Julián Marías Aguilera (17 June 1914 – 15 December 2005) was a Spanish philosopher associated with the Generation of '36 movement. He was a pupil of the Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset and member of the Madrid School.A. Pablo Iannone, ''Dictionary of World Philosophy', Routledge, 2013, p. 328: "Madrid School".

Life and work

Marías was born in the city of

Valladolid Valladolid () is a municipality in Spain and the primary seat of government and de facto capital of the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is also the capital of the province of the same name. It has a population around 300,000 peop ...

, and moved to

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...

at the age of five. He went on to study philosophy at the

Complutense University of Madrid The Complutense University of Madrid ( es, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; UCM, links=no, ''Universidad de Madrid'', ''Universidad Central de Madrid''; la, Universitas Complutensis Matritensis, links=no) is a public research university loc ...

, graduating in 1936. Within months of his graduation the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebelión, link ...

broke out. During the conflict Marías sided with the Republicans, although his actual contributions were limited to propaganda articles and broadcasts. Following the end of the war in 1939, Marías returned to education. His doctoral thesis was rejected by the university, however, and handed over to the police, due to his inclusion of a number of lines critical of the rule of

Franco Franco may refer to: Name * Franco (name) * Francisco Franco (1892–1975), Spanish general and dictator of Spain from 1939 to 1975 * Franco Luambo (1938–1989), Congolese musician, the "Grand Maître" Prefix * Franco, a prefix used when ref ...

. As a consequence of his writings Marías was briefly imprisoned and, upon his release, banned from teaching. Fortunately for Marías the proceeds from the sales of his ''History of Philosophy'', which went through countless editions, meant that the punishment did not seriously damage his livelihood. In 1948 he co-founded, along with his former teacher José Ortega y Gasset, the Instituto de Humanidades (which he went on to head after the death of Ortega in 1955). Between the late 1940s and the 1970s, being unable to teach in Spain, Marías taught at numerous institutions in the

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...

, including

Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of high ...

Yale University Yale University is a Private university, private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the List of Colonial Colleges, third-oldest institution of higher education in the United Sta ...

, Wellesley College,

the University of Oklahoma , mottoeng = "For the benefit of the Citizen and the State" , type = Public research university , established = , academic_affiliations = , endowment = $2.7billion (2021) , pr ...

, and

UCLA The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California. UCLA's academic roots were established in 1881 as a teachers college then known as the southern branch of the California ...

. Marías wrote on a wide variety of subjects during his long career. A subject of particular interest was

Miguel de Cervantes Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (; 29 September 1547 (assumed) – 22 April 1616 NS) was an Early Modern Spanish writer widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's pre-eminent novelists. He is best kno ...

' ''

Don Quixote is a Spanish epic novel by Miguel de Cervantes. Originally published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615, its full title is ''The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha'' or, in Spanish, (changing in Part 2 to ). A founding work of West ...

''. In 1964 he was elected into the Real Academia Española, and he won a

Prince of Asturias award The Princess of Asturias Awards ( es, Premios Princesa de Asturias, links=no, ast, Premios Princesa d'Asturies, links=no), formerly the Prince of Asturias Awards from 1981 to 2014 ( es, Premios Príncipe de Asturias, links=no), are a series of a ...

in 1996. He is the father of novelist

Javier Marías Javier Marías Franco (20 September 1951 – 11 September 2022) was a Spanish author, translator, and columnist. Marías published fifteen novels, including '' A Heart So White'' (''Corazón tan blanco,'' 1992'')'' and '' Tomorrow in the Battle ...

and art historian Fernando Marías, and married the sister of director

Jesús Franco Jesús Franco Manera (12 May 1930 – 2 April 2013) was a Spanish filmmaker, composer, and actor, known as a prolific director of low-budget exploitation and B-movies. In a career spanning from 1959 to 2013, he wrote, directed, produced, act ...

Works

*''Juventud en el mundo antiguo. Crucero universitario por el Mediterráneo'', Espasa Calpe, Madrid, 1934 *''Historia de la filosofía'', with a prologue by Xavier Zubiri, epilogue by José Ortega y Gasset, Revista de Occidente, Madrid 1941 (28th ed., 1976) *''La filosofía del Padre Gratry. La restauración de la Metafísica en el problema de Dios y de la persona'', Escorial, Madrid 1941 *''

Miguel de Unamuno Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo (29 September 1864 – 31 December 1936) was a Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, professor of Greek and Classics, and later rector at the University of Salamanca. His major philosophical essa ...

