Jatiya Party (Ershad)
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The Jatiya Party ( bn, জাতীয় পার্টি, translit=Jatiyo Party, lit=National Party) is a
conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institutions, practices, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization in ...
,
nationalist Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a group of people), Smith, Anthony. ''Nationalism: Th ...
political party A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific ideological or p ...
in
Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
and is currently the main opposition in the
Jatiya Sangsad The Jatiya Sangsad ( bn, জাতীয় সংসদ, lit=National Parliament, translit=Jatiyô Sôngsôd), often referred to simply as the ''Sangsad'' or JS and also known as the House of the Nation, is the supreme legislative body of B ...
, against the Awami League. The current chairman of the party is Ghulam Muhammad Quader. On 3 January 2019, the party announced its decision to join the
Bangladesh Awami League Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
-led Grand Alliance after having been in opposition for the previous parliamentary term. However, the party backtracked the next day and announced that it intended to remain part of the opposition. Currently, it holds Rangpur out of Bangladesh's 12 city corporations.


History

The party was established by a retired army officer,
Hussain Mohammad Ershad Lt. Gen. Hussain Muhammad Ershad ( bn, হুসেইন মুহাম্মদ এরশাদ; 1 February 1930 – 14 July 2019) was a Bangladeshi Army Chief politician who served as the President of Bangladesh from 1983 to 1990, a time ma ...
on 1 January 1986. He was the Chief of Army Staff of
Bangladesh Army The Bangladesh Army is the land warfare branch and the largest component of the Bangladesh Armed Forces. The primary mission of the Army is to provide necessary forces and capabilities to deliver the Bangladeshi government's security and defe ...
. He had seized power through a coup d'état on 24 March 1982. He ruled the country as chief martial law administrator till December 1983. Politics was banned during the state of emergency imposed by Ershad, when Justice A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury was appointed
President of Bangladesh The president of Bangladesh ( bn, বাংলাদেশের রাষ্ট্রপতি — ) officially the President of the People's Republic of Bangladesh ( bn, গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশে ...
. The Janadal Party was formed under the leadership of A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury, through Ershads declaration of the 19-point programme on 17 March 1983. Chowdhury announced the formation of Janadal on 27 November 1983. Chowdhury was the convenor and MA Matin as general secretary. When Ershad became president,
Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury ( bn, মিজানুর রহমান চৌধুরী; 19 October 1928 – 2 February 2006) was a Bengali politician, most notable for serving as Prime Minister of Bangladesh from 9 July 1986, to 27 March 1988. ...
was named chairman and Riazuddin Ahmed (also known as Bhola Mia, in his area) the general secretary. Ershad formed a second political party, Jatiya Front, under the Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician
Shah Azizur Rahman Shah Azizur Rahman ( bn, শাহ আজিজুর রহমান; 23 November 1925 – 1 September 1989) was a Bangladeshi politician who served as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. However, he was the subject of considerable controversy for ...
, with members of Janadal and Muslim League, the
Ganatantri Dal The Ganatantri Dal was East Pakistan's first secular political party. It was founded on 19 January 1953 by Mahmud Ali with Haji Mohammad Danesh, a veteran communist activist of the Tebhaga movement as its first president. The party was the firs ...
, United Peoples Party.
Moudud Ahmed Moudud Ahmed (24 May 1940 – 16 March 2021) was a Bangladeshi lawyer and politician. He was a standing committee member of Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Ahmed was elected as a Jatiya Sangsad member total five times from Noakhali-1 and Noakhali-5 ...
, and
Anwar Hossain Manju Anwar Hossain Manju (born 9 February 1944) is a Bangladeshi politician who is the incumbent Jatiya Sangsad member representing Pirojpur-2 constituency which consists of Kawkhali, Bhandaria and Zianagar upazilas. He was elected a member of Jat ...
joined Jatiya Front. The front was dissolved in six months and a new political party called Jatiya Party was formed on 1 January 1986 with Ershad as its chairman. On 7 May 1986 elections, the Jatiya Party won 153 seats in the national elections. The election was viewed as neither neutral nor fair. On 15 October 1986, Ershad was elected President of Bangladesh. Protests for democracy gained momentum in 1987. Consequently, Ershad dissolved the Jatiya Sangsad on 6 December 1987. In the elections for the fourth Jatiya Sangsad held on 3 March 1988, the Jatiya Party secured 251 seats, while other major political parties, including the BNP and the Awami League, boycotted the election. Ershad resigned in December 1990 in the face of rising protest and international pressure. Ershad handed power over to Justice
