John C. Jacobs
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John C. Jacobs (December 16, 1838
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania Lancaster County (; Pennsylvania Dutch: Lengeschder Kaundi), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is located in the south central part of Pennsylvania. ...
– September 22, 1894
Atlantic City Atlantic City, often known by its initials A.C., is a coastal resort city in Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. The city is known for its casinos, Boardwalk (entertainment district), boardwalk, and beaches. In 2020 United States censu ...
, Atlantic County, New Jersey) was an American politician from
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...
.


Life

In 1857, he became a
reporter A journalist is an individual that collects/gathers information in form of text, audio, or pictures, processes them into a news-worthy form, and disseminates it to the public. The act or process mainly done by the journalist is called journalism ...
for the '' New York Express'', was the paper's correspondent in Albany, New York, and was its war correspondent, accompanying the Peninsular Campaign. In 1865, he transferred to the '' New York World''. He was a
Democratic Democrat, Democrats, or Democratic may refer to: Politics *A proponent of democracy, or democratic government; a form of government involving rule by the people. *A member of a Democratic Party: **Democratic Party (United States) (D) **Democratic ...
member of the
New York State Assembly The New York State Assembly is the lower house of the New York State Legislature, with the New York State Senate being the upper house. There are 150 seats in the Assembly. Assembly members serve two-year terms without term limits. The Assem ...
(Kings Co., 9th D.) in
1867 Events January–March * January 1 – The Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge opens between Cincinnati, Ohio, and Covington, Kentucky, in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed a ...
,
1868 Events January–March * January 2 – British Expedition to Abyssinia: Robert Napier leads an expedition to free captive British officials and missionaries. * January 3 – The 15-year-old Mutsuhito, Emperor Meiji of Jap ...
,
1869 Events January–March * January 3 – Abdur Rahman Khan is defeated at Tinah Khan, and exiled from Afghanistan. * January 5 – Scotland's oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded. * January 20 – E ...
,
1870 Events January–March * January 1 ** The first edition of ''The Northern Echo'' newspaper is published in Priestgate, Darlington, England. ** Plans for the Brooklyn Bridge are completed. * January 3 – Construction of the Broo ...
,
1871 Events January–March * January 3 – Franco-Prussian War – Battle of Bapaume: Prussians win a strategic victory. * January 18 – Proclamation of the German Empire: The member states of the North German Confederation and the sout ...
,
1872 Events January–March * January 12 – Yohannes IV is crowned Emperor of Ethiopia in Axum, the first ruler crowned in that city in over 500 years. * February 2 – The government of the United Kingdom buys a number of forts on ...
and
1873 Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat ...
. He was Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means, participated in the corrupt proceedings of the Tweed Ring, and received bribes, for example a check for 2200 USD in June 1870. He was a member of the
New York State Senate The New York State Senate is the upper house of the New York State Legislature; the New York State Assembly is its lower house. Its members are elected to two-year terms; there are no term limits. There are 63 seats in the Senate. Partisan com ...
from 1874 to 1885, sitting in the 97th, 98th, 99th, 100th,
101st The 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) ("Screaming Eagles") is a light infantry division (military), division of the United States Army that specializes in air assault military operation, operations. It can plan, coordinate, and execute mul ...
, 102nd, 103rd, 104th, 105th, 106th, 107th and
108th New York State Legislature The 108th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 6 to May 22, 1885, during the first year of David B. Hill's governorship, in Albany. Background Under the provision ...
s. He was a delegate to the
1876 Democratic National Convention The 1876 Democratic National Convention assembled in St. Louis just nine days after the conclusion of the Republican National Convention in Cincinnati. This was the first political convention held west of the Mississippi River. St. Louis was noti ...
. He was Chairman of the Democratic state convention in 1879 and was proposed as a compromise candidate for Governor, attempting to unite the Democratic Party which was split into factions led by Gov.
Lucius Robinson Lucius Robinson (November 4, 1810March 23, 1891) was an American lawyer and politician. He was the List of Governors of New York, 26th Governor of New York from 1877 to 1879. Life He graduated from Delaware Academy in Delhi (village), New York, ...
and Tammany leader
John Kelly John or Jack Kelly may refer to: People Academics and scientists * John Kelly (engineer), Irish professor, former Registrar of University College Dublin *John Kelly (scholar) (1750–1809), at Douglas, Isle of Man *John Forrest Kelly (1859–1922) ...
. The Tammany followers had him nominated "by acclamation", but Jacobs declined. Later Robinson was nominated by the Democrats, and Kelly ran as an Independent, leading to the election of Republican Alonzo B. Cornell with fewer votes than Robinson and Kelly together. In 1882, the Democrats achieved a small majority in the State Senate which had 17 Democratic and 15 Republican members. On January 2, 14 of the Democratic senators met in caucus and nominated Jacobs for
President pro tem A president pro tempore or speaker pro tempore is a constitutionally recognized officer of a legislative body who presides over the chamber in the absence of the normal presiding officer. The phrase '' pro tempore'' is Latin "for the time being ...
. The other three senators were absent, following instructions from Tammany Hall leader John Kelly, who objected to Jacobs. On January 3, the State Senate convened and, on motion of Jacobs, suspended Rule 3 which gave the Lieutenant Governor the right to appoint the standing committees. Thereafter, the elections of the Clerk and the President pro tempore of the State Senate were deadlocked, with the majority of the Democrats holding on to Jacobs, the Tammany men voting for John G. Boyd, and the Republicans for Dennis McCarthy. Thus the senate could not be organized, although the Lieutenant Governor presided, but after the suspension of Rule 3 no committees could be appointed, and all legislative work was blocked. The deadlock was broken on February 15 when the Republicans and the Tammany men voted to restore Rule 3, and rumors of a bargain appeared. On February 20,
John W. Vrooman John Wright Vrooman (March 28, 1844 – November 24, 1929) was an American lawyer, banker and politician from New York. Life Vrooman was born on March 28, 1844, in German Flatts, Herkimer County, New York, to Nicholas Vrooman and Christina (Wright ...
, the Republican Clerk of the previous year, was re-elected by the Republicans and the Tammany men. On February 21, Lt. Gov.
George G. Hoskins George Gilbert Hoskins (December 24, 1824 – June 12, 1893) was an American politician who served as the Lieutenant Governor of New York and United States Representative for the state of New York. Early life Hoskins was born in Bennington, ...
announced the members of the committees, giving 5 out of 15 chairmanships to the three Tammany men, and no President pro tempore was chosen for this session. On January 11, 1883, Jacobs was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate for the 106th Session. On October 20, 1886, he married Rosalia Marie Sanger. He was again a member of the State Senate (2nd D.) in
1890 Events January–March * January 1 ** The Kingdom of Italy establishes Eritrea as its colony, in the Horn of Africa. ** In Michigan, the wooden steamer ''Mackinaw'' burns in a fire on the Black River. * January 2 ** The steamship ...
and
1891 Events January–March * January 1 ** Paying of old age pensions begins in Germany. ** A strike of 500 Hungarian steel workers occurs; 3,000 men are out of work as a consequence. **Germany takes formal possession of its new Africa ...
. In 1892 he removed to Atlantic City, NJ, because of his failing health, and died there from Bright's disease. After his death, it was alleged that 17-year-old William Warren was his son with an unknown mother.


