Kamianske

Kamianske ( uk, Кам'янське, ), formerly Dniprodzerzhynsk, is an industrial city in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast of Ukraine and a port on the Dnieper. Administratively, it serves as the administrative center of Kamianske Raion. Kamianske hosts the administration of Kamianske urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population:

The city was known as Dniprodzerzhynsk from 1936 to 2016. On 19 May 2016, it was renamed back to its historical name of Kamianske. Along with the city's name change, the city's hydroelectric station was renamed to Middle Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Plant.

Besides the hydroelectric station, the city houses a few other industrial enterprises: Prydniprovsky Chemical Plant (closed in 1991), Bahley Coke Factory and Dnieper Metallurgical Combine.

History

The first written evidence of settlement in the territory of Kamianske appeared in 1750. At that time the villages of Romankove and Kamianske, which make up the modern city, formed a part of the Nova (New) Sich of the Zaporizhian cossacks. The city was known as Kamianske, lit. ''Stony Place'' ( uk, Кам'янське, russian: link=no, Каменское ''Kamenskoye'') until 1936 when it was renamed to Dniprodzerzhynsk – the name honored the Dnieper River ( uk , Дніпро , translit = Dnipro) and the communist Felix Dzerzhynsky (1877-1926), the founder of the Bolshevik secret police, the Cheka.

Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev was born and raised in Kamianske.

On 15 May 2015 the President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, signed a bill into law that started a six-month period for the removal of communist monuments and the mandatory renaming of settlements with names related to Communism. The following year, on 19 May 2016, the Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada voted to rename Dniprodzerzhynsk, which reverted to using the name Kamianske.

Until 18 July 2020, Kamianske was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and the center of Kamianske Municipality. The municipality was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven. The area of Kamianske Municipality was merged into newly established Kamianske Raion.

Geography

While mostly located on right bank of Dnieper, Kamianske stretches over the hydroelectric station onto the left bank where the portion of city is known as "Livyi bereh" neighborhood (literally ''Left bank''). The neighborhood arches to the west of the Kamianske's suburb of Kurylivka.

To the east Kamianske municipality borders Dnipro city creating an urban sprawl.

Climate

The climate is moderately continental, dry. The amount of precipitation per year is about 400 mm. The average daily temperature is -6 ° C in January, + 21 ° C in July.

Administrative divisions

* Dniprovskyi district (western city district)
**neighborhoods: Romankove (former settlement), Livyi bereh
* Zavodskyi district (central city district)
**neighborhoods: City center, Dnieper Metallurgical Combine
* Pivdennyi district (south and eastern city parts)
**settlements: Karnaukhivka, Svitle
**neighborhoods: Sotsmisto, Pivdennyi, Bahliy Coke Factory, DniproAzot and Prydniprovskyi Chemical Factory

Economy

The economic base of Kamianske is almost exclusively centered on heavy industry, with ferrous metallurgy being the backbone of the local economy. Around 57% of the total industrial production is metallurgy and metal working. The chemical industry comes second with ca. 17% share of the total industrial output. While the exceedingly industrialized nature of the local economy ensures a rather high employment rate (as of 01.11.2007, official unemployment stood at 1.40%), it also contributes to excessive pollution and radiation levels in the city.

* Prydniprovsky Chemical Plant (closed down)
* Bahley Coke Factory
* Dnieper Metallurgical Combine
* DniproAzot
* Dniprodzerzhynsk Cement Factory
* Dniprodzerzhynsk Electrical Central
* Middle Dnieper Hydroelectric Plant

Culture

Several Eastern Orthodox churches, the largest being the Orthodox Cathedral of Saint Nicholas, which dates from 1894, serve the faithful of the city. By 2018, there were 22 parishes of Ukrainian Orthodox Church in Kamianske.

The Roman Catholic Church of Saint NicholasRoman Catholic Parish in Kamianske
/ref> built by the city's Polish community at the end of the nineteenth century, has become one of the centers of Roman Catholicism in Eastern Ukraine. The Catholic Parish of Saint Nicholas also includes a monastery run by the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin.

The town has an active Jewish community with a new synagogue and community center.

Ecology

Kamianske is a city with a very difficult environmental conditions. The city is on the top 10 of the most air-polluted cities of Ukraine. There have been suggestions to assign the status of the ecological disaster city. Right-bank part of the city is mostly polluted, where the metallurgical, chemical industrial enterprises are located.

In 2008, an interdepartmental commission for solving environmental problems was created.

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Kamianske is twinned with:

* Kielce, Poland
* Babruysk, Belarus
* Temirtau, Kazakhstan

Gallery

File:Свято-Миколаївський собор.JPG, Orthodox Church of Saint Nicholas
File:Костел святого Миколая (Кам'янське) 1.jpg, Roman Catholic Church of Saint Nicholas
File:Theater Dniprodzerzhynsk1.jpg, Theatre
File:Municipality Dniprodzerzhynsk.jpg, City Hall
File:Building Dniprodzerzhynsk5.jpg, Downtown
File:Buildings Kamianske.jpg, Apartment blocks
File:Museum Dniprodzerzhynsk.JPG, Museum
File:Metalurh Stadium Dndz1.jpg, Metalurh Stadium
File:Прометей..JPG, Monument Prometheus
File:Taras Shevchenko Dneprodzerzhinsk.JPG, Monument Taras Shevchenko
File:Train station (Dniprodzerzhynsk).JPG, Train station
File:Tram (Dniprodzerzhynsk)1.JPG, Tram in Kamianske
File:Bridge Dniprodzerzhynsk.jpg, The bridge across the Dnieper
File:Hydroelectric Dniprodzerzhynsk.JPG, Hydroelectric power plant
File:View DMK Dnieper1.jpg, Dniprovsky steel works (DMK)

See also

* Kamianske River Port

References

External links

The murder of the Jews of Dniprodzerzhynsk
during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.

{{authority control

Cities in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Cities of regional significance in Ukraine
Populated places established in the Russian Empire
Yekaterinoslav Governorate
City name changes in Ukraine
Former Soviet toponymy in Ukraine
Holocaust locations in Ukraine
Populated places on the Dnieper in Ukraine