Johannes Voorhout
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Johannes Voorhout (11 November 1647 – 25 August 1717) was a Dutch painter of history paintings, portraits and
genre Genre () is any form or type of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially-agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other for ...
scenes.Johannes Voorhout I
at Jean Moust
After training in the
Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...
he worked for a number of years in
Hamburg (male), (female) en, Hamburger(s), Hamburgian(s) , timezone1 = Central (CET) , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = Central (CEST) , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal ...
before returning to work in
Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...
.


Life

Voorhout was born in
Uithoorn Uithoorn () is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Population centres The municipality of Uithoorn consists of the following cities, towns, villages and/or districts: De Kwakel and Uithoorn. ''Dutc ...
,
North Holland North Holland ( nl, Noord-Holland, ) is a province of the Netherlands in the northwestern part of the country. It is located on the North Sea, north of South Holland and Utrecht, and west of Friesland and Flevoland. In November 2019, it had a ...
, as the son of the Amsterdam clock maker Cornelis Voorhout. Seeing that his son was better suited to drawing than the technical aspects of watch making, he apprenticed him to Constantijn Verhout in Gouda. Verhout was a painter of modern history scenes. After six years, Voorhout returned to Amsterdam in 1664. Here he worked for the next five years in the workshop of Jan van Noordt, a prominent history and portrait painter. He married in 1670 Margaretha Vos. The couple had two children: circa 1676 Johannes II was born in Hamburg. The son studied painting under his father and was also a musician. About ten years later a daughter (Cornelia). In 1672, worried about the impending invasion by the French, he fled the country with his family and settled in
Friedrichstadt Friedrichstadt (; da, Frederiksstad) is a town in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the river Eider approx. 12 km south of Husum. History The town was founded in 1621 by Dutch settlers. Du ...
, which had a large Dutch population and where his wife had friends.Johannes Voorhout biography
in
Arnold Houbraken Arnold Houbraken (28 March 1660 – 14 October 1719) was a Dutch painter and writer from Dordrecht, now remembered mainly as a biographer of Dutch Golden Age painters. Life Houbraken was sent first to learn ''threadtwisting'' (Twyndraat) fr ...
, ''De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen''], 1718)
He worked for the court in
Gottorf Gottorf Castle (german: Schloss Gottorf, da, Gottorp Slot, Low German: ''Gottorp'') is a castle and estate in the city of Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is one of the most important secular buildings in Schleswig-Holstein, and ha ...
, probably painting decorative works. In Hamburg, he met the painter Juriaan Ovens, who was a presumed pupil of
Rembrandt Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (, ; 15 July 1606 – 4 October 1669), usually simply known as Rembrandt, was a Dutch Golden Age painter, printmaker and draughtsman. An innovative and prolific master in three media, he is generally consid ...
. Ovens invited him to work for him. Voorhout turned down his offer but followed his advice to try his luck in Hamburg. There he was quite successful, and that is where his son Johannes was born in 1677. He returned in 1677 to Amsterdam where he started his own workshop.Johannes Voorhout I
at the
Netherlands Institute for Art History The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center i ...
He taught his son Johannes II, and
Ernst Stuven Ernst Stuven (c. 1657–1712) was a German Baroque flower painter. Biography According to Houbraken, he was born in Hamburg, where he was initially trained by Georg Hainz. At the age of eighteen he moved to Amsterdam (c. 1675–1677), where he bec ...
, but never had the success that he had enjoyed in Hamburg. According to the early Dutch biographer Arnold Houbraken, his lack of success was partially due to his high output, which gave prospective customers the impression that is work was not that valuable, and partially due to his lack of skill in presenting his works in a manner attractive to his customers. It was more likely that he had difficulty because the market in Amsterdam was much more competitive than in Hamburg, due to the high number of competent painters. He became a citizen of Amsterdam in 1707 and died in the city and was buried on 25 August 1717.


