Leon Milo (December 10, 1956 - August 31, 2014) is an American composer, percussionist and

sound art Sound art is an artistic activity in which sound is utilized as a primary medium or material. Like many genres of contemporary art, sound art may be interdisciplinary in nature, or be used in hybrid forms. According to Brandon LaBelle, sound art ...

ist. He is known for music and sonic environments in which instruments, electronics, natural sounds and synthesis are unified. His music is internationally recognized.

Biography

Early years

Growing up in the

Hollywood Hills The Hollywood Hills are a residential neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. Geography The Hollywood Hills straddle the Cahuenga Pass within the Santa Monica Mountains. The neighborhood touches Studio City, Univer ...

, Milo had access to the most important artists on the west coast. In his teens, he studied with the renowned drummers Bill Douglass, Charles Flores and Joe Porcaro. At 15 years old, he began studying timpani and orchestral percussion with

William Kraft William Kraft (September 6, 1923 – February 12, 2022) was an American composer, conductor, teacher, timpanist, and percussionist. Biography Early life and education (1923–1954) Kraft was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was awarded two Anton Seid ...

, who introduced him to the classical orchestral repertoire and contemporary music. Milo went on to study with Kraft’s own teacher,

Saul Goodman James Morgan Jimmy McGill, better known by his business name Saul Goodman, is a character created by Vince Gilligan and Peter Gould and portrayed by Bob Odenkirk in the television franchise ''Breaking Bad''. He appears as a major character i ...

, at the

Juilliard School The Juilliard School ( ) is a private performing arts conservatory in New York City. Established in 1905, the school trains about 850 undergraduate and graduate students in dance, drama, and music. It is widely regarded as one of the most elit ...

New York

In 1975, Milo was accepted into the Juilliard School to study timpani and percussion with

and Elden C. “Buster” Bailey. At the same time and also at Juilliard, he began studying composition and contemporary music analysis with Stanley Wolfe, who encouraged him while writing his first pieces. Between 1975 and 1981 he worked in numerous orchestras and ensembles at Juilliard and as a freelance percussionist in New York City and outlying areas. He was percussionist and timpanist in the Greenwich Symphony Orchestra during these years. At Juilliard, he worked with conductors such as

Sixten Ehrling Evert Sixten Ehrling (3 April 1918 – 13 February 2005) was a Swedish conductor and pianist who, during a long career, served as the music director of the Royal Swedish Opera and the principal conductor of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, a ...

, Leonard Bernstein, Georg Solti,

Herbert von Karajan Herbert von Karajan (; born Heribert Ritter von Karajan; 5 April 1908 – 16 July 1989) was an Austrian conductor. He was principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic for 34 years. During the Nazi era, he debuted at the Salzburg Festival, wit ...

, Pierre Boulez and Myung-Whun Chung. Milo also performed at places like

The Kitchen The Kitchen is a non-profit, multi-disciplinary avant-garde performance and experimental art institution located at 512 West 19th Street, between Tenth and Eleventh Avenues in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It was foun ...

, presenting early minimal,

improvised Improvisation is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of impr ...

and aleatoric contemporary music. Attending workshops in the dance studio of

Merce Cunningham Mercier Philip "Merce" Cunningham (April 16, 1919 – July 26, 2009) was an American dancer and choreographer who was at the forefront of American modern dance for more than 50 years. He frequently collaborated with artists of other discipl ...

he was influenced by the ideas of Cunningham and John Cage. Milo received his Master of Music Degree from Juilliard School in 1980.

Israel

In 1981 he was invited to take the position of principal timpanist and percussionist with the Israel Sinfonietta Orchestra, Beer-Sheva. Between 1981 and 1984, he worked with conductors like

Mendi Rodan Mendi Rodan (Hebrew: מנדי רודן) (born 17 April 1929; died 9 May 2009) was an Israeli conductor and educator. Biography Mendi Rodan (Rosenblum) was born in Iaşi, Romania, one of three children of Solomon and Miriam Rosenblum. Mendi began p ...

