Khudoyor Yusufbekov
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Khudoyor Yusufbekovich Yusufbekov (russian: Худоер Юсуфбекович Юсуфбеков, tg, Худоёр Юсуфбеков; December 10, 1928 — November 27, 1990) was a
Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
scientist A scientist is a person who conducts Scientific method, scientific research to advance knowledge in an Branches of science, area of the natural sciences. In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, ...
and organizer of scientific projects and institutes in Pamir. He was a leading scientist who made a significant contribution to the development of biological sciences, whose name is connected with a new direction of the development of plant growing in the arid mountain and
highland Highlands or uplands are areas of high elevation such as a mountainous region, elevated mountainous plateau or high hills. Generally speaking, upland (or uplands) refers to ranges of hills, typically from up to while highland (or highlands) is ...
territory of Pamir-Alay; a prominent specialist in the field of plant growing, plant
introduction Introduction, The Introduction, Intro, or The Intro may refer to: General use * Introduction (music), an opening section of a piece of music * Introduction (writing), a beginning section to a book, article or essay which states its purpose and g ...
and pasture economy, meadow studies,
phyto Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude ...
-
amelioration Amelioration may refer to: * Amelioration patterns, a software design pattern * Amelioration Act 1798, a statute in the Leeward Islands regarding the treatment of slaves * Rapid climatic amelioration, in geology, a major change from glacial to i ...
, and botany, Yusufbekov was a practicing field researcher, figure of higher education, and professor. In 1968, he developed a system for fodder improvement in the Pamir and Alay valleys that was differentiated from the perspective of the ecological and geographical areas and
high-altitude Altitude or height (also sometimes known as depth) is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The exact definition and reference datum varies according to the context ...
zones. He also implemented a system of
arid A region is arid when it severely lacks available water, to the extent of hindering or preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. Regions with arid climates tend to lack vegetation and are called xeric or desertic. Most ar ...
fodder, and proposed methods of cultivation of useful plants in the Pamir area in 1972. In 1970—1975, Khudoyor Yusufbekov developed the
master plan Master Plan, Masterplan or The Master Plan may refer to: General usage *Master Plan East or Generalplan Ost, a 1941–1945 Nazi plan for genocide and ethnic cleansing in Central and Eastern Europe *Master Plan Neighborhood areas in Detroit, urban ...
of reconstruction of the Pamir Botanical Garden. In 1969, he became doctor of the
agricultural sciences Agricultural science (or agriscience for short) is a broad multidisciplinary field of biology that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture. Profession ...
. In 1976, he became an Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1962—1969, he was the director of the Pamir Biological Station; at the same time in 1965—1990, he was the Chairman of the Bureau of the Pamir Base; in 1969—1981, the director of the Pamir Biological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR; in 1981—1986, the rector of the Tajik Agricultural Institute of the Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR; in 1986—1990, the Academician Secretary of the Biological Department of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR. From 1989, he was a Member of the Presidium of Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR. Moreover, he was a state and public figure, the head of the scientific council of the department of biological science of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR and a Member of the coordination council of the department of general
biology Biology is the scientific study of life. It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. For instance, all organisms are made up of cells that process hereditary i ...
of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1987—1990). He was also a fellow of the Geographical Society of the USSR since 1965, Member of the All-Union and Central Asian Councils of the Botanical Gardens of the USSR (1972—1990), Member of the Council on the "Biological Foundations of the Rational Use and Protection of Flora" of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1976—1990), Member of the Council on the "Biological Foundations of the Development of Mountain Territories in Central Asia" (1975—1990), Member of the Council of the All-Union Botanical Society (1976—1990).


Biography


Early life and scientific activity

Khudoyor Yusufbekovich Yusufbekov was born on December 10, 1928, in Pish, a village in Darmorakht subdistrict of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAO) in the
Tajik ASSR The Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Tajik ASSR) (russian: Таджикская Автономная Социалистическая Советская Республика) was an autonomous republic within the Uzbek SSR in the Sovi ...
,
USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
in the family of a kolkhoz member-gardener. He was 10 years old when his mother passed away. After finishing the seventh grade school in his village, he worked as a kolkhoz farmer and as a laborer in the construction of a road (1945—1946). In 1949, he graduated the Kirov secondary school in Khorog, and in 1949—1954, he studied in Tajik Agricultural Institute.During his studies, he showed interest towards scientific activities and actively participated in the work of the scientific circle at the agronomic faculty. Starting from 1954, he began his scientific activities in the Pamir Botanical Garden, where he worked under the supervision of Anatoly Gursky and did research on consolidation and developing of sand and pebble massifs in
Ishkashim District Ishkashim District ( ps, ولسوالی اشکاشم; prs, ولسوالی اشکاشکم) is one of the 28 districts of Badakhshan Province in eastern Afghanistan. The border town of Ishkashim (also: Eshkashem, Ashkāsham; ps, اشکاشم) ...
, as well as work over developing the collections and production nurseries in the Pamir Botanical Garden. In 1956, Khudoyor Yusufbekov performed his first experiments on the meadow formation of the desert
pasture Pasture (from the Latin ''pastus'', past participle of ''pascere'', "to feed") is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep, or swine ...
s on the West Pamir.


Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of Tajik SSR

In 1957 he began his full-time
post-graduate study Postgraduate or graduate education refers to academic or professional degrees, certificates, diplomas, or other qualifications pursued by post-secondary students who have earned an undergraduate (bachelor's) degree. The organization and struc ...
at the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of Tajik SSR in the city of Dushanbe under the supervision of professor Ivan Tsatsenkin (
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
, the Williams All-Union Institute of Fodder) and pursued further his research on meadow formation of the mountainous deserted lands (slopes) in the Western Pamirs. After his graduation from the institute, he continued to work therein as a junior scientific worker. While working on further investigations of the Pamirs, he started the first experiments of improving the pastures in the central parts of
Tajikistan Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷикистон, Tojikiston; russian: Таджикистан, Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Centr ...
( Kondara and Rangontay). During these years, Khudoyor Yusufbekov formulated and experimentally proved methods of creating highly productive
forage Forage is a plant material (mainly plant leaves and stems) eaten by grazing livestock. Historically, the term ''forage'' has meant only plants eaten by the animals directly as pasture, crop residue, or immature cereal crops, but it is also used m ...
lands by means of different types of
irrigation Irrigation (also referred to as watering) is the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow Crop, crops, Landscape plant, landscape plants, and Lawn, lawns. Irrigation has been a key aspect of agriculture for over 5,00 ...
systems for sowing grasses without disturbance of natural vegetation. The results of such investigations and tests introduced into the kolkhoz farm production of the
Shughnan Shighnan, also Shignan, Shugnan, Shughnan, and Khughnan ( tg, Шигнон, fa, شغنان, Pashto: ), is an historic region whose name today may also refer to a town and a district in Badakhshan Province in the mountainous northeast of Afghani ...
and Ishkashim districts of the
GBAO Gorno-Badakhshan, officially the Badakhshan Mountainous Autonomous Region,, abbr. / is an autonomous region in eastern Tajikistan, in the Pamir Mountains. It makes up nearly forty-five percent of the country's land area, but only two perce ...
in large areas were the basis of the
master's thesis A thesis ( : theses), or dissertation (abbreviated diss.), is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.International Standard ISO 7144: ...
defended by him in 1961.


Pamir Biological Station of the Academy of Sciences of Tajik SSR in Chechekty near Murghab

In 1962—1969, he was the director of the Pamir Biological Station of the Academy of Sciences of Tajik SSR, in the location of Chechekty (3860 meters above sea level) near MurghabEast Pamir,In 1963, he was awarded the academic title of senior researcher in the field of land reclamation and irrigated agriculture. In 1966, he joined the ranks of members of the CPSU. at the same time in 1965, he was elected the Chairman of the Bureau of the Pamir Base of the Academy of Sciences of Tajik SSR. During the working period at the biostation, he launched experimental work on improvement of pastures and hayfields in all areas of the GBAO, as well as the Alay Valley of the Kirghiz SSR. Under his leadership at the Pamir Biostation in 1964, three
laboratories A laboratory (; ; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratory services are provided in a variety of settings: physicia ...
were created: *
physiology Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical ...
and
biochemistry Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology and ...
of plants; *
introduction Introduction, The Introduction, Intro, or The Intro may refer to: General use * Introduction (music), an opening section of a piece of music * Introduction (writing), a beginning section to a book, article or essay which states its purpose and g ...
of plants; *
experiment An experiment is a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried. Experiments provide insight into Causality, cause-and-effect by demonstrating what outcome oc ...
al geo
botany Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek w ...
. The scientific research activity of the biostation (the beginning of manifestation of the scientific and organizational abilities of Khudoyor Yusufbekov) acquired a complex character. Here, along with the problems of ecological
physiology Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical ...
and
biochemistry Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology and ...
of plants initiated by Professor Oleg Zalensky, further studies were carried out on experimental geobotanics,
phyto Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude ...
-
amelioration Amelioration may refer to: * Amelioration patterns, a software design pattern * Amelioration Act 1798, a statute in the Leeward Islands regarding the treatment of slaves * Rapid climatic amelioration, in geology, a major change from glacial to i ...
,
soil Soil, also commonly referred to as earth or dirt, is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life. Some scientific definitions distinguish ''dirt'' from ''soil'' by restricting the former te ...
studies,
microorganism A microorganism, or microbe,, ''mikros'', "small") and ''organism'' from the el, ὀργανισμός, ''organismós'', "organism"). It is usually written as a single word but is sometimes hyphenated (''micro-organism''), especially in olde ...
s,
climatology Climatology (from Greek , ''klima'', "place, zone"; and , '' -logia'') or climate science is the scientific study of Earth's climate, typically defined as weather conditions averaged over a period of at least 30 years. This modern field of stud ...
, and the issues of
crop cultivation Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating Plant, plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of Sedentism, sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of Domestication, domesticated species created food ...
in the Eastern Pamirs. During the years of his work, the number of employees and the volume of scientific
research Research is "creativity, creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular att ...
significantly increased, which had a positive effect on the activities of the biostation. The traditions of the biostation laid by Pavel Baranov, Ilariya Raikova,. Oleg Zalensky and Kirill Stanyukovich found a decent continuation in the activities of Khudoyor Yusufbekov. During his work at the Pamir Biostation, Khudoyor Yusufbekov strengthened the material and technical base of the biological station with trucks, laboratory equipment, and chemical reagents in order to improve the conditions of the Pamir expeditionary survey and continued to improve methods for improving the desert and
steppe In physical geography, a steppe () is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes. Steppe biomes may include: * the montane grasslands and shrublands biome * the temperate grasslands, ...
pasture Pasture (from the Latin ''pastus'', past participle of ''pascere'', "to feed") is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep, or swine ...
s of the Pamir-Alay, by studying the structure of vegetation, and the topographical and ecological conditions of high-mountain pastures in a wide geographical and high-altitude range. As a result, he developed a system of improving the feeding grounds of the
Pamirs The Pamir Mountains are a mountain range between Central Asia and Pakistan. It is located at a junction with other notable mountains, namely the Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, Hindu Kush and the Himalaya mountain ranges. They are among the world' ...
and the Alay Valley, differentiated by eco-geographical regions and high-altitude belts, and presented the findings in the form of a
monograph A monograph is a specialist work of writing (in contrast to reference works) or exhibition on a single subject or an aspect of a subject, often by a single author or artist, and usually on a scholarly subject. In library cataloging, ''monograph ...
published in 1968. In 1968, Khudoyor Yusufbekov was elected a Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR. In 1969, the monograp
«Улучшение пастбищ и сенокосов Памира и Алайской долины» ("Improvement of pastures and hayfields of the Pamir and Alai Valley")
was presented as a thesis (
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
, the Williams All-Union Feed Institute), which Khudoyor Yusufbekov successfully defended to receive the
degree Degree may refer to: As a unit of measurement * Degree (angle), a unit of angle measurement ** Degree of geographical latitude ** Degree of geographical longitude * Degree symbol (°), a notation used in science, engineering, and mathematics ...
of Doctor of Agricultural Sciences.


