Ju Zheng (; November 8, 1876 – November 23, 1951) né Ju Zhijun (居之骏), was a Chinese politician who was a leader in the

Chinese Nationalist Party The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Ta ...

, or KMT, in the 1930s and 1940s. As president of the Judicial Yuan, he administered China's court system from 1932 to 1948. He ran in the presidential election of 1948 as the token opponent of Chiang Kai-shek. He was also known by his

courtesy name A courtesy name (), also known as a style name, is a name bestowed upon one at adulthood in addition to one's given name. This practice is a tradition in the East Asian cultural sphere, including China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.Ulrich Theob ...

Juesheng (Chueh-sheng, 覺生 / 觉生).

Life and career

Ju was born in Guangji, Huangzhou in Hubei Province (modern Wuxue city) on November 8, 1876. He joined the

Tongmenghui The Tongmenghui of China (or T'ung-meng Hui, variously translated as Chinese United League, United League, Chinese Revolutionary Alliance, Chinese Alliance, United Allegiance Society, ) was a secret society and underground resistance movement ...

, a revolutionary party founded by Sun Yat-sen, while studying law at

Nihon University , abbreviated as , is a private university, private research university in Japan. Its predecessor, Nihon Law School (currently the Department of Law), was founded by Yamada Akiyoshi, the Minister of Justice (Japan), Minister of Justice, in 1889. ...

in Japan in 1907. Later, he worked for Chinese-language newspapers in Rangoon and Singapore. He returned to China to work for an anti-Qing revolutionary faction in Hubei. In 1912, he was briefly vice minister of the interior in the Provisional Government in Nanjing with Sun as president. He was commander of the Woosung Forts north of Shanghai during the Second Revolution in July 1913. In 1916, he led an uprising against

Yuan Shikai Yuan Shikai (; 16 September 1859 – 6 June 1916) was a Chinese military and government official who rose to power during the late Qing dynasty and eventually ended the Qing dynasty rule of China in 1912, later becoming the Emperor of China. H ...

in Shandong and briefly captured the city of Weixian. In 1921, Sun appointed him interior minister for the Nationalist administration in Guangzhou. Ju was a founding member of the

Western Hills Group The Western Hills Group was a faction of the Chinese Nationalist Party, or KMT, active in the 1920s. The faction was formed at a meeting of KMT leaders opposed to communist influence held at Biyun Temple in the Western Hills district of Beijing in ...

, formed after Sun died in 1925. This group opposed communist influence in the KMT. Ju was appointed president of the Judicial Yuan by Chiang in 1932. This was one of the five branches of government in the KMT system. In the presidential election of April 20, 1948, Ju was persuaded to oppose Chiang's candidacy and received 10 percent of the vote in the National Assembly, with Chiang elected overwhelmingly. After he resigned as president of the Judicial Yuan on July 1, 1948, Ju was appointed to the

Control Yuan The Control Yuan is the supervisory and auditory branch of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Prior to constitutional reforms in the 1990s, the Control Yuan, along with National Assembly (electoral college) and the Legislati ...

, an auditing board. When the KMT was defeated by the Chinese Communists in 1949, Ju fled to Taiwan.

Tamkang College of English

Ju co-founded Tamkang College of English, now

Tamkang University Tamkang University (TKU; ) is a private university in Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan. It was founded in 1950 as a junior college of English literature. Today it is a comprehensive university with 11 colleges that serves nearly 25,000 ...

, in Taipei in 1950Wang, Jun
總統先生的同學會:36個台灣艾森豪的故事
(36 famous alumni) as the first Director of the Board when , his son-in-law and ex-president of Tamkang Middle School consulted him to establish a higher education facility in Taiwan. He died on November 23, 1951. Ju Haoran, his son, succeeded him as president of Tamkang. November 8, Ju's birthday, is marked annually as the school's founding day. The school's Chueh Sheng Memorial Library is named in his honor.Tamkang University Chueh Sheng Memorial Library
Chronology.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ju, Zheng Nihon University alumni Members of the Kuomintang 1876 births 1951 deaths Taiwanese people from Hubei Presidents of the Judicial Yuan Members of the Control Yuan Chief justices