Jean-Pierre Rampal Jean-Pierre Louis Rampal (7 January 1922 – 20 May 2000) was a French flautist. He has been personally "credited with returning to the Western concert flute, flute the popularity as a solo classical instrument it had not held since the 18th ce ...

Paul Tortelier Paul Tortelier (21 March 1914 – 18 December 1990) was a French cellist and composer. After an outstanding student career at the Conservatoire de Paris he played in orchestras in France and the US before the Second World War. After the war he b ...

Zubin Mehta Zubin Mehta (born 29 April 1936) is an Indian conductor of Western classical music. He is music director emeritus of the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra (IPO) and conductor emeritus of the Los Angeles Philharmonic. Mehta's father was the fou ...

Isaac Stern Isaac Stern (July 21, 1920 – September 22, 2001) was an American violinist. Born in Poland, Stern came to the US when he was 14 months old. Stern performed both nationally and internationally, notably touring the Soviet Union and China, and ...

and

Karsten Andersen Karsten Anker Andersen (16 February 192015 December 1997) was a Norwegian conductor. Life Karsten Andersen was born in Fredrikstad. He graduated from the Oslo Music Conservatory (1938–39) and Accademia Musicale Chigiana (1947). He made his deb ...

. Throughout this period he was a Student of composer Tzvi Avni, who composed the solo percussion piece ''“5 Variations for Mister K.”'' for Milo's Tel-Aviv Museum recital in 1983. Milo played hundreds of concerts with the Israel Sinfonietta Orchestra, the

Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra The Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra (Hebrew: התזמורת הסימפונית ירושלים, ''ha-Tizmoret ha-Simfonit Yerushalayim'') is a major orchestra of Israel. Since the 1980s, the JSO has been based in the Henry Crown Symphony Hall, part of ...

, Tel-Aviv Chamber Orchestra, as well as performing as soloist and in ensembles at the

Israel Festival The Israel Festival ( he, פסטיבל ישראל) is a multidisciplinary arts festival held every spring in Israel. Its center is Jerusalem. The festival operates as a non-profit organization. Some of the shows are offered free. Street performance ...

and at the Tel-Aviv Museum recital series. In 1984 he sent off his music to

Luciano Berio Luciano Berio (24 October 1925 – 27 May 2003) was an Italian composer noted for his experimental work (in particular his 1968 composition ''Sinfonia'' and his series of virtuosic solo pieces titled '' Sequenza''), and for his pioneering work ...

. Berio invited him to

Florence Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany Regions of Italy, region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilan ...

for a meeting and put him in contact with

Leonard Stein Leonard David Stein (December 1, 1916 – June 24, 2004) was a musicologist, pianist, conductor, university teacher, and influential in promoting contemporary music on the American West Coast. He was for years Arnold Schoenberg's assistant, mu ...

in Los Angeles.

Los Angeles

In the summer of 1984, Milo moved back to Los Angeles to work with Leonard Stein. From 1984 to 1989, Milo studied privately with Stein. Stein was Arnold Schoenberg's teaching assistant in the 1940s, an important interpreter of Schoenberg music and director of the Schoenberg Institute ( at the USC). As a Professor, he encouraged generations of composers to develop their own ideas. Among his others students was notably, La Monte Young. A year later, he was accepted to the composer's workshop at the Aspen Music Festival where he studied with Luciano Berio,

Jacob Druckman Jacob Raphael Druckman (June 26, 1928 – May 24, 1996) was an American composer born in Philadelphia. Life A graduate of the Juilliard School in 1956, Druckman studied with Vincent Persichetti, Peter Mennin, and Bernard Wagenaar. In 1949 and 1 ...

Earle Brown Earle Brown (December 26, 1926 – July 2, 2002) was an American composer who established his own formal and notational systems. Brown was the creator of "open form," a style of musical construction that has influenced many composers since� ...

and

Morton Subotnick Morton Subotnick (born April 14, 1933) is an American composer of electronic music, best known for his 1967 composition '' Silver Apples of the Moon'', the first electronic work commissioned by a record company, Nonesuch. He was one of the foun ...

