen Hudson was a constable and state legislator in South Carolina. He served in the South Carolina House of Representatives The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 1 ...
Lancaster * Alfred T. B. Hunter, state representative from Laurens County (18741876) * Austin Jackson Barnwell * Henry Jacobs Fairfield * Burrell James Sumter *
James L. Jamison James L. Jamison (died July 2, 1873) was a farmer, teacher, businessman, and state legislator in South Carolina. Jamison sat in the South Carolina Senate representing Orangeburg during the Reconstruction era. He was a Republican elected to terms ...
Orangeburg * Paul W. Jefferson Aiken *
William R. Jervay William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Engl ...
Charleston * Griffin C. Johnson Laurens * John W. Johnson Marion * D. J. J. Johnson Chesterfield * Henry Johnson Fairfield * William E. Johnston representing Sumter County in 1868-69 and 1769 * Samuel Johnson Charleston * Marshall Jones Orangeburg * A. H. Jones Charleston *
Paul E. Jones Paul may refer to: *Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name) *Paul (surname), a list of people People Christianity *Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chris ...
Orangeburg * William H. Jones Georgetown * Samuel I. Keith Darlington * Jordan Lang Darlington *
John Lee John Lee may refer to: Academia * John Lee (astronomer) (1783–1866), president of the Royal Astronomical Society * John Lee (university principal) (1779–1859), University of Edinburgh principal * John Lee (pathologist) (born 1961), English ...
Chester *
Levi Lee Levi (; ) was, according to the Book of Genesis, the third of the six sons of Jacob and Leah (Jacob's third son), and the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Levi (the Levites, including the Kohanim) and the great-grandfather of Aaron, Moses and ...
Fairfield * George H. Lee Charleston * Samuel J. Lee representing Edgefield County/Aiken County from 1868 until 1874 * Joseph W. Lloyd Charleston *
John Lilley John Lilley (born March 3, 1954) is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter, guitar teacher and landscape gardener, best known for being a member of rock band The Hooters. Early life John Lilley learned to play the guitar at nine years ol ...
Chester * Aaron Logan Charleston * Hutson J. Lomax representing Abbeville County * William Lowman Richland * William Maree Colleton *
Thomas Martin Thomas or Tom Martin may refer to: Born 16th century *Thomas Martin (politician, died 1583) (1530–1583), MP for Dorchester * Thomas Martin (lawyer) (1521–1593), MP for Ludgershall, Saltash and Hindon Born 17th century *Thomas Martin of Pa ...
Abbeville * Julius Mayer Barnwell * James P. Mays Orangeburg *
Harry McDaniels Harry may refer to: TV shows *Harry (American TV series), ''Harry'' (American TV series), a 1987 American comedy series starring Alan Arkin *Harry (British TV series), ''Harry'' (British TV series), a 1993 BBC drama that ran for two seasons *Harry ...
Laurens * Thomas D. McDowell Georgetown * William J. McKinlay representing Orangeburg/Charleston * John W. Meade York * George M. Mears Charleston * Edward C. Mickey Charleston *Benjamin Middleton Barnwell *Isaac Miller (South Carolina), Isaac Miller Fairfield *M. Miller Fairfield * Thomas E. Miller Beaufort from 1874 until 1880 *James Mills (South Carolina Politician), James Mills Laurens *L. S. Mills Beaufort *Syphax Milton Clarendon *Charles S. Minort Richland *F. S. Mitchell Beaufort *Junius S. Mobley Union *Alfred M. Moore Fairfield *Shadrack Morgan Orangeburg *William C. Morrison Beaufort *William J. Moultrie Georgetown *Jonas W. Nash representing Kershaw County *William Nelson (South Carolina), William Nelson Clarendon *Richard Nesbitt (South Carolina ), Richard Neabitt Charleston *Frederick Nix Jr. Barnwell *Charles F. North