Jaberg is a
municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the ...
in the
Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the
canton
Canton may refer to:
Administrative division terminology
* Canton (administrative division), territorial/administrative division in some countries, notably Switzerland
* Township (Canada), known as ''canton'' in Canadian French
Arts and ente ...
of
Bern
german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese
, neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen
, website ...
in
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
.
History
Jaberg is first mentioned in 1259 as ''Jagberc''.
[
The oldest trace of a settlement in the area is a ]Hallstatt
Hallstatt ( , , ) is a small town in the district of Gmunden, in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. Situated between the southwestern shore of Hallstätter See and the steep slopes of the Dachstein massif, the town lies in the Salzkammergut ...
burial mound
Burial, also known as interment or inhumation, is a method of final disposition whereby a dead body is placed into the ground, sometimes with objects. This is usually accomplished by excavating a pit or trench, placing the deceased and objec ...
. During the Early Middle Ages
The Early Middle Ages (or early medieval period), sometimes controversially referred to as the Dark Ages, is typically regarded by historians as lasting from the late 5th or early 6th century to the 10th century. They marked the start of the Mi ...
the same area was used as a cemetery. A small hill fort
A hillfort is a type of earthwork used as a fortified refuge or defended settlement, located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage. They are typically European and of the Bronze Age or Iron Age. Some were used in the post-Roma ...
from the same era indicates that there was probably a village near the Jabergwald. During the Middle Ages wooden castle was built near the Aare
The Aare () or Aar () is a tributary of the High Rhine and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland.
Its total length from its source to its junction with the Rhine comprises about , during which distance it descen ...
ferry. According to Konrad Justinger it was destroyed by Bern
german: Berner(in)french: Bernois(e) it, bernese
, neighboring_municipalities = Bremgarten bei Bern, Frauenkappelen, Ittigen, Kirchlindach, Köniz, Mühleberg, Muri bei Bern, Neuenegg, Ostermundigen, Wohlen bei Bern, Zollikofen
, website ...
in 1286. The village was probably owned by the Lords of Krauchtal until the 15th century, when it was acquired by a noble family from Bern. The village passed through several landowners before being acquired by Bern city around 1528, when Bern adopted the new faith of the Protestant Reformation
The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and i ...
.[
Today the village is mostly rural and agrarian with most of the farms raising livestock. A gravel pit and a regional landfill provide additional jobs. Since the 1970s it has slowly been transformed into a ]bedroom community
A commuter town is a populated area that is primarily residential rather than commercial or industrial. Routine travel from home to work and back is called commuting, which is where the term comes from. A commuter town may be called by many o ...
and now about four-fifths of the population commute to jobs in nearby towns and cities.[
]
Geography
Jaberg has an area of . As of 2012, a total of or 51.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 22.7% is forested. The rest of the municipality is or 18.2% is settled (buildings or roads), or 4.5% is either rivers or lakes.[Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics]
2009 data accessed 25 March 2010
During the same year, housing and buildings made up 6.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.5%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 7.6% of the area A total of 18.9% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 34.8% is used for growing crops and 13.6% is pasturage, while 3.0% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.[
The municipality is located on the hilly left bank of the ]Aare river
The Aare () or Aar () is a tributary of the High Rhine and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland.
Its total length from its source to its junction with the Rhine comprises about , during which distance it descen ...
. It includes the villages of Hinter and Vorder Jaberg. The former exclave
An enclave is a territory (or a small territory apart of a larger one) that is entirely surrounded by the territory of one other state or entity. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is sometimes used improperly to deno ...
of Stoffelsrüti became part of Noflen
Noflen is a former municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Gelterfingen, Mühledorf and Noflen merged into the municipality of Kirchdorf.
...
in 1948.
On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Seftigen, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Bern-Mittelland.[Nomenklaturen – Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz]
accessed 4 April 2011
Coat of arms
The blazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The ...
of the municipal coat of arms
A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full heraldic achievement, which in its ...
is ''Per bend wavy Argent a Rose Gules barbed and seeded proper and Azure a Rose Argent barbed and seeded proper.''
