Jack Delano (born Jacob Ovcharov; August 1, 1914 – August 12, 1997) was a Ukrainian immigrant who became an accomplished photographer for the

Works Progress Administration The Works Progress Administration (WPA; renamed in 1939 as the Work Projects Administration) was an American New Deal agency that employed millions of jobseekers (mostly men who were not formally educated) to carry out public works projects, i ...

United Fund UNCF, the United Negro College Fund, also known as the United Fund, is an American philanthropic organization that funds scholarships for black students and general scholarship funds for 37 private historically black colleges and universities ...

, and most notably, the

Farm Security Administration The Farm Security Administration (FSA) was a New Deal agency created in 1937 to combat rural poverty during the Great Depression in the United States. It succeeded the Resettlement Administration (1935–1937). The FSA is famous for its small but ...

(FSA). He wore many hats as he also was a

composer A composer is a person who writes music. The term is especially used to indicate composers of Western classical music, or those who are composers by occupation. Many composers are, or were, also skilled performers of music. Etymology and Def ...

known for his use of Puerto Rican folk material, started a television production company, and was a cartoonist, poet, moviemaker, professor, and architectural designer.

Early life

Delano was born Jacob Ovcharov (

Cyrillic The Cyrillic script ( ), Slavonic script or the Slavic script, is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia. It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking co ...

: Яков Овчаров) to a Jewish family in Voroshilovka,

Podolia Governorate The Podolia Governorate or Podillia Governorate (), set up after the Second Partition of Poland, was a governorate (''gubernia'', ''province'', or ''government'') of the Russian Empire from 1793 to 1917, of the Ukrainian People's Republic from 1 ...

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War ...

(now Vorošýlivka,

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inva ...

). Delano, along with his parents and younger brother, emigrated to the United States in 1923. The family arrived in New York on July 5, 1923 on the SS ''Homeric'', and settled in

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Since ...

, soon after. Between 1924 and 1932 Delano studied graphic arts/photography and music (

viola ; german: Bratsche , alt=Viola shown from the front and the side , image=Bratsche.jpg , caption= , background=string , hornbostel_sachs=321.322-71 , hornbostel_sachs_desc=Composite chordophone sounded by a bow , range= , related= *Violin family ...

and

composition Composition or Compositions may refer to: Arts and literature *Composition (dance), practice and teaching of choreography *Composition (language), in literature and rhetoric, producing a work in spoken tradition and written discourse, to include v ...

) as a scholarship student at the Settlement Music School. After graduating high school he attended the

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

(PAFA) where he studied illustration and continued his musical training. While there, Delano was awarded the

Cresson Traveling Scholarship The Cresson Traveling Scholarship, also known as the William Emlen Cresson Memorial Traveling Scholarship, is a two-year scholarship for foreign travel and/or study awarded annually to art students at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in Phi ...

, on which he chose to travel to

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...

, where he bought a

camera A camera is an optical instrument that can capture an image. Most cameras can capture 2D images, with some more advanced models being able to capture 3D images. At a basic level, most cameras consist of sealed boxes (the camera body), with ...

that got him interested in photography.

Career

Farm Security Administration

After graduating from the PAFA, Delano found it difficult to secure a career in painting, illustrating, or music, so he decided to look into a photography program he had heard about through the

Federal Art Project The Federal Art Project (1935–1943) was a New Deal program to fund the visual arts in the United States. Under national director Holger Cahill, it was one of five Federal Project Number One projects sponsored by the Works Progress Administrati ...

