Joachim Camerarius the Younger (German "Kammermeister") (6 November 1534 – 11 October 1598, Nuremberg) was a

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

physician, botanist, zoologist and humanist scholar.

Life

He was born in

Nuremberg Nuremberg ( ; german: link=no, Nürnberg ; in the local East Franconian dialect: ''Nämberch'' ) is the second-largest city of the German state of Bavaria after its capital Munich, and its 518,370 (2019) inhabitants make it the 14th-largest ...

, the son of the famed humanist Joachim Camerarius the elder (1500–1574). The younger Camerarius’s association with the luminaries of later sixteenth-century German intelligentsia was secured by his father’s network of influential friends—including

Philip Melanchthon Philip Melanchthon. (born Philipp Schwartzerdt; 16 February 1497 – 19 April 1560) was a German Lutheran reformer, collaborator with Martin Luther, the first systematic theologian of the Protestant Reformation, intellectual leader of the L ...

and Johannes Crato von Krafftheim. After his early studies at Wittenberg and Leipzig, Camerarius turned to medical pursuits under the tutelage of Crato. Following in Crato’s footsteps, he pursued medical studies at the

University of Padua The University of Padua ( it, Università degli Studi di Padova, UNIPD) is an Italian university located in the city of Padua, region of Veneto, northern Italy. The University of Padua was founded in 1222 by a group of students and teachers from ...

before taking his doctorate at the

University of Bologna The University of Bologna ( it, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, UNIBO) is a public research university in Bologna, Italy. Founded in 1088 by an organised guild of students (''studiorum''), it is the oldest university in contin ...

in 1562. He returned to Nuremberg where he established his medical practice. In 1592 the Nuremberg city council established the ''Collegium Medicum.'' Camerarius served as dean of the medical college until his death. He corresponded with such notables as Gaspard Bauhin, Carolus Clusius,

Thomas Erastus Thomas Erastus (original surname Lüber, Lieber, or Liebler; 7 September 152431 December 1583) was a Swiss physician and Calvinist theologian. He wrote 100 theses (later reduced to 75) in which he argued that the sins committed by Christians sh ...

, and

Konrad Gessner Conrad Gessner (; la, Conradus Gesnerus 26 March 1516 – 13 December 1565) was a Swiss physician, naturalist, bibliographer, and philologist. Born into a poor family in Zürich, Switzerland, his father and teachers quickly realised his tale ...

Works

Symbolorvm and emblematvm ex animalibvs qvadrvpedibvs desvmtorvm centvria altera (1595) (14727469566)

Though trained in the strict Galenic school of philosophically based medicine, Camerarius also displayed the naturalistic proclivity of his exemplars Gessner and Pietro Andrea Mattioli. His works include a ''Synopsis ..commentariorum de peste'' (which includes his own ''De recta et necessaria ratione, praeservandi a pestis contagio'') (Nuremberg, 1583), ''Hortus Medicus et Philosophicus'' (Frankfurt/M., 1598) and ''Symbola et emblemata'' (Centuria, I: 1590, II: 1595, III :1596, IV: 1604; ed. Wolfgang Harms and Ulla-Britta Kuechen, Graz, 1988). His son

Ludwig Camerarius Ludwig Camerarius (22 January 1573, in Nuremberg – 4 October 1651, probably in Heidelberg) was a German statesman, lawyer, minister and head of Frederick V's government-in-exile in the Hague. He also served Swedish interests later in his life. ...

(1573–1651) brought out a posthumous edition of this work that added a fourth “century” of symbols and emblems drawn from aquatic animals and reptiles to the three previously published “centuries” taken from herbs and plants, four-legged animals, and birds and insects. Joachim Camerarius also published a very popular edition of Mattioli’s commentaries on

Dioscorides Pedanius Dioscorides ( grc-gre, Πεδάνιος Διοσκουρίδης, ; 40–90 AD), “the father of pharmacognosy”, was a Greek physician, pharmacologist, botanist, and author of '' De materia medica'' (, On Medical Material) —a 5-vo ...

(''Kreutterbuch,'' Frankfurt/M., 1586, etc.).

List

* Camerarius, Joachim (1588), ''Hortus medicus et philosophicus in quo plurimorum stirpium brevis descriptio''. Frankfurt: S. Feyerabend, H. Dack, & P. Fischer

References

Melchior Adam, ''Vitae Germanorum Medicorum.''
Heidelberg, 1620, pp. 344–345. * ''Verzeichnis der im deutschen Sprachbereich erschienenen Drucke des XVI.'' Jahrhundert. Stuttgart: Anton Hiersemann, 1983 ff. * Wolf-Dieter Müller-Jahncke, “Camerarius d. J., Joachim,” in ''Literaturlexikon,'' ed. W. Killy, vol. 2, pp. 350–359. *

External links

in the

Munich Digitization Center Munich Digitization Center (German ''Das Münchener Digitalisierungszentrum'' (MDZ)) is an institution dedicated to digitization, Online publication and the long-term archival preservation of the holdings of the Bavarian State Library The Ba ...

Hortus Medicus et Philosophicus: Excerpts
*

Gaedike, R.; Groll, E. K. & Taeger, A. 2012: Bibliography of the entomological literature from the beginning until 1863 : online database - version 1.0 - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Camerarius, Joachim, The Younger German naturalists 16th-century German botanists German entomologists 16th-century Latin-language writers 16th-century German physicians 1534 births 1598 deaths 16th-century male writers Physicians from Nuremberg