Jean Malaurie (born 22 December 1922) is a French cultural anthropologist, explorer, geographer, physicist, and writer. He and Kutsikitsoq, an

Inuk Inuit (; iu, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ 'the people', singular: Inuk, , dual: Inuuk, ) are a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic and subarctic regions of Greenland, Labrador, Quebec, Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, and ...

, were the first two men to reach the North Geomagnetic Pole on 29 May 1951. He was a director of studies at the School for advanced studies in social sciences (EHESS) and director and founder of the ''Terre Humaine'' collection published by Plon in which features his ''Last Kings of Thule'' (1955), translated into twenty-three languages and remaining the most widely distributed work on the

Inuit Inuit (; iu, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ 'the people', singular: Inuk, , dual: Inuuk, ) are a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic and subarctic regions of Greenland, Labrador, Quebec, Nunavut, the Northwest Territories ...

. A defender of the rights of Arctic minorities, threatened by the industrial development of the Far North, Jean Malaurie became a

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...

Goodwill Ambassador for Arctic polar issues.

Biography

Jean Malaurie was born in

Mainz Mainz () is the capital and largest city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Mainz is on the left bank of the Rhine, opposite to the place that the Main joins the Rhine. Downstream of the confluence, the Rhine flows to the north-west, with Ma ...

, occupied by French forces, into a French Catholic family of history scholars of Norman and Scottish descent. In 1943, while studying at the Lycée Henri-IV in Paris, he was drafted into the

Service du travail obligatoire The ' ( en, Compulsory Work Service; STO) was the forced enlistment and deportation of hundreds of thousands of French workers to Nazi Germany to work as forced labour for the German war effort during World War II. The STO was created under law ...

(STO - Compulsory Work Service for the Germans). Refusing to join, he went into hiding until August 1944. He did his postgraduate studies in the Institut de Géographie de l’Université de Paris, under Professor

Emmanuel de Martonne Emmanuel de Martonne (, 1 April 1873 – 24 July 1955) was a French geographer. He participated in the Paris Peace Conference. Early life and education Martonne was born on 1 April 1873 in Chabris, Indre, France, and was the son-in-law of Paul ...

who, some 15 years earlier, had also taught to

Julien Gracq Julien Gracq (; 27 July 1910 – 22 December 2007; born Louis Poirier in Saint-Florent-le-Vieil, in the French ''département'' of Maine-et-Loire) was a French writer. He wrote novels, critiques, a play, and poetry. His literary works were no ...

. In 1948, Emmanuel de Martonne granted Malaurie the title of geographer/physicist of the French Polar Expeditions led by Paul Émile Victor along the West coast of Greenland and on its ice cap. He accomplished two missions in the Skansen Mountain, in the south of

Disko Island Disko Island ( kl, Qeqertarsuaq, da, Diskoøen) is a large island in Baffin Bay, off the west coast of Greenland. It has an area of ,CNRS ("French National Centre for Scientific Research"), he spent two winters alone in the

Hoggar The Hoggar Mountains ( ar, جبال هقار, Berber: ''idurar n Ahaggar'') are a highland region in the central Sahara in southern Algeria, along the Tropic of Cancer. The mountains cover an area of approximately 550,000 km. Geography Thi ...

desert in 1949 and 1950 (Algeria, Sahara). Then, in July 1950, he left on a mission to

Thule Thule ( grc-gre, Θούλη, Thoúlē; la, Thūlē) is the most northerly location mentioned in ancient Greek and Roman literature and cartography. Modern interpretations have included Orkney, Shetland, northern Scotland, the island of Saar ...

