The ''Kölner Werkschulen'' (Cologne Academy of Fine and Applied Arts), formerly Cologne Art and Craft Schools, was a university in

Cologne Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 millio ...

training artists in visual arts, architecture and design from 1926 to 1971.

History

Origins

The origins of the Kölner Werkschulen can be found in the Sunday school established by the painter Egidius Mengelberg in 1822 at the Jesuit buildings. This was incorporated into the "Royal Prussian Provincial Vocational School Cologne" founded in 1833. In 1910 Emil Thormählen came to Cologne to develop a School of Applied Arts as part of the German Werkbund movement. However his plans to build a new school building had to be postponed due to the outbreak of war in 1914. When the plans could not be taken forward immediately after the war, Thormählen retired November 1919. In April 1924, the architect Martin Elsaesser was the director of the school and designed a "Red House", an expressionist, red brick building on Ubierring 40.

1926–1933

In 1926 the school was reorganized and the Mayor

Konrad Adenauer Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (; 5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman who served as the first chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1949 to 1963. From 1946 to 1966, he was the first leader of the Christian Dem ...

, designated it the "Cologne Werkschulen", in accordance with the

Bauhaus The Staatliches Bauhaus (), commonly known as the Bauhaus (), was a German art school operational from 1919 to 1933 that combined crafts and the fine arts.Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 4th edn., 20 ...

point of view. He said, "Bonn is for science (= University) and Dusseldorf for Art (= Academy) but in Cologne I want both." Adenauer got his way by 1919 with the

University of Cologne The University of Cologne (german: Universität zu Köln) is a university in Cologne, Germany. It was established in the year 1388 and is one of the most prestigious and research intensive universities in Germany. It was the sixth university to ...

, and in 1924 with his Cologne art school (Werkschulen), with both buildings almost within sight of each other.

1933–1945

Under the rule of the NSDAP the German Werkbund movement was dissolved and the name of the Werkschulen was changed to ''Kölner Meisterschule'' (Cologne Master School). The new director Karl Berthold introduced the anti-semitic ideology of Hitler.

After 1946

Structure in 1971

Directors

* 1879–1906: Friedrich Romberg, engineer * 1906–1910:

Gustav Halmhuber Gustav Halmhuber (23 March 1862 – 25 August 1936) was a German architect and university teacher. His style reflected the flamboyance and brittle optimism of the early twentieth century. Perhaps his best known surviving work – also one o ...

, architect and painter * 1910–1919, Emil Thormählen, painter and architect * 1920–1926: Martin Elsässer, architect * 1926–1931:

Richard Riemerschmid Richard Riemerschmid (20 June 1868 – 13 April 1957) was a German architect, painter, designer and city planner from Munich. He was a major figure in ''Jugendstil'', the German form of Art Nouveau, and a founder of architecture in the st ...

, painter, architect and designer * 1931–1933:

Karl With Karl may refer to: People * Karl (given name), including a list of people and characters with the name * Karl der Große, commonly known in English as Charlemagne * Karl Marx, German philosopher and political writer * Karl of Austria, last Austrian ...

, art historian * 1933–1945: Karl Berthold, goldsmith * 1946–1957: August Hoff, art historian * 1958–1965: Friedrich Vordemberge, painter * 1965–1971: Werner Schriefers, painter and designer

Lecturers

Architecture and interior design

Martin Elsaesser Martin Elsaesser (28 May 1884 – 5 August 1957) was a German architect and professor of architecture. He is especially well known for the many churches he built. Life From 1901 to 1906, Elsaesser studied architecture at the Technical Universit ...

(1920–1925) *

Dominikus Böhm Dominikus Böhm (23 October 1880 – 6 August 1955) was a German architect specializing in churches. He built churches in Cologne, the Ruhr area, Swabia, and Hesse. Many of his buildings are examples of Brick Expressionism. Life and career B ...

(1926–1934/1947–1953) *

(1926–1931) * Stefan Leuer (1954–1978) * Georg Lünenborg (1948–1967) * Gernot Lucas (1969–2003) * Wolf Nöhren (1970–1973)

Painting

Johan Thorn Prikker Johan Thorn Prikker (6 June 1868, The Hague - 5 March 1932, Cologne) was a Dutch artist who worked in Germany after 1904. His activities were very eclectic, including architecture, lithography, furniture, stained-glass windows, mosaics, tapestries ...