(FAP). He had moved to New York and had been freelancing as a photographer at the time, and decided to propose a photographic project to the FAP.: a study of mining conditions in the Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania,

anthracite coal Anthracite, also known as hard coal, and black coal, is a hard, compact variety of coal that has a submetallic luster. It has the highest carbon content, the fewest impurities, and the highest energy density of all types of coal and is the high ...

area. Delano sent sample pictures to

Roy Stryker Roy Emerson Stryker (November 5, 1893 – September 27, 1975) was an American economist, government official, and photographer. He headed the Information Division of the Farm Security Administration (FSA) during the Great Depression, and laun ...

and applied for a job at the

Photography Program. Through the help of Edwin Rosskam and

Marion Post Wolcott Marion Post Wolcott (June 7, 1910 – November 24, 1990) was an American photographer who worked for the Farm Security Administration during the Great Depression documenting poverty, the Jim Crow South, and deprivation. Early life Marion Pos ...

, Stryker offered Delano a job at $2,300/year in 1940. As a condition of the job, Delano had to have his own car and driver's license, both of which he acquired before moving to Washington, D.C. Before working at the FSA, Delano had done his own processing and developing but did neither at the FSA. The FSA was created under the

Roosevelt Roosevelt may refer to: *Theodore Roosevelt (1858–1919), 26th U.S. president * Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945), 32nd U.S. president Businesses and organisations * Roosevelt Hotel (disambiguation) * Roosevelt & Son, a merchant bank * Rooseve ...

administration under the

New Deal The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1939. Major federal programs agencies included the Civilian Con ...

as a means to support small farmers and help restore the communities most affected by the depression. Many noteworthy photographers worked for the FSA until it was eliminated as "budget waste" in 1943 (including Charlotte Brooks,

Esther Bubley Esther Bubley (February 16, 1921 – March 16, 1998) was an American photographer who specialized in expressive photos of ordinary people in everyday lives. She worked for several agencies of the American government and her work also featured in s ...

Marjory Collins Marjory Collins (1912–1985) was an American photojournalist. She is remembered for her coverage of the home front during World War II. Personal life Marjory Collins was born March 15, 1912, to Elizabeth Everts Paine and writer Frederick Lewis ...

Walker Evans Walker Evans (November 3, 1903 – April 10, 1975) was an American photographer and photojournalist best known for his work for the Farm Security Administration (FSA) documenting the effects of the Great Depression. Much of Evans' work from ...

Dorothea Lange Dorothea Lange (born Dorothea Margaretta Nutzhorn; May 26, 1895 – October 11, 1965) was an American documentary photographer and photojournalist, best known for her Depression-era work for the Farm Security Administration (FSA). Lange' ...

, Russell Lee,

Carl Mydans Carl Mydans (May 20, 1907 – August 16, 2004) was an American photographer who worked for the Farm Security Administration and ''Life'' magazine. Life Mydans grew up playing on the Mystic River near Medford, near Boston, Massachusetts. His fat ...

Gordon Parks Gordon Roger Alexander Buchanan Parks (November 30, 1912 – March 7, 2006) was an American photographer, composer, author, poet, and film director, who became prominent in U.S. documentary photojournalism in the 1940s through 1970s—particula ...

Arthur Rothstein Arthur Rothstein (July 17, 1915 – November 11, 1985) was an American photographer. Rothstein is recognized as one of America's premier photojournalists. During a career that spanned five decades, he provoked, entertained and informed the Americ ...

Ben Shahn Ben Shahn (September 12, 1898 – March 14, 1969) was an American artist. He is best known for his works of social realism, his left-wing political views, and his series of lectures published as ''The Shape of Content''. Biography Shahn was bor ...

John Vachon John Felix Vachon (May 19, 1914 – April 20, 1975) was a world traveling American photographer. Vachon is remembered most for his photography working for the Farm Security Administration (FSA) as part of the New Deal and for contributions to '' ...

, and

), but Delano’s work continually differed greatly from his colleagues. He generally focused more on cultural and social patterns of regions rather than focusing solely on the people and landscape.

