The International Organisation of Vine and Wine (french: Organisation Internationale de la vigne et du vin; OIV) is an

intergovernmental organization Globalization is social change Social change is the alteration of the social order of a society which may include changes in social institutions, social behaviours or social relations. Definition Social change may not refer to the not ...

which deals with technical and scientific aspects of

viticulture Viticulture (from the Latin word for '' vine'') or winegrowing (wine growing) is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes. It is a branch of the science of horticulture. While the native territory of '' Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine, r ...

and

winemaking Winemaking or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine-making stretches over millennia. The science of wine and ...

.OIV - Presentation
, accessed on March 3, 2009 The field of OIV includes

grape A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus '' Vitis''. Grapes are a non- climacteric type of fruit, generally occurring in clusters. The cultivation of grapes began perhaps 8,000 years a ...

production for all purposes, i.e. not just

wine Wine is an alcoholic drink typically made from Fermentation in winemaking, fermented grapes. Yeast in winemaking, Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Different ...

, but also table grapes and

raisin A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia, the word ''raisin'' is reserved for the ...

production. One of the activities of OIV is the compilation of global statistics within its field. OIV is based in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...

, and had 49 member states as of 2022.OIV members
, accessed on December 1st, 2011

History

The earliest forerunners of the OIV are the international conferences held as a reaction to the 19th century

phylloxera Grape phylloxera is an insect pest of commercial grapevines worldwide, originally native to eastern North America. Grape phylloxera (''Daktulosphaira vitifoliae'' (Fitch 1855) belong to the family Phylloxeridae, within the order Hemiptera, bu ...

epidemic, with the five-nation

Montpellier Montpellier (, , ; oc, Montpelhièr ) is a city in southern France near the Mediterranean Sea. One of the largest urban centres in the region of Occitania, Montpellier is the prefecture of the department of Hérault. In 2018, 290,053 people l ...

Congress held between 26-30 October 1874 being the foremost among these.OIV - Background
, accessed on March 3, 2009 The idea of an international organization came up several times during the coming decades, and finally, on 29 November 1924, eight nations signed an agreement concerned with the creation of an International Wine Office (''Office international du vin'', OIV) in Paris. After that the agreement went back to nations for

ratification Ratification is a principal's approval of an act of its agent that lacked the authority to bind the principal legally. Ratification defines the international act in which a state indicates its consent to be bound to a treaty if the parties inten ...

. The first working session was held at

Salon de l’Horloge Salon may refer to: Common meanings * Beauty salon, a venue for cosmetic treatments * French term for a drawing room, an architectural space in a home * Salon (gathering), a meeting for learning or enjoyment Arts and entertainment * Salon (P ...

on 3 December 1927. On 4 September 1958, the organization's name was changed to the International Vine and Wine Office (''Office International de la Vigne et du Vin''). The current International Organisation of Vine and Wine was established following a 35-nation agreement on 3 April 2001, and replaced the International Vine and Wine Office. This agreement went into effect on 1 January 2004.

Member states

Scientific wine color determination

The International Organisation of Vine and Wine provides methods to assess the

color of a wine The color of wine is one of the most easily recognizable characteristics of wines. Color is also an element in wine tasting since heavy wines generally have a deeper color. The accessory traditionally used to judge the wine color was the tastevi ...

using a spectrophotometer and the calculation of indices in the

Lab color space The CIELAB color space, also referred to as ''L*a*b*'' , is a color space defined by the International Commission on Illumination (abbreviated CIE) in 1976. (Referring to CIELAB as "Lab" without asterisks should be avoided to prevent confusio ...

Resolutions

In 2013, the OIV took a resolution which "recommends obtaining and developing new cultivars which carry multiple resistance loci ..to lower the risk of selection and of development of more aggressive pathogen strains", especially for downy and powdery mildew.

References

External links

OIV's web site
{{Authority control Wine industry organizations Organizations established in 2004 Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty Vine and Wine Organizations based in Paris 2004 establishments in France