, Greenland, where he led the "first French geographical and ethnological mission to the North of Greenland" for the CNRS. There, he established the first genealogy, covering four generations, of a group of 302 Inughuit, the northernmost people on earth. He also implemented a planning of trends in order to avoid the risks of consanguinity (banning marriage up to the 5th degree). As a geomorphologist in the Great North of Greenland, he raised the map of the coast to 1:100 000 (topography, geomorphology of screes and nivation, sea ice). The map covers a 300 kilometre long and 3 kilometre wide region from

Inglefield Land Inglefield Land is an unglaciated area along the northwestern coast of Greenland. It was named after English explorer Edward Augustus Inglefield. History Inglefield Land is noted for its archaeological sites, which show evidence of occupation by ...

and the north of the Humboldt Glacier, to the south of Washington Land (Cape Jackson, 80° N). He discovered various fjords and unknown littorals, which he was authorized to name himself after French names, like the Paris Fjord, or after his Inuit travel companions such as the famous shaman, Uutaaq. He conducted a detailed geomorphological study of the screes and high latitude geocryological ecosystems, of which he described the cyclic and strata organization. He later made this the subject of his thesis: ''Thèmes de recherche géomorphologique dans le nord-ouest du Groenland'' (Geomorphological research in Northwest Greenland). On 9 April 1962 he was named Docteur d’État de géographie of the Institut de géographie de la Faculté des lettres de l'université de Paris. He, together with Kutsikitsoq, were the first men ever to reach the

geomagnetic North Pole The geomagnetic poles are antipodal points where the axis of a best-fitting dipole intersects the surface of Earth. This ''theoretical'' dipole is equivalent to a powerful bar magnet at the center of Earth, and comes closer than any other poin ...

(78°29′N 68°54′W) on 29 May 1951, with two dog sleds. On 16 June 1951 he discovered the American military base of Thule (

Thule Air Base Thule Air Base (pronounced or , kl, Qaanaaq Mitarfik, da, Thule Lufthavn), or Thule Air Base/Pituffik Airport , is the United States Space Force's northernmost base, and the northernmost installation of the U.S. Armed Forces, located north ...

), built in secret to host nuclear bombers, and he decided to publicly stand up against the establishment of this base, for which the local population wasn't consulted. His book ''Les Derniers rois de Thulé'' (''The Last Kings of Thule'') was published in 1955 as the founding book of the Terre Humaine series (Ed. Plon, Paris). It was soon followed by other classics such as ''Tristes Tropiques'' by

Claude Lévi-Strauss Claude Lévi-Strauss (, ; 28 November 1908 – 30 October 2009) was a French anthropologist and ethnologist whose work was key in the development of the theories of structuralism and structural anthropology. He held the chair of Social An ...

, ''Les Immémoriaux'' by

Victor Segalen Victor Segalen (14 January 1878 – 21 May 1919) was a French naval doctor, ethnographer, archeologist, writer, poet, explorer, art-theorist, linguist and literary critic. He was born in Brest. He studied medicine and graduated at the Navy ...

, ''Affables Sauvages'' by

Francis Huxley Francis Huxley (28 August 1923 – 29 October 2016) was a British botanist, anthropologist and author. He is a son of Julian Huxley. His brother was Anthony Julian Huxley. His uncle was Aldous Huxley. He was one of the founders of Survival Inter ...

, ''Soleil Hopi'' by

Don C. Talayesva Don Chuka Talayesva (1890–1985) was a Hopi who is noted for his autobiography, written in conjunction with Yale University anthropologist Leo Simmons, describing his life until 1940. Talayesva was born with the name Chuka in Old Oraibi, Arizona ...

, ''Pour l’Afrique, j’accuse'' by

René Dumont René Dumont (March 13, 1904 – June 18, 2001) was a French engineer in agronomy, a sociologist, and an environmental politician. Biography Dumont was born in Cambrai, Nord, in the north of France. His father was a professor in agriculture ...

and ''Carnets d’enquêtes'' by

Émile Zola Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola (, also , ; 2 April 184029 September 1902) was a French novelist, journalist, playwright, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of ...

. The Terre Humaine series intends to move the focus away from our Western way of looking at things. In 1957, he was recommended by

Fernand Braudel Fernand Braudel (; 24 August 1902 – 27 November 1985) was a French historian and leader of the Annales School. His scholarship focused on three main projects: ''The Mediterranean'' (1923–49, then 1949–66), ''Civilization and Capitalism'' ...

and

, and elected to the Chair of Polar Geography, the first ever in the history of the French University, created for this occasion within the

École des hautes études en sciences sociales The School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (french: École des hautes études en sciences sociales; EHESS) is a graduate ''grande école'' and '' grand établissement'' in Paris focused on academic research in the social sciences. The ...

