Joypurhat ( bn, জয়পুরহাট জেলা, ''Joypurhat Jela'', also ''Joypurhat Zila'') is a

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municipa ...

in the northern part of

Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...

. It is one of the 8 districts of

Rajshahi Division Rajshahi Division ( bn, রাজশাহী বিভাগ) is one of the eight first-level administrative divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of and a population at the 2011 Census of 18,484,858. Rajshahi Division consists of 8 district ...

History

Ancient history

Joypurhat was an area under the

Pala Empire The Pāla Empire (r. 750-1161 CE) was an imperial power during the post-classical period in the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal. It is named after its ruling dynasty, whose rulers bore names ending with the suffi ...

Sena dynasty The Sena dynasty was a Hindu dynasty during the early medieval period on the Indian subcontinent, that ruled from Bengal through the 11th and 12th centuries. The empire at its peak covered much of the north-eastern region of the Indian subcont ...

for a long period of time. Till 16th and 17th centuries, there was no clear information about Joypurhat's history. Previously the local name for Joypurhat was ''Baghabarihat''. Later it was called ''Gopendraganjahat'' in many archives. Once Lalbazar Thana was established by containing the present

Joypurhat Sadar Upazila Joypurhat Sadar ( bn, জয়পুরহাট সদর) is an upazila of Joypurhat District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Geography Joypurhat Sadar is located at . It has 45484 households and total area 238.54 km2. Joypurhat ...

and

Panchbibi Upazila Panchbibi ( bn, পাঁচবিবি) is an upazila of Joypurhat District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. It is bounded by Hakimpur and Ghoraghat upazilas and West Bengal of India on the north, Joypurhat Sadar upazila on the south, G ...

. The thana was located on the east side of Small Jamuna River named Puranapoil. Then Puranapoil Union was known as Karimnagar. A post office was established in Lalbazar Thana. The sub-registry office was established in Nawabganj. There were many Neelkuthi established in this area. At that era, Lalbazar Thana was a town. Back then it was the only work for the ordinary people of that area. From Lalbazar Thana, Small Jamuna River gorge, the whole travel, commerce, and trade were maintained. At that period Lalbazar Thana,

Khetlal Upazila Khetlal ( bn, ক্ষেতলাল) is an upazila of Joypurhat District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Khetlal Thana was formed in 1847 and it was turned into an upazila on 3 July 1983. Khetlal Municipality was declared on 9 December ...

& Badalgachhi Upazila were under Dinajpur District. As Dinajpur District,

Rangpur District Rangpur ( bn, রংপুর) is a district in Northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rangpur Division. Geography Under the Rangpur Division (one of eight divisions) composed of eight districts of northern Bangladesh, the District of Rangpur ...

Rajshahi District Rajshahi District ( bn, রাজশাহী জেলা) is a district in mid-western Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. The metropolitan city of Rajshahi is in Rajshahi District. Geography Rajshahi district is bounded by Naoga ...

were very large, in 1821, a new district was formed from the three districts and named

Bogra District Bogra District, officially known as Bogura District, is a district in the northern part of Bangladesh, in the Rajshahi Division. Bogra is an industrial city where many small and mid-sized companies are sited. Bogra was a part of the ancient Pun ...

. At that time,

occupied by Adamdighi,

Bogra Sadar Bogra Sadar Upazila ( bn, বগুড়া সদর উপজেলা) is an upazila of Bogra District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Bogra Thana was established in 1821 and was converted into an upazila in 1983. The upazila takes its ...

, Sherpur from

; two upazila from

and

, Badalgachhi Upazila, Lalbazar Thana from Dinajpur. Later, on December 16, 1868, Lalbazar Police Thana was moved to Khasbaguri. The local name of Khasbabri was Panchbibi. In 1884, from

Kolkata District Kolkata district (formerly known as Calcutta district) is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal, headquartered in Kolkata. History Long before the British came to India, the ''zamindari'' (land lordship) of all lands from Barisha to ...

Jalpaiguri District Jalpaiguri district () is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. The district was established in 1869 during British Raj. The headquarters of the district are in the city of Jalpaiguri, which is also the divisional headquarters of No ...

British Raj The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was him ...

the railway line established. Among this railway line, 8 railway station was built in the present Joypurhat District. In that time Baghabari was the local name of Joypurhat and Baghabari railway station was the name of Joypurhat railway station. After establishing the railway station the people gathered more in the railway area more than in the riverside area of Small Jamuna River. People in the surrounding villages of the railway have increased gradually settled. Gradually the Khajanapur and Lalbazar Hat goes extinct. The name of 'Baghabari railway station' was replaced by the name Joypurhat railway station. And from that, the whole area became known to Joypurhat to all. Some say that Joypurhat was renamed from the name of

King JoyPal who ruled here in his period.

Geography

Rivers

Bangladesh is a country of many

river A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases, a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of w ...

s. There are mainly five rivers in Joypurhat District. They are: * Small Jamuna River passes through

and

. * Tulshiganga River passes through Joypurhat Sadar Upazila,

and

Akkelpur Upazila Akkelpur ( bn, আক্কেলপুর) is an upazila of Joypurhat District in the division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Geography Akkelpur is located at , with a total area of 139.47 km2. It is the smallest upazila in Joypurhat Zila. Demog ...