. He began to take part in the LA music scene, first by joining the Independent Composers Association for whom he wrote ''“Antiphon”'' and ''“Hei-Kyo-Ku”''. He played regularly with the Santa Barbara Symphony, Ventura Symphony Orchestra and The San Bernardino Symphony. He performed often at the Monday Evening Concerts with the “XTET” ensemble, which he co-founded. In 1986, after two years of study with Leonard Stein, he was commissioned to write a piece for the

LA Philharmonic The Los Angeles Philharmonic, commonly referred to as the LA Phil, is an American orchestra based in Los Angeles, California. It has a regular season of concerts from October through June at the Walt Disney Concert Hall, and a summer season at th ...

new music ensemble, by the composer in residence

John Harbison John Harris Harbison (born December 20, 1938) is an American composer, known for his symphonies, operas, and large choral works. Life John Harris Harbison was born on December 20, 1938, in Orange, New Jersey, to the historian Elmore Harris Harbi ...

. Milo was accepted as a Composer Fellow at the

Sundance Institute Sundance Institute is a non-profit organization founded by Robert Redford committed to the growth of independent artists. The institute is driven by its programs that discover and support independent filmmakers, theatre artists and composers fr ...

Composer's Lab in 1987.

Paris

Milo moved to Paris with a Fulbright Fellowship for composition in 1989. That year, he studied privately with

Gilbert Amy Gilbert Amy (born 29 August 1936) is a French composer and conductor. Career Born in Paris, Amy entered the Conservatoire de Paris in 1954, where he was taught and influenced by Olivier Messiaen and Darius Milhaud and studied piano with Yvonne Lo ...

and attended master classes at the American School in Fontainebleau with

Tristan Murail Tristan Murail (born 11 March 1947) is a French composer associated with the "spectral" technique of composition. Among his compositions is the large orchestral work ''Gondwana''. Early life and studies Murail was born in Le Havre, France. His fa ...

and

Betsy Jolas Elizabeth Jolas (born 5 August 1926) is a Franco-American composer. Biography Jolas was born in Paris in 1926. Her mother, the American translator Maria McDonald, was a singer. Her father, the poet and journalist Eugene Jolas, founded and edited ...

. In 1990, he received the Nadia and Lily Boulanger grant for composition during which time he wrote a work for large orchestra (Quintrillium) for the Ventura County Symphony Orchestra. The piece was commissioned by Leonard Stein and Betty Freeman. The premier was conducted by Leonard Stein. Also on the program was the Arnold Schoenberg’s Violin Concerto (Op. 36) with Rose Mary Harbison as soloist. In the mid-nineties, he started to work on computer assisted composition, stying studied electronic music at the ateliers UPIC with

Curtis Roads Curtis Roads (born May 9, 1951) is an American composer, author and computer programmer. He composes electronic and electroacoustic music, specializing in granular and pulsar synthesis. Career and music Born in Cleveland, Ohio, Roads studied com ...

and

Gérard Pape Gérard Pape (born April 22, 1955 in Brooklyn, New York) is a composer of electronic music, author, and Lacanian psychologist. He is a former student of David Winkler, George Cacioppo, William Albright, and George Balch Wilson. He became the d ...

. He wrote his first electronic piece ''TimeTexture'' in that period. Milo shares a long artistic partnership with designer/artist

Arik Levy Arik Levy was born in Tel Aviv. An artist and industrial designer, he attended the Art Center Europe in Switzerland where he graduated with distinction in 1991. Levy employs a multi-disciplinary approach in both the art and industrial design fie ...

which began with creating music and sound design for Levy's films in 1995. Following, were numerous collaborations such as Levy's Pompidou Art Center installation, ''Love Counts'' and ''Osmosis'' for the SWAROVSKI CRYSTAL PALACE in Milan. In 1998, he was accepted into the

IRCAM IRCAM (French: ''Ircam, '', English: Institute for Research and Coordination in Acoustics/Music) is a French institute dedicated to the research of music and sound, especially in the fields of avant garde and electro-acoustical art music. It is ...

