Libochovice (german: Libochowitz) is a town in

Litoměřice District Litoměřice District ( cs, okres Litoměřice) is one of seven districts (''okres'') located within the Ústí nad Labem Region in the Czech Republic. Its capital is the town of Litoměřice. List of municipalities Bechlín - Bohušovice nad Ohř ...

in the

Ústí nad Labem Region Ústí nad Labem Region or Ústecký Region ( cs, Ústecký kraj, , ), is an administrative unit ( cs, kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western part of the historical land of Bohemia, and named after the capital, Ústí nad La ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...

. It has about 3,400 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

Villages of Dubany and Poplze are administrative parts of Libochovice.

Geography

Libochovice is located about south of

Litoměřice Litoměřice (; german: Leitmeritz) is a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 23,000 inhabitants. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument reservation. The town is the seat ...

. It lies on the

Ohře The Ohře () or, slightly less commonly in English sources, the Eger (, Czech also: ''Oharka'' or ''Ohara'', Celtic: ''Agara'', pl, Ohrza), is a 316 km river in Germany (50 km) and the Czech Republic (266 km), left tributary of ...

river. It is situated in an agricultural landscape of the

Lower Eger Table Lower may refer to: *Lower (surname) *Lower Township, New Jersey *Lower Receiver (firearms) *Lower Wick Lower Wick is a small hamlet located in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It is situated about five miles south west of Dursley, eight ...

History

The first written mention of Libochovice is from 1336, when it was described as a

market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rural ...

with a fortress. In 1560, Libochovice became a town. The first Jews came into the town probably in the second half of the 15th century. From the second half of the 16th century there was a strong Jewish community, but most of them died during

the Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europ ...

, and the community was never renewed after the World War II.

Sights

Libochovice is known for the Libochovice Chateau. It is Rennaisance castle, created by reconstruction of the former Gothic fortress. The castle park was founded in 1686. The Jewish community is reminded of the cemetery, founded in 1583, and of part of the original houses of the Jewish quarter. The synagogue from the second half of the 18th century was demolished in 1985 and is commemorated by a memorial plaque.

Notable people

Jan Evangelista Purkyně Jan Evangelista Purkyně (; also written Johann Evangelist Purkinje) (17 or 18 December 1787 – 28 July 1869) was a Czech anatomist and physiologist. In 1839, he coined the term '' protoplasm'' for the fluid substance of a cell. He was one of ...

(1787–1869), anatomist and physiologist * Ábrahám Lederer (1827–1916), Czech-Hungarian educator and writer * Berta Fanta (1865–1918), intellectual and feminist * Eliška Purkyňová (1868–1933), politician *

Václav Vacek Václav Vacek (11 September 187718 January 1960) was a Czech writer, and a communist politician. He served as a Senator in the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia and after the Prague Uprising as the Mayor of Prague. He was also a founding mem ...

(1877–1960), writer and politician,

Mayor of Prague The office of Mayor of Prague was established in 1784. In that year, under Joseph II Joseph II (German: Josef Benedikt Anton Michael Adam; English: ''Joseph Benedict Anthony Michael Adam''; 13 March 1741 – 20 February 1790) was Holy Roma ...

Josef Kopta Josef Kopta (16 June 1894 in Libochovice, Bohemia – 3 April 1962 in Prague) was a Czech writer and journalist. Before World War I Kopta worked as a bank clerk. In 1914 he was sent to the Eastern front, in 1915 taken prisoner and later joined ...

(1894–1962), writer and journalist

References

External links

*
Libochovice Castle

Article about Libochovice Jews
{{authority control Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in Litoměřice District Shtetls Holocaust locations in Czechoslovakia