Kadijken (Amsterdam)
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The Kadijken (), also known as Kadijkseiland or Kadijkenbuurt , is a neighbourhood to the north of Artis zoo in the centre of
Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...
. The name "Kadijken" is the plural form of ''Kadijk'' and refers to the two main streets that traverse the neighbourhood, Hoogte Kadijk ("Upper ''Kadijk''") and Laagte Kadijk ("Lower ''Kadijk''")."De Kadijken", Wijkcentrum Oostelijke Binnenstad
(Dutch)


Description

The Kadijken, a rectangular area measuring 900 by 170 metres, is bordered by
Nieuwe Herengracht The Nieuwe Herengracht () is a canal in Centrum district of Amsterdam. The canal is an extension of the Herengracht that runs between the Amstel and the Scharrebiersluis (lock) leading to the Schippersgracht from the Entrepotdok. It is in the Pla ...
and
Schippersgracht The Schippersgracht () is a canal and street in the Centrum district of Amsterdam that runs from the Rapenburgerplein to the Prins Hendrikkade. Location The Schippersgracht street starts where Foeliedwarsstraat crosses Rapenburgerplein and ends a ...
to the west,
Nieuwe Vaart The Nieuwe Vaart or Nieuwevaart is a 17th-century canal in Amsterdam that runs from the center to Amsterdam-Oost (Amsterdam East). Kromhout Museum is located on the Nieuwe Vaart. On this site, the Westkap is still used as a shipyard, but the Oost ...
canal to the north,
Sarphatistraat The Sarphatistraat is a street in the center of Amsterdam between Frederiksplein and Oostenburgergracht at the Cruquiuskade. The street crosses the Amstel and forms an almost long connection between the southern part of the Grachtengordel and the ...
street to the east, and
Entrepotdok The Entrepotdok (Warehouse Dock), formerly Nieuwe Rapenburgergracht, is a canal in Amsterdam, and a street and row of former warehouses with the same name along the northeast side of the canal. They were constructed between 1708 and 1829, used fo ...
canal to the south. The neighbourhood is cut into two halves, a larger western part and a smaller eastern part, by a former complex of sluice gates that forms a canal between the Nieuwe Vaart and Entrepotdok canals. This canal isolates the western part of the neighbourhood from the rest of the city, making it a ''de facto'' island. Connecting the two main streets, Hoogte en Laagte Kadijk, is a small street appropriately named Tussen Kadijken ("Between the ''Kadijken''"). The small street Buiten Kadijken ("Outer ''Kadijken''") runs from Hoogte Kadijk to Nieuwe Vaart canal. At the corner of Hoogte Kadijk and Buiten Kadijken is a pillar topped with a sculpture of a falcon with a crown on its head. This is a replica of a cast-iron sculpture that stood here for many years as a trademark of the beer brewery De Gekroonde Valk ("The Crowned Falcon"), which has been located here since the 18th century. The western edge of the neighbourhood is formed by Kadijkenplein square with the Zeemanshuis ("Seamen's House") and the gate building of the Algemeen Rijksentrepot, both dating to the 19th century. From the square, a cast-iron bridge leads across Nieuwe Herengracht canal. Behind the bridge are the Scharrebiersluis
sluice gates Sluice ( ) is a word for a channel controlled at its head by a movable gate which is called a sluice gate. A sluice gate is traditionally a wood or metal barrier sliding in grooves that are set in the sides of the waterway and can be considered ...
. Both the bridge and the sluice gates were constructed in 1906. The neighbourhood has about 3,000 inhabitants. There are about 1,700 residences, primarily in the western part of the neighbourhood. Of those, 70% is rented (60% government-subsidised apartments and 10% private rental), and the remaining 30% is privately owned. The eastern part of the neighbourhood is less residential; this area is dominated by offices and workshops. The many former warehouses and shipyards in the Kadijken are a reminder of the neighbourhood's past as an area of town dominated by shipping and industry. Werfmuseum 't Kromhout and Koning William, both on Hoogte Kadijk, are still in use as shipyards. The eastern hall of Werfmuseum 't Kromhout is now a museum. The neighbourhood has a large number of ''
rijksmonument A rijksmonument (, ) is a national heritage site of the Netherlands, listed by the agency Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (RCE) acting for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. At the end of February 2015, the Netherlands ...
en'' (national monuments), including the warehouses on Entrepotdok, the ''Sibbelwoningen'' on Hoogte Kadijk and a series of 17th- and 18th-century houses.


