Jinxiu (; za, italic=yes, Ginhsiu) is a county of eastern Guangxi, China, located in an area of relatively high concentrations of the

Yao people The Yao people (its majority branch is also known as Mien; ; vi, người Dao) is a government classification for various minorities in China and Vietnam. They are one of the 55 officially recognised ethnic minorities in China and reside in t ...

. It is administered as the Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County of

Laibin Laibin (, Zhuang: Laizbinh) is a prefecture-level city in the central part of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. History Laibin is an ancient town with more than 2000 years of history. The area was settled in prehistoric times, more th ...

City. Established in 1952, with the name of Dayaoshan Autonomous Zone, in 1966, it was renamed as Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County. It has an area of , much of it mountainous, and a population in 2004 of approximately 150,000.

Administrative divisions

The county administers 3 towns and 7 townships: Towns: * Jinxiu (), Tongmu (), Toupai () Townships: *

Sanjiao Township Sanjiao may refer to: * San Jiao, term in traditional Chinese medicine * Sanjiao, Meizhou, town Meizhou, Guangdong, China * Sanjiao, Zhongshan, town in Zhongshan, Guangdong, China *Three teachings In Chinese philosophy, the ''three teachings'' ( ...

(), Zhongliang Township (), Luoxiang Township (), Changdong Township (), Dazhang Township (), Liuxiang Township (),

Sanjiang Township Sanjiang () originally and typically refers to the Three Parallel Rivers of southwestern China: the Jinsha (upper Yangtze), the Lancang (Mekong), and the Nu (Salween). It may also refer to: *Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County, Guangxi * Sanjiang C ...

()

Ethnic groups

Practically isolated from the outside world until the 1930s, Jinxiu was inhabited by five different branches of Yao:

Chashan Chashan () is a town under the direct administration of the prefecture-level city of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China. It is located northeast of the prefecture-level city centre. Transport There are buses connecting the city of Dongguan, ...

茶山, Ao 坳, Hualan 花蓝, Pan 盘, and Shanzi 山子. The first three branches (Chashan 茶山, Ao 坳, Hualan 花蓝) were considered the owners of the lands, as the dates of their first arrivals are estimated at around 1,000 years ago. They lived in settled villages and enjoyed some economic stability. The Pan 盘 and Shanzi 山子 are more recent arrivals, and they lived as tenants of the other established Yao people, living a nomadic life that did not allow them to accumulate many material possessions.

Languages

The languages spoken by each five Yao groups are as follows (L.-Thongkum 1993). Unless indicated otherwise, all locations are in Jinxiu County. *Chashan 茶山 (La Jia 拉架广西瑶族社会历史调查 (2009).): Lakkja (a Tai-Kadai language); spoken in Jinxiu township *Ao 坳 (Qiong Lie 穹咧): Bjao Muen; a divergent language spoken in Hengcun 横村, Liucang, and Luoxiang 罗香. The speakers claim to have migrated from

Guizhou Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to the ...

before they settled in Jinxiu County. *Hualan 花蓝 (Biao Men 俵门): Ciəmdi Mun (West Mun); spoken in parts of Jinxiu County, with similar dialects in Naxin and Pingli in

Baise Baise (; local pronunciation: ), or Bose, is the westernmost prefecture-level city of Guangxi, China bordering Vietnam as well as the provinces of Guizhou and Yunnan. The city has a population of 4.3 million, of which 1.4 million live in the ...

*Pan 盘 (Mian 棉):

Iu Mien The Iu Mien language ( ium, Iu Mienh, ; zh, 勉語 or ; th, ภาษาอิวเมี่ยน) is the language spoken by the Iu Mien people in China (where they are considered a constituent group of the Yao peoples), Laos, Vietnam, Th ...

; spoken in Shibajia, Jingui'ao 金龟坳, and Fenzhan 奋战; also in Gunhuai,

; an East Mien dialect of Xin'an 新安 and Nadui 纳兑 in

Lipu County Lipu () is a county-level city in the northeast of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Guilin City, the downtown of which is to the north. Lipu has a population of 370,000 (2002). It covers an area of 1759 square kilometers. The s ...

; and a North Mien dialect of Longwei 龙尾村,

Yangshuo County Yangshuo County () is a county under the jurisdiction of Guilin City, in the northeast of Guangxi, China. Its seat is located in Yangshuo Town. Surrounded by karst peaks and bordered on one side by the Li River it is easily accessible by bus or by ...

*Shanzi 山子 (Men 门): Kimdi Mun (East Mun); spoken in Guzhan 古占 and Wangluan Additionally, Jiongnai is spoken in Liuxiang 六巷乡, and Longhua 龙化村 of Changdong 长垌乡. Mao Zongwu (2004) notes that Jiongnai speakers are also given the exonym "Hualan Yao" 花蓝瑶. L.-Thongkum (1993:170) proposes the following classification scheme for the languages of the four Mienic-speaking groups, which go back to what she calls the ''Proto-Mjuenic'' language. *Proto-Mjuenic ** Mun ***West Mun andian Yao 蓝靛瑶***East Mun

hanzi Yao 山子瑶 Chinese characters () are logograms developed for the writing of Chinese. In addition, they have been adapted to write other East Asian languages, and remain a key component of the Japanese writing system where they are known as ''kanji' ...

**(Mien-Muen) ***Muen

o Yao 坳瑶 O, or o, is the fifteenth letter and the fourth vowel letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''o'' (pronounced ), plu ...

***

Mien The Yao people (its majority branch is also known as Mien; ; vi, người Dao) is a government classification for various minorities in China and Vietnam. They are one of the 55 officially recognised ethnic minorities in China and reside in t ...

an Yao 盘瑶 An, AN, aN, or an may refer to: Businesses and organizations * Airlinair (IATA airline code AN) * Alleanza Nazionale, a former political party in Italy * AnimeNEXT, an annual anime convention located in New Jersey * Anime North, a Canadian a ...

****North Mien ****East Mien, West MienAlso spoken in Chiang Rai Province,

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...

Climate

Notes

References

External links

{{authority control County-level divisions of Guangxi Yao autonomous counties Laibin