Janet Tavakoli
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Janet Tavakoli is the president of Tavakoli Structured Finance, Inc., a Chicago-based consulting firm. She has had three books published on credit derivatives, structured finance, and the 2008 global financial crisis.


Education and background

Janet is the daughter of a surgeon from Wisconsin and a nurse from Buffalo, New York. Her father died when she was 12. She grew up on the south side of Chicago and Oak Brook, Illinois, and received a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering from the
Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. Tracing its history to 1890, the present name was adopted upon the merger of the Armour Institute and Lewis Institute in 1940. The university has prog ...
in 1975. Just after graduating in 1975, she married an Iranian Ph.D. student and became Janet Tavakoli. The Tavakolis lived in Iran for over a year during the time the
Shah Shah (; fa, شاه, , ) is a royal title that was historically used by the leading figures of Iranian monarchies.Yarshater, EhsaPersia or Iran, Persian or Farsi, ''Iranian Studies'', vol. XXII no. 1 (1989) It was also used by a variety of ...
was overthrown, leaving in 1979, three months after
Ayatollah Khomeini Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini, Imam Khomeini ( , ; ; 17 May 1900 – 3 June 1989) was an Iranian political and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the founder of ...
returned.Interview on C-Span Q&A
April 19, 2009.
Janet then returned to the US, but her husband remained in Iran. They divorced after five years of marriage. Back in the US she worked as an engineer while studying at the
University of Chicago Booth School of Business The University of Chicago Booth School of Business (Chicago Booth or Booth) is the graduate business school of the University of Chicago. Founded in 1898, Chicago Booth is the second-oldest business school in the U.S. and is associated with 10 N ...
where she received an MBA in finance in 1981."The Casandra of Credit Derivatives"
''Business Week Chicago'', January 28, 2008.


Career

Tavakoli has worked in finance since completing her M.B.A. in 1981. She has traded, structured, and sold derivatives and structured products in both New York and London. In addition, she has held senior positions in the global financial markets division at Westdeutsche Landesbank in London, the capital markets group for Bank One in Chicago, the
Swap (finance) In finance, a swap is an agreement between two counterparties to exchange financial instruments, cashflows, or payments for a certain time. The instruments can be almost anything but most swaps involve cash based on a notional principal amoun ...
trading desk and mortgage-backed securities marketing for
Merrill Lynch Merrill (officially Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated), previously branded Merrill Lynch, is an American investment management and wealth management division of Bank of America. Along with BofA Securities, the investment ba ...
in New York, and MBS marketing to Japanese clients for PaineWebber (now UBS) in New York. She has also worked for
Bear Stearns The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. was a New York-based global investment bank, securities trading and brokerage firm that failed in 2008 as part of the global financial crisis and recession, and was subsequently sold to JPMorgan Chase. The com ...
,
Goldman Sachs Goldman Sachs () is an American multinational investment bank and financial services company. Founded in 1869, Goldman Sachs is headquartered at 200 West Street in Lower Manhattan, with regional headquarters in London, Warsaw, Bangalore, Ho ...
,
Salomon Brothers Salomon Brothers, Inc., was an American multinational bulge bracket investment bank headquartered in New York. It was one of the five largest investment banking enterprises in the United States and the most profitable firm on Wall Street durin ...
, and
Bank of America The Bank of America Corporation (often abbreviated BofA or BoA) is an American multinational investment bank and financial services holding company headquartered at the Bank of America Corporate Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. The bank ...
. She taught "Derivatives: Futures, Forwards, Options and Swaps" at the
University of Chicago Booth School of Business The University of Chicago Booth School of Business (Chicago Booth or Booth) is the graduate business school of the University of Chicago. Founded in 1898, Chicago Booth is the second-oldest business school in the U.S. and is associated with 10 N ...
as adjunct associate professor of finance.


Warnings about the financial industry

Tavakoli started warning of dangers in the financial industry in the 1990s. Her book ''
Credit derivatives In finance, a credit derivative refers to any one of "various instruments and techniques designed to separate and then transfer the ''credit risk''" The Economist ''Passing on the risks'' 2 November 1996 or the risk of an event of default of a co ...
: a guide to instruments and applications'', published in 1998 warned about documentation risk and
information asymmetry In contract theory and economics, information asymmetry deals with the study of decisions in transactions where one party has more or better information than the other. Information asymmetry creates an imbalance of power in transactions, which ...
creating economic distortions. She has often criticized the International Swaps and Derivatives Association. Her 2003 book '' Collateralized debt obligations and structured finance'' warned about bad ratings and corrupt structures. These CDOs caused the virtual bankruptcy of AIG during the financial crisis in September 2008 (after which AIG received a massive bailout at taxpayer expense). In 2011 she unofficially "revoked" the designation as Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations of the ten rating agencies having that status, on grounds that they do not deserve it.