World War II

By the time the United States entered

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

, Delano completed a number of photo essays on industry in America preparing for the war. He was then drafted into the

United States Army Air Corps The United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) was the aerial warfare service component of the United States Army between 1926 and 1941. After World War I, as early aviation became an increasingly important part of modern warfare, a philosophical r ...

and served in the South Pacific from 1943 to 1946. Throughout his time in the military he continued documenting his experience via films and photographs, many of which remain classified to this day. He came home a captain and was determined to move to Puerto Rico with his wife, Irene (a second cousin to fellow photographer

), a land both of them had fallen in love with.

Move to Puerto Rico

Delano traveled to Puerto Rico in 1941 as a part of the FSA project. He was meant to spend a few days there on his way to the Virgin Islands, but his trip turned in to a few months due to the US declaring war after the

Pearl Harbor bombing The attack on Pearl HarborAlso known as the Battle of Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the United States against the naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii, ju ...

. This trip had such a profound influence on him that he settled there permanently in 1946. He mentioned being both fascinated and disturbed by the conditions he saw on the island, that he had never seen such intense poverty or met such kind people. He became well known, well loved, and highly regarded on the island. There were few Puerto Ricans who did not know who he was, or interact with his work (illustrations, cartoons, movies, movies, musicals, etc.) in some way on a day-to-day basis. With his wife he worked in the Community Division of the Department of Public Education producing films, for many of which Delano composed the score. Delano also directed ''Los Peloteros'', a Puerto Rican film about poor rural kids and their love for baseball. The film remains a classic in Puerto Rican cinema.

Photography

Delano's photography was highly regarded, not only for his unconventional subjects and locations, but because of his unconventional use of scale and proportion. This dramatically differentiated him from other FSA photographers. He used these techniques to dramatize the subject's presence and better underline the strength and character of the individual. He often took photos of the unsafe or poor conditions many individuals were living and working in. He used his photography to highlight the important of the "average" person as well as expose the conditions many of them were working in, in both the coal mines and Puerto Rico.

Musical works

Delano's musical compositions included works of every type: orchestral (many composed for the

Puerto Rico Symphony Orchestra The Puerto Rico Symphony Orchestra (PRSO) (''Orquesta Sinfónica de Puerto Rico'' in Spanish) a musical ensemble sponsored by the Government of Puerto Rico. It has 80 regular musicians from around the world performing a 52-week season which in ...

), ballets (composed for Ballet Infantil de Gilda Navarra and Ballets de San Juan), chamber, choral (including Pétalo de rosa, a commission for Coro de Niños de San Juan) and solo vocal. His vocal music often showcases Puerto Rican poetry, especially the words of friend and collaborator Tomás Blanco. Blanco, Délano and his wife Irene collaborated on children's books. The most prominent of these remains a classic in Puerto Rican literature: The Child's Gift: A Twelfth Night Tale by Tomás Blanco, with illustrations by Irene Delano and incidental music (written on the margins) by Jack Delano. His score for the film ''Desde las nubes'' demonstrates an early use of electronic techniques. Most of his works composed after he moved to Puerto Rico are notable for using folk material in a classical form.

Public television

Delano and two of his friends from the FSA, Edwin and Louise Rosskam, helped to create the Cinema and Graphics Unit (CGU, now known as the Division of Community Education) of the Commission of Parks and Recreation when asked by the governor to create a platform that would use film and graphics to improve education in rural areas. In 1957, they then founded Puerto Rico's first publicly funded educational television station, WIPR where Jack also acted as a station producer, composer, and program director. This started Jack's slow move away from photography and into creating in other areas. WIPR produced many notable programs, including “Puerto Rico: Workshop for the Americas” in 1961 which shed a light on the importance of Puerto Rican development to the Americas, touched on the difference between Cuba (under

Fidel Castro Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; ; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who was the leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008, serving as the prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and president from 1976 to 20 ...

) and Puerto Rico and how peaceful the island is, and even secured an exclusive interview with Puerto Rican governor Luis Munoz Marin.