– EHESS (School for Advanced Studies in Social Sciences). He then founded in 1958, the Centre d'études arctiques (Center for Arctic Studies) and launched in 1960 the great CNRS journal on the Arctic: Inter-Nord. In 1968–1969, he led the French section of the Governmental Commission of France and Quebec during the creation of the autonomous territory of New Quebec, now called Nunavik. His recommendations, published in the book ''Du Nouveau-Québec au Nunavik, 1964-2004, une fragile autonomie'' (From New Quebec to Nunavik, 1964–2004, a Fragile Autonomy) and in the special section « Nunavik/Ungava » of the Inter-Nord publication n°20, aimed to establish the immediate autonomy of this territory and a deep pedagogical reform of the education system. They contributed to elaborating the status of the current Canadian Arctic Territories, mainly inspired by

Charlie Watt Charlie Watt (born June 29, 1944) is a former Canadian Senator from Nunavik, Quebec. A hunter and businessman by profession, Watt is an Inuk and served as Northern officer with the Department of Indian and Northern Affairs from 1969 to 197 ...

, an Inuk Federal Senator. Jean Malaurie led the first Franco-Soviet expedition in Siberian Chukotka in 1990, at the request of the Soviet government and of the Academician Dmitry Likhachov, Scientific Counsellor to Mikhail Gorbachev. He was also the first Westerner to discover the Whale Alley in 1990 in Northeast Siberia; a monument that had remained ignored until it was first identified by the Soviet archaeologist Sergueï Arutiunov in 1977. In 1992, Jean Malaurie founded the State Polar Academy in Saint-Petersburg, of which he was named Honorary President for life. In this school of Siberian executives, that hosts around a thousand boarder students, representing forty-five ethnic groups, in five faculties, French is taught as the first foreign language in a compulsory course. In the course of his 31 missions, from Greenland to Siberia, he taught a method — called "anthropogeography, from stone to man" — reminding how the history, rituals and sociology of the Arctic peoples can only be understood in the frame of a given physical environment. These observations are linked to cybernetics with the Gaia principle, based on the conclusions of James Lovelock, shared by Jean Malaurie: the Earth would be "a dynamic physiological system that includes the biosphere and has kept our planet fit for life for over three billion years". Jean Malaurie is an ardent defender of the rights of Arctic minorities, currently threatened by the development of industries and oil activities in the Great North. He has been an advisor to the four capital cities:

Washington Washington commonly refers to: * Washington (state), United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A metonym for the federal government of the United States ** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered o ...

, Ottawa,

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( or .; da, København ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a proper population of around 815.000 in the last quarter of 2022; and some 1.370,000 in the urban area; and the wider Copenhagen metropolitan ar ...

and

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...

. In 2007, he was named

Goodwill Ambassador for Arctic polar issues (Fields of Sciences and Culture), and was invited to chair the first UNESCO International Experts Meeting on the Arctic: Climate change and Arctic sustainable development: scientific, social, cultural and educational challenges, which took place in Monaco from the 3rd to the 6th of March 2009. He is currently preparing, in collaboration with UNESCO, the upcoming International Congress on Circumpolar Peoples, to be held in 2011 in Greenland. In 2007, he was appointed Honorary President of the Uummannaq Polar Institute, an institution that aims to preserve local Greenlandic culture and promote educational programmes for Inuit youth. In 2010, he founded the Pôle Inuit – Institut Jean Malaurie in Uummannaq (Greenland). As a writer, he is the author of, among other publications, ''The Last Kings of Thule'' ("Les derniers rois de Thulé", Paris, 1955; first published in English in 1982), translated into 23 languages and now the most widely distributed book about the Inuit. This book has been adapted into a movie and the cartoon version is in progress. Overall, Jean Malaurie published ten books and over five hundred scientific papers, which have just been assembled, together with previously unpublished ones, into a six volumes edition to be published by the CNRS Éditions. A leading light of French polar research, in the lineage of Commander

Jean-Baptiste Charcot Jean-Baptiste-Étienne-Auguste Charcot (15 July 1867 – 16 September 1936), born in Neuilly-sur-Seine, was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893). Life Jean- ...