Charleston *Samuel Nuckles Union *Nathaniel B. Myers Beaufort County 1870-75 and 1876-77 *Joseph Alexander Owens Barnwell County *Robert John Palmer Richland *Joseph Parker (South Carolina), Joseph Parker Charleston *Jeffrey Pendergrass Williamsburg *Wade Perrin Laurens *James F. Peterson Williamsburg County from 1872 to 1878 *Edward Petty Charleston *William G. Pinckney Charleston *Thomas Pressley Williamsburg *Isaac Prioleau Charleston *Henry W. Purvis Lexington *Warren W. Ramsey representing Sumter County from 1869 until 1876 * Alonzo J. Ransier Charleston *Cain Ravenel Berkeley *George A. Reed Beaufort *A. C. Reynolds Beaufort *J. C. Rice Beaufort *Thomas Richardson (South Carolina), Thomas Richardson Colleton *Mark P. Richardson Berkeley *Henry Riley (South Carolina), Henry Riley Orangeburg *Prince R. Rivers Edgefield/Aiken *J. R. Rivers Beaufort *Joseph Robinson (South Carolina), Joseph Robinson Beaufort *J. C. Rue Beaufort *Alfred Rush Darlington *Thaddeus K. Sasportas Orangeburg *Sancho Saunders Chester *William C. Scott (South Carolina), William C. Scott Williamsburg *Robert F. Scott (South Carolina), Robert F. Scott Williamsburg *W. H. Sheppard Beaufort *Henry L. Shrewsburg Chesterfield *Augustus Simkins Edgefield *Paris Simpkins Edgefield *Hercules Simmons Colleton *Aaron Simmons Orangeburg *Benjamin Simmons (South Carolina), Benjamin Simmons Beaufort *Limus Simons Edgefield *William Simons (politician), William Simons Richland *Charles Sims (South Carolina), Charles Sims Chester *Andrew Singleton (South Carolina), Andrew Singleton Berkeley *James Singleton (South Carolina), James Singleton Berkeley *Asbury L. Singleton Sumter *J. P. Singleton Chesterfield *
Robert Smalls Robert Smalls (April 5, 1839 – February 23, 1915) was an American politician, publisher, businessman, and maritime pilot. Born into slavery in Beaufort, South Carolina, he freed himself, his crew, and their families during the American Civil W ...
Beaufort *Sherman Smalls Colleton *Rev. W. Smalls Charleston *James E. Smiling Sumter *Abraham W. Smith Charleston *Jackson A. Smith Darlington *Powell Smythe Clarendon *Butler Spears Sumter *James A. Spencer Abbeville *Nathaniel T. Spencer Charleston *Charles H. Sperry Georgetown *Henry Steele (South Carolina), Henry Steele York *Caesar Sullivan Laurens *Robert Tarlton Colleton *John W. Thomas (South Carolina), John W. Thomas Marlboro *Benjamin A. Thompson Marion *Samuel B. Thompson Richland *Joseph Thompson (South Carolina Politician), Joseph Thompson Richland *William M. Thomas Colleton *Julius C. Tingman Charleston *Robert Turner (South Carolina Politician), Robert Turner representing Charleston County from 1872 until 1873 *Richard M. Valentine representing Abbeville County in 1868 *John Vanderpool Charleston *Thomas H. Wallace Berkeley *Dublin Walker Chester from 1874 until 1877 *John Wallace (South Carolina Politician), John Wallace Orangeburg *
Jared D. Warley Jared D. Warley was an American politician, A.M.E. minister, farmer, judge, and state legislator in South Carolina. He represented Clarendon County, South Carolina in the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1870 to 1874 and in the South Ca ...
Clarendon *J. J. Washington Beaufort *Archie Weldon Edgefield *James Wells (South Carolina Politician), James Wells Richland *John W. Westberry Sumter *Ellison M. Weston Richland *William James Whipper Beaufort *John H. White (South Carolina politician), John H. White *Hannibal A. Wideman Abbeville County *James Wigg Beaufort *Charles M. Wilder Richland *Bruce H. Williams (South Carolina Politician), Bruce H. Williams Georgetown *James Clement Wilson Sumter *Zachariah W. Wines Darlington *John B. Wright Charleston York County *Smart Wright Charleston *Prince Young Chester *James M. Young (South Carolina Politician), James M. Young Laurens