Curses for composition. Leon Milo composed ''Mexico'' for the Trio d'Argent in 2002 and soon after began developing interactive programming for live performance. He devised many interactive sequences in collaboration with Francois Daudin Clavaud for the Trio d'argent and dancer on tightrope for performances for a contemporary music evening called ''El Horizonte''. In 2005, they played ''El Horizonte'' at the

UNAM The National Autonomous University of Mexico ( es, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM) is a public research university in Mexico. It is consistently ranked as one of the best universities in Latin America, where it's also the bigge ...

for the Festival Musica Y Escena in

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital city, capital and primate city, largest city of Mexico, and the List of North American cities by population, most populous city in North Amer ...

. Leon Milo and Francois Daudin Clavaud later founded ''Interact-Son''., a duo for flute and live electronics. Starting in 1992, he began composing film scores for European film and television. He has worked extensively since then for channels such as Arte, France 2, France 3,

Canal+ Canals or artificial waterways are waterways or engineered channels built for drainage management (e.g. flood control and irrigation) or for conveyancing water transport vehicles (e.g. water taxi). They carry free, calm surface flo ...

, among others. He created music and sound design for the 3D animated short fiction entitled '' “The Last Minute” '', by Nicolas Salis. The film was an ''Official Selection'' at the

Cannes Film Festival The Cannes Festival (; french: link=no, Festival de Cannes), until 2003 called the International Film Festival (') and known in English as the Cannes Film Festival, is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films o ...

in 2004 and won the prize for best music and sound design at the European Short Film Festival FEC Reus in 2005.

Recent work and projects

2005, Milo was commissioned by the Festival Ile de France and the Trio d'Argent to write a piece for 3 percussionists, 3 flutists and live electronics. The composition of the new piece, "TranseSept'', was financed by an award from the SACEM and was premiered in Paris. 2006 Milo was Artist in Residence at the United Sardine Factory in Bergen,

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the ...

. 2007, he was soloist at the Borealis Contemporary Music Festival in Norway. Founded in 2004 Bergen's Borealis Contemporary Music Festival is a significant festival for contemporary music and experimental sound. His work consisted of an 8 hour improvised electronic work based on sounds brought to him by the public. 2007, Susanne Kessel,

pianist A pianist ( , ) is an individual musician who plays the piano. Since most forms of Western music can make use of the piano, pianists have a wide repertoire and a wide variety of styles to choose from, among them traditional classical music, ja ...

and Leon Milo lectronics and percussion) founded ''"PIANOWAVES"''. Their first performances were for the renowned International Beethovenfest in Bonn in that year. His transcription of the song ''I Miss You'' by Björk for piano and electronics was recorded on the Solo CD ''ICELAND'' by Susanne Kessel in 2007 as well. Kessel and Milo also work with other artists such as the American saxophonist Demetrius Spaneas. 2008 they performed together at the Beethoven House, Beethoven-Haus Bonn, which is a concert hall built at the birthplace of

Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classic ...

. In honor of French composer Olivier Messiaen's 100th birthday in 2008, Susanne Kessel conceived a program presented by ''"PIANOWAVES"'' at the International Beethovenfest. For this occasion Milo composed five soundscapes. These works based on various facets of Messian's music and his passions such as nature, religion, birdsong, ethnic percussion and improvisation. Pianowaves - Leon Milo and Susanne Kessel in Germany, 2012

Pianowaves - Leon Milo and Susanne Kessel in Germany, 2012

It is worth mentioning that Milo returned to the Aspen Music Festival in 2008, after having attended composition workshops as a student in 1985. This time he was engaged to be music consultant for live webcast for Medici Arts on ''medici.tv''. In September 2009, Milo and Francois Daudin Clavaud played their interactive performance entitled '' “Sound Gardens”'' numerous times in

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

. Notable performances of the duo ''Interact-Son'' took place at the Festival Musica Y Escena in Mexico City and the Festival Mediarte / Arte y Nuevas Tecnologías in Monterrey. The interactive video shown at the performance was made by Miguel Chevalier. He composed the music for two films featuring

Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...

