John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich, PC (26 January 1744 – 6 June 1814), styled Viscount Hinchingbrooke until 1792, was a

British peer The peerages in the United Kingdom are a legal system comprising both hereditary and lifetime titles, composed of various noble ranks, and forming a constituent part of the British honours system. The term '' peerage'' can be used both coll ...

and

Tory A Tory () is a person who holds a political philosophy known as Toryism, based on a British version of traditionalism and conservatism, which upholds the supremacy of social order as it has evolved in the English culture throughout history. The ...

politician.

Background and education

Montagu was the eldest son of

John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, PC, FRS (13 November 1718 – 30 April 1792) was a British statesman who succeeded his grandfather Edward Montagu, 3rd Earl of Sandwich as the Earl of Sandwich in 1729, at the age of ten. During his life ...

, by the Honourable Dorothy Fane, third surviving daughter of

Charles Fane, 1st Viscount Fane Charles Fane, 1st Viscount Fane PC (Ire) (January 1676 – 4 July 1744) was an Anglo-Irish courtier, politician and a landowner in both England and Ireland. Fane was baptised at Basildon in Berkshire on 30 January 1676, he was the second ...

. He was educated at

Eton Eton most commonly refers to Eton College, a public school in Eton, Berkshire, England. Eton may also refer to: Places *Eton, Berkshire, a town in Berkshire, England * Eton, Georgia, a town in the United States * Éton, a commune in the Meuse dep ...

. In 1761, at the age of 17, he joined the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards as a

Captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...

Political career

In 1765, Hinchingbrooke entered Parliament as

Member of Parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...

(although he supported the Fox-North Coalition of 1783) for

Brackley Brackley is a market town and civil parish in West Northamptonshire, England, bordering Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire, from Oxford and from Northampton. Historically a market town based on the wool and lace trade, it was built on the inters ...

, a seat he held until 1768, and then represented

Huntingdonshire Huntingdonshire (; abbreviated Hunts) is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire and a historic county of England. The district council is based in Huntingdon. Other towns include St Ives, Godmanchester, St Neots and Ramsey. The popul ...

from 1768 to 1792, when he succeeded his father in the earldom. He served as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household from 1771 to 1782, as

Master of the Buckhounds The Master of the Buckhounds (or Master of the Hounds) was an officer in the Master of the Horse's department of the British Royal Household. The holder was also His/Her Majesty's Representative at Ascot. The role was to oversee a hunting pack; a ...

from 1783 to 1806 and as Joint Postmaster General from 1807 to 1814. He was sworn of the

Privy Council A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government. The word "privy" means "private" or "secret"; thus, a privy council was originally a committee of the mon ...

in 1771.

Family

Lord Sandwich married firstly his distant cousin Lady Elizabeth Montague-Dunk, only daughter of

George Montague-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax, (6 October 1716 – 8 June 1771) was a British statesman of the Georgian era. Due to his success in extending commerce in the Americas, he became known as the "father of the colonies". President of the ...

, 8 March 1766. Lady Elizabeth died in 1768 and Sandwich married Lady Mary Powlett, daughter and co-heir of Admiral Harry Powlett or Paulet, 6th and last Duke of Bolton. Lord Sandwich lived and was a rural landowner at

Hinchingbrooke House Hinchingbrooke House is an English stately home in Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, now part of Hinchingbrooke School. The house was built around an 11th-century Benedictine nunnery. After the Reformation it passed into the hands of the Cromwell f ...

today in north

Cambridgeshire Cambridgeshire (abbreviated Cambs.) is a Counties of England, county in the East of England, bordering Lincolnshire to the north, Norfolk to the north-east, Suffolk to the east, Essex and Hertfordshire to the south, and Bedfordshire and North ...

and held other farming interests. His eldest child, John George Montagu, by his first wife died in 1790. Lord Sandwich died in June 1814, aged 70, and was succeeded by his eldest son by his second wife,

George George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd Presid ...

.From the title of a painting in the Inner Hall of

, Huntingdon. William is thought to be named after his uncle, William Augustus, who died at Lisbon in 1776. Lord Sandwich had two children by his first wife, Lady Elizabeth Montague-Dunk: *Caroline Montagu, died July 1782 *John George Montagu, Viscount Hinchinbroke, born 3 April 1767, died 29 November 1790 After Lady Elizabeth's death on 1 July 1768, Lord Sandwich married Lady Mary Powlett on 25 April 1772: *

George John Montagu, 6th Earl of Sandwich George John Montagu, 6th Earl of Sandwich (4 February 1773 – 21 May 1818) was the son of John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich and Lady Mary Henrietta Powlett. He was styled Viscount Hinchingbrooke from 1790 until in 1814 when, his elder ha ...