Demographics
Jaberg has a population () of . , 3.2% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 2 years (2010-2012) the population has changed at a rate of -2.7%. Migration accounted for -2.7%, while births and deaths accounted for -0.4%.[Swiss Federal Statistical Office]
accessed 27 March 2014
Most of the population () speaks German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
**Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ge ...
(229 or 97.4%) as their first language, Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance language
*** Regional Ita ...
is the second most common (2 or 0.9%) and Portuguese
Portuguese may refer to:
* anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal
** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods
** Portuguese language, a Romance language
*** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language
** Portu ...
is the third (2 or 0.9%).[
, the population was 45.9% male and 54.1% female. The population was made up of 115 Swiss men (44.4% of the population) and 4 (1.5%) non-Swiss men. There were 138 Swiss women (53.3%) and 2 (0.8%) non-Swiss women.][Statistical office of the Canton of Bern]
accessed 4 January 2012 Of the population in the municipality, 65 or about 27.7% were born in Jaberg and lived there in 2000. There were 128 or 54.5% who were born in the same canton, while 31 or 13.2% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 10 or 4.3% were born outside of Switzerland.[
, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 22.2% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 63.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.8%.][
, there were 97 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 117 married individuals, 12 widows or widowers and 9 individuals who are divorced.][STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000]
accessed 2 February 2011
, there were 27 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. , a total of 95 apartments (93.1% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 2 apartments (2.0%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (4.9%) were empty.[Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen]
accessed 28 January 2011 In 2011, single family homes made up 67.5% of the total housing in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Economy
, Jaberg had an unemployment rate of 0.6%. , there were a total of 56 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 13 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 5 businesses involved in this sector. 18 people were employed in the secondary sector
In macroeconomics, the secondary sector of the economy is an economic sector in the three-sector theory that describes the role of manufacturing. It encompasses industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in construc ...
and there was 1 business in this sector. 25 people were employed in the tertiary sector
The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector (raw materials) and the second ...
, with 13 businesses in this sector.[ There were 122 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 41.8% of the workforce.
there were a total of 40 ]full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent (FTE), or whole time equivalent (WTE), is a unit that indicates the workload of an employed person (or student) in a way that makes workloads or class loads comparable across various contexts. FTE is often used to measure a ...
jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 8, all in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 18 of which 1 was in manufacturing and the rest were in the waste treatment industry. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 14. In the tertiary sector; 3 or 21.4% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, and 7 or 50.0% were technical professionals or scientists.
, there were 43 workers who commuted into the municipality and 99 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 23 workers (34.8% of the 66 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in Jaberg.[Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb]
accessed 24 June 2010 Of the working population, 29.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 47.5% used a private car.[
In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident, with two children, of Jaberg making 150,000 CHF was 12%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 17.6%. For comparison, the average rate for the entire canton in the same year, was 14.2% and 22.0%, while the nationwide average was 12.3% and 21.1% respectively.
In 2009 there were a total of 117 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 51 made over 75,000 CHF per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in Jaberg was 103,606 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF.
In 2011 a total of 0.4% of the population received direct financial assistance from the government.Statistischer Atlas der Schweiz - Bezüger/-innen von Sozialhilfeleistungen (Sozialhilfeempfänger/-innen), 2011]
accessed 18 June 2013
Religion
From the , 172 or 73.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church
The Protestant Church in Switzerland (PCS), (EKS); french: Église évangélique réformée de Suisse (EERS); it, Chiesa evangelica riformata in Svizzera (CERiS); rm, Baselgia evangelica refurmada da la Svizra (BRRS) formerly named Federation o ...
, while 31 or 13.2% were Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
* Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
* Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 3 individuals (or about 1.28% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 6 individuals (or about 2.55% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
, and 3 (or about 1.28% of the population) who were Muslim
Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
. There was 1 person who was Buddhist
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...
and 1 individual who belonged to another church. 13 (or about 5.53% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism is the view or belief that the existence of God, of the divine or the supernatural is unknown or unknowable. (page 56 in 1967 edition) Another definition provided is the view that "human reason is incapable of providing sufficien ...
or atheist
Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there no ...
, and 4 individuals (or about 1.70% of the population) did not answer the question.[
]
Education
In Jaberg about 64% of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 23.5% have completed additional higher education (either university
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United Stat ...
or a ''Fachhochschule
A ''Fachhochschule'' (; plural ''Fachhochschulen''), abbreviated FH, is a university of applied sciences (UAS), in other words a German tertiary education institution that provides professional education in many applied sciences and applied art ...
'').[ Of the 36 who had completed some form of tertiary schooling listed in the census, 77.8% were Swiss men, 19.4% were Swiss women.][
, there were a total of 33 students from Jaberg who attended schools outside the municipality.][
]
References
External links
*
{{Authority control
Municipalities of the canton of Bern