Jean Guillaume Bruguière (19 July 1749 – 3 October 1798) was a French

physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and d ...

and diplomat.

Biography

Bruguière was born in

Montpellier Montpellier (, , ; oc, Montpelhièr ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the department of Hérault. In 2018, 290,053 people l ...

on 19 July 1749.Comptes rendus du Congrès national des sociétés savantes: Section des sciences. (1961) page 173. Jean-Guillaume Bruguière (1749-1798) et Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (1756-1814), médecins naturalistes et voyageurs. Jean Théodoridès He was a doctor, connected to the

University of Montpellier The University of Montpellier (french: Université de Montpellier) is a public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the oldest universities in the wor ...

. He was interested in

invertebrate Invertebrates are a paraphyletic group of animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a ''backbone'' or ''spine''), derived from the notochord. This is a grouping including all animals apart from the chorda ...

s, mostly

snail A snail is, in loose terms, a shelled gastropod. The name is most often applied to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name ''snail'' is also used for most of the members of the molluscan class ...

s (

gastropods The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. The ...

). He accompanied the explorer Kerguelen-Trémarec on his first voyage to the

Antarctic The Antarctic ( or , American English also or ; commonly ) is a polar region around Earth's South Pole, opposite the Arctic region around the North Pole. The Antarctic comprises the continent of Antarctica, the Kerguelen Plateau and othe ...

in 1773. In 1790 he accompanied the entomologist Olivier on an expedition to Persia, but his poor health didn't allow him to continue. In 1792, although he was ill, he visited the Greek archipelago and the

Middle East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Pro ...

, together with the

entomologist Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as ara ...

Guillaume-Antoine Olivier Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (; 19 January 1756, Les Arcs near Toulon – 1 October 1814, Lyon) was a French entomologist and naturalist. Life Olivier studied medicine in Montpellier, where he became good friends with Pierre Marie Auguste Brous ...

. He was asked by the French Directoire to try to set up a Franco-Persian alliance, but was unsuccessful, lacking the training of a diplomat. He died on the voyage back. He described several taxa in his book '' Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des trois Règnes de la Nature: vers, coquilles, mollusques et polypes divers)'' which appeared in three volumes in 1827, long after he had died. He also wrote ''Histoire Naturelle des Vers. Vol. 1'' (1792) but he had to stop at the letter "C".

Christian Hee Hwass Christian Hee Hwass (1731–1803) was a Danish malacologist who is remembered for his work in conchology. Although born in Denmark, Hwass did most of his important work in France. He moved to Paris in 1780, and later Auteuil (1794). In France, h ...

continued his work and wrote most of it. He died in

Ancona Ancona (, also , ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region in central Italy, with a population of around 101,997 . Ancona is the capital of the province of Ancona and of the region. The city is located northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic ...

in October 1798 (and not in 1799, as mentioned in some sources; there was a discrepancy due to the French revolutionary calendar). He was mainly interested in

mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is est ...

s and other invertebrates, as can be seen in the following list of the taxa he named.

Authority

He named more than 140 marine genera or species, among them : ;Genera *'' Anodontites'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Cerithium ''Cerithium'' is a genus of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Cerithiidae, the ceriths.Gofas, S. (2011). Cerithium Bruguière, 1789. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marines ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''Cerithium'' subg. ''Cerithium'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Corbula ''Corbula'' is a genus of very small saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Corbulidae, the basket clams.Gofas, S. (2010). Corbula Bruguière, 1797. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Lima Lima ( ; ), originally founded as Ciudad de Los Reyes (City of The Kings) is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín Rivers, in the desert zone of the central coastal part of ...

'' Bruguière, 1797 (mollusc) *'' Lingula'' Bruguière, 1791 (brachiopod) *'' Lucina'' Bruguière, 1797 (mollusc) *''

Oliva Oliva () is a municipality in the ''comarca'' of La Safor in the Valencian Community, Spain. To its east lie of coastline and beaches fronting the Mediterranean Sea, and eight kilometres to the north is Gandia. The ''Passeig'' (promenade) ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Orthoceras'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Ovula'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Terebra'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) ;Species : *'' Acanthopleura spinosa'' (Bruguière, 1792) (mollusc) *'' Anadara ovalis'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Anodontites crispata'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Arca imbricata'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Balanus crenatus ''Balanus crenatus'' is a species of acorn barnacle in the Balanidae family. It is found in the North Pacific and the North Atlantic Ocean. Description The shell of ''B. crenatus'' is made of six calcareous plates and grows up to across. The up ...

'' Bruguière (crustacean) *'' Balanus perforatus'' Bruguière (crustacean) *''

Batillaria zonalis ''Batillaria zonalis'' is a species of small sandy shore snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Batillariidae Batillariidae, common name batillariids or mudcreepers, are a family of marine, cerithioidean gastropod molluscs in the ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Beroe ovata'' Bruguière, 1789 (Ctenophora) *''

Bulla striata ''Bulla striata'', commonly known as the common Atlantic bubble or striate bubble, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Bullidae ''Bulla'' is a genus of medium to large hermaphrodite sea snails, shelled marin ...

'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Bullia miran'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cardita ajar'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Cardium ringens'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cassidula aurisfelis'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Cerithium eburneum'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Cerithium vulgatum'' Bruguière (mollusc) *'' Chaetopleura spinosa'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Concholepas concholepas'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Chondrina avenacea'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus arenatus'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus catus'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus gubernator'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Conus pulcher siamensis'' Hwass in Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Diplodon granosus ''Diplodon'' is a genus of freshwater pearly mussel, an aquatic bivalve in the Hyriidae Hyriidae is a taxonomic family of pearly freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve molluscs in the order Unionida. This family is native to South America, Aus ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Gourmya vulgata'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *''

Lingula anatina ''Lingula anatina'' is a brachiopod species in the genus '' Lingula''. Like others in its genus, ''L. anatina'' is a filter feeder that uses a lophophore The lophophore () is a characteristic feeding organ possessed by four major groups of a ...

'' Lamarck, 1801 (brachiopod) *'' Micromelo undata'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Partula otaheitana ''Partula otaheitana'' is a species of air-breathing tropical land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Partulidae. This species is endemic to the island of Tahiti, French Polynesia )Territorial motto: ( en, "Great T ...

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Perrona nifat'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Placenta placuna'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Retusa truncatula'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Scapharca inaequivalvis'' Bruguière (mollusc) *'' Serripes groenlandicus'' Bruguière, 1789 (mollusc) *'' Solatopupa similis'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Sphyradium doliolum'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *''

Subulina octona ''Subulina octona'' is a species of small, tropical, air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinidae. Distribution The native distribution of this species includes: * Caribbean * Cuba

'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) *'' Terebralia sulcata'' Bruguière, 1792 (mollusc) The genus '' Bruguiera'' (mangrove trees from the family '' Rhizophoraceae'') was named by

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolo ...

in his honor. Bruguière Peak in

Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean, it contains the geographic South Pole. Antarctica is the fifth-largest cont ...

is named after Jean Guillaume Bruguière.

References

*Lamy, E., 1930. Les conchyliologistes Bruguière et Hwass. Journ. de Conchyl. Vol. 74.
The Taxonomicon
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruguiere, Jean Guillaume 1749 births 1798 deaths French zoologists French malacologists Conchologists French expatriates in Iran

Biography

Authority

See also

References