, captain of the Pourquoi-Pas ?, he is now living in

Dieppe Dieppe (; Norman: ''Dgieppe'') is a coastal commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Normandy region of northern France. Dieppe is a seaport on the English Channel at the mouth of the river Arques. A regular ferry service runs to N ...

, Normandy, and getting ready to finish his life in Uummannaq, northwest coast of Greenland, where a Jean Malaurie Museum has been created that features a reconstitution of his former wintering base in a peat house. He was made a commander of the ''

Légion d'honneur The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon ...

'' of France and was awarded the Great Gold Medal of Saint-Petersburg, and received the

Patron's Medal The Royal Geographical Society's Gold Medal consists of two separate awards: the Founder's Medal 1830 and the Patron's Medal 1838. Together they form the most prestigious of the society's awards. They are given for "the encouragement and promoti ...

of the Royal Geographical Society of London from Queen

Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen regnant of 32 sovereign states during ...

. He was also granted the Medal of the Bear, a high distinction of the Greenlandic government, as well as many other foreign distinctions such as the Mungo Park Medal, awarded to him in 2005 by The Royal Scottish Geographic Society.

Titles and honorary distinctions

Titles

* Founder and Director of the Terre Humaine series, Ed. Plon, Paris (since February 1954). This series of books initiated an important intellectual trend called « Pléiade d’une nouvelle ethnologie » ("Pleiad of a new ethnology"). Its one hundredth author will be published in the course of this year. * Elected first chair of Polar Geography (French higher education), founded at EHESS (Paris, France) by the Professor Fernand Braudel (1957→). Seminars delivered from 1957 to 2004 (One hundred thesis and PhD defences). * Founder of the Centre d’études arctiques (Center for Arctic Studies) (EHESS, CNRS), (1958 →) * Founder and Director of the Fondation française d’études nordiques (French Foundation for Nordic Studies) in Rouen, France, created on May 11, 1964. (1964–1975) * Directeur de recherche titulaire in the French CNRS (since 1979). * Director of the CNRS base in Spitzberg from 1979 to 1990, with a programme of integrated geomorphology for ten PhD students. * Creation of the Festival du Film arctique in 1983 (1983,

; 1986,

Rovaniemi Rovaniemi ( , ; sme, Roavvenjárga ; smn, Ruávinjargâ; sms, Ruäʹvnjargg) is a city and municipality of Finland. It is the administrative capital and commercial centre of Finland's northernmost province, Lapland, and its southern part Per� ...

; 1989,

Fermo Fermo (ancient: Firmum Picenum) is a town and ''comune'' of the Marche, Italy, in the Province of Fermo. Fermo is on a hill, the Sabulo, elevation , on a branch from Porto San Giorgio on the Adriatic coast railway. History The oldest hu ...

; the fourth edition of the Festival is currently in preparation in

Uummannaq Uummannaq is a town in the Avannaata municipality, in central-western Greenland. With 1,407 inhabitants in 2020, it is the eighth-largest town in Greenland, and is home to the country's most northerly ferry terminal. Founded in 1763 as Omenak, t ...

, Greenland). * Director and Founder of the Fonds polaire Jean Malaurie in the Central Library of the

Muséum national d'histoire naturelle The French National Museum of Natural History, known in French as the ' (abbreviation MNHN), is the national natural history museum of France and a ' of higher education part of Sorbonne Universities. The main museum, with four galleries, is loc ...

, Paris, France (1992 →). * Director and Founder of the International Arctic Publication Inter-Nord, (CNRS - EHESS), 21 volumes (1960 →). The contributions of 300 authors were published in this bilingual magazine, building a genuine 6 500 pages encyclopaedia of the Arctic. * The first man ever to have reached the geomagnetic North Pole by dog sled on May 29, 1951. * 31 missions, most of them solo, from Greenland to Siberia (1948–1997). * Teacher and Director of Studies at EHESS: defence and illustration of the anthropogeographic method for the study of peoples under extreme climates (1957–2004). * Honorary President of the State Polar Academy of Saint Petersburg, which he co-founded in 1992. The State Polar Academy, a school of Siberian executives, was registered in the International Association of Francophone Universities in 2004, and signed a cooperation agreement with the Institut régional d'administration (IRA) of Lille, France (2005–2007). * Honorary President of the Opening Symposium of the

International Polar Year The International Polar Years (IPY) are collaborative, international efforts with intensive research focus on the polar regions. Karl Weyprecht, an Austro-Hungarian naval officer, motivated the endeavor in 1875, but died before it first occurred ...