Selected compositions

; Orchestral * ''Ofrenda Musical'' (Musical Offering) for viola, horn and string orchestra (1959) * ''El sabio Doctor Mambú'', Ballet for children (1962); libretto by the composer * ''Concertino classico'' for C trumpet and small orchestra (1968) * Sinfonietta for string orchestra (1983) ; Chamber and instrumental music * Sonata in A minor for viola and piano (1953) * Sonata for violin solo (1960) * Sonatina for flute and piano (1965) * String Quartet (1984) * ''Tres preludios'' (3 Preludes) for piano (1985) * "Aves" -10 piezas breves para piano (Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico 1987); Vocal * ''Esta luna es mía'' for soprano solo, female chorus and piano (1962); words by José P.H. Hernández * ''Me voy a Ponce'' for mixed chorus (1965); words by José Agustín Balseiro * ''Tres cancioncitas del mar'' for medium voice and piano (1969); words by Nimia Vicéns, Ester Feliciano Mendoza and Carmelina Vizcarrondo * ''Cuatro sones de la tierra'' for voice and piano (1974); words by Tomás Blanco * ''Pétalo de rosa'', Suite for a cappella children's choir (1993); written for the

San Juan Children's Choir The San Juan Children's Choir (''Coro de Niños de San Juan'' in Spanish) is a children's choir from San Juan, Puerto Rico. The group was founded in 1966 by its director, Evy Lucío Córdova. The Choir usually accepts participants from the age of 6 ...

; Film scores * ''Los Peloteros'' (1953) ; Discography * ''Al menos cantos'' (2022), released by Lexicon Classics, showcases 16 songs by Jack Délano, featuring mezzo-soprano Laura Virella, pianist Alla Milchtein and cellist

Kate Dillingham Kate Dillingham is an American classical cellist from New York City. She performs as a soloist and as a chamber musician, and is Artistic Director of the ArtsAhimsa Chamber Music Festival. A voting member of the Recording Academy (GRAMMY’s) and ...

Gallery

File:JimCrowInDurhamNC.jpg, "At the bus station", May 1940 File:Washing eggs to be sold at Tri-County Farmers Co-op Market at Du Bois, Pennsylvania fsa8c02961u.jpg, "Washing eggs to be sold at Tri-County Farmers Co-op Market at Du Bois, Pennsylvania", August 1940 File:Delano-Brown-and-Sharpe.jpg, "Employees leaving

Brown & Sharpe Brown & Sharpe is a division of Hexagon AB, a Swedish multinational corporation focused mainly on metrological tools and technology. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Brown & Sharpe was one of the best-known and most influential machine tool bui ...

Manufacturing Company, Providence, Rhode Island", December 1940 File:Utuado Children 01534u.jpg, "Children in

Utuado Utuado () is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico located in the central mountainous region of the island known as the '' Cordillera Central''. It is located north of Adjuntas and Ponce; south of Hatillo and Arecibo; east of Lares; and west ...

, Puerto Rico", May 1942 File:Chicago Union Station 1943.jpg, One of Delano's most famous pictures, of

Chicago Union Station Chicago Union Station is an intercity and commuter rail terminal located in the Near West Side neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The station is Amtrak's flagship station in the Midwest. While serving long-distance passenger trains, it is also ...

, January 1943 File:Roundhouse wipers.jpg, Roundhouse wipers at lunch,

Clinton, Iowa Clinton is a city in and the county seat of Clinton County, Iowa, United States. The population was 24,469 as of 2020. Clinton, along with DeWitt (also located in Clinton County), was named in honor of the sixth governor of New York, DeWitt C ...

, April 1943 File:Women wipers of the Chicago and North Western Railroad.jpg, Women wipers of the

Chicago and North Western Railroad The Chicago and North Western was a Class I railroad in the Midwestern United States. It was also known as the "North Western". The railroad operated more than of track at the turn of the 20th century, and over of track in seven states befor ...

cleaning one of the giant

4-8-4 Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles and four trailing wheels on two axles. The type w ...