'', Espasa Calpe, Madrid, 1943 *''El tema del hombre'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1943 *'' San Anselmo y el insensato y otros estudios de filosofía'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1944 *''Introducción a la filosofía'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1947 *''La filosofía española actual. Unamuno, Ortega, Morente, Zubiri'', Espasa Calpe, Madrid, 1948 *''El método histórico de las generaciones'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1949 *''Ortega y tres antípodas. Un ejemplo de intriga intelectual'', Revista de Occidente, Buenos Aires, 1950 *''Biografía de la Filosofía'', Emecé, Buenos Aires, 1954 *''Ensayos de teoría'', Barna, Barcelona, 1954 *''Idea de la Metafísica'', Columba, Buenos Aires, 1954 *''La estructura social. Teoría y método'', Sociedad de Estudios y Publicaciones, Madrid, 1955 *''Filosofía actual y existencialismo en España'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1955 *''El oficio del pensamiento'', Biblioteca Nueva, Madrid, 1958 *''La Escuela de Madrid''. Estudios de filosofía española, Emecé, Buenos Aires, 1959 *''Ortega. I. Circunstancia y vocación'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1960 *''Los españoles'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid. 1962 *''La España posible en tiempo de Carlos III'', Sociedad de Estudios y Publicaciones, Madrid, 1963 *''El tiempo que ni vuelve ni tropieza'', Edhasa, Barcelona, 1964 *''Análisis de los Estados Unidos'', Guadarrama, Madrid, 1968 *''Antropología metafísica. La estructura empírica de la vida humana'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1970 *''Visto y no visto. Crónicas de cine'', Guadarrama, Madrid, 1970, 2 vols. *''Imagen de la India e Israel: una resurrección'', Revista de Occidente, Madrid, 1973 *''Problemas del cristianismo'', BAC, Madrid, 1979 *''La mujer en el siglo XX'', Alianza, Madrid, 1980 *''Ortega. II. Las trayectorias'', Alianza, Madrid, 1983 *''España inteligible. Razón histórica de las Españas'', Alianza, Madrid, 1985 *''La mujer y su sombra'', Alianza, Madrid, 1986 *''Ser español'', Planeta, Barcelona, 1987 *''Una vida presente. Memorias'', Alianza, Madrid, 1988–1989, 3 vols.: I (1914–1951), II (1951–1975), III (1975–1989). *''La felicidad humana'', Alianza, Madrid 1989 *''Generaciones y constelaciones'', Alianza, Madrid, 1989 *''

Cervantes Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (; 29 September 1547 (assumed) – 22 April 1616 Old Style and New Style dates, NS) was an Early Modern Spanish writer widely regarded as the greatest writer in the Spanish language and one of the world's pre-emin ...

, clave española'', Alianza, Madrid, 1990 *''Acerca de Ortega'', Espasa Calpe, Madrid, 1991 *''La educación sentimental'', Alianza, Madrid, 1992 *''Razón de la filosofía'', Alianza, Madrid, 1993 *''Mapa del mundo personal'', Alianza, Madrid 1993 *''El cine de Julián Marías. Escritos sobre cine'', compilation edited by Fernando Alonso, Royal Books, Barcelona, 1994, 2 vols. *''Tratado de lo mejor'', Alianza, Madrid, 1995 *''Persona'', Alianza, Madrid, 1996 *''Sobre el cristianismo'', Planeta Testimonio, Barcelona, 1997 *''El curso del tiempo'', Tomos I y II, Alianza, 1998. 2 vols. *''Tratado sobre la convivencia'', Martínez Roca, Barcelona 2000 *''Entre dos siglos'', Alianza, Madrid, 2002 *''Obras'', Revista de Occidente / Alianza Editorial, Madrid 1958–1970, 10 vols.

Selected works in translation

*''History of Philosophy'', translated from Spanish by Stanley Appelbaum and Clarence C. Strowbridge, Dover Publications Inc., New York, 1967. *''Philosophy as Dramatic Theory'' *''Metaphysical Anthropology: The Empirical Structure of Human Life'' *''America in the Fifties and Sixties: Julián Marías on the United States'' *''Biography of Philosophy'' *''The Christian Perspective''

References

External links

HardTalk Extra: Javier Marías
interview in which Javier Marías discusses his father.
Introducción a La Rebelión de la masas
{{DEFAULTSORT:Marias, Julian 1914 births 2005 deaths People from Valladolid 20th-century Spanish philosophers Harvard University faculty Spanish philosophers Spanish male writers Spanish Roman Catholics Members of the Royal Spanish Academy University of California, Los Angeles faculty Wellesley College faculty Yale University faculty Complutense University of Madrid alumni Spanish expatriates in the United States