Jean-Claude Nicolas Forestier (9 January 1861 in

Aix-les-Bains Aix-les-Bains (, ; frp, Èx-los-Bens; la, Aquae Gratianae), locally simply Aix, is a commune in the southeastern French department of Savoie.

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

) was a French

landscape architect A landscape architect is a person who is educated in the field of landscape architecture. The practice of landscape architecture includes: site analysis, site inventory, site planning, land planning, planting design, grading, storm water manageme ...

who trained with

Adolphe Alphand Jean-Charles Adolphe Alphand (; 26 October 1817 – 6 December 1891) was a French engineer of the Corps of Bridges and Roads. As a close associate of Baron Haussmann and later as Director of Public Works at Paris City Hall from 1871, he was inst ...

and became conservator of the promenades of Paris.

Works

Forestier developed an arboretum at

Vincennes Vincennes (, ) is a commune in the Val-de-Marne department in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. It is next to but does not include the Château de Vincennes and Bois de Vincennes, which are attached ...

and the gardens of the

Champ-de-Mars The Champ de Mars (; en, Field of Mars) is a large public greenspace in Paris, France, located in the seventh ''arrondissement'', between the Eiffel Tower to the northwest and the École Militaire to the southeast. The park is named after the ...

below the

Eiffel Tower The Eiffel Tower ( ; french: links=yes, tour Eiffel ) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. Locally nicknamed "'' ...

. In 1925 he became Inspector of Gardens for the International Exhibition of Decorative Arts and undertook projects in the Americas. In 1925, he moved to

Havana Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center.

for five years to collaborate with architects and landscape designers, where he designed the gardens for the

El Capitolio El Capitolio, or the National Capitol Building (''Capitolio Nacional de La Habana''), is a public edifice in Havana, the capital of Cuba. The building was commissioned by Cuban president Gerardo Machado and built from 1926 to 1929 under the d ...

and worked on the master plan of the city, aiming to create a harmonic balance between classical forms and the tropical landscape. He embraced and connected the city's road networks while accentuating prominent landmarks. He had great influence in Havana, although many of his ideas were cut short by the great depression in 1929. He also made a plan for the improvement of

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...

and the seaside town of

Ostende, Buenos Aires Ostende is a seaside resort on the Atlantic coast of Argentina belonging to the Pinamar Partido. The town limits to the north with the city of Pinamar, to the northeast with Mar de Ostende, to the south with Valeria del Mar, to the east with the A ...

. In Spain, he designed the

Maria Luisa Park Maria may refer to: People * Mary, mother of Jesus * Maria (given name), a popular given name in many languages Place names Extraterrestrial * 170 Maria, a Main belt S-type asteroid discovered in 1877 *Lunar maria (plural of ''mare''), large, d ...

Seville Seville (; es, Sevilla, ) is the capital and largest city of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville. It is situated on the lower reaches of the River Guadalquivir, in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula ...

and the gardens of La Casa del Rey Moro in

Ronda Ronda () is a town in the Spanish province of Málaga. It is located about west of the city of Málaga, within the autonomous community of Andalusia. Its population is about 35,000. Ronda is known for its cliff-side location and a deep chasm ...

Also see

Havana Plan Piloto The Havana Plan Piloto was a 1955–1958 urban proposal by Town Planning Associates, which included Paul Lester Wiener, Paul Schulz, the Catalan architect Josep Lluis Sert, and Seely Stevenson of Value & Knecht, Consulting Engineers, seeking ...

Paseo del Prado, Havana Paseo del Prado is a street and promenade in Havana, Cuba, near the location of the old city wall, and the division between Centro Habana and Old Havana. Technically, the Paseo del Prado includes the entire length of Paseo Martí approximately ...

La Alameda de Paula, Havana The Alameda de Paula is a promenade in Havana, Cuba, it was the first to be built in the city designed by Antonio Fernández de Trebejos y Zaldívar. History The Alameda de Paula was commissioned by Captain General ( es, Capitanía General de Cu ...

Paseo de Tacón The Paseo de Tacón, or Paseo Militar, was created by the Captain General ( es, Capitanía General de Cuba) Miguel Tacón y Rosique (1834–1838) who promoted the reform of the “road” that, starting from the calles of San Luis de Gonzaga (Rein ...

Writings

* FORESTIER Jean Claude Nicolas, ''Grandes villes et systèmes de parcs'', Paris, Hachette, 1908, 50p. * FORESTIER Jean Claude Nicolas, ''Grandes villes et systèmes de parcs'', Paris, Norma, rééd. du texte de 1908 présentée par B. Leclerc et S. Tarrago, 1997, 383p. * FORESTIER Jean Claude Nicolas, ''Jardins,[carnet de plans et de croquis'', Paris, Ed Picard, 1994. * LECLERC Bénédicte, ''Jean Claude Nicolas FORESTIER,1861-1930, du Jardin au paysage urbain'', Paris, Ed Picard, 2000, 283p. * LECLERC Bénédicte, ''Jean Claude Nicolas FORESTIER,1861-1930, La science des jardins au service de l’art urbain'', Revue Pages Paysages, N°2, 1988–89, p24-29. * LECLERC Bénédicte, ''Jardin, Paysage, urbanisme : la mission de Jean C-N Forestier au Maroc en 1913'', Nancy, Ed Ecole d’architecture de Nancy, 1993, s-p. * LE DANTEC Jean-Pierre, ''Le Sauvage et le régulier. Art des jardins et paysagisme en France au XXième siècle'', Paris, Ed du Moniteur, 2002, p93 à 101. 1861 births 1930 deaths People from Aix-les-Bains École Polytechnique alumni Sciences Po alumni French urban planners French landscape architects Officiers of the Légion d'honneur Modernist architects Architects from Havana {{France-architect-stub