History

The Kadijken were created during the fourth 17th-century expansion of Amsterdam, completed in 1663, in which an area of land beyond the dikes protecting the eastern side of Amsterdam was added to the city. In this area, a ''kadijk''-type dike, the Nieuwe Zeedijk, had been constructed beyond the original Sint Antoniesdijk dike. A ''kadijk'' is the outer, lower
dike Dyke (UK) or dike (US) may refer to: General uses * Dyke (slang), a slang word meaning "lesbian" * Dike (geology), a subvertical sheet-like intrusion of magma or sediment * Dike (mythology), ''Dikē'', the Greek goddess of moral justice * Dikes, ...
(levee) within a set of two dikes to keep a river (or, in this instance, the IJ bay), from flooding. During the city expansion, the Nieuwe Zeedijk was raised and the higher part was called Hoogte Kadijk, while the lower part lying behind the dike came to be called Laagte Kadijk. The Kadijken rapidly developed into an area dominated by shipyards. The south side was originally used for recreation, but from the early part of the 18th century this part of the neighbourhood was filled with warehouses and other buildings for storage of goods. In 1827 the Rapenburgergracht, as the canal along the southern edge of the neighbourhood was called, was taken over by the Dutch national government. The government established the Algemeen Rijksentrepot there, which allowed goods in transit to be temporarily stored and transferred from one ship to another without the need to pay
excise file:Lincoln Beer Stamp 1871.JPG, upright=1.2, 1871 U.S. Revenue stamp for 1/6 barrel of beer. Brewers would receive the stamp sheets, cut them into individual stamps, cancel them, and paste them over the Bunghole, bung of the beer barrel so when ...
duties. With a total of 96 warehouses stretching 800 metres, this was one of the largest complexes of warehouses in Europe. The Rapenburgergracht was renamed Entrepotdok. The industrial character of the neighbourhood did not start to fade until the 20th century. From the 1970s onwards, hundreds of government-subsidised apartments were built, both in former warehouses and in newly constructed buildings. The museum EnergeticA was located in a former power station from 1903 on Hoogte Kadijk. The museum closed in 2007, and the collection was taken over by science centre
NEMO Nemo may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Games * ''Nemo'' (arcade game), a 1990 arcade game by Capcom based on ''Little Nemo'' * NEMO (video game console), an unreleased console Music * Nemo (American band), an indie rock band * Nemo ...
. File:Elektriciteitscentrale hoogte kadijk amsterdam.jpg, Former power station on Hoogte Kadijk File:Kadijksplein entrepotdok poortgebouw.jpg, Kadijksplein square with the cast-iron bridge over Nieuwe Herengracht canal and the gate building of the Algemeen Rijksentrepot File:De gekroonde valk hoogte kadijk amsterdam.jpg, Pillar with replica of ''De Gekroonde Valk'' ("The Crowned Falcon"), Hoogte Kadijk


References


Further reading

* Bas Stortenbeker, Roland van Putten, Frans Hupsch en Roland van Tulder, ''De Plantage, Kadijken en Oostelijke eilanden: een buurt in beeld''. Amsterdam Publishers, 1999 (Dutch) * Ton Heijdra, ''Een roerig volkje. De geschiedenis van de Oostelijke Eilanden, Kadijken en Czaar Peterbuurt''. Uitgeverij René de Milliano, Alkmaar 1999 (Dutch)


External links


Kadijken Online
(Dutch)
Bewonersgroep Leefbare Kadijken
(Dutch) {{Neighborhoods of Amsterdam Neighbourhoods of Amsterdam