James Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

James Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan (1442–1499) was a Scottish noble. He was the uncle of
James III of Scotland James III (10 July 1451/May 1452 – 11 June 1488) was King of Scots from 1460 until his death at the Battle of Sauchieburn in 1488. He inherited the throne as a child following the death of his father, King James II, at the siege of Roxburgh ...
who granted him the Earldom of Buchan. Buchan repaid his nephew by fighting for his cause against rebellious southern barons. Through his marriage to
Margaret Ogilvy ''Margaret Ogilvy: Life Is a Long Lesson in Humility'' is a biographical book written in the late 19th century by J. M. Barrie, about his mother and family life in Scotland. According to '' The Bookman'', it was the 7th bestselling book of 1897 in ...
he acquired the title Lord Auchterhouse.


Life

James Stewart was the second son of Sir
James Stewart, the Black Knight of Lorne James Stewart, the Black Knight of Lorne ( 1399 – c. 1451) was a Scottish nobleman. Early life The Black Knight of Lorne was born at Innermeath, Scotland. His father was Sir John Stewart (died 26 April 1421), Scotland's Ambassador to England. He ...
, and Joan Beaufort, the widow of
James I of Scotland James I (late July 139421 February 1437) was King of Scots from 1406 until his assassination in 1437. The youngest of three sons, he was born in Dunfermline Abbey to King Robert III and Annabella Drummond. His older brother David, Duke of Ro ...
. "Hearty James" was a younger brother of
John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl (15 September 1512), also known as Sir John Stewart of Balveny, was a Scottish nobleman and ambassador. Life He was the oldest child of Joan Beaufort, widow of James I of Scotland, and her second husband, Sir ...
, and a younger half-brother of
James II of Scotland James II (16 October 1430 – 3 August 1460) was King of Scots from 1437 until his death in 1460. The eldest surviving son of James I of Scotland, he succeeded to the Scottish throne at the age of six, following the assassination of his father. ...
and Princess Margaret Stewart, first wife of
Louis XI of France Louis XI (3 July 1423 – 30 August 1483), called "Louis the Prudent" (french: le Prudent), was King of France from 1461 to 1483. He succeeded his father, Charles VII. Louis entered into open rebellion against his father in a short-lived revo ...
. In 1467, his nephew James III granted him and his wife the lands of the Baronies of Strathalva and Down, with the Castle of Banff and the fishings of the water of
River Deveron The River Deveron ( gd, Uisge Dubh Èireann), known anciently as the Dovern, is a river in the north east of Scotland. The river has a length of , and has a reputation for its Atlantic salmon, sea trout and brown trout fishing. In its upper rea ...
. In 1469, James III conferred on James the
Earldom of Buchan The Mormaer () or Earl of Buchan () was originally the provincial ruler of the medieval province of Buchan. Buchan was the first Mormaerdom in the High Medieval Kingdom of the Scots to pass into the hands of a non-Scottish family in the male ...
(first of the third creation). James III conferred the estate of
Traquair Traquair ( gd, Cille Bhrìghde) is a small village and civil parishes in Scotland, civil parish in the Scottish Borders; Counties of Scotland, until 1975 it was in the county of Peeblesshire. The village is situated on the B709 road south of Inn ...
to William Rogers, an eminent musician, and one of his favourites. After holding the lands for upwards of nine years, Rogers sold them for an insignificant sum, in 1478, to Buchan. When the southern barons entered into a conspiracy against the King, the Earl of Buchan remained loyal. The King crossed the
River Forth The River Forth is a major river in central Scotland, long, which drains into the North Sea on the east coast of the country. Its drainage basin covers much of Stirlingshire in Scotland's Central Belt. The Gaelic name for the upper reach of t ...
, and passed into the northeastern counties, where a strong force rallied around him. He then marched south, and came in sight of the rebellious barons at Blackness in West Lothian, and the Earl of Buchan attacked and drove back the left wing of the insurgent army. Negotiations were opened, and the Earl of Buchan insisted on severe measures against the insurgent nobles; but
George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly (died 8 June 1501) was a Scottish nobleman and Chancellor of Scotland from 1498 to 1501. Life George was the son of Alexander (Seton) Gordon, 1st Earl of Huntly and his second wife Elizabeth Crichton, daughter ...
and
William Hay, 3rd Earl of Erroll William Hay, 3rd Earl of Erroll ( – 14 January 1507) was a Scottish peer. He was the third Earl of Erroll and the fourth Lord Hay of Erroll. Biography William Hay was the son of William Hay, 1st Earl of Erroll and his wife, Beatrix, daugh ...
were opposed to this, and they retired to the north. It was evident, however, that Buchan's view was right. A pacification was arranged in May 1488, in which the barons promised to return to their allegiance and maintain the rights of the Crown and the peace of the kingdom; and the King disbanded his army and returned to
Edinburgh Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian ...
. However the rebellion continued and on 11 June 1488 at the
Battle of Sauchieburn The Battle of Sauchieburn was fought on 11 June 1488, at the side of Sauchie Burn, a stream about south of Stirling, Scotland. The battle was fought between the followers of King James III of Scotland and a large group of rebellious Scottish n ...
James III and was defeated and killed. The victorious barons passed the night on the field of battle. On the following morning they proceeded to Linlithgow, issued a proclamation, and immediately seized the Royal treasure and the reins of Government. The Earls of Buchan, Huntly, and Lennox, Lord Forbes and others, who had fought for James III, were summoned to appear before Parliament and answer to a charge of treason. Parliament met at Edinburgh on 6 October 1488 and considered the position of those who had been summoned for treason. The Earl of Buchan tendered his submission and was pardoned and restored to power. None of the others who were cited appeared, and consequently their possessions were placed at the disposal of Parliament. In 1491 Buchan conferred Traquair, on his natural son James Stewart. Buchan died in 1499, and was succeeded by his son, Alexander, 2nd Earl of Buchan.


