Johnson Products Company (JPC) is a privately held American business based in

Chicago, Illinois (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...

. It is best known for manufacturing a line of hair care and cosmetic products for

African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...

consumers under the names ''Afro Sheen'' and ''Ultra Sheen''. The company was a longtime sponsor of the syndicated US television dance show ''

Soul Train ''Soul Train'' is an American musical variety television show. It aired in syndication from October 2, 1971, to March 25, 2006. Across its 35-year history the show primarily featured performances by R&B, soul, and hip hop artists. The series ...

'' until that program's cancellation.

History

In 1954, salesman George E. Johnson, Sr., his wife Joan Johnson, and a barber who later left the company formed what would become Johnson Products with a $250 loan. The company produced Ultra Wave, a hair relaxer aimed at men that George developed while at Fuller Products, an African American cosmetics company. The product was sold in Chicago,

Harlem Harlem is a neighborhood in Upper Manhattan, New York City. It is bounded roughly by the Hudson River on the west; the Harlem River and 155th Street on the north; Fifth Avenue on the east; and Central Park North on the south. The greater Ha ...

and other African American neighborhoods of New York City to barbers. Joan repositioned the product in 1957 as Ultra Sheen and marketed it to women. The product was aimed at African American women who straightened their hair to eliminate the need to use a

hot comb A hot comb (also known as a straightening comb or pressing comb) is a metal comb that is used to straighten moderate or coarse hair and create a smoother hair texture. A hot comb is heated and used to straighten the hair from the roots. It can b ...

, grease, and frequent trips to the beauty shop. By the 1960s had an estimated 80 percent of the black hair-care market and annual sales of $12.6 million by 1970. In 1971, JPC went public and was the first African American owned company to trade on the American Stock Exchange. The company's most well-known product was Afro Sheen for

natural hair The natural hair movement is a movement which aims to encourage women and men of African descent to embrace their natural, afro-textured hair. It originated in the United States during the 1960s, with its most recent iteration occurring in the 200 ...

when

afro The afro is a hair type created by natural growth of kinky hair, or specifically styled with chemical curling products by individuals with naturally curly or straight hair.Garland, Phyl"Is The Afro On Its Way Out?" ''Ebony'', February 1973. ...

s became popular. Marketing for the product featured slogans that encouraged racial pride, as embodied by the "

Black is beautiful Black is beautiful is a cultural movement that was started in the United States in the 1960s by African Americans. It later spread beyond the United States, most prominently in the writings of the Black Consciousness Movement of Steve Biko in ...

" movement. These slogans included "Natural Hair hangs out. Beautiful!" and "soul food for the natural." In 1971, JPC began sponsoring ''Soul Train.'' The sponsorship helped the program grow from a local show to a nationally syndicated cultural icon, making JPC the first African American company to sponsor a national television program. In 1976, annual sales had grown to $40 million and had 500 employees in Chicago and a factory in Nigeria. In 1989, George and Joan divorced and a part of the divorce settlement, Joan became chairman and principal shareholder while their son Eric G. Johnson, was named chief executive. In 1992, Eric resigned from the company, which was reportedly due to poor relations with Joan. Ivax Corp purchased the company in 1993 and merged it with its line of skin care and cosmetic products for black women, Flori Roberts. The sale ended its control by African American investors. The company was bought by

Procter & Gamble The Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) is an American multinational consumer goods corporation headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. It specializes in a wide range of personal health/consumer he ...

in 2004 and its products were marketed as part of the P&G portfolio. In March 2009, a consortium of African-American investment firms bought the company from P&G to reestablish its position as an African-American-owned company.

References

External links

*{{official, http://www.johnsonproducts.com Companies based in Dallas Cosmetics companies of the United States Manufacturing companies based in Chicago