(IPY) on « Arctic issues: environment, societies and heritage », held from 8 to 10 March 2007 in the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France. The event was organized under the high patronage of the French President Jacques Chirac, who delivered the opening speech. This symposium brought together top researchers and political personalities from all over the World, including French, Inuit and North-Siberian specialists. It was the 14th of a series of International Symposiums held by the Centre d’études arctiques (Center for Arctic Studies) at the instigation of Pr Jean Malaurie. It gathered participants from various parts of the World, and notably from Russia. The 50th anniversary of the Centre d’études arctiques, celebrated during the IPY, was the object of a "National Commemoration" by the French Ministry of Culture. The first pan-Inuit conference ever to be organized was held in Rouen, France, from 24 to 27 November 1969, under the presidency of Nobel Prize winner René Cassin It addressed the issues of "Economical Development in the Arctic and the future of Eskimo Societies". Jean Malaurie also organized the first Arctic Oil and Gas CongressDebate published in Actes et Documents n° 4. Fondation Française d’études nordiques, Rouen, Paris, 1972. in Le Havre, France, on May 2–5, 1973. * UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador for Arctic polar issues in the fields of Sciences and Culture (2007). * Honorary President of the Uummannaq Polar Institute (Greenland). * Honorary Patron of the NGO Libraries Without Borders. * Founder and President of the Pôle Inuit – Institut Jean Malaurie, created under the aegis of the Centre d’études arctiques and in partnership with the Uummannaq Polar Institute (Greenland). Its aim is to welcome and sponsor two Greenlandic students every year, providing them with a Master lever training and involving them in CNRS research missions.

Scientific distinctions

* Prix de l’

Académie des sciences The French Academy of Sciences (French: ''Académie des sciences'') is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. It was at th ...

, a prize from the French Academy of Sciences (1967). * Médaille d’Or ("Gold Medal") of the Société arctique française (1990). * Awarded a Medal from the CNRS ("French National Center for Scientific Research") in 1992. * Grande Médaille de la

Société de Géographie The Société de Géographie (; ), is the world's oldest geographical society. It was founded in 1821 as the first Geographic Society. Since 1878, its headquarters have been at 184 Boulevard Saint-Germain, Paris. The entrance is marked by two gig ...

(Paris, 1997). * Honorary Doctor of Saint Petersburg State University (2001). * Received the Great Gold Konstantin Medal from the Russian Geographical Society (Saint-Petersburg, 2003). * Patron's gold medal, signed by Queen Elizabeth II (Royal Geographic Society, London, 2005). * Mungo Park Medal (The Royal Scottish Geographic Society, 2005). * Honorary Professor of Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales – HEC (Graduate Business School), (Paris, 2005). * Honorary Doctor of the State University of New York at Buffalo, 2008. *

Nersornaat Greenland Medal for Meritorious Service ( kl, Nersornaat, lit=Deserved; da, Grønlands Hjemmestyres Fortjenstmedalje), is awarded by the Greenland Home Rule government. It is the highest award based in Greenland. The medal was instituted on 1 May ...

distinction, Gold Medal of the Greenlandic Parliament received on February 27, 2009, in Paris from the President of the Greenlandic Parliament, Mrs Ruth Heilman.