Family

Before 1467 James Stewart married Margaret Ogilvie, the heiress of Sir Alexander
Ogilvie Ogilvie is a surname of Scottish origin. It may also refer to: People *Ogilvie (name) Places Australia * Ogilvie, Western Australia Canada * Ogilvie, Nova Scotia * Ogilvie Aerodrome, Yukon * Ogilvie Mountains, a mountain range in Yukon Scotlan ...
of Auchterhouse. They were parents to two children: * Alexander Stewart, 2nd Earl of Buchan (d. 1505) *Agnes Stewart of Buchan, a
mistress Mistress is the feminine form of the English word "master" (''master'' + ''-ess'') and may refer to: Romance and relationships * Mistress (lover), a term for a woman who is in a sexual and romantic relationship with a man who is married to a ...
of James IV of Scotland, and mother of Lady Janet Stewart, who was in turn a mistress of
Henry II of France Henry II (french: Henri II; 31 March 1519 – 10 July 1559) was King of France from 31 March 1547 until his death in 1559. The second son of Francis I and Duchess Claude of Brittany, he became Dauphin of France upon the death of his elder bro ...
. Buchan had several illegitimate children with his mistress Margaret Murray (b. ca. 1446), many of whom were later legitimized by a royal charter issued in 1488–1489. *James Stewart, 1st
Laird Laird () is the owner of a large, long-established Scottish estate. In the traditional Scottish order of precedence, a laird ranked below a baron and above a gentleman. This rank was held only by those lairds holding official recognition in ...
of
Traquair Traquair ( gd, Cille Bhrìghde) is a small village and civil parishes in Scotland, civil parish in the Scottish Borders; Counties of Scotland, until 1975 it was in the county of Peeblesshire. The village is situated on the B709 road south of Inn ...
(1480–1513), was the founder of the Traquair family. He was gifted the Traquair estate by his father in 1491. He obtained letters of legitimation, and married the heiress of the Rutherfords, with whom he received the estates of Rutherford and Wells in Roxburghshire. He was killed at the
Battle of Flodden The Battle of Flodden, Flodden Field, or occasionally Branxton, (Brainston Moor) was a battle fought on 9 September 1513 during the War of the League of Cambrai between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, resulting in an English ...
. He was the ancestor of
John Stewart, 1st Earl of Traquair John Stewart, 1st Earl of Traquair (died 27 March 1659) was a Scottish statesman who was created Baron Stewart of Traquair in 1628 and Earl of Traquair in 1633. Life He was the son of John Stewart, the Younger, of Traquair in Peeblesshire, of ...
. *
Lady Agnes Stewart Lady Agnes Stewart (died 1557) was a Scottish noble. She was born the illegitimateG.E. Cokayne et al (eds), ''The Complete Peerage'', vol. 2 (Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), p. 238. daughter of James Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan and Margaret Murray. ...
, married first Adam Hepburn, 2nd Earl of Bothwell in August 1511, secondly
Alexander Home, 3rd Lord Home Alexander Home, 3rd Lord Home (died 1516) was a Scottish soldier and nobleman, Chamberlain of Scotland and Warden of the Eastern March. He fought at the Battle of Flodden where his forces defeated the English right wing before the Scottish army ...
, thirdly
Robert Maxwell, 5th Lord Maxwell Robert Maxwell, 5th Lord Maxwell (1493 – 9 July 1546) was a member of the Council of Regency (1536) of the Kingdom of Scotland, Regent of the Isle of Arran and like his father before him patriarch of the House of Maxwell/Clan Maxwell. A distingu ...
and fourthly Cuthbert Ramsay, of Edinburgh. Adam Hepburn, 2nd Earl of Bothwell was killed at the
Battle of Flodden The Battle of Flodden, Flodden Field, or occasionally Branxton, (Brainston Moor) was a battle fought on 9 September 1513 during the War of the League of Cambrai between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, resulting in an English ...
on 9 September 1513, she died in February, 1557. * Elene or Ellen Stewart, who was given a grant of the marriage of William Sinclair, son of Oliver Sinclair of Roslin in December 1511.''Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland'', vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1908), p. 356 no. 2346.


Notes


References

* * *


Attribution

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Stewart, Buchan, James 1st Earl of 1442 births 1499 deaths 1
James James is a common English language surname and given name: *James (name), the typically masculine first name James * James (surname), various people with the last name James James or James City may also refer to: People * King James (disambiguati ...
Lord Chamberlains of Scotland Peers created by James III