Kilgen was a prominent

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builder of

organ Organ may refer to: Biology * Organ (biology), a part of an organism Musical instruments * Organ (music), a family of keyboard musical instruments characterized by sustained tone ** Electronic organ, an electronic keyboard instrument ** Hammond ...

s which was in business from the mid-19th to the mid-20th century.

History

The Kilgen family

The Kilgen family's history of organ making supposedly dates to the 17th century, when Sebastian Kilgen, a French

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, fled

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and took refuge in a German

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near

Durlach Durlach is a borough of the German city of Karlsruhe with a population of roughly 30,000. History Durlach was bestowed by emperor Frederick II on the margrave Hermann V of Zähringen as an allodial possession. It was chosen by the margrave Ch ...

. There he learned organ building from the monks, and built his first organ in 1640. Succeeding generations of Kilgens remained in Durlach and carried on organ building as a family trade.

George Kilgen and Son

George Kilgen was born in Merchingen, Germany in 1821 and apprenticed to the organ builder Louis Voit in Durlach. In 1840, he

emigrated Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanentl ...

to the United States for political reasons and was employed with the

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organ company in

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. He founded his own company there in 1851, and in 1873 relocated to

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, where his company became one of the principal suppliers of church organs to the

Midwestern United States The Midwestern United States, also referred to as the Midwest or the American Midwest, is one of four census regions of the United States Census Bureau (also known as "Region 2"). It occupies the northern central part of the United States. I ...

. George Kilgen's son Charles (1859-1932) was made partner in 1885, and the business was renamed George Kilgen and Son. By the turn of the century, Kilgen and Son had grown to be the largest and most well-known organ company in St. Louis. George Kilgen died in 1902, and Charles Kilgen took over the company and headed it during its most productive years. In 1909, Charles Kilgen purchased the Pfeffer Organ Co. and added it to the company's assets. An organ manufactured and installed in 1916 By Geo. Kilgen and son was installed at St. Stephens Episcopal Church in Douglas Arizona. It is a tubular-pneumatic organ and is still in use to this day.

The Kilgen Church Organ Company

George Kilgen had another son named Henry C. Kilgen (1851-1918). The March 3, 1894 edition of ''Music Trade Review'' identified that Charles O. Kilgen, Henry Kilgen and George J. Kilgen organized the Kilgen Church Organ Company in Chicago, Illinois, with capital of $3,700. Up until this time, it appears Henry Kilgen had been operating independently, having established his own firm in St. Louis, Missouri in the early 1870s. Examples of his work can be found i
Saint Augustine's Cultural Center
(formerly Saint Augustine's Catholic Church) in

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and St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio). Henry Kilgen died on July 29, 1918. Hi
death certificate
identified him as employed at the time by Kilgen and Son of St. Louis, Missouri.

Kilgen Associates/Kilgen Organ Company

Following Charles Kilgen's death, disagreements among his four sons led to the dissolution of the Kilgen and Son firm in 1939. Charles' sons George, Charles, and Alfred Kilgen formed Kilgen Associates, which went bankrupt in 1943. His other son, Eugene, formed the Kilgen Organ Company in St. Louis, with Max Hess as his vice-president and chief engineer. In 1944 it consolidated all of its operations (which had been spread across multiple buildings) into a single new factory building on West Florissant Avenue. At the time it was engaged in producing aircraft components for the

war effort In politics and military planning, a war effort is a coordinated mobilization of society's resources—both industrial and human—towards the support of a military force. Depending on the militarization of the culture, the relative size ...

. The Kilgen Organ Company built some notable organs prior to closing its doors in 1960 due to financial difficulties and labor disputes.

Organs

During the company's early years, Kilgen primarily built and installed

tracker action Tracker action is a term used in reference to pipe organs and steam calliopes to indicate a mechanical linkage between keys or pedals pressed by the organist and the valve that allows air to flow into pipe(s) of the corresponding note. This is ...

pipe organ The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurized air (called ''wind'') through the organ pipes selected from a keyboard. Because each pipe produces a single pitch, the pipes are provided in sets called ''ranks ...

s for small churches in the Midwest. By 1924, over four thousand Kilgen organs had been installed, many of which remain in use today. Some large Kilgen organs were built during this period as well, including the one in the

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and that installed in recent years in the chapel of Ste. Anne de Detroit Catholic Church. Later, the company produced greater numbers of large organs, including the chancel and grand gallery organs at St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York and over 190

theatre organ A theatre organ (also known as a theater organ, or, especially in the United Kingdom, a cinema organ) is a type of pipe organ developed to accompany silent films, from the 1900s to the 1920s. Theatre organs have horseshoe-shaped arrangements o ...

References

Schmitt, Elizabeth Towne. (2000). George Kilgen: The New York years. The Tracker Journal of the Organ Historical Society,44(3),26-31.
Video of the Kilgen organ
at Holy Cross Lutheran Church,

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Article on the aspect of Kilgen theater organ building. Information for this article was gathered by Dale Wood from various sources, including an article by Charles Crook and B. A. Corsini in the Spring 1960 issue of Theatre Organ

Flash player slide show of the Kilgen console and East and West chambers at the St. Joseph and St. Patrick Parish Church in Escanaba, Michigan. Photographs were taken by John Ignatowski, Director of Sacred Music at the St. Joseph and St. Patrick Parish.

Web pages dedicated to the restoratio9n of the eighty-year-old Kilgen Organ. Includes booklet on the building of the organ and the collaboration with the organist at St. Patrick's Cathedral in New York City. {{Theatre Organs Pipe organ building companies Musical instrument manufacturing companies of the United States