Local offices

* Harrison N. Bouey, probate judge in Edgefield County * James Wagoner, trial justice in York County


Tennessee

Only one African American served in the Tennessee Legislature during the 1870s, but more than a dozen followed in the 1880s as Republican's retook the governorship. They advocated for schools for African Americans, spoke against segregated public facilities some of which were off limits completely to African Americans, and advocated for voting rights protections. * Sampson W. Keeble (1873) * John W. Boyd (Tennessee politician), John W. Boyd (1881 - 1884) * Thomas F. Cassels (1881 - 1882) * Isaac F. Norris (1881 - 1882) * Thomas A. Sykes (1881 - 1882), also served in the North Carolina House of Representatives * Leon Howard (Tennessee politician), Leon Howard * David F. Rivers (1883 - 1884) * Greene E. Evans *William A. Feilds (1885 - 1886) * William C. Hodge *Monroe W. Gooden (1887-1889) * Samuel A. McElwee, member of the Tennessee General Assembly (1883 - 1888) *Styles Linton Hutchins (1887 - 1888) *Jesse M. H. Graham


Texas

Four African-Americans won election to the Texas Senate and 32 others served in the Texas House of Representatives during the Reconstruction era.


Members of the Texas Senate

*George Ruby, George Thompson Ruby (1870-1871 and 1873) *Walter Moses Burton represented District 13 (Austin, Fort Bend, and Wharton Counties) 1874-1876 and District 17 (Fort Bend, Waller, and Wharton Counties) 1876-1883 *Matthew Gaines represented District 16 from 1870-1873 *Walter E. Riptoe (Riptoe/Ripeton)


Members of the Texas House of Representatives

*Richard Allen (Texas politician), Richard Allen (1869), ran for Lieutenant Governor in 1878 *Edward Anderson (19th-century Texas politician), Edward Anderson *Alexander Asberry *Houston A. P. Bassett *Thomas Beck (politician), Thomas Beck *D. W. Burley *Silas Cotton *Bird Davis *Goldsteen Dupree *Robert J. Evans *Jacob E. Freeman *Harriel G. Geiger *Melvin Goddin *Bedford G. Guy *Nathan H. Haller *Jeremiah J. Hamilton *William H. Holland (politician), William H. Holland *Mitchell Kendall *Robert A. Kerr *Doc C. Lewis *Robert A. Kerr (1842–1912) *David Medlock *John Mitchell (Texas legislator) *Henry Moore (Texas legislator) *Robert J. Moore *Sheppard Mullens *Edward Patton *Henry Phelps (politician), Henry Phelps *Meshack R. Roberts *Alonzo Sledge *Robert Lloyd Smith *Henry Sneed *James H. Washington *Allen W. Wilder *Benjamin Franklin Williams *Richard Williams (Texas legislator), Richard Williams *George W. Wyatt *E. C. Mobley (1883) representing Robertson County


Virginia

The Virginia Senate enacted Joint Resolution No. 89 in 2012 recognising that although federal Reconstruction ended in 1877 due to Jim Crow laws Reconstruction in Virginia lasted from 1869 to 1890.