Pamir Biological Institute

In October 1968, the President of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Mstislav Keldysh Mstislav Vsevolodovich Keldysh (russian: Мстисла́в Все́володович Ке́лдыш; – 24 June 1978) was a Soviet mathematician who worked as an engineer in the Soviet space program. He was the academician of the Academy o ...
arrived in the Pamirs and visited the Pamir Botanical Garden. He was accompanied by the
Chairman The chairperson, also chairman, chairwoman or chair, is the presiding officer of an organized group such as a board, committee, or deliberative assembly. The person holding the office, who is typically elected or appointed by members of the grou ...
of the Council of Ministers of the Tajik SSR , the President of the academy of the Tajik SSR,
Muhammad Osimi Muhammad Asimi (September 1, 1920 – July 29, 1996), was a Soviet and Tajik philosopher, soldier, poet, and academic. Born in Khujand, Asimi graduated from Samarkand State University (1941). In 1990 he founded the Payvand (Пайванд) Societ ...
, and the First Secretary of the Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast Committee of the Communist Party of Tajikistan, . Khudoyor Yusufbekov reported in details history of Pamir study to the high-ranking guests, about its natural resources, about the problems that needed to be solved in the field of biology, agriculture and, at the end, having justified the question of the necessity of creating a biological institute in the Pamirs, he asked the support of Mstislav Keldysh in consideration and resolution of this issue in Moscow. With the expansion and deepening of research at the Pamir Biological station, as well as growth of the number of scientific staff and taking into account the unique conditions in Pamir and in order to coordinate all studies related to the arid mountain areas, he stressed out the importance of this. Soon, the president of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR, Muhammad Osimi, and Khudoyor Yusufbekov were invited to Moscow to participate in the discussion of the establishment of a biological institute. At a joint meeting of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the USSR State Committee on Science and Technology, the issue was resolved positively. In 1969, all the
biological Biology is the scientific study of life. It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field. For instance, all organisms are made up of cells that process hereditary in ...
agencies of Pamir such as the Pamir Biological Station in the Eastern Pamir (3860 m above sea level), Pamir Botanical Garden near the town of Khorugh (2320 m above sea level), and the outpost in Ishkashim (2600 m above sea level) were combined by Khudoyor Yusufbekov into the Pamir Biological Institute, the first director of which he became after its foundation (1969—1981). Currently, the institute is named after him (1992). Khudoyor Yusufbekov's scientific and organizational abilities were revealed at the post of director of the institute. Along with scientific work, he also led a great deal of organizational activity. He determined the structure of the units of the Institute. Along with the traditional lines of research, he started scientific works on
zoology Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...
,
genetics Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Hartl D, Jones E (2005) It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar wor ...
plant breeding Plant breeding is the science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics. It has been used to improve the quality of nutrition in products for humans and animals. The goals of plant breeding are to produce cro ...
, and
nature protection Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. Although humans are p ...
. In 1970—1975, Khudoyor Yusufbekov developed a scheme for the
master plan Master Plan, Masterplan or The Master Plan may refer to: General usage *Master Plan East or Generalplan Ost, a 1941–1945 Nazi plan for genocide and ethnic cleansing in Central and Eastern Europe *Master Plan Neighborhood areas in Detroit, urban ...
for development of the Anatoly Gursky Pamir Botanical Garden. To develop the scientific base, expand the areas of the
botanical garden A botanical garden or botanic gardenThe terms ''botanic'' and ''botanical'' and ''garden'' or ''gardens'' are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word ''botanic'' is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens, an ...
and preserve typical biological objects, more than 600 hectares of land in the vicinity of the botanical garden were obtained. In addition, 19 hectares of irrigated lands were connected to the territory of the garden, on the basis of which experimental sections of the Institute's units were organized. During the years of Khudoyor Yusufbekov's direct leadership (since 1965 till September 1990) of the fruit growing laboratory, situated at the
altitude Altitude or height (also sometimes known as depth) is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum and a point or object. The exact definition and reference datum varies according to the context ...
of 2700–3500 m, the area dedicated to the collection of global
flora Flora is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous) native plants. Sometimes bacteria and fungi are also referred to as flora, as in the terms '' gut flora'' or '' skin flora''. E ...
increased by 7 times, and the collection itself increased by 10 times, up to 4000 species and subspecies. The collections of plants in the garden are arranged according to geographical principles, and the irrigated territory is divided into 5 floristic departments:
Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ...
and
East Asia East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The modern states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. China, North Korea, South Korea and ...
,
Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
and the
Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range, have historically ...
,
North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
, the
Himalayas The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 ...
, and the Hindu Kush. Inside the departments, the plants are arranged in generic complexes, taking into account ecological features of the species. In accordance with specifics of the objects of research in the garden, three groups were formed: dendrology,
fodder Fodder (), also called provender (), is any agriculture, agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as cattle, domestic rabbit, rabbits, sheep, horses, chickens and pigs. "Fodder" refers particularly to food g ...
and
medicinal plants Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various functions, including defense and protection ag ...
, and floriculture. The main task of the Pamir Botanical Garden was the introduction of plants. It exchanged seeds of highland flora and planting material with 112 gardens inside the
USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
and 118 gardens from 39 major botanical centers of
Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
(
East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state ...
,
West Germany West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 O ...
,
Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...
,
Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Danish Realm, Kingdom of Denmark ...
, the
Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
,
Czechoslovakia , rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 ...
),
North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...
(
Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...
and the
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
), and other countries of the world. In 1972, a pumping station was built, thanks to which the waters of the river Shahdara raised to a height of 180 m. This enabled expanding the irrigated territory from 22 to 118 hectares at an altitude of 2140–2360 m, by over 5 times. The area of 4 floristic departments increased by 2 — 4 times. A
laboratory A laboratory (; ; colloquially lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed. Laboratory services are provided in a variety of settings: physicia ...
, residential buildings, and the road and irrigation systems inside the garden of the Institute were built. In Darvaz, a support center for introduction and acclimatization of subtropical and citrus plants in an 8 hectare area. Initiated in 1975 under his leadership, the experiments on introduction of citrus and other subtropical cultures in Darvaz proved the prospects for development of citrus cultivation in the Kalayikhumb district of the
GBAO Gorno-Badakhshan, officially the Badakhshan Mountainous Autonomous Region,, abbr. / is an autonomous region in eastern Tajikistan, in the Pamir Mountains. It makes up nearly forty-five percent of the country's land area, but only two perce ...
. At the Julius Fučík Sovkhoz (state farm), a lemon orchard was planted on a 1 hectare area, as well as pomegranate and fig gardens on 8 hectares. To the same extent, studies of shape diversity and distribution of sea buckthorn were successfully launched in 1976. Several forms of low-thorned sea buckthorn with high oil content were identified. Expediency of cultivating sea buckthorn on pebbles in
floodplain A floodplain or flood plain or bottomlands is an area of land adjacent to a river which stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls, and which experiences flooding during periods of high discharge.Goudi ...
s of Pamir rivers was proved. Khudoyor Yusufbekov's scientific interests covered a wide range of issues related to study of the nature of the Pamirs. Along with solving the problem of improving
pasture Pasture (from the Latin ''pastus'', past participle of ''pascere'', "to feed") is land used for grazing. Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland, grazed by domesticated livestock, such as horses, cattle, sheep, or swine ...
s, he collected significant material on protection, restoration and purposeful reconstruction of the
vegetation Vegetation is an assemblage of plant species and the ground cover they provide. It is a general term, without specific reference to particular taxa, life forms, structure, spatial extent, or any other specific botanical or geographic character ...
of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. In the monograph "Растительность Западного Памира и опыт её реконструкции" ("The Vegetation of the Western Pamirs and the Experience of Its Reconstruction"), written jointly by , the Pamirs' territorial resources were analyzed, and he introduced the concept of a testing ground for
land development Land development is the alteration of landscape in any number of ways such as: * Changing landforms from a natural or semi-natural state for a purpose such as agriculture or housing * Subdividing real estate into lots, typically for the purpose ...