Work

Voorhout painted genre scenes, individual and group portraits, allegories, Christian religious subjects and mythological scenes. As a portrait painter he is known for his large equestrian portrait of the Stadthouder William III (
Groninger Museum The Groninger Museum () is an art museum in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. The museum exhibits modern and contemporary art of local, national, and international artists. The museum opened in 1874. The current post-modernist building co ...
). He painted it for Dirck Clant of Groningen, the lord of the Castle Hanckema. The work was placed in his castle near Groningen as an over-the-mantel piece.Koning-stadhouder Willem III te paard
website van Groninger Museum
and was later used in the 1930s as a model for the Dutch 500 guilder note. He painted group portraits such as the ''Elegant company making music'' (1674, History of Hamburg Museum). Voorhout may have included in this painting a self-portrait as the man in the feathered hat. A dedication "to brothers
Buxtehude Buxtehude (), officially the Hanseatic City of Buxtehude (german: Hansestadt Buxtehude, nds, Hansestadt Buxthu ()), is a town on the Este River in Northern Germany, belonging to the district of Stade in Lower Saxony. It is part of the Hamburg ...
and Joh: Adam Reink" is now thought to identify the
gamba Gamba or Gambas may refer to: Geography *Gamba, Gabon, a port **Gamba Airport in Gamba, Gabon *Gamba, Chad, a town *Gamba County, Tibet People *Gamba (surname) *Gamba (footballer) (Carlos Alberto Gambarotta; 1893–1944), Brazilian footballer Ot ...
player Buxtehude and the keyboard player
Johann Adam Reinken Johann Adam Reincken (also ''Jan Adams, Jean Adam'', ''Reinken, Reinkinck, Reincke, Reinicke, Reinike''; baptized 10 December 1643 – 24 November 1722) was a Dutch/German organist and composer. He was one of the most important composers of the ...
. The identification of the boy holding a canon as
Johann Theile Johann Theile (29 July 1646 – 24 June 1724) was a German composer of the Baroque era, famous for the opera ''Adam und Eva, Der erschaffene, gefallene und aufgerichtete Mensch'', first performed in Hamburg on 2 January 1678. Life After stud ...
has been thrown into doubt by the recent discovery of a portrait of Theile in
Lübeck Lübeck (; Low German also ), officially the Hanseatic City of Lübeck (german: Hansestadt Lübeck), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 217,000 inhabitants, Lübeck is the second-largest city on the German Baltic coast and in the stat ...
.Musizierende Gesellschaft, Johannes Voorhout, 1674
op de website van het History of Hamburg Museum


Museums with Voorhout's works

*
Rijksmuseum The Rijksmuseum () is the national museum of the Netherlands dedicated to Dutch arts and history and is located in Amsterdam. The museum is located at the Museum Square in the borough of Amsterdam South, close to the Van Gogh Museum, the St ...
, Amsterdam, Netherlands *
Amsterdams Historisch Museum The Amsterdam Museum, known until 2010 as the Amsterdam Historical Museum, is an Amsterdam-based museum dedicated to the city's past and present. Due to the renovation of its main location, the museum is temporarily located in the building the Amst ...
, Amsterdam, Netherlands *
The State Hermitage Museum The State Hermitage Museum ( rus, Государственный Эрмитаж, r=Gosudarstvennyj Ermitaž, p=ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj ɪrmʲɪˈtaʂ, links=no) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is the largest ...
, St. Petersburg, Russia *
Bowes Museum The Bowes Museum is an art gallery in the town of Barnard Castle, in County Durham in northern England. It was built to designs by Jules Pellechet and John Edward Watson to house the art collection of John Bowes and his wife Joséphine Beno ...
, Barnard Castle, Teesdale, County Durham, England *
Hatchlands Park Hatchlands Park is a red-brick country house with surrounding gardens in East Clandon, Surrey, England, covering 170 hectares (430 acres). It is located near Guildford along the A246 between East Clandon and West Horsley. Hatchlands Park has be ...
, East Clandon, Surrey, England *
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen Municipal Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen () is an art museum in Rotterdam in the Netherlands. The name of the museum is derived from the two most important collectors of Frans Jacob Otto Boijmans and Daniël George van Beuningen. It is located at ...
, Rotterdam, Netherlands *
Centraal Museum The Centraal Museum is the main museum in Utrecht, Netherlands, founded in 1838. The museum has a wide-ranging collection, mainly of works produced locally. The collection of the paintings by the Northern Mannerist Joachim Wtewael is by a lon ...
, Utrecht, Netherlands *
Groninger Museum The Groninger Museum () is an art museum in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. The museum exhibits modern and contemporary art of local, national, and international artists. The museum opened in 1874. The current post-modernist building co ...
, Groningen, Netherlands * King John III Palace Museum, Wilanów, Warsaw, Poland *
Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest The Museum of Fine Arts ( hu, Szépművészeti Múzeum seːpmyveːsɛti ˈmuːzɛum is a museum in Heroes' Square, Budapest, Hungary, facing the Palace of Art. It was built by the plans of Albert Schickedanz and Fülöp Herzog in an eclecti ...
, Budapest, Hungary *
Nationalmuseum Nationalmuseum (or National Museum of Fine Arts) is the national gallery of Sweden, located on the peninsula Blasieholmen in central Stockholm. The museum's operations stretches far beyond the borders of Blasieholmen, the nationalmuseum manag ...
, Stockholm, Sweden *
Museum für Hamburgische Geschichte The Museum for Hamburg History () is a history museum located in the city of Hamburg in northern Germany. The museum was established in 1908 and opened at its current location in 1922, although its parent organization was founded in 1839. The muse ...
, Hamburg, Germany *
Worcester Art Museum The Worcester Art Museum, also known by its acronym WAM, houses over 38,000 works of art dating from antiquity to the present day and representing cultures from all over the world. WAM opened in 1898 in Worcester, Massachusetts, and ranks among th ...
, Worcester, Massachusetts


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Voorhout, Johannes 1647 births 1717 deaths People from Uithoorn Painters from Amsterdam Dutch male painters