John Hadley Nicanor Hemingway (October 10, 1923 – December 1, 2000) was a Canadian-American fly fisherman, conservationist, and writer. He was the son of American novelist and

Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...

-laureate

Ernest Hemingway Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899 – July 2, 1961) was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist. His economical and understated style—which he termed the iceberg theory—had a strong influence on 20th-century f ...

Early life

Jack Hemingway was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the only child of American writer

and his first wife

Hadley Richardson Elizabeth Hadley Richardson (November 9, 1891 – January 22, 1979) was the first wife of American author Ernest Hemingway. The two married in 1921 after a courtship of less than a year, and moved to Paris within months of being married. In Paris, ...

. He later gained two half-brothers, Patrick and Gregory/Gloria, from Hemingway's marriage to Pauline Pfeiffer. Throughout his life, Jack was considered by many to bear a strong physical resemblance to his father,"The Hemingway Children"
''booklatch'' at wordpress.com. Accessed December 28, 2015 but was more like his mother in temperament: "good-natured and even-tempered, and not particularly driven".Baker, Allie �
"Luck, Pluck, and Serendipity: Bumby’s Wartime Experience" (with Hadley audio)
''The Hemingway Project'', February 13, 2014 Accessed December 28, 2015 He was named for his mother, and for the Spanish matador Nicanor Villalta y Serrés, whom his father admired.

Gertrude Stein Gertrude Stein (February 3, 1874 – July 27, 1946) was an American novelist, poet, playwright, and art collector. Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in the Allegheny West neighborhood and raised in Oakland, California, Stein moved to Paris ...

and Alice B. Toklas were his godparents. Nicknamed Bumby as a toddler by his mother "because of his plump teddy-bear qualities",Kert, Bernice (1983). ''The Hemingway Women: Those Who Loved Him – the Wives and Others''. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. he spent his early years in Paris and the Austrian Alps.

College, military service, early post-war career

Hemingway attended the University of Montana and Dartmouth College, but never graduated, instead enlisting in the U.S. Army after the

attack on Pearl Harbor The attack on Pearl HarborAlso known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States against the naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii ...

in 1941. Known for his sense of humor, in late 1943 at

Camp Shanks Camp Shanks was a United States Army installation in the Orangetown, New York area. Named after Major General David C. Shanks, it was situated near the juncture of the Erie Railroad and the Hudson River. The camp was the largest U.S. Army embarka ...

near Orangeburg, New York, he overheard two older men (one of whom he recognized) in a bar arguing over who was the better writer, Ernest Hemingway or

William Faulkner William Cuthbert Faulkner (; September 25, 1897 – July 6, 1962) was an American writer known for his novels and short stories set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha County, based on Lafayette County, Mississippi, where Faulkner spent most o ...

. Jack interrupted, and said in his opinion, there was "a writer that was a better storyteller than either Hemingway or Faulkner – Maurice Walsh". One of the men said, "'I am Maurice Walsh," to which Hemingway responded, "I'm Jack Hemingway ... pleased to meet you." Assigned overseas to France in 1944, he started as a military police officer commanding a special unit of black soldiers, and later obtained a transfer into the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the newly formed U.S. wartime intelligence agency that evolved into the

CIA The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA ), known informally as the Agency and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States, officially tasked with gathering, processing, ...

after the war. As a French-speaking First Lieutenant with the OSS, he worked with the

French Resistance The French Resistance (french: La Résistance) was a collection of organisations that fought the German occupation of France during World War II, Nazi occupation of France and the Collaborationism, collaborationist Vichy France, Vichy régim ...

. Characteristic of his sense of daring, he parachuted into

occupied France The Military Administration in France (german: Militärverwaltung in Frankreich; french: Occupation de la France par l'Allemagne) was an interim occupation authority established by Nazi Germany during World War II to administer the occupied zo ...

with his fly rod, reel and flies, and was almost captured by a German patrol while fishing after his first mission. While on a leave in Algiers, he met with his father's third wife,

Martha Gellhorn Martha Ellis Gellhorn (8 November 1908 – 15 February 1998) was an American novelist, travel writer, and journalist who is considered one of the great war correspondents of the 20th century. Gellhorn reported on virtually every major worl ...

, whom Jack called his "favorite other mother", who was on her way to Italy to work as a war correspondent with the French Forces. In France in late October 1944, Hemingway was wounded and captured by the Germans behind enemy lines in the

Vosges The Vosges ( , ; german: Vogesen ; Franconian and gsw, Vogese) are a range of low mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single ...

, and was held as a POW (prisoner-of-war) at Moosburg Prison Camp until April 1945.Oliver (1999), p. 145 While a POW, he lost , dropping from . Upon his release, he was flown to Paris in time to join the crowds celebrating

VE-Day Victory in Europe Day is the day celebrating the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces on Tuesday, 8 May 1945, marking the official end of World War II in Europe in the Easter ...

on May 8, 1945, in the

Champs Elysees Champs may refer to: Music * The Champs, a U.S. instrumental music group * Champs (Brazilian band), a Brazilian boy band * Champs (British band), a British folk- and indie rock-influenced band * The Fucking Champs, a U.S. progressive heavy met ...

so beloved by his parents, and he was awarded the Croix de Guerre by the government of France for his wartime service.Homberger, Eric (December 4, 2000)
"Obituary: Jack Hemingway"
''

The Guardian ''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'', and changed its name in 1959. Along with its sister papers ''The Observer'' and ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardian'' is part of the Gu ...