(полигон мелиорации) of the Western Pamir. In that ground, he singled out 12 classes of land and provided valid recommendations for economic development of each of them. In the monograph, the model of the development of the Pamir, developed by Khudoyor Yusufbekov, is presented in the most complete form. Its constituent elements were the issues of complex vegetation reconstruction on
sand Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is defined by its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a textural class of s ...
y
slope In mathematics, the slope or gradient of a line is a number that describes both the ''direction'' and the ''steepness'' of the line. Slope is often denoted by the letter ''m''; there is no clear answer to the question why the letter ''m'' is use ...
s and pebbles, furrowless watering on steep rocky slopes, reconstruction of vegetation of ancient terraces, mudflow cones of erosion, etc. Mountain slopes that had been eroded were supposed to be used in particular for orchards and meadowing between the plants by sowing perennial legumes. The scheme for reconstructing the vegetation of eroded slopes was not only developed, but also successfully tested in Shugnan, Rushan and
Ishkashim district Ishkashim District ( ps, ولسوالی اشکاشم; prs, ولسوالی اشکاشکم) is one of the 28 districts of Badakhshan Province in eastern Afghanistan. The border town of Ishkashim (also: Eshkashem, Ashkāsham; ps, اشکاشم) ...
s of the
GBAO Gorno-Badakhshan, officially the Badakhshan Mountainous Autonomous Region,, abbr. / is an autonomous region in eastern Tajikistan, in the Pamir Mountains. It makes up nearly forty-five percent of the country's land area, but only two perce ...
. Recommendations for the integrated reconstruction of vegetation on sands and gravels also found wide application in production. From just 1965 to 1980, the Gorno-Badakhshan forest organizarton created poplar and apricot plantations on an area of 1500 hectares. In the following years, planting works on blown sands and rocky terrain were conducted annually across an area of 300–350 hectares. The main ideas and methods related to the plant development of the Pamirs were described by Khudoyor Yusufbekov in addition to the previously published works in the monograph
"Методы возделывания полезных растений на Памире" ("Methods of cultivating useful plants in the Pamirs", 1972), "Терескен на Памире" ("Teresken in the Pamirs", 1972), "Pamir" (1973)
and in numerous brochures, collections and articles. At present more than 300 scientific works have been published. A lot of work was done to prepare and grow the scientific staff of the Institute, taking into account the specific difficulties and the remoteness of the Pamirs from major scientific centers. By the end of 1975, the Pamir Biological Institute staff numbered over 100 people, of which 45 were researchers.
Scientist A scientist is a person who conducts Scientific method, scientific research to advance knowledge in an Branches of science, area of the natural sciences. In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, ...
s from other regions of the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
were invited to work at the Institute, and concrete measures were taken to train personnel on the ground through postgraduate study and competition. During the period of the leadership of Khudoyor Yusufbekov, two
doctoral A doctorate (from Latin ''docere'', "to teach"), doctor's degree (from Latin ''doctor'', "teacher"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism ''li ...
and more than 30
candidate A candidate, or nominee, is the prospective recipient of an award or honor, or a person seeking or being considered for some kind of position; for example: * to be elected to an office — in this case a candidate selection procedure occurs. * t ...
dissertations A thesis (plural, : theses), or dissertation (abbreviated diss.), is a document submitted in support of candidature for an academic degree or professional qualification presenting the author's research and findings.International Standard Int ...
were defended by just the staff of the biostation and the institute alone. At the same time, communication with many research institutes of the USSR Academy of Sciences was established: Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy (IAE), the Institute of Botany, the Pavlovsky Institute of Zoology and Parasitology of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR, and other scientific research institutes of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Khudoyor Yusufbekov's love for the nature of the Pamirs and his concern for the preservation of the natural environment and scientific history of the Pamirs also manifested in the fact that under his leadership the Museum "The Nature of the Pamir" was organized. Later, even when he was the rector of the Tajik Agricultural Institute, he continued to take an interest in the work and development of the museum, which is now very popular among visitors, including foreigners. Khudoyor Yusufbekov, wherever he worked, created museums in which it was possible to get acquainted with the history and achievements of science in a visual form. He believed that all this served the birth of innovative
research Research is "creativity, creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular att ...
and the continuation of scientific development in the
future The future is the time after the past and present. Its arrival is considered inevitable due to the existence of time and the laws of physics. Due to the apparent nature of reality and the unavoidability of the future, everything that currently ...
.