Members of the Virginia Senate

* James W. D. Bland represented Prince Edward County, Virginia, Prince Edward County from 1869 to 1870 * Cephas L. Davis represented Mecklenburg County, Virginia, Mecklenburg County from 1879 to 1880 * John M. Dawson (Virginia politician), John M. Dawson represented Charles City, Virginia, Charles City, Elizabeth City, Virginia, Elizabeth City, James City, Virginia, James City, Warwick County, Virginia, Warwick, and York County, Virginia, York counties from 1874 to 1877 * Joseph P. Evans represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1874 to 1875 * Nathaniel M. Griggs represented Prince Edward County, Virginia, Prince Edward County from 1887 to 1890 * James R. Jones (Virginia politician), James R. Jones represented Mecklenburg County, Virginia, Mecklenburg County from 1875 to 1877 and from 1881 to 1883 * Isaiah L. Lyons represented Surry County, Virginia, Surry, York County, Virginia, York, Elizabeth City County, Virginia, Elizabeth City, and Warwick County, Virginia, Warwick counties from 1869 to 1871 * William P. Moseley represented Goochland County, Virginia, Goochland County from 1869 to 1871 * Frank Moss (Virginia politician), Francis "Frank" Moss represented Buckingham County, Virginia, Buckingham County from 1869 to 1871 * Daniel M. Norton represented James City County, Virginia, James City and York County, Virginia, York Counties from 1871 to 1873 and from 1877 to 1887 * Guy Powell representing Nottoway County, Virginia, Nottoway , Lunenburg County, Virginia, Lunenburg , and Brunswick County, Virginia, Brunswick Counties from 1875 to 1878 * John Robinson (Virginia politician, born 1822), John Robinson represented Cumberland County, Virginia, Cumberland County from 1869 to 1873 * William N. Stevens represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1871 to 1878, and Sussex County, Virginia, Sussex County from 1881 to 1882 * George Teamoh represented Norfolk County, Virginia, Norfolk County from 1869 to 1871


