Lev Rebet
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Lev Rebet (March 3, 1912 – October 12, 1957) was a Ukrainian political writer and anti-communist during World War II. He was a key cabinet member in the Ukrainian government (backed by Stepan Bandera's faction of
OUN Oun or OUN may refer to People * Ahmed Oun (born '1946), Libyan major general * Ek Yi Oun (1910–2013), Cambodian politician * Kham-Oun I (1885–1915), Lao queen consort * Õun, an Estonian surname; notable people with this surname * Oun Kham (18 ...
) which proclaimed independence on June 30, 1941. For a time, Rebet was the leader of the Ukrainian government.


Early life

Rebet was born in the town of
Stryi Stryi ( uk, Стрий, ; pl, Stryj) is a city located on the left bank of the river Stryi in Lviv Oblast (region) of western Ukraine 65 km to the south of Lviv (in the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains). It serves as the administrative cen ...
, in Western Ukraine to a Ukrainian father and a mother of presumably Jewish origins. His father was a postal official. Rebet was both deeply religious as Greek rite Catholic and very physically active from an early age. He was a member of "
Plast The Plast National Scout Organization of Ukraine ( uk, Пласт Національна Скаутська Організація України, ''Plast Natsionalna Skautska Orhanizatsiia Ukrayiny''), commonly called Ukrainian Plast or simply P ...
", the Ukrainian scout organization.


Political activity


Youth

Rebet joined the Ukrayinska Viyskova Orhanizatsiya - UVO ( Ukrainian Military Organization; ) at age 17. This eventually led to membership in the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, the OUN ().Предтеча української державності. Лев Ребет: політик, вчений, публіцист


Early political career

Rebet became a key writer and thinker in the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, (
OUN Oun or OUN may refer to People * Ahmed Oun (born '1946), Libyan major general * Ek Yi Oun (1910–2013), Cambodian politician * Kham-Oun I (1885–1915), Lao queen consort * Õun, an Estonian surname; notable people with this surname * Oun Kham (18 ...
), quickly rising to the rank of "Holova Krayovoyi Ekzekutyvy" (Regional Commander, ), a post which he held from 1934 to 1938. When the OUN split in 1940 into OUN- Melnyk and OUN-
Bandera Bandera - from a Spanish word meaning a ''flag'' - may refer to: Places * Bandera County, Texas ** Bandera, Texas, its county seat ** Bandera Creek, a river in Texas, with its source near Bandera Pass ** Bandera Pass, a mountain pass in Bandera C ...
, Rebet joined the OUN-Bandera group.


June 30, 1941

On June 30, 1941, when the OUN proclaimed independence in Wehrmacht-occupied Lviv (renamed "Lemberg" until late 1944), Rebet became the deputy prime minister of the Ukrainian government, appointed by the prime minister
Yaroslav Stetsko Yaroslav Semenovich Stetsko (; 19 January 1912 – 5 July 1986) was a Ukrainian politician, writer and Nazi collaborator, who served as the leader of Stepan Bandera's Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), from 1968 until his death. Dur ...
. When Stetsko was arrested, Rebet became acting prime minister of the Government.


Arrest and internment by the Nazis

In August 1941, Rebet was arrested by the Gestapo. He spent the next three years in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Zellenbau – a section where political prisoners were kept.


Publications and assassination

Rebet was very active in exile with publications. He worked as the editor of a number of periodicals. In 1949, he completed his doctoral dissertation and in the 1950s took up research and scholarship in the fields of law, politics and sociology. His major works included "The Formation of the Ukrainian Nation" (1951) and "The Theory of Nations" (1956). He was
assassinated Assassination is the murder of a prominent or important person, such as a head of state, head of government, politician, world leader, member of a royal family or CEO. The murder of a celebrity, activist, or artist, though they may not have a ...
on 12 October 1957 in Munich by a KGB agent,
Bohdan Stashynsky Bohdan Mykolayovych Stashynsky ( uk, Богда́н Микола́йович Сташи́нський, born 4 November 1931) is a former Soviet spy who assassinated the Ukrainian nationalist leaders Lev Rebet and Stepan Bandera in the late 1950s ...
, using a poison atomizer mist gun. After Rebet was assassinated, his widow Daria continued his work. Stashynsky would assassinate Rebet's associate Stepan Bandera by similar means in 1959.


Aftermath

Rebet's death was at first believed to have been from natural causes. However, Stashynsky defected to West Berlin in 1961, voluntarily surrendered and testified to the West German prosecution. Explaining what motivated him to kill Rebet, Stashynsky told a court that he had been told that Rebet was "the leading theorist of the Ukrainians in exile," since "in his newspapers ''Suchasna Ukrayina'' (Contemporary Ukraine), ''Chas'' (Time), and ''Ukrayinska Trybuna'' (Ukrainian Tribune) he not so much provided accounts of daily events as developed primarily ideological issues." According to West German Intelligence chief Reinhard Gehlen,
...Bohdan Stashinskyi, who had been persuaded by his German-born wife Inge to confess to the crimes and take the load off his troubled conscience, stuck resolutely to his statements. His testimony convinced the investigating authorities. He reconstructed the crimes exactly as they had happened, revisiting the crumbling business premises at the Stachus, in the heart of Munich, where Lev Rebet had entered the office of a Ukrainian exile newspaper, his suitcase in his hand. And he showed how the hydrogen cyanide capsule had exploded in Rebet's face and how he had left him slumped over the rickety staircase. The case before the Federal court began on October 8, 1962, and world interest in the incident was revived. Passing sentence eleven days later, the court identified Stashinskyi's unscrupulous employer Shelyepin as the person primarily responsible for the hideous murders, and the defendant -- who had given a highly credible account of the extreme pressure applied to him by the KGB to act as he did -- received a comparatively mild sentence. He served most of it and was released...
In 1984, Associated Press reported that Bohdan and Inge Stashinsky had been given new identities and had been provided asylum by the Government of South Africa.


References


Sources

* Symon Petliura, Yevhen Konovalets, Stepan Bandera - Three Leaders of Ukrainian Liberation Movement murdered by the Order of Moscow. Ukrainian Publishers Limited. 237, Liverpool Road, London, United Kingdom. 1962. (audiobook). * (In Russian) Chuyev, Sergei - Ukrainskyj Legion - Moscow, 2006 * (In Ukrainian) Encyclopedia of Ukraine - Munich, 1973, Vol. 7p. 2475
''The Ukrainian Weekly''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rebet, Lev 1912 births 1957 deaths Assassinated Ukrainian politicians People from Stryi People from the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists Ukrainian people murdered abroad People murdered in Germany Extrajudicial killings Ukrainian anti-communists Ukrainian Jews Jews executed by the Soviet Union Sachsenhausen concentration camp survivors People killed in KGB operations Ukrainian independence activists Soviet emigrants to Germany