Tajik Agricultural Institute

In May 1981, Khudoyor Yusufbekov was transferred to work in Dushanbe at the post of rector of the Tajik Agricultural Institute of the Main Administration of Agricultural Higher Educational Institutions of the Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR (1981—1986).. Here he paid much attention to development of research work at the departments and attraction of the students to the scientific research activities in the scientific and student councils. He systematically organized
conference A conference is a meeting of two or more experts to discuss and exchange opinions or new information about a particular topic. Conferences can be used as a form of group decision-making, although discussion, not always decisions, are the main p ...
s,
meeting A meeting is when two or more people come together to discuss one or more topics, often in a formal or business setting, but meetings also occur in a variety of other environments. Meetings can be used as form of group decision making. Defini ...
s, and
symposium In ancient Greece, the symposium ( grc-gre, συμπόσιον ''symposion'' or ''symposio'', from συμπίνειν ''sympinein'', "to drink together") was a part of a banquet that took place after the meal, when drinking for pleasure was acc ...
s on many aspects of
agricultural science Agricultural science (or agriscience for short) is a broad multidisciplinary field of biology that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture. Profession ...
. The educational base of the Institute was strengthened so the students would master practical skills in solving specific production issues; for that, new
education Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty. Va ...
al facilities based on the sovkhoz "Yavan-2" of the Yavan district were organized. Khudoyor Yusufbekov made significant efforts to complete the construction of a new building of the zoological engineering faculty, which was completed in 1987. Khudoyor Yusufbekov organized new departments for the preparation of highly qualified specialists of fruit and wine growing, a laboratory for collective use of scientific devices at the agronomic faculty, a laboratory of computing machinery at the faculty of
economics Economics () is the social science that studies the Production (economics), production, distribution (economics), distribution, and Consumption (economics), consumption of goods and services. Economics focuses on the behaviour and intera ...
, and three new chairs at the institute. Under him, entrance examinations using computers were held for the first time, he also created a museum dedicated to the history of the Institute. As an specialist in the
introduction Introduction, The Introduction, Intro, or The Intro may refer to: General use * Introduction (music), an opening section of a piece of music * Introduction (writing), a beginning section to a book, article or essay which states its purpose and g ...
of new species, Khudoyor Yusufbekov made an optimal decision to reconstruct and place green spaces on the territory adjacent to the institute. He conducted teaching activities at the department of agriculture, lectured at the course "Meadow Fodder Production" for students. He was the Chairman of the specialized scientific councils for protection of Ph.D. theses on specialties "Plant Growing" and "Selection and Seed Farming". While he had this job, Khudoyor Yusufbekov still continued to conduct scientific management of the subjects of research of the Pamir Botanical Garden and the laboratory of high-altitude fruit growing, as well as supervising the work of the graduate students.


The Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR

Khudoyor Yusufbekov was the Academician Secretary of the Biological Department of the Academy of Sciences of Tajik SSR (1986—1990). He had a wide range of scientific interests in the field of biology. The Biological department of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR was one of its subunits. It consisted of scientific instituts devoted to biology-related issues like:
botany Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek w ...
,
zoology Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...
and
parasitology Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. As a biological discipline, the scope of parasitology is not determined by the organism or environment in question but by their way of life. This means it fo ...
(the institute was named after academician
Yevgeny Pavlovsky Yevgeny Nikanorovich Pavlovsky (russian: Евге́ний Никано́рович Павло́вский ; 22 February (N.S. 5 March) 1884, today's Voronezh Oblast – 27 May 1965, Leningrad) was a Soviet zoologist, entomologist, academician of ...
),
physiology Physiology (; ) is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical ...
and biophysics of plants,
gastroenterology Gastroenterology (from the Greek gastḗr- “belly”, -énteron “intestine”, and -logía "study of") is the branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders. The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract ...
, general
genetics Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Hartl D, Jones E (2005) It is an important branch in biology because heredity is vital to organisms' evolution. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian friar wor ...
and safety, and rational utilization of
natural resource Natural resources are resources that are drawn from nature and used with few modifications. This includes the sources of valued characteristics such as commercial and industrial use, aesthetic value, scientific interest and cultural value. O ...
s. The Pamir Biological Institute, later named after Khudoyor Yusufbekov himself, was also included here. In 1989, he became the Member of the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR. On his initiative, being at the same time the chairman of the Pamir scientific research base and a Member of the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR, the Department of Pamir Studies from the
Rudaki Rudaki (also spelled Rodaki; fa, رودکی; 858 – 940/41) was a Persian poet, singer and musician, who served as a court poet under the Samanids. He is regarded as the first major poet to write in New Persian. Said to have composed more than ...
Institute of Language and Literature was relocated to Khorog from Dushanbe; the Department of Social and Economic Research of the Pamir Research Base in the Pamirs was established, later on the basis of these two departments after his death (11/27/1990), in 1991 the Institute of Humanities in the Pamirs was establishedIn Khorog, academician Kh. Yu. Yusufbekov, during his lifetime, organized the provision of apartments for all researchers from the city of Dushanbe. His plans included, in addition to the creation of the Institute of Humanities, to create an Institute of Glaciology and an Institute of Mathematics in the Pamirs. His organizational skills, authority, close scientific relations with many scientific
research institute A research institute, research centre, research center or research organization, is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often i ...
s of the USSR, the potential of scientists of the local Pamiris and others in the republic — in the Soviet Union, for that period of history would allow him to put all this into practice.