Awards and Medals

* Commandeur de l’Ordre national du Mérite (France, 2002). * Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres (France, 2000). * Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur (France, 2005). * Polar Bear Distinction, personally awarded by the Prime Minister of Greenland himself, Mr Jonathan Motzfeldt, in Paris, France (1999). * Prix de l’Académie française (France, 1968). * Grand prix de la Ville de Paris (France, 1999). * Grand Prix Jules-Verne (France, 2000). * Commander of the Royal Order of the Dannebrog, on the request of the Queen of Denmark (2007), awarded in Paris by Prince Henrik of Denmark (2007). * Greenland Medal for Meritorious Service

Other foreign distinctions

* Elected Sage des peuples du Nord by the Institute of Peoples of the North, Herzen State University, Leningrad (1992). * Honorary Citizen of the city of Fermo (Italy), home to the Istituto geografico polare and the Italian Museo polare (1998). * Medal of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (March 12, 1997) * Received the Congratulations of the Canadian Senate on his scientific work, according to Senator

(Ottawa, June 15, 2000). * Médaille d’Or de Saint-Pétersbourg ("Gold Medal of Saint Petersburg") on the occasion of the city's tercentenary, awarded in Paris by the Russian Ambassador H.E. Mr Alexandre Alexeevitch Avdeev (2003).

Works

* ''Hoggar, Touareg, Journal d’une exploration géographique'' (Paris, Ed. Nathan, 1954). * ''Les derniers rois de Thulé: avec les Esquimaux polaires, face à leur destin'' (Paris, Ed. Plon, Terre humaine series, 1955 – 5th definitive edition, Paris, 1989 ; Ed. Pocket, 2001) – translated into 23 languages. * ''The last kings of Thule: with the Polar Eskimos, as they face their destiny'', English translation of Les derniers rois de Thulé, translated from the French by Adrienne Foulke (London: Jonathan Cape, 1982. 489p; New York: Chicago University Press, 1982. 489p.) * ''Thèmes de recherche géomorphologique dans le nord-ouest du Groenland'', 497 p., 79 photos, 161 fig., 1 coloured map (topography, botany and hydrology) to 1:25 000 (Skansen, Disko), 1 couloured map (topography, geomorphology and sea ice) to 1:200 000 – Thesis defended in 1962 - ('Mémoires et documents', Special issue, Paris, CNRS Editions, 1968 ; 2d Ed., Paris, 2011, in: Grand Nord Grand Large - CNRS Editions, including iconography). * ''Hummocks'' I and II (Paris, Ed. Plon, Terre humaine series, 1999). ''Hummocks'', extended edition, 4 volumes (Paris, Ed. Plon / Pocket, 2003, 2005). * ''Hummocks, Journeys and inquiries among the Canadian Inuit'', English translation of Hummocks, translated by Peter Feldstein. (Montreal, Quebec: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2007. New foreword by Jean Malaurie, postface by Bruce Jackson.) * ''Ultima Thulé'' (2d edition, Paris, Ed. Le Chêne, 2000, Ed. Pocket, 2001) – translated into English, German and Danish. * ''Ultima Thulé : explorers and natives of the polar North'', translated from the French by Willard Wood and Anthony Roberts. (New York; London: W.W. Norton, 2000.) * ''L’Appel du Nord'' (Paris, Ed. La Martinière, 2001) translated into English and German. * ''Call of the North: an explorer’s journey to the North Pole'', English translation of L’Appel du Nord. (New York, Abrams, 2001) * ''L’Allée des baleines'' (Paris, Ed. Fayard, Mille et une nuits series, 2003, New extended edition 2008) translated into Russian and English. * ''The Whales Alley'', English translation of L’Allée des baleines, in press. • Alleia Kitov, Russian translation of ''L’Allée des baleines'', foreword by Serguei Arutiunov (Moscow, Ed. Nota Bene, 2007) * ''Ot kamnia k tcheloveku'' ("From stone to man"), foreword by Azourguet Tarbaievna Shaoukenbaieva, in Russian. (Saint-Petersburg, State Polar Academy of Saint-Petersburg, 2003). * ''Terre Humaine : cinquante ans d'une collection'', entretien de Mauricette Berne et Pierrette Crouzet avec Jean Malaurie ; foreword by French President Jacques Chirac, introduction by Jean-Noël Jeanneney, President of the Bibliothèque nationale de France (French National Library), presentations by Olivier Orban, Director of the Plon publishing house, Bruce Jackson,

Jacques Lacarrière Jacques Lacarrière (; 2 December 1925 – 17 September 2005) was a French writer, born in Limoges. He studied moral philosophy, classical literature, and Hindu philosophy and literature. Professionally, he was known as a prominent critic, jour ...

