Jules François Toutain (20 November 1865,

Vincennes Vincennes (, ) is a commune in the Val-de-Marne department in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. It is next to but does not include the Château de Vincennes and Bois de Vincennes, which are attached ...

– 18 January 1961, Paris) was a French

archeologist Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts ...

. The son of the professor Henri Toutain, he studied at the

Lycée Charlemagne The Lycée Charlemagne is located in the Marais quarter of the 4th arrondissement of Paris, the capital city of France. Constructed many centuries before it became a lycée, the building originally served as the home of the Order of the Jesuit ...

before entering the

École Normale Supérieure École may refer to: * an elementary school in the French educational stages normally followed by secondary education establishments (collège and lycée) * École (river), a tributary of the Seine flowing in région Île-de-France * École, Savoi ...

in 1885. A professor at the École Normale Supérieure, Toutain was president of the Academy of Sciences in Semur and director of excavations in Alésia until 1958.Les historiens français : la construction d’une discipline académique (1800–2005)
/ref> In addition to the excavations at Alésia, his research was on the history of

Roman Africa Roman Africa may refer to the following areas of Northern Africa which were part of the Imperium Romanum and/or the Western/Byzantine successor empires : ; in the unified Roman empire : * Africa (Roman province), with the great metropolis Cartha ...

, in particular on the area of modern-day

Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...

, and on the history of religions in the

Roman Empire The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterr ...

, in which he opposed the theories of

Franz Cumont __NOTOC__ Franz-Valéry-Marie Cumont (3 January 1868 in Aalst, Belgium – 20 August 1947 in Woluwe-Saint-Pierre near Brussels) was a Belgian archaeologist and historian, a philologist and student of epigraphy, who brought these often isolated ...

. Toutain died at the age of 95, in his apartment on the Rue du Four in the

6th arrondissement of Paris The 6th arrondissement of Paris (''VIe arrondissement'') is one of the 20 Arrondissements of Paris, arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, it is referred to as ''le sixième''. The arrondissement, called Luxembourg in ...

Publications

* ''Histoire contemporaine jusqu'au milieu du XIXeme siecle'', 1929 * ''Histoire de l'antiquité'', 1911 * ''Histoire du Moyen Âge'', 1911 * ''Histoire moderne'', 1913 * ''Histoire de France et histoire générale de 1789 à nos jours'', 1910 * ''L'Idée religieuse de la rédemption et l'un de ses principaux rites dans l'antiquité grecque et romaine'', 1916 * ''L'Économie antique'', 1927 (Collection ''L'Évolution de l'humanité'') * ''La Gaule antique vue dans Alésia'', 1932 * ''Les Cultes païens dans l'Empire romain'', 1917–1920 * ''Les Northmans en Islande au Moyen Âge'', 1898 * ''La Légende de la déesse phrygienne Cybèle, ses transformations'', 1909 * ''Alésia. Son histoire, sa résurrection'', 1912 * ''Histoire de l'Europe et particulièrement de la France depuis la fin du V° siècle jusqu'à la guerre de Cent ans'', 1925 * ''Les Origines historiques de la Société des Nations...'', 1925 * ''Chronique des fouilles : la campagne de 1924... rapport adressé à M. le Ministre de l'instruction publique et des beaux-arts par M. J. Toutain...'', 1926 * ''Un Grand héros national : Vercingétorix'', 1934 * ''À la recherche d'Alésia, Alaise ou Alise ?'', 1952 * ''Les cités romaines de la Tunisie : Essai sur l'histoire de la Colonisation romaine dans l'Afrique du Nord'', 1895 * ''Discours prononcés à la séance de clôture du Congrès le samedi 23 avril 1927 / par M. Jules Toutain et M. Edouard Herriot, Congrès des Sociétés savantes à Paris'', 1928 * ''Note sur les puits découverts à Alesia en 1909'', 1911 * ''Notes d'épigraphie et d'archéologie tunisienne'', 1907, Bulletin archéologique * ''Histoire de l'Orient et de la Grèce'', 1923 * ''Comment s'est formée dès l'Antiquité la nationalité française'', 1936

References

External links

* Robert Schilling
Nécrologie : Jules Toutain (1865–1961)
École pratique des hautes études, Section des sciences religieuses, Annuaire 1961–1962, 1960, . 19th-century French archaeologists 20th-century French archaeologists People from Vincennes 1865 births 1961 deaths École Normale Supérieure alumni French classical scholars 20th-century French historians {{France-archaeologist-stub