Members of the Virginia House of Delegates

* William H. Andrews (Virginia politician), William H. Andrews represented Surry County, Virginia, Surry County from 1869 to 1871 * William H. Ash represented Amelia County, Virginia, Amelia and Nottoway County, Virginia, Nottoway counties from 1887 to 1888 * Briton Baskerville, Jr. represented Mecklenburg County, Virginia, Mecklenburg County from 1887 to 1888 * Edward David Bland represented Prince George County, Virginia, Prince George and Surry County, Virginia, Surry counties from 1879 to 1884 * Phillip S. Bolling represented Cumberland County, Virginia, Cumberland and Buckingham County, Virginia, Buckingham counties * Samuel P. Bolling represented Cumberland County, Virginia, Cumberland and Buckingham County, Virginia, Buckingham Counties 1884 - but his eligibility was successfully challenged by the Democratic Party and he was removed * Tazewell Branch represented Prince Edward County, Virginia, Prince Edward County from 1874 to 1877 * William H. Brisby represented New Kent County, Virginia, New Kent County from 1869 to 1871 * Goodman Brown represented Prince George County, Virginia, Prince George and Surry County, Virginia, Surry counties from 1887 to 1888 * Peter J. Carter represented Northampton County, Virginia, Northampton County from 1871 to 1878 * Matt Clark (Virginia politician), Matt Clark represented Halifax County, Virginia, Halifax County from 1874 to 1875 * George William Cole (Virginia politician), George William Cole represented Essex County, Virginia, Essex County from 1879 to 1880 * Asa Coleman represented Halifax County, Virginia, Halifax County from 1871 to 1873 * Johnson Collins represented Brunswick County, Virginia, Brunswick County from 1879 to 1880 * Aaron Commodore represented Essex County, Virginia, Essex County from 1875 to 1877 * Miles Connor represented Norfolk County, Virginia, Norfolk County from 1875 to 1877 * Henry Cox (Virginia politician), Henry Cox represented Chesterfield County, Virginia, Chesterfield and Powhatan County, Virginia, Powhatan counties from 1869 to 1877 * Isaac Dabbs represented Charlotte County, Virginia, Charlotte County from 1875 to 1877 * McDowell Delaney represented Amelia County, Virginia, Amelia County from 1871 to 1873 * Amos A. Dodson represented Mecklenburg County, Virginia, Mecklenburg County from 1883 to 1884 * Shed Dungee represented Cumberland County, Virginia, Cumberland and Buckingham County, Virginia, Buckingham counties from 1879 to 1882 * Jesse Dungey represented King William County, Virginia, King William County from 1871 to 1873 * Isaac Edmundson represented Halifax County, Virginia, Halifax County from 1869 to 1871 * Ballard T. Edwards represented Chesterfield County, Virginia, Chesterfield and Powhatan County, Virginia, Powhatan counties from 1869 to 1871 * Joseph P. Evans representing Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1871 to 1873 (also Senator) * William D. Evans (Virginia politician), William D. Evans represented Prince Edward County, Virginia, Prince Edward County from 1877 to 1880 * William W. Evans (Virginia politician), William W. Evans represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1887 to 1888. * William Faulcon represented Prince George County, Virginia, Prince George and Surry County, Virginia, Surry counties from 1885 to 1887 * George Fayerman represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1869 to 1871 * James A. Fields represented Elizabeth City County, Virginia, Elizabeth City and James City County, Virginia, James City counties from 1889 to 1890 * Alexander Q. Franklin represented Charles City County, Virginia, Charles City County from 1889 to 1890 * William Gilliam represented Prince George County, Virginia, Prince George County from 1871 to 1875 * James P. Goodwyn represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1874 to 1875 * Armistead Green represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1881 to 1884 * Robert G. Griffin (Virginia politician), Robert G. Griffin represented James City County, Virginia, James City and York County, Virginia, York counties from 1883 to 1884 * Nathaniel M. Griggs represented Prince Edward County, Virginia, Prince Edward County from 1883 to 1884 (also Senator) * Ross Hamilton represented Mecklenburg County, Virginia, Mecklenburg County from 1869 to 1882, and from 1889 to 1890 * Alfred W. Harris represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1881 to 1888 * H. Clay Harris represented Halifax County, Virginia, Halifax County from 1874 to 1875 * Henry C. Hill represented Amelia County, Virginia, Amelia County from 1874 to 1875 * Charles E. Hodges (Virginia politician born 1819), Charles E. Hodges representingNorfolk County, Virginia, Norfolk County from 1869 to 1871 * John Q. Hodges represented Princess Anne County, Virginia, Princess Anne County from 1869 to 1871 * Henry Johnson (Virginia politician), Henry Johnson