Sources


''Life Sketches of State Officers, Senators, and Members of Assembly in the State of New York in 1867''
by S. R. Harlow and H. H. Boone (pages 280f; Weed, Parsons & Co., Albany NY, 1867)
''The New York Red Book''
(J.B. Lyon Co., 1977) (lists Jacobs for 1883 as President pro tem)

The bribes paid by the Tweed Ring, in NYT on October 29, 1873

"The John C. Jacobs Incident" at the Dem. State Convention, in NYT on September 12, 1879

Jacobs nominated in Dem. caucus, in NYT on January 3, 1882

The senate convenes, in NYT on January 4, 1882

Still deadlocked, in NYT on January 26, 1882

Speaker elected but senate still deadlocked, in NYT on February 3, 1882

Rule 3 restored, in NYT on February 16, 1882

Vrooman elected clerk, in NYT on February 21, 1882

Committees announced by Lt. Gov., in NYT on February 22, 1882

The "bargain", in NYT on February 24, 1882

Marriage notice, in NYT on October 22, 1886

Obit in NYT on September 23, 1894

The alleged son, in NYT on December 25, 1894 {{DEFAULTSORT:Jacobs, John C 1838 births 1894 deaths New York (state) state senators Politicians from Brooklyn Members of the New York State Assembly Politicians from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania 19th-century American legislators