"Northern" H-class steam locomotives,

, April 1943 File:Gentleman on a mine.jpg, Chicago, Illinois. Frank Williams, working on the car repair tracks at an Illinois Central Railroad yard. Mr. Williams came to Chicago from Pocahontas, Mississippi. He has eight children, two of whom are in the United States Army. File:Queen of Wellstown, 1942.jpg, "Queen of Wellstown," 1942 File:Newsboy selling the Chicago Defender.png, Newsboy selling

Chicago Defender ''The Chicago Defender'' is a Chicago-based online African-American newspaper. It was founded in 1905 by Robert S. Abbott and was once considered the "most important" newspaper of its kind. Abbott's newspaper reported and campaigned against J ...

, 1942 File:C. & N.W. R.R., Mrs. Marcella Hart, mother of three children, employed as a wiper at the roundhouse, Clinton, Iowa LCCN2017878358.tif, C. & N.W. R.R., Mrs. Marcella Hart, mother of three children, employed as a wiper at the roundhouse,

. April 1943. File:Small farms in the southwest, Puerto Rico LCCN2017877775.tif, "Small farms in the southwest," Puerto Rico, Jan 1942. File:FSA borrower who lives in village La Vallee, St. Croix island, Virgin Islands LCCN2017877842.tif, "FSA borrower who lives in village La Vallee, St. Croix island, Virgin Islands." Dec 1941. File:Loading oranges into refrigerator car at a co-op orange packing plant LCCN2017878156.tif, "Loading oranges into refrigerator car at a co-op orange packing plant," March 1943. File:Sugar cane workers resting, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico LCCN2017877774.tif,

Sugar cane Sugarcane or sugar cane is a species of (often hybrid) tall, perennial grass (in the genus '' Saccharum'', tribe Andropogoneae) that is used for sugar production. The plants are 2–6 m (6–20 ft) tall with stout, jointed, fibrous stalk ...

workers resting File:Spreading asbestos mixture on boiler of a locomotive at the C & NW RR (i.e. Chicago and North Western railroad), 40th Street locomotive shops LCCN2017877989.tif, Spreading

asbestos Asbestos () is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral. There are six types, all of which are composed of long and thin fibrous crystals, each fibre being composed of many microscopic "fibrils" that can be released into the atmosphere b ...

mixture on boiler of a locomotive at the C & NW RR

Chicago and North Western railroad The Chicago and North Western was a Class I railroad in the Midwestern United States. It was also known as the "North Western". The railroad operated more than of track at the turn of the 20th century, and over of track in seven states befor ...

], 40th Street locomotive shops. Dec 1942. File:Going to town on Saturday afternoon, Greene Co., Ga. LCCN2017877500.jpg, "Going to town on Saturday afternoon," Greene Co., Ga. May 1941. File:FSA - T(enant) P(urchase) borrowers? by their house, Puerto Rico LCCN2017877765.tif, "FSA - Tenant Purchase borrowers? by their house", Puerto Rico. 1941 File:Sugar cane workers resting at the noon hour, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico LCCN2017877770.tif, "Sugar cane workers resting at the noon hour,"

Rio Piedras Rio or Río is the Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Maltese word for "river". When spoken on its own, the word often means Rio de Janeiro, a major city in Brazil. Rio or Río may also refer to: Geography Brazil * Rio de Janeiro * Rio do Sul, a ...

, Puerto Rico. 1941. File:Street scene, Christiansted, St. Croix, Virgin Islands? LCCN2017877866.tif, "Street scene,

Christiansted Christiansted is the largest town on Saint Croix, one of the main islands composing the United States Virgin Islands, a territory of the United States of America The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United ...

St. Croix Saint Croix; nl, Sint-Kruis; french: link=no, Sainte-Croix; Danish and no, Sankt Croix, Taino: ''Ay Ay'' ( ) is an island in the Caribbean Sea, and a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincor ...