represented Amelia County, Virginia, Amelia and Nottoway County, Virginia, Nottoway counties from 1889 to 1890 * Benjamin Jones (Virginia politician), Benjamin Jones represented Charles City County, Virginia, Charles City County from 1869 to 1871 * James R. Jones (Virginia politician), James R. Jones represented Mecklenburg County, Virginia, Mecklenburg County from 1885 to 1887 (also Senator) * Peter K. Jones representing Greensville County, Virginia, Greensville County from 1869 to 1877 * Robert G. W. Jones represented Charles City County, Virginia, Charles City County from 1869 to 1871 * Rufus S. Jones represented Elizabeth City County, Virginia, Elizabeth City and Warwick County, Virginia, Warwick counties from 1871 to 1875 * William H. Jordan (Virginia politician), William H. Jordan represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1885 to 1887 * Alexander G. Lee represented Elizabeth City County, Virginia, Elizabeth City and Warwick County, Virginia, Warwick from 1877 to 1879 * Neverson Lewis represented Chesterfield County, Virginia, Chesterfield and Powhatan County, Virginia, Powhatan counties from 1879 to 1882 * James F. Lipscomb represented Cumberland County, Virginia, Cumberland County from 1869 to 1877 * William P. Lucas represented Louisa County, Virginia, Louisa County from 1874 to 1875 * John W. B. Matthews represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1871 to 1873 * J. B. Miller, Jr. represented Goochland County, Virginia, Goochland County from 1869 to 1871 * Peter G. Morgan (politician), Peter G. Morgan represented Petersburg County, Virginia, Petersburg County from 1869 to 1871 * Frank Moss (Virginia politician), Francis "Frank" Moss representing Buckingham County, Virginia, Buckingham County from 1874 to 1875 (also Senator) * Armistead S. Nickens represented Lancaster County, Virginia, Lancaster County from 1871 to 1875 * Frederick S. Norton represented James City County, Virginia, James City and Williamsburg, Virginia, Williamsburg counties in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1869 to 1871 * Robert Norton (Virginia politician), Robert Norton representing Elizabeth City County, Virginia, Elizabeth City and York County, Virginia, York counties from 1869 to 1872 and from 1881 to 1882 * Alexander Owen (Virginia politician), Alexander Owen represented Halifax County, Virginia, Halifax County from 1869 to 1871 * Littleton Owens represented Princess Anne County, Virginia, Princess Anne County from 1879 to 1882 * Richard G. L. Paige represented Norfolk County, Virginia, Norfolk County from 1871 to 1875 and from 1879 to 1882 * William H. Patterson represented Charles City County, Virginia, Charles City County from 1871 to 1873 * Caesar Perkins represented Buckingham County, Virginia, Buckingham County from 1869 to 1871 and from 1887 to 1888 * Fountain M. Perkins represented Louisa County, Virginia, Louisa County from 1869 to 1871 * John W. Poindexter represented Louisa County, Virginia, Louisa County from 1875 to 1877 * Joseph B. Pope represented Southampton County, Virginia, Southampton County from 1879 to 1880 * Guy Powell represented Brunswick County, Virginia, Brunswick County from 1881 to 1882 (also Senator) * William H. Ragsdale represented Charlotte County, Virginia, Charlotte County from 1869 to 1871 * John H. Robinson (Virginia politician, born 1837), John H. Robinson represented Elizabeth City County, Virginia, Elizabeth City and James City County, Virginia, James City, and York County, Virginia, York counties from 1887 to 1888 * R. D. Ruffin represented Dinwiddie County, Virginia, Dinwiddie County from 1875 to 1876 * Archer Scott represented Amelia County, Virginia, Amelia and Nottoway County, Virginia, Nottoway counties from 1875 to 1877 and from 1879 to 1884 * George L. Seaton represented Alexandria County, Virginia, Alexandria County from 1869 to 1871 * Dabney Smith (Virginia politician), Dabney Smith represented Charlotte County, Virginia, Charlotte County from 1881 to 1882 * Henry D. Smith represented Greensville County, Virginia, Greensville County from 1879 to 1880 * Robert M. Smith (Virginia politician), Robert M. Smith represented Elizabeth City County, Virginia, Elizabeth City and Warwick County, Virginia, Warwick counties from 1875 to 1877 * John B. Syphax represented Arlington County, Virginia, Arlington County from 1874 to 1875 * Henry Turpin represented Goochland County, Virginia, Goochland County from 1871 to 1873 * John Watson (Virginia politician), John Watson represented Mecklenburg County, Virginia, Mecklenburg County in 1869 * Maclin C. Wheeler represented Brunswick County, Virginia, Brunswick County from 1883 to 1884 * Robert H. Whittaker (politician), Robert H. Whittaker or Whitaker represented Brunswick County, Virginia, Brunswick County from 1875 to 1877 * Ellis Wilson (Virginia politician), Ellis Wilson represented Dinwiddie County, Virginia, Dinwiddie County from 1869 to 1871