Economist, Joseph Stiglitz, directed by Jacques Sarasin. ''“Where Is the World Going, Mr. Stiglitz? ”'' a video documentary from 2007, and the TV documentary ''“Around the World with Joseph Stiglitz: Perils and Promises of Globalization”'' (Original title: ''“Le monde selon Stiglitz”'') from 2009, that was produced by

Arte Arte (; (), sometimes stylized in lowercase or uppercase in its logo) is a European public service channel dedicated to culture. It is made up of three separate companies: the Strasbourg-based European Economic Interest Grouping ARTE, plu ...

. 2009, his duo partner, Susanne Kessel, commissioned 12 international composers to write original works for her CD project ''“An Robert Schumann”'' (dedicated to Robert Schumann). Based on the 5th Kreisleriana fantasy of Schumann, Milo composed his ''Fantasie Electroacoustique for R.S. and S.K.'' for Kessel. Other contributing composers were Alex Shapiro, Alvin Lucier, Michael Denhoff,

Ulrike Haage Ulrike Haage (born in Kassel, lives and works in Berlin) is a German pianist and composer, producer for radio plays and a sound artist. Biography The jazz years Ulrike Haage spent her childhood in Ruhr. She grew up listening to the big jazz r ...

, Christoph Israel,

Moritz Eggert Moritz Eggert (born 25 November 1965 in Heidelberg) is a German composer and pianist. Life Moritz Eggert began his studies in piano and composition in 1975 at Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium in Frankfurt (with Wolfgang Wagenhaeuser and Claus Kü ...

, Ivan Sokolov, Mike Lang. 2010, he toured with ''Interact-Son'' throughout

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in Africa, at the request of the Fondation Alliance Française. 2011, ''Interact-Son'' performed at the 7th Festival Présence Électronique presented by Le Groupe de Recherches Musicales. 2012, Milo wrote the original music for a ten-part fiction based on the novel

Pedro Páramo ''Pedro Páramo'' is a novel written by Mexican writer Juan Rulfo about a man named Juan Preciado, who promises his mother on her deathbed to meet Preciado's father for the first time in the town of Comala, only to come across a literal ghost t ...

produced by

Radio France Radio France is the French national public radio broadcaster. Stations Radio France offers seven national networks: * France Inter — Radio France's " generalist" station, featuring entertaining and informative talk mixed with a wide variety o ...

Works

* Shinui - ''for marimba'' (1985), premiered at

Los Angeles Harbor College Los Angeles Harbor College (LAHC) is a public community college in Wilmington, California. It is one of two community colleges serving the South Bay region of Los Angeles. LAHC serves mainly students from Harbor City, Carson, San Pedro, Ga ...

, USA * Trio - ''for clarinet, violin and cello'' (1986) * Antiphon - ''for two flutes, clarinet, bass clarinet, string quartet and piano'' (1986), premiered at Los Angeles Harbor College, conducted by Lucas Richman, commissioned by the Independent Composers Association * Hei-Kyo-Ku - ''soprano and 18 instruments'' (1987), premiered by USC New Music Ensemble, conducted by Donald Crockett, commissioned by Independent Composers Association, Los Angeles. (It was written for the Japan-America Theater where it was performed in March 1987.) * Verset - ''for 10 Instruments'' (1988), premiered by Los Angeles Philharmonic New Music Ensemble, conducted by

David Alan Miller David Alan Miller (born 1961) is a multi-Grammy Award-winning American symphony orchestra conductor, and since 1992, music director of the Albany Symphony Orchestra. Miller served as assistant and associate conductor of the Los Angeles Philharm ...

