La Nación (Chile)
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''La Nación'' is a
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...
an
newspaper A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports a ...
created in 1917 by
Eliodoro Yáñez Eliodoro Yáñez Ponce de León (May 6, 1860 – July 26, 1932) was a Chilean journalist, lawyer, and politician, and was one of the founders of ''La Nación'' newspaper. He also served several times as minister and as President of the Senate of ...
and presided until 1927 by
Carlos Dávila Carlos Gregorio Dávila Espinoza (September 15, 1887 – October 19, 1955), was a Chilean political figure, journalist, chairman of the Government Junta of Chile in 1932, and secretary general of the Organization of American States (OAS) from 1 ...
. It was a private company until 1927, when it was expropriated by president
Carlos Ibáñez del Campo General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (; 3 November 1877 – 28 April 1960) was a Chilean Army officer and political figure. He served as President twice, first between 1927 and 1931, and then from 1952 to 1958, serving for 10 years in office. T ...
, and since then has remained a state property. Currently it is owned by Empresa Periodística La Nación S.A., which in turn is 69% owned by the State of Chile. Is published by the SA La Nacion newspaper company that also publishes the Official Journal of the Republic of Chile. Company revenues come primarily from sales of the Official Journal and the printing division of the company, and currently the
market share Market share is the percentage of the total revenue or sales in a market that a company's business makes up. For example, if there are 50,000 units sold per year in a given industry, a company whose sales were 5,000 of those units would have a ...
of the newspaper (except ''La Nación Domingo'', the Sunday edition) is marginal, due to its low circulation.


Foundation and expropriation

The newspaper La Nacion was created in 1917 as a way to deliver information and compete with other newspapers of
Santiago Santiago (, ; ), also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas. It is the center of Chile's most densely populated region, the Santiago Metropolitan Region, whose ...
(
El Mercurio ''El Mercurio'' (known online as ''El Mercurio On-Line'', ''EMOL'') is a Chilean newspaper with editions in Valparaíso and Santiago. Its Santiago edition is considered the country's newspaper of record and it is considered the oldest daily in t ...
, Las Ultimas Noticias,
El Diario Ilustrado EL, El or el may refer to: Religion * El (deity), a Semitic word for "God" People * EL (rapper) (born 1983), stage name of Elorm Adablah, a Ghanaian rapper and sound engineer * El DeBarge, music artist * El Franco Lee (1949–2016), American p ...
, among others). According to its founder, Eliodoro Yáñez, should give "priority attention to social problems affecting the population that represents the activity of labor and economic progress." In July 1927, during his
dictator A dictator is a political leader who possesses absolute power. A dictatorship is a state ruled by one dictator or by a small clique. The word originated as the title of a Roman dictator elected by the Roman Senate to rule the republic in times ...
ial regime, General Carlos Ibanez del Campo expropriated the newspaper, which became the medium and official government
spokesman A spokesperson, spokesman, or spokeswoman, is someone engaged or elected to speak on behalf of others. Duties and function In the present media-sensitive world, many organizations are increasingly likely to employ professionals who have receiv ...
. After that, its rightful owner, Eliodoro Yanez, left Chile, remaining in
exile Exile is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons and peoples suf ...
until 1931. Back in his country, its efforts to recover the newspaper La Nacion were in vain and died in 1933, without receiving compensation. Until today the Chilean State has not assumed debt to the descendants of Eliodoro Yáñez, as regards the daily La Nación.


Changes on the Military Regime

The newspaper circulated continuously until September 11, 1973, and six days after the newspaper was operated by the Armed Forces of Chile and was renamed ''La Patria'' (The Fatherland), and later, in 1975, ''El Cronista'' (The Chronist). Only on June 3, 1980 (almost seven years after its last edition), again called ''La Nación'' as such, however, their numbers continued as normal. During the 1980s, La Nación became the official means the government of
Augusto Pinochet Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte (, , , ; 25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean general who ruled Chile from 1973 to 1990, first as the leader of the Military Junta of Chile from 1973 to 1981, being declared President of ...
, on several occasions including various writings and publications of a
propaganda Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded ...
. Also, and imitating the model imposed by the magazine '' Ercilla'', began delivering free books from leading writers.