. * Chiri River passes through Panchbibi Upazila. * Haraboti River passes through Panchbibi Upazila. * Sree River passes through Chakbarkat Joypurhat Sadar Upazila.

Climate

Joypurhat is a

Tropical climate Tropical climate is the first of the five major climate groups in the Köppen climate classification identified with the letter A. Tropical climates are defined by a monthly average temperature of 18 °C (64.4 °F) or higher in the cool ...

. In winter there is much more rainfall in Joypurhat than in summer. According to The

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...

, The average annual temperature in here is 25.4 °C and The average annual rainfall is 1738 mm. The driest month is December with 3 mm. Most

precipitation In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravitational pull from clouds. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, ice pellets, graupel and hail. ...

falls in July, with an average of 364 mm. The warmest month of the year is August with an average temperature of 28.9 °C. In January, the average temperature is 18 °C. It is the lowest average temperature of the whole year. The difference in precipitation between the driest month and the wettest month is 361 mm. The average temperatures vary during the year by 10.9 °C.

Demographics

According to the 2011 Bangladesh census, Joypurhat District had a population of 913,768, of which 459,284 were males and 454,484 females. Rural population was 769,858 (84.25%) while the urban population was 143,910 (15.75%). Joypurhat district had a literacy rate of 57.48% for the population 7 years and above: 61.39% for males and 53.55% for females. Muslims make up 89.66% of the population, while Hindus are 8.83% and Christians 0.53% of the population respectively. Other religions (mainly Sarna) are 0.97% of the population. Ethnic minorities were 23,139 (2.53%), mainly Santals.

Economy

Joypurhat's economy is mainly based on seasonal crops like rice, potato, wheat, onion, mango, jackfruit, and banana. It also produces a huge amount of sugarcane and it holds the country's largest sugar mill, Joypurhat Sugar Mill's Limited. There are also a lot of industries, rice mills and poultry farm sin this district. It exports many agricultural products. Hili land port is very close to Joypurhat district, so many people of this district do export-import business by this port and about all the vehicles of this port run over this district. This district is appropriate for all kind of business. Joypurhat sugarmill at dusk

Arts and culture

Joypurhat is a district of rural or rich folk culture. In

period, many festivals such as keerton (কীর্তন), jaree (জারী), palagaan (পালাগান), kabigaan (কবিগান), baul (বাউল), murshidee (মুর্শিদী), lokgeeti (লোকগীতি), bhaoyaiya (ভাওয়াইয়া), and jattra (যাত্রা) were held on various occasions. After 1971, many cultural organizations established in this district level and

upazila An ''upazila'' ( bn, উপজেলা, upôzela, lit=sub-district pronounced: ), formerly called ''thana'', is an administrative region in Bangladesh, functioning as a sub-unit of a district. It can be seen as an analogous to a county or a ...

level.

Cultural groups

* AKAVA, Amra Kaj Valobashi, Establish 1982, Executive Director: Mr. Robiul Alom Chowdhury (আমরা কাজ ভালবাসি আকাভা, নির্বাহি পরিচালক, রবিউল আলম চৌধুরী) * Shopno Chaya Community Center (স্বপ্নছায়া কমিউনিটি সেন্টার) * Joypurhat Shilpakala Academy (জয়পুরহাট শিল্প কলা একাডেমী) * Joypurhat Shishu Academy (জয়পুরহাট শিশু একাডেমী) * Conference of the National Council of Rabindra Sangeet (জাতীয় রবীন্দ্র সঙ্গীত সম্মেলন পরিষদ) * Baul Cultural Organization (বাউল সাংস্কৃতিক সংগঠন) * Joypurhat Music Cycle (জয়পুরহাট সঙ্গীত চক্র) * Saragama Cultural Organization (সারগাম সাংস্কৃতিক সংগঠন) * Samitma Theatre and Music Schools (শামিত্ম থিয়েটার ও সঙ্গীত বিদ্যালয়) * Joypurhat Library and Club (জয়পুরহাট লাইব্রেরী এন্ড ক্লাব) * Joypurhat Theatre (জয়পুরহাট থিয়েটার) * Drama Circle (ড্রামা সার্কেল) * Loko Songskriti Porishod * Skip It Production * ABC Group

Points of interest

Jamalganj is situated 10 km south west of Joypurhat. Pahar Pur (Buddhist Bihar), largely known as Sompur Bihar, is situated 6 km(approx)north-west of Jamalganj which is a symbol of past legacy of our knowledge on philosophy, architecture, arts and sculptures. It is UNESCO (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization) certified world heritage site. Jamalganj is known for its long traditional bazar (in English market) fore surrounded places. It is also known for its agricultural products like banana, paddy, rice, wheat, and potato. Also famous for its coal (bituminous) and cement.

Administration

Sub-districts

Joypurhat has five subdistricts (

s):

Municipalities

There are five municipalities in Joypurhat District. Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Yasin (Bengali- মোহাম্মদ ইয়াছিন)
Mayor: MD Mustafizur Rahaman Mostak (Bengali- মোঃ মুস্তাফিজুর রহমান মোস্তাক)

Parliamentary seats

Joypurhat has two parliament seats: Joypurhat-1 and Joypurhat-2.