Writing

Tavakoli's book ''Dear Mr. Buffett: What an Investor Learns 1,269 Miles From Wall Street'' (2009) uses her discussions with
Warren Buffett Warren Edward Buffett ( ; born August 30, 1930) is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He is currently the chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. He is one of the most successful investors in the world and has a net ...
on credit derivatives and structured finance as context for analyzing the global financial meltdown of 2008. The discussions began after Buffett invited her to lunch after receiving a copy of her book ''Credit Derivatives and Synthetic Structures'' (1998, 2001). This book, along with her ''Collateralized Debt Obligations and Structured Finance: New Developments in Cash and Synthetic Securitization'' (2003, re-published as ''Structured Finance and Collateralized Debt Obligations: Developments in Cash and Synthetic Securitization'' in 2008), outlines flaws in the methodology for rating structured financial products. She has also written articles for ''
The Wall Street Journal ''The Wall Street Journal'' is an American business-focused, international daily newspaper based in New York City, with international editions also available in Chinese and Japanese. The ''Journal'', along with its Asian editions, is published ...
'', ''
Financial Times The ''Financial Times'' (''FT'') is a British daily newspaper printed in broadsheet and published digitally that focuses on business and economic current affairs. Based in London, England, the paper is owned by a Japanese holding company, Nik ...
'', ''
Business Week ''Bloomberg Businessweek'', previously known as ''BusinessWeek'', is an American weekly business magazine published fifty times a year. Since 2009, the magazine is owned by New York City-based Bloomberg L.P. The magazine debuted in New York City ...
'', and other financial publications. Her first novel, ''Archangels: Rise of the Jesuits'' was published in 2013.


Criticism of TARP

Tavakoli is an outspoken critic of the 2008
Troubled Asset Relief Program The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) is a program of the United States government to purchase toxic assets and equity from financial institutions to strengthen its financial sector that was passed by Congress and signed into law by President ...
(TARP) for financial institutions. She points out that many decisions made appear to favour companies with connections to government officials making the decisions. In particular, she criticizes the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, headed by
Timothy Geithner Timothy Franz Geithner (; born August 18, 1961) is a former American central banker who served as the 75th United States Secretary of the Treasury under President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013. He was the President of the Federal Reserve Bank ...
at the time, for deciding to pay Goldman Sachs and other financial firms 100 cents on the dollar for billions of dollars of troubled AIG
credit default swaps A credit default swap (CDS) is a financial swap agreement that the seller of the CDS will compensate the buyer in the event of a debt default (by the debtor) or other credit event. That is, the seller of the CDS insures the buyer against some ...
, while other bond insurers have settled similar contracts for as little as ten cents on the dollar. AIG had been trying to persuade the banks to settle for a discount of 40 cents on the dollar."New York Fed’s Secret Choice to Pay for Swaps Hits Taxpayers "
''Bloomberg'', Richard Teitelbaum and Hugh Son, October 27, 2009
Henry Paulson Henry Merritt Paulson Jr. (born March 28, 1946) is an American banker and financier who served as the 74th United States Secretary of the Treasury from 2006 to 2009. Prior to his role in the Department of the Treasury, Paulson was the Chairman a ...
, the prime architect of the bailout, was CEO of Goldman Sachs at the time those CDS agreements were entered into. Geithner was later appointed Treasury Secretary by the Obama administration.


Works

*''Credit derivatives: a guide to instruments and applications'', Wiley, 1998,
''Credit derivatives & synthetic structures: a guide to instruments and applications''
John Wiley and Sons, 2001,
''Collateralized debt obligations and structured finance: new developments in cash and synthetic securitization''
John Wiley and Sons, 2003,
''Dear Mr. Buffett: what an investor learns 1,269 miles from Wall Street''
John Wiley and Sons, 2008, *''Structured Finance and Collateralized Debt Obligations: New Developments in Cash and Synthetic Securitization'', John Wiley & Sons, 2008, ;Novels *''Archangels: Rise of the Jesuits'' (2013)


Notes


External links

*


University of Chicago Magazine Article
*
C-SPAN ''Q&A'' interview with Tavakoli, April 19, 2009
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tavakoli, Janet 1953 births Living people American finance and investment writers 21st-century American novelists American women novelists Illinois Institute of Technology alumni University of Chicago Booth School of Business alumni 21st-century American women writers People from Oak Brook, Illinois American women non-fiction writers 21st-century American non-fiction writers