José María Bocanegra (; 25 May 1787 – 23 July 1862) was a Mexican lawyer and statesman who was briefly interim president of Mexico on December, 1829 during a coup attempt against president

Vicente Guerrero Vicente Ramón Guerrero (; baptized August 10, 1782 – February 14, 1831) was one of the leading revolutionary generals of the Mexican War of Independence. He fought against Spain for independence in the early 19th century, and later served as ...

. He was appointed interim president by congress while President Guerrero personally led his troops against the insurrection. Five days later the rebels stormed the

National Palace Buildings called National Palace include: * National Palace (Dominican Republic), in Santo Domingo *National Palace (El Salvador), in San Salvador *National Palace (Ethiopia), in Addis Ababa; also known as the Jubilee Palace *National Palace (Guatem ...

and overthrew Bocanegra, upon which they set up an executive triumvirate led by Pedro Velez.

Biography

Bocanegra graduated from the Colegio de San Ildefonso in

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...

, becoming a lawyer. During the colonial period he was a lawyer for the '' Audiencia'' and a member of the College of Attorneys. He was vice-president of the Committee of Charity of the Hospice for the Poor. He became a deputy to the first Mexican Constituent Congress in 1824. He supported

Agustín de Iturbide Agustín de Iturbide (; 27 September 178319 July 1824), full name Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Arámburu and also known as Agustín of Mexico, was a Mexican army general and politician. During the Mexican War of Independence, he built ...

's ascent to the imperial throne (

Plan de Iguala The Plan of Iguala, also known as The Plan of the Three Guarantees ("Plan Trigarante") or Act of Independence of North America, was a revolutionary proclamation promulgated on 24 February 1821, in the final stage of the Mexican War of Independenc ...

), but opposed his exercise of arbitrary power. Bocanegra entered the Chamber of Deputies in 1827, and on 26 January 1829, President

Guadalupe Victoria Guadalupe Victoria (; 29 September 178621 March 1843), born José Miguel Ramón Adaucto Fernández y Félix, was a Mexican general and political leader who fought for independence against the Spanish Empire in the Mexican War of Independence. ...

named him Minister of Internal and External Relations. He continued to hold this position with the change of administration to

, until 1 April 1829. On 4 December 1829, Vice-President

Anastasio Bustamante Anastasio Bustamante y Oseguera (; 27 July 1780 – 6 February 1853) was a Mexican physician, general, and politician who served as president of Mexico three times. He participated in the Mexican War of Independence initially as a royalist bef ...

rose in revolt against Guerrero ( Plan de Jalapa). Guerrero received permission from Congress to take the field to combat the rebels. On 16 December 1829, Bocanegra was appointed interim president by

Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ...

during Guerrero's absence by virtue of his position as president of the Supreme Court. He took office on December 18 and served until 23 December 1829, for only six days. On the latter date, the military garrison of Mexico City joined the Plan de Jalapa and withdrew recognition of Bocanegra. They installed an executive

triumvirate A triumvirate ( la, triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs ( la, triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three leaders in a triumvirate are ...

of Pedro Vélez,

Lucas Alamán Lucas Ignacio Alamán y Escalada ( Guanajuato, New Spain, October 18, 1792 – Mexico City, Mexico, June 2, 1853) was a Mexican scientist, conservative statesman, historian, and writer. He came from an elite Guanajuato family and was well-tr ...

and

Luis de Quintanar José Luis de Quintanar Soto y Ruiz (December 22, 1772 in San Juan del Río, Querétaro – November 16, 1837 in Mexico City) was a Royalist military officer in colonial New Spain, and a politician after the 1821 independence of Mexico. Qui ...

. Bocanegra returned to his professional duties as a lawyer. Later, Bocanegra was Minister of the Treasury under Presidents Valentín Gómez Farías and

Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón (; 21 February 1794 – 21 June 1876),Callcott, Wilfred H., "Santa Anna, Antonio Lopez De,''Handbook of Texas Online'' Retrieved 18 April 2017. usually known as Santa Ann ...

(26 April 1833 to 12 December 1833) and Minister of External Relations and of the Treasury under presidents Santa Anna,

Nicolás Bravo Nicolás Bravo (10 September 1786 – 22 April 1854) was a Mexican soldier and politician who first distinguished himself during the Mexican War of Independence. He was Mexico's first vice-president though while holding this office Bravo ...

and

Valentín Canalizo Valentín Canalizo (14 January 1794 – 20 February 1850), was a Mexican general and statesman who served twice as interim president during the Centralist Republic of Mexico and was later made Minister of War during the Mexican American War. A ...

(through 18 August 1844). Bocanegra was known as an honorable and capable man who was uncomfortable participating in politics but felt it to be his duty to do so. He wrote the ''Memorias para la Historia de México Independiente''. His nephew

Francisco González Bocanegra Francisco González Bocanegra (January 8, 1824 – April 11, 1861) was a Mexican poet who wrote the lyrics of the Mexican National Anthem in 1853. He was born in San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí to Spanish soldier José María González Yá� ...

was the author of the

Himno Nacional Mexicano The "Mexican National Anthem" ( es, Himno Nacional Mexicano, nah, Mexihcaletepetlacuicalt), also known by its incipit "Mexicans, at the cry of war" ( es, Mexicanos, al grito de guerra), is the national anthem of Mexico. The anthem was first u ...

(the Mexican National Anthem). José María Bocanegra died on 23 July 1862 in the Federal District.

References

External links

Short biography

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bocanegra, Jose Maria 1787 births 1862 deaths People from Calvillo Municipality Presidents of Mexico Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) Mexican Secretaries of Foreign Affairs Mexican Secretaries of the Interior 19th-century Mexican politicians 19th-century rulers in North America 1820s in Mexico 19th-century Mexican lawyers Politicians from Aguascalientes

Biography

See also

References

Further reading

External links