Virginia Constitutional Convention

* Thomas Bayne (Sam Nixon), Thomas Bayne * John Wesley Cromwell, Clerk of the Virginia Constitutional Convention (1867), Washington D.C. government clerk


Other offices

* P. H. A. Braxton, constable in King William County in 1872, collector at the United States Custom House in Westmoreland County


Washington

Washington did not have any African American legislators during the Reconstruction era. William Owen Bush was the first African American to serve in the Washington state legislature 1889–1891.


West Virginia

West Virginia did not have any African American legislators during the Reconstruction era, Christopher Payne was the first African American to serve in the West Virginia state legislature in 1896.


Wyoming

Wyoming did not have any African American legislators during the Reconstruction era. William Jefferson Hardin was the first African American to serve in the Wyoming state legislature 1879 - 1883.


Washington, D.C.

* Solomon G. Brown, House of Delegates for Washington D.C. (1871-1874), employee at the Smithsonian * John Mercer Langston, appointed member of the Board of Health of the District of Columbia * John H. Smythe, 1872, clerk in the U.S. Census Bureau, clerk in the Treasury department, 1878 ambassador to Liberia * William E. Matthews, clerk in the United States Postal Service in Washington D.C. in 1870, the first black person to receive an appointment in that departmentSimmons, William J., and Henry McNeal Turner. Men of Mark: Eminent, Progressive and Rising. GM Rewell & Company, 1887. p246-251 * Josiah T. Settle, reading clerk of the Washington, D.C. House of Delegates (1872), clerk in the Board of Public Works, as an accountant in the Board of Audits, and as a trustee of the county schools for the district


See also

*List of African-American United States senators *List of African-American United States representatives *List of African-American Republicans * List of African American firsts


References


Further reading


A Brief Biography of John Willis Menard from Southern University's John B. Cade Library
* Richard Bailey (historian), Bailey, Richard. ''Black Officeholders During the Reconstruction of Alabama, 1867-1878'' (Pyramid Publishing
Available from author.
* Richard Bailey (historian), Bailey, Richard. ''Neither Carpetbaggers Nor Scalawags: Black Officeholders During the Reconstruction of Alabama, 1867-1878.'' Montgomery: Richard Bailey Publishers, 1995. * Canter Brown, Jr. ''Florida's Black Public Officials, 1867-1924.'' Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press, 1998. * Eric Foner ed., ''Freedom's Lawmakers: A Directory of Black Officeholders During Reconstruction'' Revised Edition. (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1996). . Between 1865 and 1877, about two thousand blacks held elective and appointive offices in the South. A few are relatively well-known, but most have been obscure and omitted from official state histories. Foner profiles more than 1,500 black legislators, state officials, sheriffs, justices of the peace, and constables in this volume. * John Hope Franklin "John Roy Lynch: Republican Stalwart from Mississippi" in Howard Rabinowitz (ed.), ''Southern Black Leaders of the Reconstruction Era'', (Urbana: 1982) and reprinted in John Hope Franklin, ''Race and History: Selected Essays, 1938-1988'', Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1989 *
Mifflin Wistar Gibbs Mifflin Wistar Gibbs (April 17, 1823 – July 11, 1915) was an American-Canadian politician, businessman, and advocate for Black rights. He became the first Black person elected to public office in British Columbia on November 16, 1866, upon win ...
''Shadow and Light: An Autobiography Autobiography with Reminiscences of the Last and Present Century'', Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1995. * Howard N. Rabinowitz, Rabinowitz, Howard N. ''Southern Black Leaders of the Reconstruction Era'' (University of Illinois Press: 198

Section on "Congressmen" includes profiles of " John R. Lynch: Republican Stalwart from Mississippi" by John Hope Franklin, "James T. Rapier of Alabama and the Noble Cause of Reconstruction" by Loren Schweninger, and "James O'Hara of North Carolina: Black Leadership and Local Government" by Eric Anderson.


External links


African American Legislators in Virginia

Black Legislators in Georgia
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of African-American Officeholders During The Reconstruction Reconstruction Era African-American politicians, Lists of African-American people, Officeholders During Reconstruction History of civil rights in the United States African-American politicians during the Reconstruction Era, *