José María Rosa (August 20, 1906 – July 2, 1991), also known as ''Pepe'' Rosa, was an
Argentine historian, one of the most notable of the Argentine nationalist
revisionist historians.
Biography
Rosa was born in Buenos Aires in 1906. He studied law, later teaching history at high schools and universities. In 1938, he established in Santa Fe the Institute of Federalist Studies, studying the
history of Argentina
The history of Argentina can be divided into four main parts: the pre-Columbian time or early history (up to the sixteenth century), the colonial period (1536–1809), the period of nation-building (1810–1880), and the history of modern Argenti ...
under a
revisionist viewpoint. His view of the past was used to justify critics of contemporary country, and considered that there was an ongoing neglect of national authorities of national interests since the May Revolution. Those viewpoints, as well as the positive
image of
Juan Manuel de Rosas, were shared by all revisionists, but they were divided by the rise of the
peronism. Unlike
Julio Irazusta
Julio Alberto Gustavo Irazusta (23 July 1899 - 5 May 1982) was an Argentine writer and politician who was one of the leading lights of the nationalist movement of the 1920s and 1930s. He collaborated closely with his older brother Rodolfo Irazus ...
, who was anti-
Perón, Rosa supported his government. His support increased when the ''
Revolución Libertadora'' attempted a coup against Perón; he would join the Perónist resistance.
From there, Rosa started working in the history of the Argentine population, which he saw as potentially revolutionary at times, but always oppressed by the higher classes. He saw Perónism as a revolutionary movement, capable of promoting the delayed changes in society. He supported in 1956 the failed attempt of general Valle against Aramburu. Fearing a political reaction, he moved to Uruguay and then to Spain, returning in 1958. He joined the
Juan Manuel de Rosas National Institute of Historical Investigations, becoming its president several times. He was designated ambassador to Paraguay during the third government of Perón; he would resign following his death and moved to Greece. He returned during the
National Reorganization Process; however, his books were banned and taken out of public libraries. He founded a magazine called ''Línea'' ("The voice of those who do not have a voice"), which was censored many times. He died on July 2, 1991.
At his request, November 20 was declared National Sovereignty Day (''Día de la Soberanía Nacional'') in commemoration of the 1845 battle of
Vuelta de Obligado. His ideas about the history of Argentina had prominent acceptance, and, according to his adherents, they are currently accepted as mainstream.
[Gelman, p. 312]
Works
*''Más allá del código'' (Beyond the code) (1933)
*''Interpretación religiosa de la historia'' (Religious interpretation of history) (1936)
*''Defensa y pérdida de nuestra independencia económica'' (Defense and loss of our economic independence) (1943)
*''Artigas, prócer de la nacionalidad'' (Artigas, leader of nationality) (1949)
*''La misión García ante Lord Strangford'' (The García mission before Lord Strangford) (1951)
*''El cóndor ciego; la extraña muerte de Lavalle'' (The blind cóndor; Lavalle's strange death) (1952)
*''Nos, los representantes del pueblo'' (We, the people's representatives) (1955)
*''Del municipio indiano a la provincia Argentina'' (From the Indian municipality to the Argentine province) (1958)
*''La caída de Rosas'' (The fall of Rosas) (1958)
*''El pronunciamiento de Urquiza'' (The uprising of Urquiza) (1960)
*''Artigas, la revolución de mayo y la unidad Hispano-americana'' (Artigas, the May Revolution and the Hispanic-American unit) (1960)
*''El revisionismo responde'' (Revisionism answers) (1964)
*''Rivadavia y el imperialismo financiero'' (Rivadavia and financial imperialism) (1964)
*''La guerra del Paraguay y las montoneras argentinas'' (The war of Paraguay and the Argentine montoneras) (1965)
*''Doctores, militares e ingleses en la independencia nacional'' (Doctors, military and English people in the national independence) (1968)
*''Historia del revisionismo'' (History of revisionism) (1968)
*''Rosas, nuestro contemporáneo'' (Rosas, our contemporary) (1970)
*''Historia Argentina'' (Argentine History; 13 volumes) (1970)
*''El fetiche de la constitución'' (The fetish of the constitution) (1984)
*''Análisis de la dependencia Argentina'' (Analysis of the Argentine dependency) (?)
Bibliography
*
* Jose Maria Rosa. ''Historia del revisionismo y otros ensayos''. Editorial Merlín, Buenos Aires, 1968.
References
External links
*
BiographyArgentine historian José María Rosa
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rosa, Jose Maria
20th-century Argentine historians
Argentine diplomats
Argentine nationalists
Ambassadors of Argentina to Paraguay
Argentine essayists
Male essayists
Argentine male writers
Writers from Buenos Aires
Peronists
1906 births
1991 deaths
20th-century essayists