Katihar
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Katihar is a city situated in the eastern part of the state of
Bihar Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West ...
in India. It is the regional headquarter of
Katihar district Katihar district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in India, and Katihar city is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district is a part of Purnia Division. It is prominently known for its Katihar Junction Rail ...
. It is one of the important cities of Bihar. Also it's a main route of Delhi - Guwahati railway line.


History

Katihar is a part of the
Mithila region Mithila (), also known as Tirhut, Tirabhukti and Mithilanchal is a geographical and cultural region of the Indian subcontinent bounded by the Mahananda River in the east, the Ganges in the south, the Gandaki River in the west and by the foothill ...
. Mithila first gained prominence after being settled by
Indo-Aryan peoples Indo-Aryan peoples are a diverse collection of Indo-European peoples speaking Indo-Aryan languages in the Indian subcontinent. Historically, Aryan were the Indo-European pastoralists who migrated from Central Asia into South Asia and int ...
who established the
Mithila Kingdom Videha ( Prākrit: ; Pāli: ; Sanskrit: ) was an ancient Indo-Aryan tribe of north-eastern South Asia whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. The population of Videha, the Vaidehas, were initially organised into a monarchy but later ...
(also called Kingdom of the Videhas). During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Kingdom of the Videhas became one of the major political and cultural centers of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Kingdom of the Videhas were called
Janaka Janaka is a character who appears in the Hindu epic Ramayana. He is an ancient Hindu king of Videha, which was located in the Mithila region. His name at birth was Sīradhvaja, and he had a brother named Kushadhvaja. His father's name was Hras ...
s. The Mithila Kingdom was later incorporated into the
Vajjika League The Vajjika (Pāli: ) or Vrijika (Sanskrit: ) League, Confederacy, or Sangha, also called simply Vajji (Pāli: ) or Vriji (Sanskrit: ), was an ancient Indo-Aryan tribal league which existed during the later Iron Age period in north-east South ...
, which had its capital in the city of Vaishali, which is also in Mithila. Later it was dominated by Chaudhary family who were the biggest landlord of kosi commisionery and holds approx 15000 acre land in katihar district and 8500 acre in Purnia district. The founder of Chaudhary family was Taj Ali Chaudhary and his four sons Chaudhary khuda baksh , Chaudhary Qadir baksh ,Khan Bahadur Chaudhary Mohammad baksh and Elahi baksh.


Transport


Road

Katihar is connected through road network to the neighbouring cities of Bihar. Interstate bus services are not available. A highway , however, connects it to
Purnia Purnia ()(also romanized as Purnea) is a city that serves as the administrative headquarters of both Purnia district and Purnia division in the Indian state of Bihar. Total geographical area of Purnia Urban Agglomeration is which is nex ...
, from where , and passes through or starts through.


Air

The nearest airport is located at
Purnia Airport Airforce Station Purnea is located near Purnia in the state of Bihar, India. This is the base of Indian Air Force. This airport was built for supplies to Indian Army in Sino-Indian War. Recent development It has been selected in UDAN 4 sche ...
near
Purnea Purnia ()(also Romanization, romanized as Purnea) is a city that serves as the administrative headquarters of both Purnia district and Purnia division in the Indian state of Bihar. Total geographical area of Purnia Urban Agglomeration is ...
(30 km), but it is a airforce station. The nearest commercial airport is located at Bagdogra Airport (160 km) near
Siliguri Siliguri, ) is a major tier-II city in West Bengal. It forms "Twin Cities" with the neighboring district capital of Jalpaiguri. The city spans areas of the Darjeeling and Jalpaiguri districts in the Indian state of West Bengal. Known as the ' ...
(
West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fou ...
). However, recently the government has announced to open an air force base airport in
Chunapur Chunapur is a very old village situated 3 km west of Purnia town in the state of Bihar, India. This village is situated on the bank of 'Kari Koshi' a tributary of Koshi River, River Koshi. The village came into limelight when the governm ...
, Purnea to be allowed to use for commercial use. However, it is not operational yet.


Rail

Katihar Junction is a major strategic Railway Junction under Northeast Frontier Railways which connects North East India with the rest of India.


Education

Katihar has many education institutions, including: * The Boffo School * Colonels Academy * International School of East India * Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Katihar * Katihar Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandir (estd. in 1951; it used to be under WBBSE; now affiliated with CBSE) * Kendriya Vidyalaya, Katihar * Manipal public school * SBP Vidya Vihar * Scottish Public School, Katihar ;Government colleges: * D.S. College, Katihar * Govt. Polytechnic, Katihar * K.B Jha College, Katihar * M J M Mahila College * Sita Ram Chamaria College ;Other important institutes: * Katihar Medical College and Hospital (KMCH), a private medical college in Katihar City suburbs, recognized by the
Medical Council of India The Medical Council of India (MCI) was a statutory body for establishing uniform and high standards of medical education in India until its dissolution on 25 September 2020 when it was replaced by National Medical Commission. The Council grante ...
(MCI), *
Purnea University Purnea University is a collegiate public state university located in Purnia, Bihar, India. It has jurisdiction over Purnia, Araria, Kishanganj and Katihar districts. It was established by an act of State Legislature in 2018. As a collegiate uni ...
* Suryadeo Law College, Katihar * Maharshi Menhi Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, Katihar


Demographics

As per the 2011 census, Katihar Urban Agglomeration had a population of 240,565. Katihar Urban Agglomeration includes Katihar (municipal corporation plus outgrowth) and Katihar Railway Colony (outgrowth). Katihar Municipal Corporation had a total population of 225,982, out of which 119,142 were males and 106,840 were females. It had a sex ratio of 897. The population below 5 years was 31,036. The literacy rate of the 7+ population was 79.87 per cent. Katihar is at 193rd rank in terms of its population among the top 200 cities of India as per the 2011 census.


Religion

Hinduism is major religion in Katihar city with 185.196
Hindus Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
(76.9%), 53.213
Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
(22.1%). Other religions includes 794
Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words '' Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρ ...
(0.33%), 373 Sikhs (0.15%), 221 Jains (0.09%), 70 Buddhists (0.03%) and 960 (0.4%) did not stated.


Climate

The climate of Katihar is nearly moderate with widespread rainfall during the
monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal osci ...
s sometimes bringing flood to the adjoining rural areas of the
Katihar District Katihar district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in India, and Katihar city is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district is a part of Purnia Division. It is prominently known for its Katihar Junction Rail ...
.


See also

*
List of cities in Bihar This is a list of urban agglomerations and cities (those not included in the Urban Agglomerations), with a population above 100,000 as per 2011 census in the Indian state of Bihar: Urban Agglomeration In the census of India 2011, an Urban Ag ...
*
Kolasi Kolasi is a village situated near Katihar Town (5.0 km) of Bihar state in India. It is located on the banks of the Kosi river, surrounded by temples and agriculture lands and gathering a harmonized society above cast and religion. Generall ...
* Korha * Tingachhia


References


External links


katihar.bih.nic.inDistrict Court, Katihar
{{Purnia Division Cities and towns in Katihar district