Jiang Tingxi (, 1669–1732Barnhart: Page 379.),

courtesy name A courtesy name (), also known as a style name, is a name bestowed upon one at adulthood in addition to one's given name. This practice is a tradition in the East Asian cultural sphere, including China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.Ulrich Theobald ...

Yangsun (), was a

Chinese painter Chinese painting () is one of the oldest continuous artistic traditions in the world. Painting in the traditional style is known today in Chinese as ''guó huà'' (), meaning "national painting" or "native painting", as opposed to Western style ...

, and an editor of the

encyclopedia An encyclopedia (American English) or encyclopædia (British English) is a reference work or compendium providing summaries of knowledge either general or special to a particular field or discipline. Encyclopedias are divided into articles ...

Gujin Tushu Jicheng The ''Gujin Tushu Jicheng'' (), also known as the ''Imperial Encyclopaedia'', is a vast encyclopedic work written in China during the reigns of the Qing dynasty emperors Kangxi and Yongzheng. It was begun in 1700 and completed in 1725. The wor ...

'' (''Complete Collection of Ancient and Modern Writings and Charts''). Jiang was born in

Changshu Changshu (; Suzhounese: /d͡ʐan¹³ ʐoʔ²³/) is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Suzhou, Jiangsu province, and is part of the Yangtze River Delta. It borders the prefecture-level city of Nantong to the northeast across the Yangt ...

Jiangsu Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, Postal romanization, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an Eastern China, eastern coastal Provinces of the People's Republic of China, province of the China, People's Republic of China. It is o ...

. Besides the name Yangsun, he was also known by his courtesy name Youjun (), as well as the pseudonyms Nansha (), Qingtong Jushi, Qiujun, and XiGu (). The 5020-volume state-sponsored encyclopedia ''Gǔjīn Túshū Jíchéng'' () was published in 1726 and had been compiled by

Chen Menglei Chen Menglei (; 1650-1741) was a Qing dynasty scholar-writer known for being the chief editor, compiler, and author of the Gujin Tushu Jicheng Chinese encyclopedia. In 1670, he became a Jinshi. Chen Menglei conducted research for over 50 years, c ...

and Jiang Tingxi during the reigns of the

Kangxi The Kangxi Emperor (4 May 1654– 20 December 1722), also known by his temple name Emperor Shengzu of Qing, born Xuanye, was the third emperor of the Qing dynasty, and the second Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1661 to 1 ...

and

Yongzheng , regnal name = , posthumous name = Emperor Jingtian Changyun Jianzhong Biaozhen Wenwu Yingming Kuanren Xinyi Ruisheng Daxiao Zhicheng Xian()Manchu: Temgetulehe hūwangdi () , temple name = Shizong()Manchu: Šidzung () , house = Aisin Gioro ...

emperors in the

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speak ...

. As an official painter and grand secretary to the imperial court, Jiang used a wide variety of artistic styles, and focused particularly on paintings of birds and flowers. He was also proficient in

calligraphy Calligraphy (from el, link=y, καλλιγραφία) is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instrument. Contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "t ...

. His works influenced later court painters, including

Yu Sheng Yu Sheng or Yu Xing (, 1692–after 1767), courtesy name Zengsan () and art name Luting (), was a Chinese court painter in the Qing dynasty. A native of Changshu, he studied with Jiang Tingxi and entered the Imperial Academy afterwards. Many of ...

(), Yu Zhi (). Although better known for his ''Gujin Tushu Jicheng'', Jiang also contributed—along with other scholars—in the compilation of the "Daqing Yitongzhi" ('Gazetteer of the Qing Empire').Fairbank & Teng, 211. This geographical

gazetteer A gazetteer is a geographical index or directory used in conjunction with a map or atlas.Aurousseau, 61. It typically contains information concerning the geographical makeup, social statistics and physical features of a country, region, or co ...

was provided with a preface in 1744 (more than a decade after Jiang's death), revised in 1764, and reprinted in 1849. Apart of cultural activity, as a holder of the ''jinshi'' degree Tinxi performed the important duties in the Qing government's Office of Military Finance, on par with

Zhang Tingyu Zhang Tingyu (, October 29, 1672 – May 19, 1755) was a Han Chinese politician and historian who lived in the Qing dynasty. Biography Zhang Tingyu was born in Tongcheng in Anhui province. In 1700, he obtained a ''jinshi'' position in the ...

(headed by

Yinxiang Yinxiang may refer to: *Yinxiang, Prince Yi (胤祥; 1686 — 1730), a prince of the Qing dynasty * ''Yinxiang'' (magazine), a 1971–1998 Taiwanese film journal *Yinxiang Group The Yinxiang Group (银翔) is an industrial company based in Chon ...

, the Yongzheng Emperor's brother). Spence, ''

The Search for Modern China ''The Search for Modern China'' is a 1990 non-fiction book by Jonathan Spence, published by Century Hutchinson and W. W. Norton & Company. It covers the period 1600 to 1989. According to Spence, the goal was to explain how Modern China was creat ...

'', p.80-81

Notes

References

*Barnhart, R. M. et al. Three thousand years of Chinese painting. New Haven, Yale University Press. 1997. *Fairbank, J.K. and S.Y. Teng. "On the Ch'ing Tributary System," ''Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies'' (Volume 6, Number 2, 1941): 135–246. *Nie, Chongzheng
"Jiang Tingxi"
''

Encyclopedia of China The ''Encyclopedia of China'' () is the first large-entry modern encyclopedia in the Chinese language. The compilation began in 1978. Published by the Encyclopedia of China Publishing House, the encyclopedia was issued one volume at a time, begin ...

'', 1st ed. * {{DEFAULTSORT:Jiang, Tingxi 1669 births 1732 deaths Painters from Suzhou Chinese bird artists Chinese encyclopedists Grand Councillors of the Qing dynasty Grand Secretaries of the Qing dynasty Politicians from Suzhou Qing dynasty calligraphers Qing dynasty painters Qing dynasty politicians from Jiangsu People from Changshu Qing dynasty classicists Writers from Suzhou

See also

Notes

References