Jehangira
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Jehangira ( ur, جہانگیرا) is a town in the
Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (; ps, خېبر پښتونخوا; Urdu, Hindko: خیبر پختونخوا) commonly abbreviated as KP or KPK, is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Located in the northwestern region of the country, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ...
province of Pakistan.


Overview and history

According to 1870 land management records from when the area was under the control of the
khushal khan khattak Khošāl Khān Khaṭak (1613 – 25 February 1689; Pashto: خوشال خان خټک), also known as Khushal Baba ( ps, خوشال بابا), was a Pashtun poet, chief, and warrior. Khushal Khan served the Mughal Empire protecting them fr ...
, Jehangir Khan founded Jehangira in 1681. Originally, the place was known as Jehangira Awan but over time came to be known by the current name of Jehangira. In 1818, during the
Ranjit Singh Ranjit Singh (13 November 1780 – 27 June 1839), popularly known as Sher-e-Punjab or "Lion of Punjab", was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire, which ruled the northwest Indian subcontinent in the early half of the 19th century. He s ...
invasion of Peshawar valley, Jehangira was badly damaged by the
Sikhs Sikhs ( or ; pa, ਸਿੱਖ, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism (Sikhi), a monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak. The term ...
. The Sikhs built an army post inside Jehangira in order to control the area and launched a boat service across the river to connect it with
Peshawar Peshawar (; ps, پېښور ; hnd, ; ; ur, ) is the sixth most populous city in Pakistan, with a population of over 2.3 million. It is situated in the north-west of the country, close to the International border with Afghanistan. It is ...
. Under
British colonialism The British Empire was composed of the dominions, Crown colony, colonies, protectorates, League of Nations mandate, mandates, and other Dependent territory, territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. I ...
, the residents built a checkpoint and a police station on the bank of Kabul River as well as a floating bridge over the river. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the local government has used the former British checkpoint as a police station. In 1970, a reinforced hollow-core concrete bridge was constructed over the river, now known as Jehangira bridge. During a period of flooding in July 2010, the bridge was submerged under water for several hours. As time passed, the village's population increased and it started to grown into adjacent populated areas. Many new markets and industries emerged in the area and some people started to refer to the entire municipal area as "Jehangira town". Jehangira was originally divided into two municipal governments under two different districts: Eastern Jehangira (under the
Swabi district Swabi District ( ps, سوابۍ ولسوالۍ, ur, ) is a district in the Mardan Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. It lies between the Indus and Kabul Rivers. Before becoming a district in 1988, it was a tehsil within t ...
) and Western Jehangira (under the
Nowshera District Nowshera District ( ps, نوښار ولسوالۍ, ur, ) is a district in Peshawar Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan. The capital and district headquarter is Nowshera city. Overview and history Nowshera was a tehsil (sub di ...
). However, on July 3, 2005, the government of the
North-West Frontier Province The North-West Frontier Province (NWFP; ps, شمال لویدیځ سرحدي ولایت, ) was a Chief Commissioner's Province of British India, established on 9 November 1901 from the north-western districts of the Punjab Province. Followin ...
announced the merger of these municipal governments.


Boundaries

The mountains of Khawri behind the Jehangira Railway station form the western boundary of Jehangira. The southern shore of the
Indus river The Indus ( ) is a transboundary river of Asia and a trans-Himalayan river of South and Central Asia. The river rises in mountain springs northeast of Mount Kailash in Western Tibet, flows northwest through the disputed region of Kashmir, ...
is the border with
Punjab, Pakistan Punjab (; , ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Located in central-eastern region of the country, Punjab is the second-largest province of Pakistan by land area and the largest province by population. It shares land borders with the ...
. To the east are Tordhair town and Ala Dher Village and on the northern border are the villages of Mian-Esa and Jalbai.