Death

In 1990, Khudoyor Yusufbekovich Yusufbekov fell sick, passing away at the
Dushanbe Dushanbe ( tg, Душанбе, ; ; russian: Душанбе) is the capital and largest city of Tajikistan. , Dushanbe had a population of 863,400 and that population was largely Tajik. Until 1929, the city was known in Russian as Dyushambe (r ...
hospital A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialized health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emerge ...
No. 4 on November 27 of that year. On the request of the leadership of the Tajik SSR and the Academy of Science of the Tajik SSR, his body had been transported by plane to the town of Khorog where he was buried in the Pamir Botanical Garden, on the top of the highest hill.


Awards and honors

* Honorary Diploma of the
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (russian: Президиум Верховного Совета, Prezidium Verkhovnogo Soveta) was a body of state power in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).Tajik SSR (No. 32346, 1964), * Medal "For Labour Valour" (No. 149044, 1966), * Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (No. 1041386, 1970), *
Medal A medal or medallion is a small portable artistic object, a thin disc, normally of metal, carrying a design, usually on both sides. They typically have a commemorative purpose of some kind, and many are presented as awards. They may be int ...
Exhibition of Achievements of the National Economy of the
USSR The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
(1970), *
Bronze medal A bronze medal in sports and other similar areas involving competition is a medal made of bronze awarded to the third-place finisher of contests or competitions such as the Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, etc. The outright winner receive ...
of the
Exhibition of Economic Achievements An exhibition, in the most general sense, is an organized presentation and display of a selection of items. In practice, exhibitions usually occur within a cultural or educational setting such as a museum, art gallery, park, library, exhibition ...
"For Achievements in the Development of the National Economy of the USSR" (No. 38626, 1972), *
Sergey Vavilov Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov (russian: Серге́й Ива́нович Вави́лов) ( – January 25, 1951) was a Soviet physicist, the President of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union from July 1945 until his death. His elder broth ...
Medal (1974), * The
Diplom A ''Diplom'' (, from grc, δίπλωμα ''diploma'') is an academic degree in the German-speaking countries Germany, Austria, and Switzerland and a similarly named degree in some other European countries including Albania, Bulgaria, Belarus ...
a of the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR (1976), *
Order of the Red Banner of Labour The Order of the Red Banner of Labour (russian: Орден Трудового Красного Знамени, translit=Orden Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni) was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to th ...
(No. 1042386, 1981), * The title of "Honored Worker of Science of the Tajik SSR" for his services in the development of agricultural science, the study of the nature of the Pamirs (23.11.1978), * Thanksgiving letter of the
Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (russian: Орден Ленина, Orden Lenina, ), named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration b ...
of the All-Union Society "Knowledge" of the USSR (
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
, December 28, 1984, No. 65281), * Honorary Diploma of the Youth League of
Tajikistan Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷикистон, Tojikiston; russian: Таджикистан, Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Centr ...
for fruitful work on the communist education of the younger generation (1985), * Awarded the State Abu Ali ibn Sina Prize of the Tajik SSR and the title of laureate of the Abu Ali ibn Sina Award for the series of works "Improvement of Pastures and Hayfields of the
Pamirs The Pamir Mountains are a mountain range between Central Asia and Pakistan. It is located at a junction with other notable mountains, namely the Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, Hindu Kush and the Himalaya mountain ranges. They are among the world' ...
and Alay Valley and Plant Cultivation of the Pamir Mountain Territories" (1989).


Member of scientific councils, societies, commissions, editorial boards of scientific journals and participation in international congresses, conferences, seminars and meetings

