''J. E. B. v. Alabama ex rel. T. B.'', 511 U.S. 127 (1994), was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States holding that

peremptory challenge In American and Australian law, the right of peremptory challenge is a right in jury selection for the attorneys to reject a certain number of potential jurors without stating a reason. Other potential jurors may be challenged for cause, i.e. by ...

s based solely on a prospective juror's sex are unconstitutional. ''J.E.B.'' extended the court's existing precedent in '' Batson v. Kentucky'' (1986), which found race-based peremptory challenges in criminal trials unconstitutional, and ''

Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Company ''Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Company'', 500 U.S. 614 (1991), was a United States Supreme Court case which held that peremptory challenges may not be used to exclude jurors on the basis of race in civil trials. ''Edmonson'' extended the court' ...

'' (1991), which extended that principle to civil trials.. As in ''Batson'', the court found that sex-based challenges violate the Equal Protection Clause.

Background

On behalf of T.B., the mother of a minor child, the state sued J.E.B. for

child support Child support (or child maintenance) is an ongoing, periodic payment made by a parent for the financial benefit of a child (or parent, caregiver, guardian) following the end of a marriage or other similar relationship. Child maintenance is paid d ...

Jackson County, Alabama Jackson County is the northeasternmost county in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census, the population was 52,579. The county seat is Scottsboro. The county was named for Andrew Jackson, general in the United States Army and afterw ...

. During jury selection, challenges intentionally targeted male potential jurors resulting in an all-female jury.

Decision

The majority opinion was written by

Justice Blackmun Harry Andrew Blackmun (November 12, 1908 – March 4, 1999) was an American lawyer and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1970 to 1994. Appointed by Republican President Richard Nixon, Blac ...

. Justice O'Connor wrote a concurring opinion, and

Justice Kennedy Anthony McLeod Kennedy (born July 23, 1936) is an American lawyer and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1988 until his retirem ...

separately concurred in the judgment. Chief Justice Rehnquist filed a separate dissenting opinion.

Justice Scalia Antonin Gregory Scalia (; March 11, 1936 – February 13, 2016) was an American jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1986 until his death in 2016. He was described as the intellectua ...

also filed a dissenting opinion, which was joined by Chief Justice Rehnquist and Justice Thomas.

References

External links

* United States Supreme Court cases Batson challenge case law United States civil procedure case law 1994 in United States case law 1994 in Alabama 20th-century American trials Legal history of Alabama United States Sixth Amendment jury case law Jackson County, Mississippi Child support United States Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court United States gender discrimination case law {{SCOTUS-case-stub

Background

Decision

See also

References

Further reading

External links