, (Paris, éditions de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, 2005), 135 p. * ''Terre Mère'' (Paris, CNRS Editions, 2008). * ''Uummaa : la prescience sauvage'' (Paris, Ed. Plon, Terre humaine series, to be released in 2011) * ''Arctica, 1948-2010, une prescience de combat'' (5 volumes) to be released by CNRS Editions. Collection of 500 scientific papers (some of which unpublished); released in French, English, German and Russian. Volume 1 : En éclaireur ; Volume 2 : Écosystème arctique ; Volume 3 : Ethnologie et anthropologie arctiques ; Volume 4 : Développement durable et périls de perte d’identité des peuples premiers circumpolaires ; Volume 5 : Terre Humaine, entretiens et portraits. * Several hundreds interviews (press, television, radio, Internet), in French, Russian, English, Italian, German, Danish and Greenlandic.

References Sources

* Giulia Bogliolo Bruna, ''Jean Malaurie, une énergie créatrice'',coll. « Lire et comprendre », Editions Armand Colin, Paris, october 2012. * Giulia Bogliolo Bruna, ''Equilibri artici. L'Umanesimo ecologico di Jean Malaurie'', CISU, september 2016. * "Alla ricerca della quadratura del Circolo Polare. Testimonianze e studi in onore di Jean Malaurie", Il Polo (numero speciale), Giulia Bogliolo Bruna (dir.), vol. 25–26, Istituto Geografico Polare, Fermo, 1999. * ''Jean Malaurie, un homme singulier'', Jan Borm, Éditions du Chêne, 2005. * ''Dictionnaire amoureux des Explorateurs'', Michel Le Bris, Ed. Plon, Paris, 2010. * ''Terre Humaine : des récits et des hommes'', Pierre Aurégan, Pocket, Agora series, Paris, 2004.

Notes and references

Resources

Bibliography

* ''Jean Malaurie, une énergie créatrice'' by Giulia Bogliolo Bruna, coll. « Lire et comprendre », Editions Armand Colin, Paris, octobre 2012. * ''Pour Jean Malaurie'' - 102 témoignages en hommage à quarante ans d’études arctiques ("To Jean Malaurie – 102 testimonials as a tribute to forty years of Arctic Studies"). Coordinator: Sylvie Devers - Ed. Plon, Paris, 1990. * ''Il Polo'', 'Alla ricerca della quadratura del Circolo Polare : Testimonianze e studi in onore di Jean Malaurie', interview of Jean Malaurie by Giulia Bogliolo Bruna, 26 international testimonials under the direction of Giulia Bogliolo Bruna (Istituto Geografico Polare, vol. 25–26, March–June 1999, Fermo) * ''Des récits et des hommes : Terre humaine : un autre regard sur les sciences de l’homme'', Pierre Auregan (Nathan Université / Plon, Paris, 2001 ; éd. Pocket, 2004). * ''De la vérité en ethnologie...'' - Lecture by Jean Malaurie 2000-2001 (coordination : Dominique Sewane – Ed. Economica, "Polaires" series, Paris, 2002). * ''Hommages'', published on the occasion of the Exhibit held in the French National Library for the fiftieth anniversary of the Terre humaine series, from February 15 to April 30, 2005. 28 testimonials, foreword by Jean-Noël Jeanneney, coordination : Pierrette Crouzet (Paris, éditions de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, 2005). * ''Jean Malaurie: un homme singulier'', Jan Borm (Paris, Ed. Le Chêne, 2005). * ''Comprendre Jean Malaurie'', Giulia Bogliolo Bruna (« Lire et comprendre », Paris, Armand Colin, to be released in 2011)