Shahabuddin Ahmed Shahabuddin Ahmed (1 February 1930 – 19 March 2022) served as the President of Bangladesh from 1996 to 2001, and the Chief Justice of Bangladesh from 1990 to 1995. He previously served as the acting president during 1990–91 when Hussain Mu ...
, on 6 December 1991. Ershad was arrested, and his deputy, Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury became the acting chairman. On 27 February 1991 national election, the Jatiya Party won the third largest number of seats, 35 seats in the parliament. Jatiya Party won 32 seats in the parliamentary elections held on 12 June 1996 under the caretaker government (CTG). Jatiya Party joined the
Bangladesh Awami League Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
led cabinet. Anwar Hossain Manju, the secretary general of Jatiya, was included in the cabinet of
Sheikh Hasina Sheikh Hasina Wazed (''née'' Sheikh Hasina ; ; bn, শেখ হাসিনা ওয়াজেদ, Shēkh Hasinā, , born 28 September 1947) is a Bangladeshi politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Bangladesh since January 2 ...
as Minister of Communication. Jatiya party splintered in three groups by 2000, this fraction was led by General Ershad, another led by
Anwar Hossain Manju Anwar Hossain Manju (born 9 February 1944) is a Bangladeshi politician who is the incumbent Jatiya Sangsad member representing Pirojpur-2 constituency which consists of Kawkhali, Bhandaria and Zianagar upazilas. He was elected a member of Jat ...
and
Bangladesh Jatiya Party The Bangladesh Jatiya Party is a political party in Bangladesh. It is a splinter group of the original Jatiya Party, that was founded by the former President of Bangladesh Hossain Mohammad Ershad. It was previously known as Jatiya Party (Naz ...
led by
Naziur Rahman Manzur Naziur Rahman Manzur ( bn, নাজিউর রহমান মঞ্জুর; 15 March 1948 – 6 April 2008) was a Bangladesh Jatiya Party politician, founding chairman of the party, former government minister in the cabinet of Hussain Moham ...
. In the 2001 parliamentary election the fraction led by Ershad won 14 seats, while the fraction led by Anwar Hossain won one seat. 2014 Election was a controversial election for Jatiya Party where Ershad's spokesperson
Bobby Hajjaj Bobby Hajjaj ( bn, ববি হাজ্জাজ; born 7 April 1974) is a Bangladeshi politician. Hajjaj is the founder and chairman of the political party Nationalist Democratic Movement (NDM). He is also an Oxford scholar, an academic, and sp ...
publicly declared that Jatiya Party would not participate in the election. After the 2014 election, Ershad became the special envoy of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina in the Bangladesh Awami League led government. Jatiya Party became the opposition party and
Rowshan Ershad Roushan Ershad (born 19 July 1943) is a Bangladesh Jatiya Party politician. She is the current Jatiya Sangsad member from Mymensingh-4 constituency and the incumbent Leader of the Opposition in the 11th parliament. She is the Chief Patron of th ...
, Ershad's wife, became the leader of the opposition. Despite being in the opposition party some leaders of Jatiya Party are also in the government cabinet. In January 2016, Ershad's brother,
GM Quader Ghulam Muhammed Quader ( bn, গোলাম মোহাম্মদ কাদের; born 24 February 1948), better known as GM Quader, is a Bangladeshi politician and the current chairperson of Jatiya Party. He is the incumbent Jatiya Sangsad ...
, was made vice chairman of the party. In April 2016 Ershad appointed Rowshan as the vice-chairman of the party. In March 2017, Ershad indicated he might form a new political alliance with 14 other parties. For the next general election however, the Jatiya Party under HM Ershad formed a 58 party grand alliance of its own. Of the 58 parties, only Jatiya Party and Bangladesh Islamic Front have registration with the election commission as of 2017.


Student front

Jatiya Chatra Samaj is the student front of the party. It had celebrated Ershad's birthday in Madhu's Canteen at Dhaka University in March 2017, the same location in which pro-democracy protests against Ershad were organised during his rule.


Central Committee Member


Electoral history


Presidential elections


Jatiya Sangsad elections


See also

*
Grand Alliance (Bangladesh) The Grand Alliance ( bn, মহাজোট) is big-tent political alliance of predominantly left-leaning political parties in Bangladesh formed before the 2008 general election. The Grand Alliance is led by the Awami League. Membership El ...
*
Jatiya Party (Manju) The Jatiya Party (Manju) (Bengali: জাতীয় পার্টি (মঞ্জু)) (''National Party (Manju))'' is a political party in Bangladesh, led by Anwar Hossain Manju. It is a splinter group of the original Jatiya Party, that ...
* Bangladesh Jatiya Party – BJP


References


External links

* {{Bangladeshi political parties 1986 establishments in Bangladesh Conservative parties in Asia Liberal parties in Asia National liberal parties Political parties established in 1986 Political parties in Bangladesh