(1926–1932) * Friedrich Ahlers-Hestermann (1928–1933) *

Richard Seewald Richard is a male given name. It originates, via Old French, from Old Frankish and is a compound of the words descending from Proto-Germanic ''*rīk-'' 'ruler, leader, king' and ''*hardu-'' 'strong, brave, hardy', and it therefore means 'stron ...

(1924–1931) * Otto Gerster (1939–1972) *

Stefan Wewerka Stefan may refer to: * Stefan (given name) * Stefan (surname) * Ștefan, a Romanian given name and a surname * Štefan, a Slavic given name and surname * Stefan (footballer) (born 1988), Brazilian footballer * Stefan Heym, pseudonym of German writ ...

(1975–1993) *

Daniel Spoerri Daniel Spoerri (born 27 March 1930) is a Swiss artist and writer born in Romania. Spoerri is best known for his "snare-pictures," a type of assemblage or object art, in which he captures a group of objects, such as the remains of meals eaten by in ...

(1978–1982) * Hans Rolf Maria Koller (1963–1973) * Dieter Kraemer (1963–1993) * Friedrich Vordemberge (1946–1976) * Dieter Horký (1971–1993) *

Karl Marx Karl Heinrich Marx (; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German philosopher, economist, historian, sociologist, political theorist, journalist, critic of political economy, and socialist revolutionary. His best-known titles are the 1848 ...

(1959–1986) * Wilhelm Teuwen (1946–1967) * Elisabeth Vary (1964–1970–1993) * Werner Schriefers (1965–1989) * Gerhard Kadow (1967–1974) * Franz Dank (1961–1993) * Hubert Schaffmeister (1952–1976)

Sculpture and plastic arts

Anton Berger Anton Berger is an Austrian para-alpine skier. He represented Austria at the 1976 Winter Paralympics and at the 1980 Winter Paralympics and, in total, he won two silver medals and two bronze medals at the Winter Paralympics. His win at the 1980 ...

(1964–1989) *

Hans Karl Burgeff Hans Karl Burgeff (20 April 1928 – 25 November 2005) was a German people, German sculptor, medal engraver and art lecturer, who worked mostly in the Rhineland. Life Burgeff was born in Würzburg, the son of Hans Edmund Nicola Burgeff, Hans ...

(1968–1988) *

Ludwig Gies Ludwig Gies (3 September 1887 – 27 January 1966) was a German sculptor, medallist and professor of art. He is best known for his crucifix in Lübeck Cathedral, vandalized in March 1922 and later considered a typical work of degenerate art, ...

(1950–1962) * Georg Grasegger (1901–1927) * Josef Jaekel (1947–1975) * Dorkas Reinacher-Härlin (1924–1929) * Titus Reinarz (1981–1992) * Kurt Schwippert (1963–1968) * Wolfgang Wallner (1912–1950) * Hans Wissel (1925–1933)

Graphic design

(1926–1931) * Jakob Erbar (1926–1933) * Heinrich Hußmann (1928–1965) * Alfred Will (1929–1933/1946–1971) * Anton Wolff (1942–1976) * Jürgen Klauke (1970–1975) * Heinz Edelmann (1976–1978)

Goldsmithing

* Ernst Riegel (1913–1933) * Elisabeth Treskow (1948–1964)

Photography

* Arno Jansen (1965–2003)

Art history

* Wilhelm Lotz *

(1925–1928/1931–1933) * August Hoff (1946–1957)

Ceramics and industrial design

* Dorkas Reinacher-Härlin (1924–1929) * Ludwig König (1930–1933) * Georg Roth (1924–1964) *

Walter Maria Kersting Walter Maria Kersting (8 July 1889, in Münster – 5 May 1970, in Waging am See) was a German architect and industrial designer. Career In 1928, he published the ''Bilderbuch für Kaufleute'', (‘Picture book for business people’) a publi ...

(1927–1932) * Herbert Schultes (1968–1970)

Guest lecturers

Bazon Brock Bazon Brock (born Jürgen Johannes Hermann Brock, 2 June 1936) is a German art theorist and critic, multi-media generalist and artist. He is considered a member of Fluxus. He was a professor of aesthetics at the Hochschule für bildende Künste ...

(art theory) *

Birgit Hein Birgit Hein (born 6 August 1942) is a Germans, German film director, film producer, producer, performance artist, Professor, university professor, and screenwriting, screenwriter who has made experimental films since 1960s, with her then husband Wi ...

