Israel Frederick Fischer (August 17, 1858 – March 16, 1940) was a

United States representative The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...

from New York, a judge and Presiding Judge of the

United States Customs Court The United States Court of International Trade (case citations: Int'l Trade or Intl. Trade) is a U.S. federal court that adjudicates civil actions arising out of U.S. customs and international trade laws. Seated in New York City, it exercises ...

and a member and President of the

Board of General Appraisers The United States Court of International Trade (case citations: Int'l Trade or Intl. Trade) is a U.S. federal court that adjudicates civil actions arising out of U.S. customs and international trade laws. Seated in New York City, it exercises ...

Education and career

Born on August 17, 1858, in

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the Un ...

, New York, Fischer attended the public schools and Cooper Institute (now Cooper Union) in New York City and moved to

Brooklyn Brooklyn () is a borough of New York City, coextensive with Kings County, in the U.S. state of New York. Kings County is the most populous county in the State of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, be ...

, New York in September 1887. He was employed as a clerk in a law office, where he read law and was admitted to the bar in 1879. He entered private practice in New York City from 1880 to 1895. He was a member of the executive committee of the Republican state committee from 1888 to 1890.

Congressional service

Fischer was elected as a

Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

from

New York's 4th congressional district The 4th congressional district of New York is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in central and southern Nassau County, represented by Democrat Kathleen Rice since 2015. After Rice's term ends in 2023, Rep ...

to the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...

of the 54th and

55th United States Congress The 55th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1897, to M ...

es, serving from March 4, 1895, to March 3, 1899. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1898 to the

56th United States Congress The 56th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1899, ...

Federal judicial service

Fischer received a

recess appointment In the United States, a recess appointment is an appointment by the president of a federal official when the U.S. Senate is in recess. Under the U.S. Constitution's Appointments Clause, the President is empowered to nominate, and with the a ...

from President

William McKinley William McKinley (January 29, 1843September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. As a politician he led a realignment that made his Republican Party largely dominant in ...

on May 2, 1899, to a seat on the

vacated by member Ferdinand N. Shurtleff. He was nominated to the same position by President McKinley on December 15, 1899. He was confirmed by the

United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...

on January 17, 1900, and received his commission on January 22, 1900. He served as President from 1902 to 1905. Fischer was reassigned by operation of law to the

on May 28, 1926, to a new Associate Justice seat (Judge from June 17, 1930) authorized by 44 Stat. 669. He served as Chief Justice (Presiding Judge from June 17, 1930) from 1927 to 1932. His service terminated on March 31, 1932, due to his retirement. He was succeeded by Judge Frederick W. Dallinger.

Other service and death

Fischer was a delegate to the International Customs Congress held in New York City in 1903. He died on March 16, 1940, in New York City. He was interred in Maimonides Cemetery in Brooklyn.

References

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