Transport

Roads

Joypurhat is a small district in

. It has 342.59 km cobbled road, 61.59 km semi-cobbled road and 1569 km raw road.

Railway stations

Joypurhat contains eight railway stations. The total railways of Joypurhat are 38.86 km. * Joypurhat railway station,

* Panchbibi railway station,

* Jamalganj railway station,

Akkelpur railway station Akkelpur railway station is a railway station in Akkelpur, Joypurhat District, Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh. See also * Joypurhat District * Joypurhat railway station * Bangladesh Railway * Santahar railway station * Kamalapur railway station ...

, Akkelpur Upazila * Jafarpur railway station, Akkelpur Upazila * Tilakpur railway station, Akkelpur Upazila * Bagjana railway station, Panchbibi Upazila Joypurhat Railway Station was established in 1884 in the

period. It is a very important

railway station Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the vehicles run on a prep ...

in the northern part of Bangladesh.

Education

There are 27 colleges in the district. They include Akkelpur Mujibar Rahman College, Amdai United Degree College, Joypurhat Government College, founded 1946, Joypurhat Government Women's College (1972), Joypurhat Womens Degree College, Kalai Degree College, Khetlal Syeed Altafunnesa College, and Mohipur Haji Mohsin Government College (1969).

Joypurhat Girls' Cadet College Joypurhat Girls' Cadet College ( bn, জয়পুরহাট গার্লস ক্যাডেট কলেজ) is a military high school for girls, located in Joypurhat District, Bangladesh. Cadet colleges are under the auspices of the ...

, founded in 2006, is a military high school and college for girls. According to Banglapedia, Haripur High School, founded in 1917, Joypurhat Government Girls' High School (1977), Kalai Moyen Uddin High School (1913), Khanjanpur High School (1901), Khanjanpur Mission Girl's High School (1919), R.B. Govt. High School (1946), Sonamukhi High School (1916), Teghar High School (1940), and Uchai Jerka S.C. High School (1925) are notable secondary schools.

Religion

The district of Joypurhat has 2573 mosques, 186 mosque-based library, 675 trained Imam, 2200 Imam, 424 temples, 21 churches and 18

Buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...

temples. Hinda - Kasba Shahi Mosque is one such mosque in Joypurhat.

Literature

Joypurhat is a district of ancient civilization and culture organizations. In the time period of old and mid era, Joypurhat contained knowledge ruled and Gauri (গৌরী) literature. Bengali literature poet Jayadeva Goswami (জয়দেব গোস্বামী) is the piece child of Joypurhat.

Notable personalities

In modern era Joypurhat contains many poets. Among them poet-litterateur: * Ataur Rahman (আতাউর রহমান) * Nazrul Criticism Book (নজরুল সমালোচনা) * Dr. Jahangir Chowdhury(ডঃ জাহাঙ্গীর চৌধুরী) – Modern Koryar Poem (আধুনিক কোরয়ার কবিতা) * Abbas Ali Khan(আববাছ আলী খান) – Smritir Sagore Dheu (স্মৃতির সাগরে ঢেউ) * Mohasin Ali Dewan(মহসীন আলী দেওয়ান) * Sahadat Hossain(সাহাদৎ হোসাইন) * Mozahar Hossain Jamalee(মোজাহার হোসেন জামালী) – Jeebon Nadir Bake Bake (জীবন নদীর বাঁকে বাঁকে) * S.M. Ansar Ali(এস এম আনছার আলী) – Je Agun Nive Na (যে আগুন নিভলোনা) * Playwright MD Alauddin(নাট্যকার মোঃ আলাউদ্দিন) * Rezaul Karim(রেজাউল করিম) – Porajito Shaliker Anusochona (পরাজিত শালিকের অনুশোচনা) * Sachindranath Barman(শচীন্দ্রনাথ বর্মন) * Tahura Begum(তহুরা বেগম) * Sayed Emdad Ali Dewan(সৈয়দ এমদাদ আলী দেওয়ান) * Abdus Chattar(আবদুস ছাত্তার) * Doctor Abu Haidar Sazedur Rahman ( Kuasha, Nayagra etc. ) * Azizul Hauqe Biswas ( Obbacto Dristi ) * Jaton Kumar Devnath ( Schorar Ghora ) * Najrul Isalm ( Jiboner Bornomala ) * Aminul Haque Babul ( Pothe Jete jete ) * Kobita Pervin ( Nisha Bai ) * Shahana Bithi ( Door Subas ) * Mojammel Hossen ( Shuktara ) * Roushon Ara Pervin ( Ghass Foring-er-Beye ) * Abdus Sattar Mridha, akkelpur ( Onuswar Bisorgo Chondrabindu ) * Mohammad Ali Masum ( protarona ) * Playwright Mansurul Aziz (Firiye Dao Oronno,Shongkito Podojatra,Otoshi,Shimultolir ghat-e etc.)

Notes

References

External links

* {{Authority control Districts of Bangladesh