, commissioned by John and Rose Mary Harbison * Solo for Cello (1990), premiered by Vincent Segal at the American Embassy in Paris * Quintrillium - for large Orchestra (1991), premiered by the Ventura County Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Leonard Stein, commissioned by Leonard Stein and Betty Freeman * TimeTexture - ''for piano and electronics'' (1997), premiered by Gloria Cheng (piano) at Los Angeles Piano Spheres in 1997, commissioned by Los Angeles Piano Spheres, Leonard Stein and Betty Freeman
Leon Milo on the list of composers commissioned by Betty Freeman * Sa! - ''for violin solo and electronics'' (1999), premiered by Nicolas Miribel (violin) at Auditorium St. Germain in Paris in 1999, presented by

* Mexico - ''for flute trio and electronics'' (2002), premiered by Trio d'Argent at the Festival 38eme Rugissants in Grenoble * In The Air - ''for electronics'' (2003), premiered at Gallery Sentou, Paris, commissioned by

* L’Amour en Cage - ''for cello, live electronics and tightrope dancer'' (2004), premiered at Carré Magique in Lannion, France * TranseSept - ''for three flutes, three percussionists and live electronics'' (2005), premiered in Vincennes, near Paris, by Trio d’Argent (Paris) and the trio Sete Portas (Salvador de Bahia) at the Festival Ile de France, commissioned by the SACEM * Stellar Blue - ''for piano and electronics'' (2006), premiered by Susanne Kessel at the Beethoven House in Bonn * Résonances - ''for electronics'' (2006), premiered at Enghien les Bains, commissioned by

* I Miss You - ''Transcription for piano and electronics'' Björk/Milo (2007), commissioned by Susanne Kessel * Birdscape - ''for prerecorded sounds and electronics'' (2008), premiered at the Beethovenfest in Bonn/Germany, performed with Susanne Kessel (Pianist) as PIANOWAVES * Pariscape - ''for prerecorded sounds and electronics'' (2008), premiered at the Beethovenfest in Bonn/Germany, performed with Susanne Kessel as PIANOWAVES * Voicescape - ''for electronics'' (2008), premiered at the Beethovenfest in Bonn/Germany, performed with Susanne Kessel as PIANOWAVES * Sound Gardens - ''for flute, live electronics and interactive video'' (2009), premiered at the Musica Y Escena, Mexico, in collaboration with Francois Daudin Clavaud, interactive video was made by Miguel Chevalier. * Fantasie Electro-Acoustique for R.S. & S.K. - ''for sampled piano solo and electronics'' (2010), commissioned by Susanne Kessel * Huiteme Porte - ''for flute trio and live electronics'' (2012) premiered at the Festival Detours de Babel in Grenoble * Régards - ''for live electronics'' (2012), premiered at Radio France in 2012

Sound installations

* Collaborations with Arik Levy, designer, for Swarovski Crystal Palace, Milan (2009) and at the Slott Gallery, Paris (2010). * Centre Des Arts, (with Arik Levy, designer) Enghein (2007), * Borealis Festival, Bergen (2007). * Jardin de Luxemborg (2007) * «ArtSenat» with Florence Bost Designer, Paris (2007), * Centre Pompidou Paris (2005) * Video et design sonore, avec Nataliya Lyakh Photographe, Fiac Paris (2004) * Gallery Sentou, avec Arik Levy, Designer, Paris (2002) * La Maison Saint Victoire Présentation multimedia, Aix en Provence, France (1996) * Le Musée Archéologique de Saint Romain en Gal, Audioguidage Vienne, France (1994) * Interact-Sound Duo concert with Francois Daudin Clavaud at the Musica y Escena Festival, Mexico City (2009).

Artistic direction

* Music consultant for Medici Arts and Ideale Audience for live streaming broadcast of the Aspen Music Festival, (2008).

External links

*
Milo's Works on soundcloud
*
website of his duo partner Susanne Kessel
*
TV documentary with music by Milo (Video)profile at Beethovenfest.de (german)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Milo, Leon 1956 births Living people 20th-century classical composers American writers about music Aspen Music Festival and School alumni Experimental composers Musicians from Los Angeles 21st-century classical composers American sound artists Juilliard School alumni American classical musicians American male classical composers American classical composers Classical percussionists Classical timpanists Pupils of Jacob Druckman 21st-century American composers 20th-century American composers Classical musicians from California 20th-century American male musicians 21st-century American male musicians