, Virgin Islands. 1941. File:Melrose Park (near Chicago), Ill, C&NWRR (i.e. Chicago and North Western railroad). William London has been a railroad worker 25 years - now working at the roundhouse at the Proviso yards LCCN2017878057.tif, "

Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Count ...

and

North Western railroad The North Western Railroad was a shortline railroad located in the western part of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania in the United States. It organized in 1853, and was purchased by the Western Pennsylvania Railroad in 1859 after completing only a ...

," William London has been a railroad worker 25 years - now working at the roundhouse at the Proviso yards. 1942. File:Sugar cane worker and his woman, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico LCCN2017877759.tif, "

worker and his woman",

, Puerto Rico. 1941. File:Chopping cotton on rented land near White Plains, Greene County, Ga. LCCN2017877520.tif, "Chopping

cotton Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus '' Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor pe ...

on rented land near White Plains," Greene County, GA. June 1941. File:Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe railroad conductor George E. Burton and engineer J.W. Edwards comparing time before pulling out of Corwith railroad yard for Chillicothe, Illinois; Chicago, LCCN2017878085.tif,

Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe railroad The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway , often referred to as the Santa Fe or AT&SF, was one of the larger railroads in the United States. The railroad was chartered in February 1859 to serve the cities of Atchison and Topeka, Kansas, and ...

conductor George E. Burton and engineer J.W. Edwards comparing time before pulling out of Corwith railroad yard for

Chillicothe, Illinois Chillicothe is a city on the Illinois River in Peoria County, Illinois, United States. The population was 6,097 at the 2010 census. Chillicothe is just north of the city of Peoria and is part of the Peoria Metropolitan Statistical Area. Geograp ...

; Chicago. March 1943. File:Melrose Park (near Chicago), Ill.; C & NW RR (i.e. Chicago and North Western railroad); Roy Nelin, a box packer in the roundhouse at the Proviso yard LCCN2017878059.tif, Melrose Park (near Chicago), Ill.; C & NW RR

]; Roy Nelin, a box packer in the roundhouse at the Proviso yard. Dec 1942.

Death

Jack Delano died on August 12, 1997 at age 83. He was buried at the Capital Municipal Cemetery in

Río Piedras, Puerto Rico Río Piedras is a populous district of San Juan, and former town and municipality of Puerto Rico, which was merged with the municipality of San Juan in 1951. The district today is composed of various '' barrios'' (these are the primary legal divi ...

.https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16626121/jack-delano

References

Bibliography

* H. Wiley Hitchcock and Stanley Sadie (eds), ''New Grove Dictionary of American Music,'' (London: Macmillan Press, 1986), volume 1, p 595. * ''Composers of the Americas: biographical data and catalogs of their works,'' (Washington: Secretaría General, Organización de los Estados Americanos), volume 19, pp 22–27.

External links

*
Interview
of Jack & Irene Delano by Richard Doud of the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution (June 12, 1965)
Photography of Jack Delano

exhibit featuring color photographs by Delano and others.
Handpicked selection of photographs at Shorpy

Web page on Delano's 1940 photograph ''Miner at Dougherty's Mine, Near Falls Creek, Pennsylvania'' (click on picture for larger image)
Portrait of an Artist: Jack Délano
by Francisco J. Cabán-Vales, Musiké
Cuatro sones de la tierra
by mezzo-soprano Laura Virella and pianist Nathaniel LaNasa {{DEFAULTSORT:Delano, Jack 1914 births 1997 deaths 20th-century American photographers American classical violists American male classical composers American classical composers American film score composers American male film score composers Puerto Rican music Soviet emigrants to the United States People from Vinnytsia Oblast Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts alumni Puerto Rican people of Russian descent United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II 20th-century classical composers 20th-century American composers 20th-century American male musicians American people of Ukrainian descent 20th-century violists