Julius Bauschinger (January 28, 1860 – January 21, 1934) was a German
astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, moons, comets and galaxies – in either ...
.
Biography
Julius Bauschinger was born in
Fürth
Fürth (; East Franconian: ; yi, פיורדא, Fiurda) is a city in northern Bavaria, Germany, in the administrative division ('' Regierungsbezirk'') of Middle Franconia. It is now contiguous with the larger city of Nuremberg, the centres of the ...
, the son of the physicist
Johann Bauschinger. He studied at the Universities of Munich and Berlin, graduating under the direction of
Hugo Hans von Seeliger with a thesis titled "Studies on the motion of the planet
Mercury" (1884). In 1882, he was part of a German expedition to Hartford, Connecticut, in order to observe the transit of Venus.
From 1883 he was assistant and observer at the
Munich observatory. In 1896 he was named director of the
Astronomisches Rechen-Institut
The Astronomical Calculation Institute (german: Astronomisches Rechen-Institut; ARI) is a research institute in Heidelberg, Germany, dating from the 1700s. Beginning in 2005, the ARI became part of the Center for Astronomy at Heidelberg Univers ...
and professor of theoretical astronomy in Berlin, a position he held until 1909, when he became director of the
Strasbourg observatory.
Bauschinger was dissertation advisor for
Alfred Wegener
Alfred Lothar Wegener (; ; 1 November 1880 – November 1930) was a German climatologist, geologist, geophysicist, meteorologist, and polar researcher.
During his lifetime he was primarily known for his achievements in meteorology and ...
's 1905 doctoral thesis in astronomy.
From 1920 to 1930 he directed the
Leipzig observatory. He died in
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Ha ...
in 1934.
References
The minor planet
2306, discovered in 1939, has been named after Bauschinger.
Publications
Main publications
*Julius Bauschinger: Untersuchungen über die Bewegung des Planeten Merkur, 1884 (thesis)
*Julius Bauschinger: Ueber die Biegung von Meridianfernrohren, 1888 (inaugural thesis, review in ''Bulletin Astronomique'', Série I, vol. 5, pp. 298–301 )
*H. Seeliger and Julius Bauschinger: Erstes Münchener Sternverzeichniss : enthaltend die mittleren Örter von 33082 Sternen, 1890
*Julius Bauschinger: Ueber die Biegung von Meridianfernrohren, Neue Annalen der Koeniglichen Sternwarte in Bogenhausen bei Muenchen, vol. 2, pp.D1-D18.2, 1891,
*Julius Bauschinger: Zweites Münchener Sternverzeichniss, enthaltend die mittleren Oerter von 13200 Sternen, für das Aequinoctium 1880, Munich, 1891 (review in Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 2 (1892), 46-48 )
*Julius Bauschinger: Ausgleichsrechnung,
Enzyklopädie der mathematischen Wissenschaften, volume 1-2, pages 768-798, 1900
*Julius Bauschinger: Interpolation, volume 1-2, pages 799-820, 1901
*Julius Bauschinger: Tafeln zur theoretischen Astronomie, 1901 (1st edition), 1934 (2nd edition)
*Julius Bauschinger: Bahnbestimmung der Himmelskörper, 1906 (1st edition), 1928 (2nd edition)
*Julius Bauschinger and Jean Peters: Logarithmisch-trigonometrische Tafeln mit acht Dezimalstellen, 1910, 1911 (2 volumes), 2nd edition in 1936 (with an additional English introduction as a separate brochure), 3rd edition in 1958,
*Julius Bauschinger: Bestimmung und Zusammenhang der Astronomischen Konstanten,
Enzyklopädie der mathematischen Wissenschaften, volume 6-2-1, pages 844-896, 1919
*Julius Bauschinger: Rotation der Himmelskörper,
Enzyklopädie der mathematischen Wissenschaften, volume 6-2-1, pages 995-1019, 1923
Secondary publications
*publications at the
Astronomisches Rechen-Institut
The Astronomical Calculation Institute (german: Astronomisches Rechen-Institut; ARI) is a research institute in Heidelberg, Germany, dating from the 1700s. Beginning in 2005, the ARI became part of the Center for Astronomy at Heidelberg Univers ...
:
*Julius Bauschinger: Zur Frage über die Bewegung des Mercurperihels, Astronomische Nachrichten, volume 109, columns 27-32, 1884
*Julius Bauschinger: Über die Münchener Sterne der Bonner Südlichen Durchmusterung, Astronomische Nachrichten, volume 126, columns 319-322, 1891
*Julius Bauschinger: Ephemeride für den periodischen Cometen Brooks (1889 V), Astronomische Nachrichten, volume 141, 1896, columns 301-302
*Julius Bauschinger: Ephemeride für den periodischen Cometen Brooks (1889 V) 1896 VI, Astronomische Nachrichten, volume 142, number 18, 1897, columns 283-284
*Julius Bauschinger and P. V. Neugebauer: Tabellen zur Geschichte und Statistik der kleinen Planeten, Veröffentlichungen des Königlichen Astronomischen Rechen-Instituts zu Berlin, number 16, 1901, pages 1–16
*Julius Bauschinger: Abhandlungen zur Bahnbestimmung der Cometen : (1772) Insigniores orbitae Cometarum proprietates (1761) ; Observations sur l'Orbite apparante des Comètes (1771) / J. H. Lambert, 1902 (German edition)
*Gottfried Zedler, Julius Bauschinger, and Edward Schröder: Die älteste Gutenbergtype, Mainz, 1902
*Julius Bauschinger: Numerierung neu entdeckter Planeten, Astronomische Nachrichten, volume 167, number 16, 1905, columns 267-268
*Julius Bauschinger: Bahnen neu entdeckter Planeten, Astronomische Nachrichten, volume 167, number 16, 1905, columns 267-272
*Julius Bauschinger: Numerierung neuentdeckter kleiner Planeten, Astronomische Nachrichten, volume 169, 1905, columns 285-286
*Julius Bauschinger: Vorläufige Elemente neuentdeckter kleiner Planeten, Astronomische Nachrichten, volume 174, 1907, columns 53-56
*many other articles here
References
Further reading
*Historical documents:
**G. Wolfschmidt: Strasbourg observatory in German times, In André Heck (ed), The multinational history of Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory, pp. 63–87, 2005
*Obituaries:
**G. Stracke: Julius Bauschinger, Vierteljahrsschrift der Astronomischen Gesellschaft 69, 146
**G. Stracke: Julius Bauschinger,
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
''Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society'' (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in astronomy and astrophysics. It has been in continuous existence since 1827 and publishes letters and papers reporting orig ...
, Vol. 95, p. 336-337, http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1935MNRAS..95..336
**J. Hopmann: Julius Bauschinger, Astronomische Nachrichten, Volume 252 issue 2, pages 29–32
*Leipzig Lexikon: http://www.leipzig-lexikon.de/biogramm/Bauschinger_Julius.htm
*Lutz D. Schmadel: Dictionary of minor planet names, 2005, p. 188
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bauschinger, Julius
1860 births
1934 deaths
People from Fürth
20th-century German astronomers
19th-century German astronomers