(film) *

Wulf Herzogenrath Wulf Herzogenrath (born 23 March 1944, Rathenow, Province of Brandenburg), Germany is a German art historian and art curator. He is a leading expert in the fields of Video art, New Media Art and the Bauhaus. He has assembled a large collection ...

(art settlement) * Friedrich Wolfram Heubach (psychology) * Jörg Immendorff (painting) * Leo Kofler (sociology) * Ingo Kümmel (art dealing) *

Ulrike Rosenbach Ulrike Rose Bach (born 1943) is a video artist from Germany. Rose Bach works with videotapes, installations and performances.

(video action) * Günter Karl Friedrich Schwichtenberg (cybernetics)

Students

Architecture

* Heinz Bienefeld *

Johannes Krahn Johannes Krahn (17 May 1908 – 17 October 1974) was a German architect and an academic teacher. Career Born in Mainz, Johannes Krahn studied architecture from 1923 to 1927 at the Technische Lehranstalten Offenbach. He continued his studies 19 ...

Painting

* Ingeborg Drews * Hellmuth Eichner * Joseph Fassbender * Edvard Frank * Jürgen Hans Grümmer * Hildegard Grunert * Dieter Horký * Ulla Horký * Ida Köhne * Jean Lessenich * Joseph Mader *

Wolfgang Niedecken Wolfgang Niedecken (, ; born 30 March 1951) is a German singer and musician. He founded the Kölsch-speaking rock group BAP at the end of the 1970s and soon became famous with BAP all over Germany. He is the lead singer and only remaining foun ...

* Erwin und Helmut Plönes *

Anton Räderscheidt Anton Räderscheidt (October 11, 1892 – March 8, 1970) was a German painter who was a leading figure of the New Objectivity. Räderscheidt was born in Cologne. His father was a schoolmaster who also wrote poetry. From 1910 to 1914, Räderscheidt ...

* Wolfgang Schulte * Franz Wilhelm Seiwert *

Udo Sellbach Udo Sellbach (1927–2006) was a German-Australian visual artist and educator whose work focused primarily around his printmaking practice. History Udo Sellbach was born in Cologne, Germany in 1927. Trained at Kölner Werkschulen, Cologn ...

* Wolfgang Siemens * Helga Tiemann *

Rosemarie Trockel Rosemarie Trockel (born 13 November 1952) is a German conceptual artist. She has made drawings, paintings, sculptures, videos and installations, and has worked in mixed media. From 1985, she made pictures using knitting-machines. She is a pr ...

* Günther Umberg * Kurt Wegner *

Willy Weyres Willy Weyres (31 December – 1903 – 18 May 1989) was a German architect and academic teacher. He was from 1944 to 1972, diocesan master builder for the Archdiocese of Cologne for more than ten years, and full professor of architectural history ...

* Paul Wieghardt

Sculpture / plastic arts

* Georg J. Ahrens * Raimund Böll * Kurt-Wolf von Borries * Hilde Broër * Hubert Bruhs * Heinz Feuerborn * Peter Raacke * Titus Reinarz * Wolfgang Reuter *

Ulrich Rückriem Ulrich Rückriem (born 30 September 1938) is a German sculptor notable for his monumental stone sculptures. He lives and works in Cologne and London. His abstract works of art are often assigned to the style of minimalism and process art. Life ...

* Gretel Schulte-Hostedde

Graphic design

* Will Burtin * Thomas F. Fischer * Walter Hanel * Jürgen Klauke * Maurilio Minuzzi * Eduard Prüssen * Maf Räderscheidt * Konrad Schaefer * Helmut Tollmann

Photography

* Chargesheimer * Fritz Gruber *

Candida Höfer Candida Höfer (born 4 February 1944) is a German photographer. She is a former student of Bernd and Hilla Becher. Like other Becher students, Höfer's work is known for technical perfection and a strictly conceptual approach. From 1997 to 2000, ...

* Burkhard Jüttner *

Raoul Ubac Raoul Ubac (31 August 1910, Cologne – 22 March 1985, Dieudonne, Oise) was a French painter, sculptor, photographer and engraver. He had various and irregular artistic training and travelled in Europe between 1928 and 1934. He worked mostly ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kolner Werkschulen Defunct universities and colleges in Germany Art schools in Germany Education in Cologne 1926 establishments in Germany Educational institutions established in 1926 Educational institutions disestablished in 1971 1971 disestablishments in West Germany