He participated in the work of all-Union, republican scientific councils and editorial boards of scientific journals: * Member of the Coordination Council of the General Biology Department of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1987—1990). * Member of the All-Union and Central Asian Councils of the Botanical Gardens of the USSR (1972—1990). * Member of the Council on the "Biological Foundations of the Rational Use and Protection of Flora" of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1976—1990). * Member of the Council on the "Biological Foundations of the Development of Mountain Territories in Central Asia" (1975—1990). * Member of the Council of the All-Union Botanical Society (1976—1990). * Chairman of the Council for the Coordination of Scientific Activities of the Department of Biological Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR (1987–1990). * Fellow of the Geographical Society of the USSR (1965—1990). * Participated in the XII International Congress on Meadow Cultivation in Moscow (1974). * Participated in the XIX International Congress on Gardening in
Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...
, representing the Soviet science abroad (1974). * Member of the Organizing Committee of the 4th All-Union Conference on the Study and Development of Flora and Highland Vegetation (Dushanbe, June 1968The meeting was held in Dushanbe, Central Asia, at the Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR from the 20th to the 25th June, 1968, and over 150 specialists took part in the meeting representing scientific botanical organizations from 9 Soviet Republics.). * Together with the staff of the
State Committee for Science and Technology The State Committee for Science and Technology (Gosudarstvennyi Komitet po Nauke i Tekhnike—GKNT) was an influential committee established in the Soviet Union in 1965. It took over from the State Committee for the Introduction of New Technologies ...
of the
Council of Ministers of the USSR The Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( rus, Совет министров СССР, r=Sovet Ministrov SSSR, p=sɐˈvʲet mʲɪˈnʲistrəf ɛsɛsɛˈsɛr; sometimes abbreviated to ''Sovmin'' or referred to as the '' ...
, he organized in Dushanbe an international seminar on the development of integrated programs for training and on conducting research on sustainable land use in the
Himalayan region The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 ...
(1987). * Member of the Audit Commission of the All-Union "Knowledge" Society of the USSR (1976—1986). * Member of the Presidium of the All-Union "Knowledge" Society of the Tajik SSR (1976—1986). * Member of the Presidium of the Society "Nature Conservation" of the Tajik SSR (1976—1990). * Member of the main editorial board of the " Tajik Soviet Encyclopedia" (1968—1990). * Member of the editorial board of the special volumes for the 50th and 60th anniversaries of the Tajik SSR and the Communist Party of Tajikistan (1974—1984). * Member of the scientific editorial board of the "Agricultural Encyclopedia of Tajikistan" (1988—1990). * Member of the editorial board of the journal "News of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR, Biological Sciences Department" (1966—1986). * Chief editor of the journal "News of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR, Biological Sciences Department" (1986—1990). * Member of the Audit Commission of Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast of the Society "Knowledge" (1966—1981). * Chairman of the Gorno-Badakhshan Oblast Society "Nature Conservation" (1966—1981). * He took an active part in promoting the achievements of science among the population of the republic. For many years of his active work as the Chairman of the Board of the Gorno-Badakhshan Regional Society "Knowledge" and the introduction of scientific achievements into production, he was awarded the medal of the academician Sergey Vavilov (1974). * Headed the delegation of the republic during the visit to Dushanbe's sister town of
Klagenfurt Klagenfurt am WörtherseeLandesgesetzblatt 2008 vom 16. Jänner 2008, Stück 1, Nr. 1: ''Gesetz vom 25. Oktober 2007, mit dem die Kärntner Landesverfassung und das Klagenfurter Stadtrecht 1998 geändert werden.'/ref> (; ; sl, Celovec), usually ...
in Austria (1983).


Selected works and certain publications

*
National Library of Russia The National Library of Russia (NLR, russian: Российская национальная библиотека}), located in Saint Petersburg, is the first, and one of three national public libraries in Russia. The NLR is currently ranked amo ...
*
Russian State Library The Russian State Library (russian: Российская государственная библиотека, Rossiyskaya gosudarstvennaya biblioteka) is one of the three national libraries of Russia, located in Moscow. It is the largest librar ...
* Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (Kh. I︠U︡. I︠U︡sufbekov, A.E. Kasac
Teresken na Pamire
United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library) * * * * * * * * United States National Agricultural Library


References


Comments


Sources


Literature

* (Khudoer I︠U︡sufbekovich I︠U︡sufbekov
Boston College Thomas P. O'Neill LibraryNew York Botanical Garden The LuEsther T. Mertz LibraryThe British Library
* * * * * * * : * () *
Iraj Bashiri Iraj Bashiri ( fa, ایرج بشیری; born July 31, 1940) is professor of history at the University of Minnesota, United States, and one of the leading scholars in the fields of Central Asian studies and Iranian Studies. Fluent in English, Pers ...
is Professor of History at the
University of Minnesota The University of Minnesota, formally the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, (UMN Twin Cities, the U of M, or Minnesota) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Tw ...
, one of the leading scholars in the fields of Central Asian Studies and Iranian Studies.


External links


The library of travels and adventures on land and sea in 1976. THE WIND CALLED “AFGANETC” There were two telegrams. One from the Acaemy of Scinces of the Republic of Tajikistan to the director of the biostation Khudoyor Yusufbekov (JUNE 11. Chechekty, Eastern Pamir)
*
YUSUFBEKOV Khudoyor Yusufbekovich / [10.12.1928 - 27.11.1990]

MOUNTAINS - UNIQUE LABORATORY (ru). Journal «Вокруг света» / January, 1972.

Friendly relations of Nekrasov and Academician Yusufbekov (pp. 115—116)

KH.Y. YUSUFBEKOV PAMIR BIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Pamir Biological Institute was established in 1969 on the basis of the Pamir Botanical Gardens, the Pamir Biological Station and Ishkashim reference point on agriculture. Its first director was Academician Kh.Y. Yusufbekov from 1969—1981.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yusufbekov Khudoyor 1928 births 1990 deaths People from Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region Communist Party of the Soviet Union members Soviet editors Tajikistani botanists Soviet botanists Tajikistani biologists Soviet biologists Members of the Tajik Academy of Sciences Explorers of Central Asia