Climate

The climate of Jehangira is similar to that of
Islamabad Islamabad (; ur, , ) is the capital city of Pakistan. It is the country's ninth-most populous city, with a population of over 1.2 million people, and is federally administered by the Pakistani government as part of the Islamabad Capital T ...
, although sometimes more humid due to the Kabul and Indus Rivers. In the summer, the chain of mountains and desolate areas to the northwest can cause hot and dusty winds.


People and cultures

Many inhabitants of Jehangira are members of various Pashtoon clans that migrated from different parts of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Some locations of note within Jehangira: * Jehangira village (Swabi district): This place is also known as Pushtoon's village because of the usage of the
Pushto Pashto (,; , ) is an Eastern Iranian language in the Indo-European language family. It is known in historical Persian literature as Afghani (). Spoken as a native language mostly by ethnic Pashtuns, it is one of the two official languages ...
language - the majority of the population has been Pashtoon since 1681. The hamlet has a population of 42 thousand and is led by Ch. Imdad Ullah. In the 2005 election, Muhammad Ismail Khan was elected as Nazim of the Union council. *Qazi Hidayat ur rehman Is Member of Dispute Resolution Council (DRC) Tehsil And district. * Mardgan village (Swabi district): This area was settled by Sikh-Raj in 1818 for the purpose of providing boating services on the Kabul River - "Mardgan" is a
Pushto Pashto (,; , ) is an Eastern Iranian language in the Indo-European language family. It is known in historical Persian literature as Afghani (). Spoken as a native language mostly by ethnic Pashtuns, it is one of the two official languages ...
word that means "boatmen" or "sailors". The majority of the people of this village area speak
Hindko Hindko (, romanized: , ) is a cover term for a diverse group of Lahnda dialects spoken by several million people of various ethnic backgrounds in several areas in northwestern Pakistan, primarily in the provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Pun ...
but not all of them are sailors, and some Pushtoon families live here as well. * New hamlets (Swabi district): There are some recently populated areas such as Mera, Kodray, Hayatabad, New-Nehr, ismail abad, Marab, Budai-Kamar, Garha, Karkhana, Zorh Nehr, Shekh baba, and Mia-Esa road. * Dubandi Bazaar (Nowshera district): This place is located near the junction of the Swabi road with the historical highway Jurnaily Road. Originally, there were only a few makeshift stores for food and tea at the bus stop and the railway station of Jehangira. Gradually, as the population grew, Dubandi became a real bazaar and a famous shopping center in the area. * Dherri Khattak (Nowshera district): Located in the north near the Jehangira railway station, this area is famous for a popular volleyball game held there. The majority of Dehri Khattak speaks Hindko. * Qazi-an: A notable and respected family of Jehangira Swabi, known as Qazi-an by the locals. The family has been here for more than 500 years. The language spoken by them Is Pashto. During British rule in India 17th century the Qazi-an were very awarded by the British due to there justice in not just jehangira but throughout swabi. The Family has many affiliation with different political parties. Qazi Hidayat ur rehman Is Member of Dispute Resolution Council (DRC) Tehsil And district.


Mausoleums and cemeteries

About of the area consists of graveyards, mostly at the eastern part of town. Some graves of note: * The tomb of Badu Baba, in the north-east * The tomb of Lakai Bebyane, in the south * The tomb of Sheikh Baba, on the eastern bank of Kabul river * Ghara Qabristan * Adam Baba Muqbara An
urs Urs (from ''‘Urs'') or ''Urus'' (literal meaning wedding), is the death anniversary of a Sufi saint, usually held at the saint's dargah (shrine or tomb). In most Sufi orders such as Naqshbandiyyah, Suhrawardiyya, Chishtiyya, Qadiriyya, etc ...
is celebrated annually on the 12th of Rabi Alawal on his Mazzar.


Further reading

* Geography of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Govt: of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. Department of Geography & History (2008) Mahekma e Auqaf.


References

{{Reflist Populated places in Swabi District Union Councils of Swabi District Populated places in Nowshera District