''. Accessed February 15, 2013. After the war, he was stationed briefly in West Berlin and Freiburg im Breisgau in Germany, and at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, before leaving the army. After his discharge, and back in civilian life, he worked as a stockbroker, and then as a fishing supplies salesman. In 1967, he retired and returned to live in Ketchum, Idaho, his father's last home and burial place. There he taught languages, pursued his passion for fly fishing, and wrote two autobiographical books.

Marriage and family

Hemingway married Byra Louise "Puck" Whittlesey on June 25, 1949, in Paris. Their wedding was attended by Julia Child and Alice B. Toklas. The couple had three children: Joan Whittlesey "Muffet" Hemingway (born 1950), Margot Louise Hemingway later known as Margaux Hemingway (1954–1996), and Mariel Hadley Hemingway (born 1961). Puck died of cancer in 1988. In 1989, Hemingway married Angela Holvey; they remained married until his death in 2000.

Sexual abuse allegations

In the 1990s, Margaux accused her father of molesting her as a child, an allegation he denied. She later died of a barbiturate overdose in 1996 at age 42; her death was ruled self-inflicted, thereby becoming "the fifth person in four generations of her family to commit suicide". In a 2013 television documentary film ''

Running from Crazy ''Running from Crazy'' is a 2013 television documentary film by director Barbara Kopple about the family of Mariel Hemingway, granddaughter of Nobel Prize-winning author Ernest Hemingway. Through the eyes of Mariel, who received an Oscar nomina ...

'', Mariel spoke of her family's struggles with alcoholism, mental illness, and suicide. She also backed up her sister's allegation of being molested by Jack, claiming that he sexually abused both of her two older sisters in childhood.

Angler and conservationist

Throughout his life, Jack Hemingway was an avid fly fisherman. He fished "most of North America's great trout streams", and several of the world's best salmon rivers, such as the Lærdalselvi River in Norway.Hemingway, Jack (1986). ''Misadventures of a Fly Fisherman: My Life With and Without Papa'', Dallas: Taylor Publ. Co. A long-time resident of Idaho, Hemingway lived in Ketchum, Idaho. From 1971 to 1977, he was a commissioner on the Idaho Fish and Game Commission. Idaho's trout stocks increased as a result of Hemingway's success in getting the state to adopt a

catch and release Catch and release is a practice within recreational fishing where after capture, often a fast measurement and weighing of the fish is performed, followed by posed photography as proof of the catch, and then the fish are unhooked and returned ...

fishing law. His work with

The Nature Conservancy The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US. Founded in 1951, The Nat ...

was instrumental in preserving Silver Creek near Sun Valley, Idaho as one of Idaho's premier trout streams."Former Fish & Game Commissioner Jack Hemingway"
Idaho Fish and Game press release, December 11, 2000. Retrieved February 18, 2013.

Writer

Jack Hemingway assisted his father's fourth wife and widow, Mary Welsh Hemingway, with final editing before publication of ''

A Moveable Feast ''A Moveable Feast'' is a 1964 memoir ''belles-lettres'' by American author Ernest Hemingway about his years as a struggling expat journalist and writer in Paris during the 1920s. It was published posthumously. The book details Hemingway's fir ...

'' (1964),Hemingway, Jack - ''A Life Worth Living: The Adventures of a Passionate Sportsman'', Lyons Press, Guilford, Conn., 2002. his father's

memoir A memoir (; , ) is any nonfiction narrative writing based in the author's personal memories. The assertions made in the work are thus understood to be factual. While memoir has historically been defined as a subcategory of biography or autobiog ...

of life in 1920s Paris, which was published three years after Ernest Hemingway's death. Jack Hemingway also published an autobiography, ''Misadventures of a Fly Fisherman: My Life With and Without Papa'', in 1986. A second autobiographical work, ''A Life Worth Living: The Adventures of a Passionate Sportsman'', was released posthumously in 2002.

Death and honors

Jack Hemingway died on December 1, 2000, at age 77 from complications following heart surgery in New York City. He had previously suffered a heart attack at around age 44. In 2001, the state of Idaho designated an annual "Jack Hemingway Conservation Day" in his honor."Jack Hemingway Annual Conservation Day"
Idaho Fish and Game press release, January 15, 2001. Accessed February 18, 2013. He is buried in

Idaho Idaho ( ) is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. To the north, it shares a small portion of the Canada–United States border with the province of British Columbia. It borders the states of Montana and Wyomi ...

at the Ketchum Cemetery, next to his wife Puck, daughter Margaux, father Ernest, step-mother Mary and half-brother Gregory.

Writings

*Hemingway, Jack (1986). ''Misadventures of a Fly Fisherman: My Life With and Without Papa''. Dallas: Taylor Pub. Co. *Hemingway, Jack (2002). ''A Life Worth Living: The Adventures of a Passionate Sportsman''. Guilford, Conn.: Lyons Press.

Notes

References

Sources

*Oliver, Charles M. (1999). ''Ernest Hemingway A to Z: The Essential Reference to the Life and Work''. New York: Checkmark Publishing. *

External links

"Obituary: Jack Hemingway"
from ''

''
Last Interview
at sunvalleyguide.com. * {{DEFAULTSORT:Hemingway, Jack American conservationists American fishers Sportspeople from Idaho Writers from Idaho Canadian people of American descent Canadian people of English descent Canadian emigrants to the United States Canadian expatriates in Austria Canadian expatriates in France American prisoners of war in World War II Sportspeople from Toronto Writers from Toronto Burials in Idaho Canadian autobiographers Canadian book editors Hemingway family 1923 births 2000 deaths People from Ketchum, Idaho United States Army personnel of World War II United States Army officers World War II prisoners of war held by Germany People of the Office of Strategic Services American military police officers Storm King School alumni