, born 4 February 1773, died 21 May 1818, married Lady Louisa Lowry-Corry, daughter of Armar Lowry-Corry, 1st Earl Belmore **Lady Harriet Montagu, married

William Baring, 2nd Baron Ashburton William Bingham Baring, 2nd Baron Ashburton, (June 1799 – 23 March 1864) was a British businessman and a Whig (British political party), Whig politician who later became a Tory (British political party), Tory. Background and education William ...

**Lady Catherine Montagu, married Count Alexander Walewski, illegitimate son of Emperor Napoleon I of France **

John Montagu, 7th Earl of Sandwich John William Montagu, 7th Earl of Sandwich PC (8 November 1811 – 3 March 1884), styled Viscount Hinchingbrooke from 1814 to 1818, was a British peer and Conservative politician. He served under Lord Derby as Captain of the Honourable Corps of ...

*Hon. Francis Charles Montagu, died unmarried *Lady Mary Montagu, born 27 February 1774, died 4 October 1824, married 7 October 1796 to John Henry Upton, 1st Viscount Templetown, son of the Clerk Comptroller to the Dowager Princess of Wales, Clotworthy Upton, 1st Baron Templetown ** Henry Upton, 2nd Viscount Templetown **

George Upton, 3rd Viscount Templetown General George Frederick Upton, 3rd Viscount Templetown (5 August 1802 – 4 January 1890), styled The Honourable George Upton until 1863, was an Irish soldier and politician. Military career Upton was the second son of John Upton, 1st Viscou ...

, married Susan Woodford, daughter of Field Marshal Sir Alexander Woodford **Hon. Edward Upton, married Susan Maddy, daughter of Rev. John Maddy, parents of Henry Upton, 4th Viscount Templetown **Hon. Mary Upton, married John Spalding **General Hon. Arthur Upton, married Hon. Elizabeth Blake, daughter of

Joseph Blake, 3rd Baron Wallscourt The Rt Hon. Joseph Henry Blake, 3rd Baron Wallscourt (2 June 1797 – 28 May 1849), was an Irish nobleman and pioneering socialist. Blake (one of The Tribes of Galway) was the eldest son of Colonel Henry James Blake, younger brother of The 1st ...

*Lady Henrietta Susannah Montagu, born 9 August 1777, died 19 November 1825, married 3 May 1798 to Lt. Col Sir William James of Dorset, son of Lt. Col Sir Charles Hamilton James (son of Charles Hamilton (styled Comte d'Arran in France), illegitimate son of

James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton Lieutenant General James Hamilton, 4th Duke of Hamilton and 1st Duke of Brandon (11 April 1658 – 15 November 1712) was a Scottish nobleman, soldier and politician. Hamilton was a major investor in the failed Darien Scheme, which cost many o ...

and his mistress,

Lady Barbara FitzRoy Lady Barbara FitzRoy (16 July 1672 – 6 May 1737), was the sixth and youngest child of Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland, a mistress of Charles II of England. Charles never publicly acknowledged her as his child, as he was probably no ...

) by his wife, Catherine Napier, daughter of Sir Gerrard Napier, 5th Bt. **Maria James, born 1818, died 17 August 1899, married David Erskine, 13th Earl of Buchan on 17 July 1876 Lord Sandwich also had two illegitimate children, a daughter called Harriet Montagu, who married James Grant, son of Sir Ludovic Grant of Dalvey, 6th Bt. and William Augustus Montagu who rose to the rank of Vice-Admiral in the

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against F ...

.thepeerage.com John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich
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Ancestry

Gallery

File:Sandwich-Carrots-Gillray.jpeg, In ''Sandwich-Carrots!—dainty Sandwich-Carrots'' (1796),

James Gillray James Gillray (13 August 1756Gillray, James and Draper Hill (1966). ''Fashionable contrasts''. Phaidon. p. 8.Baptism register for Fetter Lane (Moravian) confirms birth as 13 August 1756, baptism 17 August 1756 1June 1815) was a British caricatur ...

caricatured Lord Sandwich slipping money into the pocket of an attractive carrot-seller, said to be one of his usual amusements. File:The Schedule of rental of the estates of JOHN Earl of SANDWICH and PETER DE SALIS, in the Manor of Clare in County of Armagh, 1802.jpg, Schedule of rental of the estates of John Montagu, 5th Earl of Sandwich and PETER DE SALIS, in the Manor of Clare in County of Armagh, 1802. File:North front of Hinchinbrook.jpg, Hinchingbrook House, Huntingdon, 1787. Formerly the home of Oliver Cromwell's family.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandwich, John Montagu, 5th Earl of 1744 births 1814 deaths British MPs 1761–1768 British MPs 1768–1774 British MPs 1774–1780 British MPs 1780–1784 British MPs 1784–1790 British MPs 1790–1796 Hinchingbrooke, John Montagu, Viscount Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain John Montagu, 05th Earl of Sandwich People educated at Eton College Scots Guards officers Hinchingbrooke, John Montagu, Viscount United Kingdom Postmasters General Masters of the Buckhounds Earls of Sandwich