Filmography

* ''The Last Kings of Thule'' ("Les Derniers Rois de Thulé") Northern Greenland. Direction and commentaries. Film, 16 mm, colour, 120 min. ORTF (Télévision Paris), 1970 : ** 1st part: L'Esquimau polaire, le chasseur. ("The Polar Eskimo, a Hunter") ** 2d part: L'Esquimau chômeur et imprévisible. ("The unemployed and unpredictable Eskimo") ** Reedited into a 52 min film, and restored with the original colours, under the direction of Jean Malaurie. Production: Films du Village/Zarafa and France 5, INA, Paris, in 2002. Greenlandic and American Production. * ''Inuit'' (Groenland, Canada, Alaska, Sibérie). Seven 16 mm coloured films, shot in 1974/1976. Antenne 2 (TV Paris), 1980. Direction and commentaries, INA, Paris. ** ''Le Cri universel du peuple esquimau'' ("The Universal Cry of the Eskimo People"). 87 min ** ''Les Groenlandais et le Danemark. Nunarput (Notre Terre)'' ("Greenlanders and Denmark, Nunarput – ‘Our Land’ "). 55 min ** ''Les Groenlandais et le Danemark : le Groenland se lève.'' ("Greenlanders and Denmark: Greenland is rising") 55 min * ''Les Esquimaux et le Canada : l'incommunicabilité.'' ("The Eskimo and Canada: communication breakdown") 55 min ** ''Les Esquimaux alaskiens et les États-Unis d'Amérique : les fils de la baleine.'' ("The Eskimo of Alaska and the United States of America: the Sons of the Whale") 55 min ** ''Les Esquimaux alaskiens et les États-Unis d'Amérique : pétrodollars et pouvoir.'' ("The Eskimo of Alaska and the United States of America: petrodollar and power") 55 min ** ''Les Esquimaux d'Asie et l'Union soviétique : aux sources de l'histoire inuit.'' ("The Eskimo of Asia and the Soviet Union: back to the roots of Inuit history") 55 min * ''Haïnak-Inuit, le cri universel du peuple esquimau.'' ("Haïnak-Inuit, the Universal Cry of the Eskimo People") New version based on the 1980 programme. 52 min. Direction, commentaries and new images updating the seven films of the Inuit series. INA, 1993 (France 5 : broadcast in December 1995). * ''La Saga des Inuit.'' Four 52 min films, made from Jean Malaurie's 10 films and followed by a long close-up interview. Production INA, distribution France 5, 2007. Rerun in 2008. DVD Box set, INA, Paris, 2007. ** ''Un peuple légendaire'' ("A legendary people") ** ''Vers le meilleur des mondes ?'' (Groenland, Canada) ("Towards the Best of Worlds (Greenland and Canada)") ** ''Le futur a déjà commencé'' (Alaska, Tchoukotka sibérienne) ("The Future has already begun, (Alaska, Siberian Chukotka)") ** ''Le Souffle du Grand Nord'' (entretien/portrait) ("The Blow of the Great North (close-up interview)")

Films about Jean Malaurie

* ''Jean Malaurie : Une passion arctique'', Directed by Michel Viotte, La compagnie des Indes, Arte, Paris, 2010, 43 min. * Numerous interviews on Antenne 2, France 3, as well as foreign television channels (Moscow, Montreal, Nuuk...).

Sound archives

* ''Chez les Esquimaux Netsiligmiout et Outkoukiksarlormiout'' ("Together with the Eskimo Netsiligmiout and Outkoukiksarlormiout") – 28 min 46 s (Chant du Monde, 1962–63) * ''Chants et tambours inuit, de Thulé au Détroit de Béring'' ("Inuit Chants and Drums, from Thule to the Bering Strait") – 70 min 43 s (Ocora C 559021, Paris, 1988) * ''Jean Malaurie - De la pierre à l'homme'' ("From Stone to Man"), Les Grandes Heures series, 2 discs of 72 minutes each, built from interviews given by Jean Malaurie for Radio France and preserved by the French Institut National de l’Audiovisuel - INA (Editor-in-charge: Béatrice Montoriol – Production: Thérèse Salviat – INA/Radio France, Paris, 2004)

External links

Site officiel

Interview pour la revue ''Lexnews'' en 2 parties
{{DEFAULTSORT:Malaurie, Jean 1922 births Living people Lycée Henri-IV alumni French physicists French anthropologists Recipients of Nersornaat UNESCO Goodwill Ambassadors Recipients of the Royal Geographical Society Patron's Medal French World War II forced labourers