Government endorsed newspaper of the Concertación

In a fierce defense of the
military government A military government is generally any form of government that is administered by military forces, whether or not this government is legal under the laws of the jurisdiction at issue, and whether this government is formed by natives or by an occup ...
, a day to day, in 12 March 1990, the newspaper changed to a center-left line. 5 and March 6, 1991, La Nacion published in full the "
Rettig Report The Rettig Report, officially The National Commission for Truth and Reconciliation Report, is a 1991 report by a commission designated by Chilean President Patricio Aylwin (from the ''Concertación'') detailing human rights abuses resulting in dea ...
", released by President
Patricio Aylwin Patricio Aylwin Azócar (; 26 November 1918 – 19 April 2016) was a Chilean politician from the Christian Democratic Party, lawyer, author, professor and former senator. He was the first president of Chile after dictator Augusto Pinochet, a ...
on March 4 that year. During the 1990s, the nation will achieve sales soaring at times, especially when it published the results of the
Scholastic Aptitude Test The SAT ( ) is a standardized test widely used for college admissions in the United States. Since its debut in 1926, its name and scoring have changed several times; originally called the Scholastic Aptitude Test, it was later called the Schol ...
(PAA), the
SIMCE The Sistema de Medición de la Calidad de la Educación (Education Quality Measurement System, SIMCE) is a battery of tests used in Chile to measure certain aspects of school curricula. Currently, a state agency, The Agency for Quality of Educatio ...
, or housing subsidies. At present, the results of the
University Selection Test A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...
(PSU, which replaced the PAA) are published by El Mercurio, those in SIMCE by
La Tercera ''La Tercera'' ( es, The Third One), formerly known as ''La Tercera de la Hora'' ('the third of the hour'), is a daily newspaper published in Santiago, Chile and owned by Copesa. It is ''El Mercurio''s closest competitor. ''La Tercera'' is part o ...
, and the housing subsidy by
La Cuarta ''La Cuarta'' ( es, The Fourth One) is a Chilean daily tabloid and part of the Copesa group. The newspaper is famous for its tone and plebeian style of headlining stories. The newspaper began publication on 13 November 1984. On 17 November 201 ...
.


Sebastián Piñera government

In 2009, the then presidential candidate
Sebastián Piñera Miguel Juan Sebastián Piñera Echenique OMCh (; born 1 December 1949) is a Chilean billionaire businessman and politician who served as president of Chile from 2010 to 2014 and again from 2018 to 2022. The son of a Christian Democratic polit ...
, the center-right
Coalition for Change The Coalition for Change was a presidential and parliamentary electoral coalition that groups the supporters of Sebastián Piñera for the 2009-10 Chilean presidential election. Its predecessor was the Alliance for Chile. The constituent parties ...
, showed their displeasure with the coverage that The Nation was the candidate of the
Concertación The Concertación, officially the Concertación de Partidos por la Democracia ( en, Coalition of Parties for Democracy), was a coalition of center-left political parties in Chile, founded in 1988. Presidential candidates under its banner won ...
,
Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle Eduardo Alfredo Juan Bernardo Frei Ruiz–Tagle (; born 24 June 1942) is a Chilean politician and civil engineer who served as president of Chile from 1994 to 2000. He was also a Senator, fulfilling the role of President of the Senate from 2006 ...
, who had become manifest "firmly convinced that the best thing for Chile is to close the newspaper La Nación", In addition to preventing journalists from entering the newspaper to a massive campaign event held in the
Arena Santiago Movistar Arena is a 17,000-seat multi-purpose indoor arena in Santiago, Chile. It is located inside O'Higgins Park, in downtown Santiago. Its main structure was built in 1956, but it remained unfinished and without roof, the roof was installed i ...
. However, after that, Piñera recanted, stating that "The Nation newspaper will be a pluralistic, respectful, and will have a similar status and similar to TVN", which was confirmed after his election by his spokeswoman,
Ena von Baer Ena Anglein von Baer Jahn (born 28 November 1974 sge in Temuco) is a Chilean journalist, political scientist and senator. In December 2009, von Baer lost a very tight race for a seat in the Senate of Chile, Senate. In March 2010 she became Minis ...
. The day I took office Piñera, 11 March 2010, was appointed new directors at the Company Journalistic La Nación SA, all close to the Coalition for Change, Daniel Platovsky (RN), who became president of the board, Cristina Bitar (UDI),
Hernán Larraín Matte Hernán Larraín Matte (born 24 December 1974) is a Chilean lawyer and politician involved in centre-right politics. Larraín is an adjunct professor at the Adolfo Ibáñez University and during Sebastián Piñera's first government (2010–201 ...
(son of Deputy Minister
Hernán Larraín Hernán Larraín Fernández (born September 21, 1947) is a conservative Chilean lawyer, university lecturer, and politician; he served as the Chilean Minister of Justice and Human rights, appointed by president Sebastián Piñera, between 2018 ...
and
Magdalena Matte Magdalena Matte Lecaros (born August 13, 1950) is a Chilean businesswoman and politician. She is member of the Independent Democratic Union (UDI) and was part of Chile's Ministry of Housing and Urban Development under Chile's former President Seb ...
) and Gonzalo Müller (UDI).


Owners

Currently the company is owned daily Empresa Periodística La Nación, a company formed by shares Class A and B. Class B shares (69%) are in the hands of the state. The remaining 31% for Class A shares are mostly owned by the company Colliguay SA composed of three individuals.


References


External links


Official site
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nacion, La (Chile) 1917 establishments in Chile 1973 disestablishments in Chile 1980 establishments in Chile 2010 disestablishments in Chile Defunct newspapers published in Chile Mass media in Santiago Nacion, La Online newspapers with defunct print editions Publications established in 1917 Publications disestablished in 1973 Publications established in 1980 Publications disestablished in 2010 Spanish-language newspapers